A drilling bit for land layer engineering investigation drilling construction

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of stratum exploration equipment, and particularly relates to a drilling bit for soil stratum engineering investigation and drilling construction, which comprises a bottom plate and a top plate, the bottom plate and the top plate are connected through a supporting rod, a reversing motor is installed on the top plate, a connecting box is installed at the bottom of the top plate, the reversing motor is connected with a spiral rod through a transmission shaft, one end of the spiral rod is slidingly installed in the connecting box, a spring is installed in the connecting box, and the connecting box is connected with the spiral rod through the spring; a short gear ring is installed on the transmission shaft, a transmission groove is formed in the spiral rod, a long gear sleeve is installed in the transmission groove, a transmission box connected in a pressing mode is installed in the transmission groove, one end of the transmission box is connected with an impact drill bit through a reciprocating screw rod, and the other end of the transmission box is connected with the transmission shaft. When the drilling bit works at the junction of the soil layer and the rock layer, the spiral rod and the impact drill bit can automatically switch the working mode and cooperate with each other to realize the work of impacting the rock layer and transporting the rock blocks, and the layer breaking efficiency of the equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of stratum exploration equipment, and in particular relates to a drilling bit for soil stratum engineering survey and drilling construction. Background Art

[0002] Geological exploration refers to the investigation and research activities that use various means and methods to survey and detect geology, determine the appropriate bearing stratum, determine the foundation type based on the bearing capacity of the bearing stratum, and calculate foundation parameters. Exploration drilling rigs are commonly used for geological exploration and are widely used in fields such as oil and coal seismic exploration, water conservancy projects, and other construction projects.

[0003] The drilling bit is the core of the exploration drill rig and determines its performance. The following problems exist when using the drill bit: First, geological layers are roughly divided into soil layers and rock layers. For soil layers, a spiral drill bit can be used to quickly drill holes, such as the patent with publication number CN112943088A. However, under geological conditions where soft and hard layers alternate, that is, at the junction of soil and rock layers, the spiral drill bit is prone to getting stuck. To avoid this phenomenon, a percussion drill bit is usually used to replace the spiral drill bit, such as the patent with publication number CN115163061A. However, the rock blocks broken by the percussion drill are difficult to transport from the working position of the percussion drill, causing the rock blocks to accumulate at the working position of the percussion drill, affecting the working efficiency of the percussion drill bit. The accumulation of rock fragments can also easily cause the drill bit path to deviate. At the same time, frequently switching between the spiral drill bit and the percussion drill greatly affects the working efficiency of the exploration drill rig, resulting in poor adaptability. Second, at the junction of the soil and rock layers, the resistance encountered by the drill bit will increase, which will also increase the rotational resistance of the drill rod. When the drilling resistance exceeds the strength of the drill rod itself and the connection strength, the drill rod connection will cause locking. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drilling drill bit for soil layer engineering survey and drilling construction in order to solve the technical problems in the prior art.

[0005] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solution: a drilling drill bit for soil layer engineering survey and drilling construction, comprising a bottom plate and a top plate, the bottom plate and the top plate being connected by a support rod, a reversing motor being mounted on the top plate, a connecting box being mounted on the bottom of the top plate, the reversing motor being connected to a screw rod via a transmission shaft, one end of the screw rod being slidably mounted inside the connecting box, a spring being mounted in the connecting box, and the connecting box being connected to the screw rod via the spring;

[0006] A short gear ring is installed on the transmission shaft, a transmission groove is opened inside the spiral rod, a long gear sleeve is installed in the transmission groove, the short gear ring is meshed with the long gear sleeve, a push-type connected transmission box is installed inside the transmission groove, one end of the transmission box is connected to the impact drill bit through a reciprocating screw rod, the reciprocating screw rod is slidably installed in the spiral rod, and the other end of the transmission box is connected to the transmission shaft.

[0007] As a further optimization or improvement of this solution, a sliding rod groove and a lifting groove are opened in the spiral rod, the transmission box is connected to the limit block through a reciprocating screw, the limit block is connected to the impact drill bit through a connecting rod, the reciprocating screw and the connecting rod are located in the sliding rod groove and slide, and the limit block is located in the lifting groove and slides.

[0008] As a further optimization or improvement of this solution, a limit plate is installed on the reciprocating screw, the limit plate is located inside the limit block and slides, and the reciprocating screw cooperates with the limit block in transmission.

[0009] As a further optimization or improvement of this solution, a transmission collar is installed on the transmission shaft, a transmission block is installed inside the transmission box, and the transmission collar cooperates with the transmission block in transmission.

[0010] As a further optimization or improvement of this solution, a push-to-open electromagnetic suction cup is installed at the bottom of the transmission box, and the electromagnetic suction cup absorbs the transmission shaft.

[0011] As a further optimization or improvement of this solution, the spring is connected to the spiral rod through a bearing.

[0012] As a further optimization or improvement of this solution, a pressure sensor is installed on the electromagnetic chuck, and the opening and closing of the electromagnetic chuck is controlled by the pressure sensor.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0014] (1) When drilling a hole in the soil layer, the reversing motor is running. Since the short gear ring on the transmission shaft is connected to the long gear sleeve on the screw rod, the reversing motor drives the screw rod to rotate synchronously forward through the transmission shaft. At this time, the transmission block in the transmission box and the transmission sleeve on the transmission shaft are in a separated state, and the soil layer is drilled quickly through the screw rod;

[0015] When drilling into the rock formation, the drilling resistance increases and gradually exceeds the spring elastic preload, impacting the drill bit and the spiral rod compressing the spring. At this time, one end of the spiral rod moves into the connecting box, thereby increasing the connection strength between the spiral rod and the connecting box and avoiding the problem of the drill rod connection being locked due to the drilling resistance exceeding the drill rod connection strength.

[0016] (2) When drilling a hole in a rock formation, the spring is compressed, and the transmission block inside the transmission box cooperates with the transmission collar on the transmission shaft. At this time, the transmission shaft is reversed by the reversing motor. On the one hand, the transmission shaft drives the reciprocating screw to rotate through the transmission box. Under the transmission cooperation between the reciprocating screw and the limit block, the transmission box rotates and drives the impact drill bit on the limit block to move back and forth, so that the impact drill bit impacts the rock formation. On the other hand, the transmission shaft drives the spiral rod to reverse through the short gear ring. The spiral rod reverses and transports the rock blocks broken by the impact drill bit upward, avoiding the accumulation of rock blocks causing the impact drill bit to deviate from the path of the impact drill bit, thereby improving the working efficiency of the impact drill bit. When the present invention works at the junction of the soil layer and the rock layer, the spiral rod and the impact drill bit can automatically switch working modes and cooperate with each other to achieve the work of impacting the rock formation and transporting rock blocks, thereby improving the layer breaking efficiency of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the connection box.

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the spiral rod.

[0021] Figure 4 This is an exploded diagram of the internal structure of the spiral rod.

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the connection between the transmission shaft and the impact drill bit.

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of part A.

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of part B.

[0025] The following are marked in the figure: 1. Base plate; 2. Top plate; 3. Support rod; 4. Reversing motor; 5. Screw rod; 6. Impact drill bit; 7. Transmission shaft; 8. Connecting box; 9. Slide rod slot; 10. Lifting slot; 12. Transmission slot; 13. Bearing; 14. Long gear sleeve; 15. Short gear ring; 16. Transmission box; 17. Reciprocating screw; 18. Limit block; 19. Connecting rod; 20. Transmission collar; 21. Transmission block; 22. Electromagnetic suction cup; 23. Limit disk; 24. Spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 A drilling drill bit for soil layer engineering survey and drilling construction includes a bottom plate 1 and a top plate 2, the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2 are connected by a support rod 3, a reversing motor 4 is installed on the top plate 2, a connecting box 8 is installed at the bottom of the top plate 2, the reversing motor 4 is connected to a screw rod 5 through a transmission shaft 7, one end of the screw rod 5 is located inside the connecting box 8 and is slidably installed, a spring 24 is installed in the connecting box 8, and the connecting box 8 is connected to the screw rod 5 through the spring 24;

[0028] A short gear ring 15 is installed on the transmission shaft 7, a transmission groove 12 is opened inside the screw rod 5, a long gear sleeve 14 is installed in the transmission groove 12, the short gear ring 15 is engaged with the long gear sleeve 14, and a press-connected transmission box 16 is installed inside the transmission groove 12. One end of the transmission box 16 is connected to the impact drill bit 6 through a reciprocating screw rod 17. The reciprocating screw rod 17 is slidably installed in the screw rod 5, and the other end of the transmission box 16 is connected to the transmission shaft 7.

[0029] Specifically, a transmission collar 20 is installed on the transmission shaft 7 , a transmission block 21 is installed inside the transmission box 16 , and the transmission collar 20 and the transmission block 21 are in transmission cooperation.

[0030] Specifically, a push-to-open electromagnetic suction cup 22 is installed at the bottom of the transmission box 16 , and the electromagnetic suction cup 22 absorbs the transmission shaft 7 .

[0031] Specifically, a pressure sensor is installed on the electromagnetic chuck 22, and the opening and closing of the electromagnetic chuck 22 is controlled by the pressure sensor.

[0032] It should be noted that when drilling a hole in the soil layer, the reversing motor 4 is running. Since the short gear ring 15 on the transmission shaft 7 is connected to the long gear sleeve 14 on the screw rod 5, the reversing motor 4 drives the screw rod 5 to rotate synchronously forward through the transmission shaft 7. At this time, the transmission block 21 in the transmission box 16 and the transmission collar 20 on the transmission shaft 7 are in a separated state, and the soil layer is drilled quickly through the screw rod 5.

[0033] When drilling into the rock formation, the drilling resistance increases and gradually exceeds the elastic preload of the spring 24. The impact drill bit 6 and the spiral rod 5 compress the spring 24. At this time, one end of the spiral rod 5 moves into the connecting box 8, thereby increasing the connection strength between the spiral rod 5 and the connecting box 8, thereby avoiding the problem of the drill rod connection being locked due to the drilling resistance exceeding the drill rod connection strength.

[0034] As the spring 24 is compressed, the transmission block 21 inside the transmission box 16 cooperates with the transmission collar 20 on the transmission shaft 7. At this time, the transmission shaft 7 is controlled to rotate in the opposite direction by the reversing motor 4. On the one hand, the transmission shaft 7 drives the reciprocating screw 17 to rotate through the transmission box 16. Under the transmission cooperation between the reciprocating screw 17 and the limit block 18, the rotation of the transmission box 16 drives the impact drill bit 6 on the limit block 18 to move back and forth, so that the impact drill bit 6 impacts the rock formation. On the other hand, the transmission shaft 7 drives the screw rod 5 to reverse through the short gear ring 15. The rock blocks broken by the impact drill bit 6 are transported upward through the reversal of the screw rod 5, so as to avoid the path deviation of the impact drill bit 6 caused by the accumulation of rock blocks, thereby improving the working efficiency of the impact drill bit 6.

[0035] When the present invention works at the interface between soil and rock layers, the spiral rod 5 and the impact drill bit 6 can automatically switch working modes and cooperate with each other to impact the rock layer and transport rock blocks, thereby improving the layer breaking efficiency of the equipment.

[0036] See also Figure 4-Figure 7 A slide rod groove 9 and a lifting groove 10 are opened in the screw rod 5, the transmission box 16 is connected to the limit block 18 through the reciprocating screw rod 17, the limit block 18 is connected to the impact drill bit 6 through the connecting rod 19, the reciprocating screw rod 17 and the connecting rod 19 are located in the slide rod groove 9 and slide, and the limit block 18 is located in the lifting groove 10 and slides.

[0037] Specifically, a limit plate 23 is installed on the reciprocating screw 17 , and the limit plate 23 is located inside the limit block 18 and slides, and the reciprocating screw 17 and the limit block 18 are in transmission cooperation.

[0038] Specifically, the spring 24 is connected to the spiral rod 5 through the bearing 13 .

[0039] It should be noted that a vertical slide groove is opened inside the lifting groove 10, and the limit block 18 slides with the lifting groove 10 through a slider, so that the limit block 18 is located in the lifting groove 10 and moves vertically up and down. When the transmission shaft 7 is connected to the reciprocating screw 17 through the transmission box 16, the transmission shaft 7 drives the impact drill bit 6 on the limit block 18 to move back and forth through the reciprocating screw 17 to achieve impact on the rock formation.

[0040] A transmission sleeve is fixedly installed on the limit block 18, and the transmission sleeve cooperates with the reciprocating screw 17 for transmission. The limit plate 23 slides inside the limit block 18. The purpose of the limit plate 23 sliding inside the limit block 18 is to limit the lifting range of the impact drill bit 6 and ensure the precise guidance of the impact drill bit 6.

[0041] The implementation principle of the present invention is as follows: when in use, the reversing motor 4 is running. Since the short gear ring 15 on the transmission shaft 7 is connected to the long gear sleeve 14 on the screw rod 5, the reversing motor 4 drives the screw rod 5 to rotate synchronously forward through the transmission shaft 7. At this time, the transmission block 21 in the transmission box 16 and the transmission collar 20 on the transmission shaft 7 are in a separated state. In this state, the reversing motor 4 drives the screw rod 5 to rotate forward through the transmission shaft 7, and the soil layer is quickly drilled through the screw rod 5. During this process, the drilling resistance is less than the elastic preload of the spring 24. The spring 24 maintains the rotation of the screw rod 5 and the impact drill bit 6 is fixed.

[0042] When the spiral rod 5 drills into the rock formation, the drilling resistance is greater than the elastic preload of the spring 24, and the impact drill bit 6 and the spiral rod 5 compress the spring 24. At this time, one end of the spiral rod 5 moves into the connecting box 8, thereby increasing the connection strength between the spiral rod 5 and the connecting box 8, and avoiding the problem that the drill rod connection is locked due to the drilling resistance exceeding the drill rod connection strength.

[0043] As the spring 24 is compressed, the transmission block 21 inside the transmission box 16 engages with the transmission collar 20 on the transmission shaft 7. At the same time, the bottom of the transmission shaft 7 presses the pressure sensor on the electromagnetic chuck 22. When the pressure reaches the set value, the electromagnetic chuck 22 starts to attract the transmission shaft 7, connecting the transmission box 16 to the transmission shaft 7 and maintaining the compressed state of the spring 24.

[0044] After the transmission collar 20 is connected to the transmission block 21, the reversing motor 4 controls the transmission shaft 7 to reverse. On the one hand, the transmission shaft 7 drives the reciprocating screw 17 to rotate through the transmission box 16. Under the transmission cooperation of the reciprocating screw 17 and the limit block 18, the transmission box 16 rotates to drive the impact drill bit 6 on the limit block 18 to move back and forth, so that the impact drill bit 6 impacts the rock formation. On the other hand, the transmission shaft 7 drives the spiral rod 5 to reverse through the short gear ring 15. The rock blocks broken by the impact drill bit 6 are transported upward through the reversal of the spiral rod 5, avoiding the accumulation of rock blocks and the path deviation of the impact drill bit 6, thereby improving the working efficiency of the impact drill bit 6; at the same time, when the present invention works at the junction of the soil layer and the rock layer, the spiral rod 5 and the impact drill bit 6 can automatically switch the working mode and cooperate with each other to realize the work of impacting the rock formation and transporting rock blocks, thereby improving the layer breaking efficiency of the equipment.

[0045] When the soil layer is drilled again, the drilling resistance decreases and the electromagnetic chuck 22 is automatically closed.

[0046] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A drilling bit for soil layer engineering survey and drilling construction, characterized by: The invention comprises a bottom plate (1) and a top plate (2), wherein the bottom plate (1) and the top plate (2) are connected via a support rod (3), a reversing motor (4) is installed on the top plate (2), a connecting box (8) is installed at the bottom of the top plate (2), the reversing motor (4) is connected to a spiral rod (5) via a transmission shaft (7), one end of the spiral rod (5) is located inside the connecting box (8) and is slidably installed, a spring (24) is installed in the connecting box (8), and the connecting box (8) is connected to the spiral rod (5) via the spring (24); A short gear ring (15) is installed on the transmission shaft (7), a transmission groove (12) is provided inside the spiral rod (5), a long gear sleeve (14) is installed in the transmission groove (12), the short gear ring (15) is meshed with the long gear sleeve (14), a push-type connected transmission box (16) is installed inside the transmission groove (12), one end of the transmission box (16) is connected to the impact drill bit (6) through a reciprocating screw rod (17), the reciprocating screw rod (17) is slidably installed in the spiral rod (5), and the other end of the transmission box (16) is connected to the transmission shaft (7); A slide groove (9) and a lifting groove (10) are provided in the screw rod (5); the transmission box (16) is connected to the limit block (18) via the reciprocating screw rod (17); the limit block (18) is connected to the impact drill bit (6) via the connecting rod (19); the reciprocating screw rod (17) and the connecting rod (19) are located in the slide groove (9) and slide; the limit block (18) is located in the lifting groove (10) and slides; A transmission collar (20) is installed on the transmission shaft (7), a transmission block (21) is installed inside the transmission box (16), and the transmission collar (20) and the transmission block (21) are in transmission cooperation; A push-to-open electromagnetic suction cup (22) is installed at the bottom of the transmission box (16), and the electromagnetic suction cup (22) adsorbs the transmission shaft (7); When drilling a hole in the soil layer, the reversing motor (4) is running, and the reversing motor (4) drives the screw rod (5) to rotate synchronously forward through the transmission shaft (7). At this time, the transmission block (21) in the transmission box (16) and the transmission collar (20) on the transmission shaft (7) are in a separated state, and the soil layer is quickly drilled through the screw rod (5); When drilling a hole in a rock formation, the drilling resistance increases and gradually becomes greater than the elastic preload of the spring (24), and the impact drill bit (6) and the spiral rod (5) compress the spring (24). At this time, one end of the spiral rod (5) moves toward the inside of the connecting box (8), thereby increasing the connection strength between the spiral rod (5) and the connecting box (8); as the spring (24) is compressed, the transmission block (21) inside the transmission box (16) cooperates with the transmission collar (20) on the transmission shaft (7). At this time, the reversing motor (4) controls the transmission shaft (7) to rotate in the opposite direction. On the one hand, the transmission shaft (7) drives the reciprocating screw rod (17) to rotate through the transmission box (16), and the rotation of the transmission box (16) drives the impact drill bit (6) on the limit block (18) to move back and forth to impact the rock formation. On the other hand, the transmission shaft (7) drives the spiral rod (5) to reverse through the short gear ring (15), and the rock blocks crushed by the impact drill bit (6) are transported upward through the reverse rotation of the spiral rod (5).

2. The drilling bit for soil layer engineering survey and drilling construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit plate (23) is installed on the reciprocating screw (17), and the limit plate (23) is located inside the limit block (18) and slides, and the reciprocating screw (17) and the limit block (18) are transmission-coordinated.

3. The drilling bit for soil layer engineering survey and drilling construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring (24) is connected to the spiral rod (5) via a bearing (13).

4. The drilling bit for soil layer engineering survey and drilling construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure sensor is installed on the electromagnetic chuck (22), and the opening and closing of the electromagnetic chuck (22) is controlled by the pressure sensor.

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