Hydraulic shock absorber, suspension system and vehicle

Abstract

The present application relates to a hydraulic shock absorber, a suspension system, and a vehicle, which includes: an inner cylinder, a piston rod mounted on the inner cylinder, and hydraulic oil is filled between the inner cylinder and the piston rod; a first outer cylinder is coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of one end of the inner cylinder, and a first chamber is formed between the inner cylinder and the first outer cylinder, and the piston rod extends to the outside of the first outer cylinder; a second outer cylinder is coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of the other end of the inner cylinder, and a second chamber is formed between the inner cylinder and the second outer cylinder; an oil guide and heat dissipation component, the oil guide and heat dissipation component is connected to the first chamber and the second chamber; a three-way valve, the three-way valve is mounted in the second chamber, the oil inlet and outlet of the three-way valve are connected to the inner cylinder, the one-way oil outlet of the three-way valve is connected to the second chamber, and the one-way oil inlet of the three-way valve is connected to the first chamber via an oil pipeline. The hydraulic oil dissipates heat to the external environment during flow, preventing the hydraulic oil from failing due to high temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of shock absorbers, and in particular to a hydraulic shock absorber, a suspension system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The suspension system and shock absorbers are two important yet distinct components of the vehicle chassis, working together to ensure a smooth and comfortable ride. The suspension system connects the vehicle body to the tires and is primarily composed of springs, guide mechanisms, and other components. The suspension system not only supports the vehicle's weight but also transmits forces and torques between the wheels and the road, controlling wheel motion and ensuring vehicle handling stability and a smooth ride. Suspension systems can be categorized as either non-independent or independent, with independent suspension providing greater wheel independence and road surface adaptability. Shock absorbers are a crucial component of the suspension system, their primary function being to absorb and dampen vehicle vibrations and impacts caused by road irregularities, allowing the vehicle to quickly return to a stable state. The operating condition of the shock absorbers directly impacts the vehicle's ride stability and the service life of other components.

[0003] In related technologies, hydraulic shock absorbers usually dissipate heat naturally without additional heat dissipation measures. Therefore, when hydraulic shock absorbers vibrate frequently under harsh working conditions, they will quickly accumulate internal energy and generate heat. When the heat dissipation conditions are poor, they may even fail due to high temperature. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a hydraulic shock absorber, a suspension system and a vehicle, which can solve the technical problem that traditional hydraulic shock absorbers usually dissipate heat naturally without additional heat dissipation measures.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a hydraulic shock absorber, comprising:

[0006] An inner cylinder, wherein a piston rod is mounted on the inner cylinder, and hydraulic oil is filled between the inner cylinder and the piston rod. A first outer cylinder is coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of one end of the inner cylinder, and a first chamber is formed between the inner cylinder and the first outer cylinder, and the piston rod extends to the outside of the first outer cylinder. A second outer cylinder is coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of the other end of the inner cylinder, and a second chamber is formed between the inner cylinder and the second outer cylinder;

[0007] an oil-conducting and heat-dissipating assembly, the oil-conducting and heat-dissipating assembly being in communication with the first chamber and the second chamber;

[0008] A three-way valve is installed in the second chamber, the oil inlet and outlet of the three-way valve are connected to the inner cylinder, the one-way oil outlet of the three-way valve is connected to the second chamber communication pipe, and the one-way oil inlet of the three-way valve is connected to the first chamber through the oil pipeline.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the oil-conducting and heat-dissipating assembly includes:

[0010] a plurality of oil guide pipes, the plurality of oil guide pipes being circumferentially spaced and distributed on the outer wall of the inner cylinder, one end of the oil guide pipe being connected to the first chamber, and the other end thereof being connected to the second chamber;

[0011] A plurality of heat sinks are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the oil guide pipes and are sleeved on the outer walls of the plurality of oil guide pipes.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the oil guide pipe is arranged in a curved wave shape.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the oil-conducting and heat-dissipating assembly further includes:

[0014] A heat dissipation fan is installed on the plurality of heat dissipation fins.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, one end of the second outer cylinder is sleeved and sealed on the outer wall of the other end of the inner cylinder, and a limiting ring is coaxially fixed to the inner bottom wall of the second outer cylinder;

[0016] The three-way valve is installed in the limiting ring, the other end surface of the inner cylinder is arranged on the top surface of the three-way valve, and the other end surface of the inner cylinder is provided with a first through hole, the oil inlet and outlet ports are provided on the top surface of the three-way valve and are connected to the first through hole;

[0017] The side wall of the limiting ring is provided with a second through hole and a third through hole, the one-way oil outlet is connected to the second through hole, and the oil pipeline sequentially passes through the second outer cylinder and the third through hole and is connected to the one-way oil inlet.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the three-way valve includes:

[0019] A three-way valve body, wherein the first end port of the three-way valve body is provided with the oil inlet and outlet ports, the second end port of the three-way valve body is provided with a first control valve to form the one-way oil outlet, and the third end port of the three-way valve body is provided with a second control valve to form the one-way oil inlet.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the three-way valve includes:

[0021] A three-way valve body, wherein the first end port of the three-way valve body is provided with the oil inlet and outlet ports, the second end port of the three-way valve body is provided with a first one-way diaphragm valve disc to form the one-way oil outlet, the first one-way diaphragm valve disc is opened outward by the positive pressure inside the three-way valve body itself, the third end port of the three-way valve body is provided with a second one-way diaphragm valve disc to form the one-way oil inlet, the second one-way diaphragm valve disc is opened inward by the negative pressure inside the three-way valve body itself.

[0022] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, a first lifting lug is fixed to one end of the piston rod away from the inner tube, and a second lifting lug is fixed to one end of the second outer tube away from the inner tube.

[0023] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a suspension system, which includes the hydraulic shock absorber as described in some of the above embodiments, and also includes: a frame and a spring, wherein the hydraulic shock absorber is installed between the frame and the spring.

[0024] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle comprising a suspension system as described in some of the above embodiments.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application include:

[0026] When the piston rod compresses inward, it squeezes the hydraulic oil in the inner cylinder, increasing its pressure. High-pressure hydraulic oil enters the three-way valve through its inlet and outlet ports. Because the valve's one-way outlet is connected to the second chamber, the hydraulic oil is pushed into the second chamber. As the hydraulic oil flows within the second chamber, it passes through an oil-dissipating heat sink. This design helps the hydraulic oil dissipate heat to the surrounding environment, thereby lowering its temperature. After dissipating heat, the hydraulic oil is then transferred to the first chamber, ready for the next compression cycle. When the piston rod extends outward, negative pressure is generated within the inner cylinder, necessitating replenishment of hydraulic oil. The hydraulic oil in the first chamber is then transferred through an oil pipeline to the one-way inlet port of the three-way valve. Because the one-way inlet port only allows oil to flow from the first chamber into the three-way valve, the hydraulic oil is drawn into the valve. Since the valve's inlet and outlet ports are connected to the inner cylinder, the hydraulic oil drawn into the valve is returned through the inlet and outlet ports to the inner cylinder, replenishing the negative pressure created by the piston rod extension. The design of the oil-guiding and heat-dissipating assembly effectively dissipates heat to the external environment during hydraulic oil flow, preventing hydraulic oil failure due to high temperatures. The hydraulic oil's circulation and the control of the three-way valve ensure that the shock absorber maintains stable damping performance regardless of piston rod compression or extension. Through its rational structural design and controlled hydraulic oil flow, this hydraulic shock absorber improves its stability and reliability in harsh operating conditions, extending its service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the hydraulic shock absorber;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the connection between the inner cylinder, the second outer cylinder and the three-way valve.

[0030] In the figure: 1. Inner tube; 11. First through hole; 2. Piston rod; 3. First outer tube; 31. First chamber; 4. Second outer tube; 41. Second chamber; 42. Limiting ring; 421. Second through hole; 422. Third through hole; 5. Oil guide and heat dissipation assembly; 51. Oil guide pipe; 52. Heat sink; 6. Three-way valve; 61. Oil inlet and outlet; 62. One-way oil outlet; 63. One-way oil inlet; 64. Three-way valve body; 65. First one-way diaphragm valve disc; 66. Second one-way diaphragm valve disc; 7. Oil pipeline; 8. First lifting ear; 9. Second lifting ear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] The embodiments of the present application provide a hydraulic shock absorber, a suspension system, and a vehicle, which can solve the technical problem that traditional hydraulic shock absorbers usually dissipate heat naturally without additional heat dissipation measures.

[0033] First, as Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a hydraulic shock absorber, which includes: an inner cylinder 1, on which a piston rod 2 is installed, and hydraulic oil is filled between the inner cylinder 1 and the piston rod 2, a first outer cylinder 3 is coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of one end of the inner cylinder 1, and a first chamber 31 is formed between the first outer cylinder 3, and the piston rod 2 passes through the outside of the first outer cylinder 3, and a second outer cylinder 4 is coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of the other end of the inner cylinder 1, and a second chamber 41 is formed between the second outer cylinder 4; an oil guiding and heat dissipation component 5, which is connected to the first chamber 31 and the second chamber 41; a three-way valve 6, which is installed in the second chamber 41, the oil inlet and outlet 61 of the three-way valve 6 is connected to the inner cylinder 1, the one-way oil outlet 62 of the three-way valve 6 is connected to the second chamber 41, and the one-way oil inlet 63 of the three-way valve 6 is connected to the first chamber 31 via an oil pipeline 7.

[0034] In this embodiment, the inner cylinder 1 is the core of the hydraulic shock absorber. A piston rod 2 is mounted inside, and the space between the inner cylinder and the piston rod is filled with hydraulic oil. The piston rod 2 extends through the inner cylinder 1 and outward, transmitting force and absorbing shock. A first outer cylinder 3 is coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of one end of the inner cylinder 1, forming a first chamber 31 with the inner cylinder 1. A second outer cylinder 4 is coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of the other end of the inner cylinder 1, forming a second chamber 41 with the inner cylinder 1. The oil guide and heat dissipation assembly 5 connects the first chamber 31 and the second chamber 41, balancing the oil pressure between the two chambers while also dissipating heat and maintaining stable hydraulic oil performance. A three-way valve 6 is mounted within the second chamber 41 and has three oil ports: an inlet and outlet 61, a one-way outlet 62, and a one-way inlet 63. The inlet and outlet 61 communicate with the inner cylinder 1, allowing hydraulic oil to flow freely between them. The one-way outlet 62 communicates with the second chamber 41, allowing hydraulic oil to flow only from the three-way valve 6 to the second chamber 41. One-way oil inlet 63 communicates with the first chamber 31 via oil pipeline 7, allowing hydraulic oil to flow only from the first chamber 31 to the three-way valve 6. Oil pipeline 7 connects the first chamber 31 and the one-way oil inlet 63 of the three-way valve 6, and is used to transfer the hydraulic oil in the first chamber 31 to the three-way valve 6. In summary, this hydraulic shock absorber achieves a balanced flow and pressure of hydraulic oil through the ingenious design of the inner cylinder, outer cylinder, piston rod, oil guide and heat dissipation assembly, three-way valve, and oil pipeline, thereby achieving a shock-absorbing effect. Furthermore, the oil guide and heat dissipation assembly helps maintain the stable performance and heat dissipation function of the hydraulic oil, thereby improving the service life and reliability of the shock absorber.

[0035] The coaxial arrangement of the inner cylinder 1, first outer cylinder 3, and second outer cylinder 4 ensures the structural stability of the entire hydraulic shock absorber during operation, preventing loosening or damage due to vibration. This coaxial arrangement facilitates smoother flow of hydraulic oil within the chambers (first chamber 31 and second chamber 41) formed between the inner cylinder 1 and outer cylinders (first outer cylinder 3 and second outer cylinder 4), thereby enhancing the vibration damping effect. This coaxial design facilitates installation and removal of the various components of the hydraulic shock absorber, facilitating subsequent maintenance and servicing.

[0036] Specifically, when the piston rod 2 is compressed inward, it squeezes the hydraulic oil in the inner cylinder 1, causing the hydraulic oil pressure to increase. The high-pressure hydraulic oil enters the interior of the three-way valve 6 through the oil inlet and outlet ports 61 of the three-way valve 6. Since the one-way oil outlet 62 of the three-way valve 6 is connected to the second chamber 41, the hydraulic oil is pushed into the second chamber 41. When the hydraulic oil flows in the second chamber 41, it passes through the oil guide and heat dissipation component 5. The design of the oil guide and heat dissipation component 5 helps the hydraulic oil dissipate heat to the external environment during the flow process, thereby reducing the temperature of the hydraulic oil. The hydraulic oil after heat dissipation is transported to the first chamber 31, ready for the next compression process. When the piston rod 2 extends outward, negative pressure is generated in the inner cylinder 1, and the hydraulic oil needs to be replenished. The hydraulic oil in the first chamber 31 is transported to the one-way oil inlet 63 of the three-way valve 6 through the oil pipeline 7. Since the one-way oil inlet 63 only allows the hydraulic oil to flow from the first chamber 31 to the three-way valve 6, the hydraulic oil is sucked into the three-way valve 6. The inlet and outlet oil ports 61 of the three-way valve 6 are connected to the inner tube 1. Therefore, the hydraulic oil sucked into the three-way valve 6 is transported back to the inner tube 1 through the inlet and outlet oil ports 61, replenishing the negative pressure space generated by the extension of the piston rod 2. Through the design of the oil guide and heat dissipation component 5, the hydraulic oil can effectively dissipate heat to the external environment during the flow process, preventing the hydraulic oil from failing due to high temperature. The circulation of the hydraulic oil and the control of the three-way valve 6 enable the shock absorber to maintain stable shock absorption performance regardless of whether the piston rod 2 is compressed or extended. Through reasonable structural design and hydraulic oil flow control, the hydraulic shock absorber improves its stability and reliability under harsh working conditions and extends its service life.

[0037] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the oil-conducting and heat-dissipating assembly 5 includes: a plurality of oil-conducting pipes 51, which are circumferentially spaced apart on the outer wall of the inner tube 1, and one end of the oil-conducting pipe 51 is connected to the first chamber 31, and the other end thereof is connected to the second chamber 41; a plurality of heat-dissipating fins 52, which are spaced apart along the length direction of the oil-conducting pipe 51 and are all sleeved on the outer walls of the plurality of oil-conducting pipes 51.

[0038] In this embodiment, multiple oil conduits 51 are circumferentially spaced along the outer wall of the inner tube 1, ensuring uniform flow of hydraulic oil from the first chamber 31 to the second chamber 41. One end of the oil conduit 51 connects to the first chamber 31, and the other end connects to the second chamber 41, forming a channel for the hydraulic oil to flow. Multiple heat sinks 52 are spaced along the length of the oil conduit 51 and sleeved onto its outer wall. The main function of the heat sinks is to increase the contact area with the surrounding air, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency and helping to dissipate heat during the flow of the hydraulic oil, maintaining stable performance. As the hydraulic oil flows between the inner tube 1 and the first and second outer tubes 3 and 4, it flows from the second chamber 41 to the first chamber 31 through the oil conduit 51, then from the first chamber 31 to the oil pipeline 7 and on to the second chamber 41. During this flow, the hydraulic oil comes into contact with the heat sinks 52 on the outer wall of the oil conduit 51, transferring heat to the heat sinks 52. Due to its large surface area, the heat sink 52 can effectively dissipate heat into the surrounding air, thereby reducing the temperature of the hydraulic oil and maintaining its stable performance.

[0039] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the oil guide pipe 51 is arranged in a curved wave shape.

[0040] In this embodiment, the wavy, curved oil conduit 51 increases the length of the hydraulic oil's flow path, allowing the hydraulic oil to more fully contact the heat sink 52 during flow, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency. This wavy design allows the oil conduit 51 to better resist deformation and breakage when subjected to vibration or external forces, thereby enhancing the structural strength of the oil-conducting and heat-dissipating assembly 5. By rationally designing the shape and size of the curved waves, the hydraulic oil flows more smoothly through the oil conduit 51, reducing flow resistance and thereby improving the response speed and shock absorption effect of the hydraulic shock absorber. The wavy, curved oil conduit 51 better adapts to the spatial layout of the outer wall of the inner cylinder 1, making the oil-conducting and heat-dissipating assembly 5 more compact and aesthetically pleasing overall. As the hydraulic oil flows through the wavy, curved oil conduit 51, it follows a curved path and fully contacts the heat sink 52, transferring heat to the fins. The heat sink 52 dissipates heat into the surrounding air, lowering the hydraulic oil's temperature and maintaining stable performance. The curved wavy oil guide pipe 51 can also play a certain damping role, absorb part of the vibration energy, and further improve the shock absorption effect of the hydraulic shock absorber.

[0041] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the oil-conducting and heat-dissipating assembly 5 further includes: a heat-dissipating fan, which is installed on the plurality of heat-dissipating fins 52 .

[0042] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the first aspect, the addition of a cooling fan achieves active heat dissipation, compared to passive heat dissipation methods that rely solely on natural convection and radiation. This allows for faster and more efficient heat removal from the heat sink 52, thereby reducing the temperature of the hydraulic oil. The airflow generated by the cooling fan can directly blow over the heat sink 52, increasing the heat exchange coefficient between the heat sink and the surrounding air and significantly improving heat dissipation efficiency. When the hydraulic shock absorber's operating environment is high or the hydraulic oil load is heavy, the active heat dissipation provided by the cooling fan ensures that the hydraulic oil temperature remains within a safe range, preventing performance degradation or damage due to overheating. The cooling fan's speed and operating time can be intelligently adjusted based on the actual hydraulic oil temperature and operating environment, achieving more precise heat dissipation control and optimizing energy consumption. When the hydraulic oil flows through the oil conduit 51 and contacts the heat sink 52, heat is transferred to the fins. When the cooling fan is activated, the airflow generated directly blows over the heat sink 52, removing the heat and dissipating it into the surrounding air. Through an intelligent control system, the cooling fan's speed and operating time can be adjusted based on the hydraulic oil temperature and operating environment to achieve an optimal balance between heat dissipation and energy consumption. A temperature sensor monitors the hydraulic oil temperature in real time, serving as the primary basis for adjusting the cooling fan speed. This sensor identifies the hydraulic shock absorber's operating environment, such as load level and ambient temperature, to assist in adjusting the cooling strategy. When the hydraulic oil temperature is low, the cooling fan operates at a low speed or stops to conserve energy. When the hydraulic oil temperature rises to a preset threshold, the cooling fan speed gradually increases to enhance cooling. In harsh operating environments, such as high temperatures and heavy loads, the cooling fan operates at full speed to ensure a stable hydraulic oil temperature.

[0043] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, one end of the second outer cylinder 4 is sleeved and sealed on the outer wall of the other end of the inner cylinder 1, and a limiting ring 42 is coaxially fixed to the inner bottom wall of the second outer cylinder 4; the three-way valve 6 is installed in the limiting ring 42, and the other end face of the inner cylinder 1 is arranged on the top surface of the three-way valve 6, and the other end face of the inner cylinder 1 is provided with a first through hole 11, and the oil inlet and outlet ports 61 are provided on the top surface of the three-way valve 6 and are connected with the first through hole 11; a second through hole 421 and a third through hole 422 are provided on the side wall of the limiting ring 42, and the one-way oil outlet port 62 is connected with the second through hole 421, and the oil pipeline 7 passes through the second outer cylinder 4 and the third through hole 422 in sequence and is connected with the one-way oil inlet port 63.

[0044] In this embodiment, one end of the second outer cylinder 4 is sealed against the outer wall of the other end of the inner cylinder 1, ensuring the hydraulic shock absorber's tightness and preventing hydraulic oil leakage. A limit ring 42 is coaxially fixed to the inner bottom wall of the second outer cylinder 4, restricting and securing the position of the three-way valve 6 to prevent movement or deflection during operation. The three-way valve 6 is mounted within the limit ring 42, with its top surface contacting the other end of the inner cylinder 1 and connected to the oil inlet and outlet 61 through the first through-hole 11. This design allows for smooth flow of hydraulic oil between the inner cylinder 1 and the three-way valve 6. The sidewall of the limit ring 42 is provided with a second through-hole 421 and a third through-hole 422, respectively connecting the one-way oil outlet 62 to the oil pipeline 7. This design provides a clearer and smoother flow path for the hydraulic oil. When the piston rod extends, generating negative pressure within the inner cylinder 1, the hydraulic oil enters the one-way oil inlet 63 through the oil pipeline 7, then passes through the third through-hole 422 and enters the space between the limit ring 42 and the three-way valve 6. Hydraulic oil then enters inner cylinder 1 through oil inlet and outlet 61 and first through-hole 11, exerting pressure on the piston within inner cylinder 1, thereby driving it to extend. When the piston rod contracts, generating positive pressure within inner cylinder 1, the hydraulic oil flows out through one-way oil outlet 62 and second through-hole 421, passing through oil guide and heat dissipation assembly 5 and returning to first chamber 31, completing a damping cycle.

[0045] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the three-way valve 6 includes: a three-way valve body 64, the first end port of the three-way valve body 64 is opened with the oil inlet and outlet ports 61, the second end port of the three-way valve body 64 is installed with a first control valve to form the one-way oil outlet 62, and the third end port of the three-way valve body 64 is installed with a second control valve to form the one-way oil inlet 63.

[0046] In this embodiment, the three-way valve body 64 is the main body of the three-way valve 6 and has three ports for connecting to different oil circuits. The inlet and outlet ports 61 are located at the first end of the three-way valve body 64 and communicate with the first through-hole 11 of the inner cylinder 1, allowing bidirectional flow of hydraulic oil between the inner cylinder 1 and the three-way valve 6. The one-way oil outlet 62 is formed by a first control valve installed at the second end of the three-way valve body 64. The first control valve allows hydraulic oil to flow from the three-way valve 6 to the external oil circuit, but prevents hydraulic oil from the external oil circuit from flowing back into the three-way valve 6. The one-way oil inlet 63 is formed by a second control valve installed at the third end of the three-way valve body 64. The second control valve allows hydraulic oil to flow from the external oil circuit to the three-way valve 6, but prevents hydraulic oil from the three-way valve 6 from flowing back into the external oil circuit. When the piston rod extends, generating negative pressure within the inner cylinder 1, hydraulic oil enters the one-way oil inlet 63 through the oil pipeline 7. Due to the action of the second control valve, the hydraulic oil can only flow into the three-way valve body 64 in one direction. The hydraulic oil then flows through the internal passage of the three-way valve body 64 to the oil inlet and outlet 61 and into the inner cylinder 1, generating pressure on the piston in the inner cylinder 1 and driving the piston to extend. When the piston rod contracts and positive pressure is generated in the inner cylinder 1, the hydraulic oil enters the oil inlet and outlet 61 through the first through hole 11. Due to the action of the first control valve, the hydraulic oil can only flow into the second chamber 41 in one direction, returning to the first chamber 31 through the oil guide and heat dissipation component 5, completing a shock absorption cycle. The first control valve and the second control valve respectively control the flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the one-way oil outlet 62 and the one-way oil inlet 63, ensuring that the hydraulic oil flows along the predetermined path and direction during the shock absorption process, thereby achieving a shock absorption effect.

[0047] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the three-way valve 6 includes: a three-way valve body 64, a first end port of the three-way valve body 64 is provided with the oil inlet and outlet ports 61, a second end port of the three-way valve body 64 is provided with a first one-way diaphragm valve disc 65 to form the one-way oil outlet port 62, the first one-way diaphragm valve disc 65 is opened outward by the positive pressure inside the three-way valve body 64 itself, a second one-way diaphragm valve disc 66 is installed in the third end port of the three-way valve body 64 to form the one-way oil inlet port 63, the second one-way diaphragm valve disc 66 is opened inward by the negative pressure inside the three-way valve body 64 itself.

[0048] In this embodiment, the three-way valve body 64 is the main body of the three-way valve 6 and has three ports, each for connecting to a different oil circuit. The oil inlet and outlet ports 61 are located at the first end of the three-way valve body 64 and communicate with the first through-hole 11 of the inner cylinder 1, allowing hydraulic oil to flow in both directions between the inner cylinder 1 and the three-way valve 6. The one-way oil outlet port 62 is formed by a first one-way diaphragm valve disc 65 mounted at the second end of the three-way valve body 64. The first one-way diaphragm valve disc 65 is a valve disc that can only open in one direction. It opens outward in response to positive pressure within the three-way valve body 64 (i.e., the pressure of hydraulic oil flowing from the inside of the three-way valve body 64 to the outside), allowing hydraulic oil to flow from the three-way valve 6 to the external oil circuit while preventing hydraulic oil from flowing back into the three-way valve 6. The one-way oil inlet port 63 is formed by a second one-way diaphragm valve disc 66 mounted at the third end of the three-way valve body 64. The second one-way diaphragm valve disc 66 is also a valve disc that can only be opened in one direction, but it opens inward through the negative pressure inside the three-way valve body 64 itself (that is, the pressure of the external oil circuit flowing into the interior of the three-way valve body 64, which is a "negative" pressure relative to the interior of the three-way valve body 64 because it is the external pressure that pushes the valve disc inward to open), allowing hydraulic oil to flow from the external oil circuit to the three-way valve 6, but preventing the hydraulic oil in the three-way valve 6 from flowing back to the external oil circuit.

[0049] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a first lifting ear 8 is fixed to the end of the piston rod 2 away from the inner tube 1 , and a second lifting ear 9 is fixed to the end of the second outer tube 4 away from the inner tube 1 .

[0050] In this embodiment, the piston rod 2 is an important component of the hydraulic shock absorber. One end of the piston rod 2 is connected to the piston in the inner cylinder 1, and the other end extends out of the inner cylinder 1 and is fixed with a first lifting lug 8. The first lifting lug 8 is a component used for connection and fixing, and is usually used to connect the hydraulic shock absorber to other structures (such as the frame or suspension system). Through the first lifting lug 8, the hydraulic shock absorber can be stably mounted on the vehicle and withstand the forces and vibrations generated during the shock absorption process. The second outer cylinder 4 is another important component of the hydraulic shock absorber. It is mounted on the outside of the inner cylinder 1 and forms a sealed hydraulic oil chamber between the inner cylinder 1. A second lifting lug 9 is fixed to the end of the second outer cylinder 4 away from the inner cylinder 1. Similar to the first lifting lug 8, the second lifting lug 9 is also used for connection and fixing, and is usually connected to other structures of the vehicle to ensure the stability and reliability of the hydraulic shock absorber during operation.

[0051] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a suspension system, which includes the hydraulic shock absorber mentioned in some embodiments described above, and also includes: a frame and a spring, wherein the hydraulic shock absorber is installed between the frame and the spring.

[0052] In this embodiment, the hydraulic shock absorber is a core component of the suspension system. Its structure and function have been described in detail in the previous embodiments. It primarily absorbs and dissipates vibrations and shocks generated during vehicle travel through the flow of hydraulic oil, thereby improving the vehicle's driving stability and ride comfort. The vehicle frame is the backbone of the vehicle, supporting the majority of its weight and enduring various forces and vibrations from the road. In the suspension system, the frame serves as the mounting base for the hydraulic shock absorber, ensuring its stable attachment to the vehicle. The spring is another important component in the suspension system, primarily providing cushioning and shock absorption. When the vehicle travels on uneven surfaces, the spring absorbs and mitigates road impacts, protecting the vehicle and passengers from severe vibrations. Furthermore, the spring works in conjunction with the hydraulic shock absorber to enhance vehicle driving stability and ride comfort. When the vehicle travels on uneven surfaces, the up and down movement of the wheels is transmitted through the suspension system to the frame and springs. The spring first absorbs some of the vibration energy and converts it into deformation energy. At the same time, when the piston in the hydraulic shock absorber is subjected to vibration, it drives the piston rod to move up and down, thereby changing the volume of the hydraulic oil chamber between the inner cylinder and the second outer cylinder, generating pressure changes. Under the action of pressure, the hydraulic oil flows through the inlet and outlet ports, one-way oil outlet port, and one-way oil inlet port of the three-way valve, further absorbing and dissipating vibration energy. Through the coordinated work of the frame, springs, and hydraulic shock absorbers, the suspension system can effectively absorb and alleviate road impacts, ensuring the vehicle's driving stability and ride comfort. The suspension system provided in the embodiments of the present application achieves effective absorption of vehicle vibrations and heat dissipation of hydraulic oil through a clever structural design (particularly the combined use of the frame, springs, and hydraulic shock absorbers). This design not only improves the vehicle's driving stability and ride comfort, but also extends the vehicle's service life. At the same time, due to the easy installation and maintenance characteristics of the suspension system, it also makes vehicle repair and maintenance more convenient and quick.

[0053] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle comprising the suspension system as described above.

[0054] In this embodiment, the key to the vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present application lies in the suspension system it is equipped with, which has a significant impact on the comfort, handling, durability, safety and cost-effectiveness of the vehicle. The suspension system can effectively absorb vibrations caused by uneven road surfaces, providing a smooth experience for the driver and passengers. It ensures that the vehicle has good lateral support when turning, maintains vehicle body stability, and provides precise steering response. The suspension components can withstand long-term use and various harsh road conditions, maintaining long-term stable performance. In emergency situations, such as emergency avoidance or braking, the suspension system can ensure vehicle stability and prevent loss of control. The design of the suspension system balances performance and cost, ensuring good cost-effectiveness while meeting performance requirements.

[0055] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0057] The foregoing is merely a list of specific embodiments of the present application, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydraulic shock absorber, characterized in that: It includes: An inner cylinder (1), wherein a piston rod (2) is installed on the inner cylinder (1), and hydraulic oil is filled between the inner cylinder (1) and the piston rod (2), a first outer cylinder (3) is coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of one end of the inner cylinder (1), and a first chamber (31) is formed between the inner cylinder (1) and the first outer cylinder (3), and the piston rod (2) passes through the outside of the first outer cylinder (3), and a second outer cylinder (4) is coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of the other end of the inner cylinder (1), and a second chamber (41) is formed between the inner cylinder (1) and the second outer cylinder (4); an oil-conducting and heat-dissipating assembly (5), the oil-conducting and heat-dissipating assembly (5) being in communication with the first chamber (31) and the second chamber (41); A three-way valve (6) is installed in the second chamber (41), the oil inlet and outlet ports (61) of the three-way valve (6) are connected to the inner cylinder (1), the one-way oil outlet port (62) of the three-way valve (6) is connected to the second chamber (41) through a communication pipe, and the one-way oil inlet port (63) of the three-way valve (6) is connected to the first chamber (31) through an oil pipeline (7).

2. The hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein: The oil-conducting and heat-dissipating component (5) comprises: a plurality of oil guide pipes (51), the plurality of oil guide pipes (51) being distributed circumferentially and spaced apart on the outer wall of the inner cylinder (1), one end of the oil guide pipe (51) being in communication with the first chamber (31), and the other end thereof being in communication with the second chamber (41); A plurality of heat sinks (52) are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the oil guide tubes (51) and are sleeved on the outer walls of the plurality of oil guide tubes (51).

3. The hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 2, wherein: The oil guide pipe (51) is arranged in a curved wave shape.

4. The hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 2, wherein: The oil-conducting and heat-dissipating component (5) further comprises: A heat dissipation fan is installed on the plurality of heat dissipation fins (52).

5. The hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein: One end of the second outer cylinder (4) is sleeved and sealed on the outer wall of the other end of the inner cylinder (1), and a limiting ring (42) is coaxially fixed to the inner bottom wall of the second outer cylinder (4); The three-way valve (6) is installed in the limiting ring (42), the other end surface of the inner cylinder (1) is arranged on the top surface of the three-way valve (6), and the other end surface of the inner cylinder (1) is provided with a first through hole (11), and the oil inlet and outlet ports (61) are provided on the top surface of the three-way valve (6) and communicate with the first through hole (11); A second through hole (421) and a third through hole (422) are provided on the side wall of the limiting ring (42); the one-way oil outlet (62) is connected to the second through hole (421); and the oil delivery pipeline (7) passes through the second outer cylinder (4) and the third through hole (422) in sequence and is connected to the one-way oil inlet (63).

6. The hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein: The three-way valve (6) comprises: A three-way valve body (64) is provided with the oil inlet and outlet ports (61) at a first end of the three-way valve body (64), a first control valve is installed at a second end of the three-way valve body (64) to form the one-way oil outlet port (62), and a second control valve is installed at a third end of the three-way valve body (64) to form the one-way oil inlet port (63).

7. The hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein: The three-way valve (6) comprises: A three-way valve body (64) is provided with the oil inlet and outlet ports (61) at the first end of the three-way valve body (64), a first one-way diaphragm valve disc (65) is installed at the second end of the three-way valve body (64) to form the one-way oil outlet port (62), the first one-way diaphragm valve disc (65) is opened outward by the positive pressure inside the three-way valve body (64), and a second one-way diaphragm valve disc (66) is installed in the third end of the three-way valve body (64) to form the one-way oil inlet port (63), the second one-way diaphragm valve disc (66) is opened inward by the negative pressure inside the three-way valve body (64).

8. The hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein: A first lifting lug (8) is fixed to the end of the piston rod (2) away from the inner cylinder (1), and a second lifting lug (9) is fixed to the end of the second outer cylinder (4) away from the inner cylinder (1).

9. A suspension system, characterized in that: It comprises the hydraulic shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and further comprises: a vehicle frame and a spring, wherein the hydraulic shock absorber is installed between the vehicle frame and the spring.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a suspension system as claimed in claim 9.

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