Device for detecting performance of optical suite of metal LPBF equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for detecting the performance of an optical suite of metal LPBF equipment, and relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, the device comprises a main body unit, an observation unit arranged above the main body unit, a generation unit and a control unit which are arranged on the surface of the main body unit, and a cooling unit arranged in the main body unit; the generating unit comprises an industrial personal computer and a laser which are installed on the main body unit, and a test box arranged on the main body unit. According to the device for detecting the performance of the optical suite of the metal LPBF equipment, through the arrangement of the observation unit and the generation unit, rapid calibration of an optical path system is achieved, and the detection precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular to a device for detecting the performance of an optical kit of a metal LPBF device. Background Art

[0002] Metal 3D printing is an advanced manufacturing technology that uses metal powders, wires, etc. as raw materials to form components through layer-by-layer deposition. Compared with traditional metal subtractive processes, additive manufacturing can quickly form parts with complex structures in an integrated manner, and the forming cycle is shorter. In recent years, it has become a research hotspot in the field of metal material processing and has been widely used in aviation, automobile, medical and other industries, especially in the customized manufacturing of high-end complex structural parts.

[0003] At present, laser powder bed melting is a typical metal additive manufacturing process that is widely used. Laser powder bed melting uses a high-energy beam to irradiate the powder bed, quickly melt the metal powder and quickly cool and solidify it, and form dense metal parts by melting layer by layer. The LPBF process has a high cooling rate and a large temperature gradient. Accompanied by a thermal cycle process of rapid cooling and heating, it can form a fine cellular crystal / dendrite structure with higher strength than traditional casting; the powder bed laser melting equipment is composed of an optical path system, a powder laying module, a software control system, etc. The optical path system is an important component of the SLM equipment, which mainly completes the scanning and melting of metal powder. The quality of the laser and the scanning accuracy will directly affect the molding quality of the parts.

[0004] The optical system mainly includes laser, beam expander, galvanometer, field mirror, water cooling system, etc. Before the powder bed laser melting equipment is formed, the testing and calibration of the optical system becomes a top priority. To this end, we propose a device for detecting the performance of the optical kit of metal 3D printing equipment in view of the calibration problem of the optical system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for detecting the performance of an optical kit of a metal LPBF device, which can effectively solve the calibration problem of the optical system of a device for detecting the performance of an optical kit of a metal LPBF device in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a device for detecting the performance of an optical kit of a metal LPBF device, comprising a main unit, an observation unit arranged above the main unit, a generating unit and a control unit arranged on the surface of the main unit, and a cooling unit arranged inside the main unit; The generating unit includes an industrial computer and a laser installed on the main unit, and a test box arranged on the main unit; The observation unit includes a leveling base installed on the top of the main unit, a disc spring opened on the bottom wall of the leveling base, two dichroic mirror fixtures and a galvanometer installed on the top of the leveling base, a collimating mirror fixture opened on the side wall of one of the dichroic mirror fixtures, a collimating mirror installed at the end of the collimating mirror fixture, and a pyrometer bracket opened on the other side wall of the dichroic mirror fixture, and a field mirror installed at the bottom of the galvanometer and connected to the inside of the test box.

[0007] Preferably, the main unit comprises an equipment body, a fixed universal wheel installed at the bottom of the equipment body, and a galvanometer base plate installed at the top of the equipment body and located below the leveling base.

[0008] Preferably, the main unit further includes a plurality of exhaust fans disposed on the side walls of the device body.

[0009] Preferably, the dichroic mirror tooling includes a tooling body, an angle adjustment knob and a height adjustment knob movably installed on the top of the tooling body, a dichroic mirror fixture installed inside the tooling body, and a dichroic mirror body installed inside the dichroic mirror fixture, a concentric part female end opened on one of the side walls of the tooling body, a concentric part male end cooperatedly installed on the end of the concentric part female end, and a first observation window opened on the other side wall of the tooling body.

[0010] Preferably, the observation unit further comprises an industrial camera bracket which opens another side wall of the dichroic mirror tooling.

[0011] Preferably, the test box includes an observation chamber opened on the equipment body, a sealed box door movably installed in the observation chamber, a second observation window opened on the sealed box door, and an opening and closing handle installed on the side wall of the sealed box door.

[0012] Preferably, the generating unit further comprises a three-color lamp mounted on the top of the device body.

[0013] Preferably, the control unit includes a display screen and operation buttons installed on the operating table of the device main body, and an input keyboard arranged on the top of the operating table of the device main body and connected to the device main body.

[0014] Preferably, the cooling unit comprises a cooling chamber opened inside the device body, and a dichroic mirror cooling barrel arranged inside the cooling chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the cooling unit further comprises two air pipe interfaces installed on the dichroic mirror tooling.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, by setting up an observation unit, when calibration work is needed before laser monitoring, the leveling work of the leveling base is completed by adjusting the tightness of the disc spring, thereby realizing the flatness of other parts, and then the angle of the dichroic mirror body in the tooling can be adjusted by turning the angle adjustment knob, and turning the height adjustment knob can drive the angle adjustment knob and the Z-axis of the dichroic mirror fixture to move up and down, ensuring that the laser passes through the center of the dichroic mirror body, thereby completing the calibration work before laser monitoring and realizing rapid calibration of the optical path system.

[0017] 2. In the present invention, after the calibration work before laser monitoring is completed, the pyrometer bracket is connected to the pyrometer, and the industrial camera bracket is connected to the industrial camera. The laser emitted from the laser passes through the collimator and enters the dichroic mirror fixture. After the laser is shot to the fixture body, it penetrates the dichroic mirror body and refracts into the galvanometer. The laser is reflected by the components in the galvanometer to the field mirror inside the test box, and the laser reaches the test platform inside the test box. The test platform will reflect part of the laser back to the galvanometer, and then to the mirror surface of the dichroic mirror body. Since the dichroic mirror body is a single-sided refracted light and a single-sided reflected light, the dichroic mirror angle is adjusted to reflect it into the second dichroic mirror fixture, so that the reflected laser is captured by the industrial camera and the pyrometer, and the laser temperature and spot morphology are detected to complete the detection of the laser.

[0018] 3. In the present invention, through the cooling unit, when the device is working, the two air pipe interfaces provided on the dichroic mirror tooling are connected to the dichroic mirror cooling barrel in the main body of the equipment, and the gas in the air pipe enters the dichroic mirror tooling after heat exchange cooling in the barrel to achieve the purpose of cooling the dichroic mirror body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 The structure of the present invention Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure I in the middle; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the dichroic mirror tooling of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the dichroic mirror tooling of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention viewed from above; Figure 7 It is a right view structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Main unit; 101. Equipment body; 102. Fixed universal wheel; 103. Galvanometer bottom plate; 104. Exhaust fan; 2. Observation unit; 201. Leveling base; 202. Dichroic mirror fixture; 2021. Angle adjustment knob; 2022. Height adjustment knob; 2023. Dichroic mirror fixture; 2024. Dichroic mirror body; 2025. Concentric piece female end; 2026. Concentric piece male end; 2027. Fixture body; 2028. First observation window; 203. Galvanometer; 204. Collimator; 205. Collimator fixture; 206. Pyrometer bracket; 207. Disc spring; 208. Industrial camera bracket; 3. Generator unit; 301. Industrial computer; 302. Laser; 303. Test box; 3031. Sealed box door; 3032. Opening and closing handle; 3033. Second observation window; 304. Three-color light; 4. Control unit; 401. Display screen; 402. Input keyboard; 403. Operation button; 5. Cooling unit; 501. Cooling chamber; 502. Dichroic mirror cooling barrel; 503. Air pipe interface. Example

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 As shown, the present invention is a device for detecting the performance of an optical kit of a metal LPBF device, comprising a main unit 1, an observation unit 2 arranged above the main unit 1, a generating unit 3 and a control unit 4 arranged on the surface of the main unit 1, and a cooling unit 5 arranged inside the main unit 1; like Figure 3 As shown, the generating unit 3 includes an industrial computer 301 and a laser 302 installed on the main unit 1, and a test box 303 arranged on the main unit 1. A test platform for detection is installed in the test box 303. This structure belongs to common knowledge and is not shown in the figure. It is easy for those skilled in the art to think of it, so it will not be described in detail. like Figure 2As shown, the observation unit 2 includes a leveling base 201 installed on the top of the main unit 1, a disc spring 207 opened on the bottom wall of the leveling base 201, two dichroic mirror fixtures 202 and a galvanometer 203 installed on the top of the leveling base 201, a collimating mirror fixture 205 opened on the side wall of one of the dichroic mirror fixtures 202, a collimating mirror 204 installed at the end of the collimating mirror fixture 205, and a pyrometer bracket 206 opened on the side wall of the other dichroic mirror fixture 202, and a field mirror installed at the bottom of the galvanometer 203 and connected to the inside of the test box 303. The leveling of the leveling base 201 can be achieved by adjusting the tightness of the disc spring 207.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the main unit 1 includes an equipment body 101, a fixed universal wheel 102 installed at the bottom of the equipment body 101, and a galvanometer base plate 103 installed on the top of the equipment body 101 and located below the leveling base 201. The setting of the fixed universal wheel 102 facilitates the convenient movement of the entire device.

[0023] like Figure 7 As shown, the main unit 1 also includes a plurality of exhaust fans 104 disposed on the side walls of the device body 101 . The exhaust fans 104 can quickly cool down the device when it is working.

[0024] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the dichroic mirror tooling 202 includes a tooling body 2027, an angle adjustment knob 2021 and a height adjustment knob 2022 movably mounted on the top of the tooling body 2027, a dichroic mirror fixture 2023 mounted inside the tooling body 2027, and a dichroic mirror body 2024 mounted inside the dichroic mirror fixture 2023, a concentric member female end 2025 provided on one of the side walls of the tooling body 2027, a concentric member male end 2026 cooperatively mounted on the end of the concentric member female end 2025, and a first observation window 2028 provided on the other side wall of the tooling body 2027. The angle and height of the dichroic mirror body 2024 inside the dichroic mirror tooling 202 can be observed through the first observation window 2028.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the observation unit 2 also includes an industrial camera bracket 208 that is provided on another side wall of the dichroic mirror fixture 202. The industrial camera bracket 208 can be connected to an external industrial camera to take photos and record the test pattern.

[0026] like Figure 5As shown, the test box 303 includes an observation chamber opened on the equipment body 101, a sealed box door 3031 movably installed in the observation chamber, a second observation window 3033 opened on the sealed box door 3031, and an opening and closing handle 3032 installed on the side wall of the sealed box door 3031. The setting of the opening and closing handle 3032 facilitates the rapid opening and closing of the sealed box door 3031.

[0027] like Figure 7 As shown, the generating unit 3 further includes a three-color light 304 installed on the top of the device body 101. The setting of the three-color light 304 can respond to the running status of the device in real time.

[0028] like Figure 6 As shown, the control unit 4 includes a display screen 401 and an operation button 403 installed on the operating table of the device body 101, and an input keyboard 402 arranged on the top of the operating table of the device body 101 and connected to the device body 101. The setting of the display screen 401 can display the detected changes in the temperature field of the laser spot in real time.

[0029] like Figure 5 As shown, the cooling unit 5 includes a cooling chamber 501 opened inside the device body 101 and a dichroic mirror cooling barrel 502 arranged inside the cooling chamber 501. The dichroic mirror cooling barrel 502 can generate cold air to cool the dichroic mirror body 2024.

[0030] Through the observation unit 2, when calibration work is required before laser monitoring, the leveling work of the leveling base 201 is completed by adjusting the tightness of the disc spring 207, so as to achieve the leveling of other parts, and then the angle of the dichroic mirror body 2024 in the tooling can be adjusted by turning the angle adjustment knob 2021, and turning the height adjustment knob 2022 can drive the angle adjustment knob 2021 and the Z-axis of the dichroic mirror fixture 2023 to move up and down, ensuring that the laser beam passes through the center of the dichroic mirror body 2024, thereby completing the calibration work before laser monitoring and realizing rapid calibration of the optical path system. Example

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 As shown, the present invention is a device for detecting the performance of an optical kit of a metal LPBF device, comprising a main unit 1, an observation unit 2 arranged above the main unit 1, a generating unit 3 and a control unit 4 arranged on the surface of the main unit 1, and a cooling unit 5 arranged inside the main unit 1; like Figure 3 As shown, the generating unit 3 includes an industrial computer 301 and a laser 302 installed on the main unit 1, and a test box 303 arranged on the main unit 1. A test platform for detection is installed in the test box 303. This structure belongs to common knowledge and is not shown in the figure. It is easy for those skilled in the art to think of it, so it will not be described in detail. like Figure 2 As shown, the observation unit 2 includes a leveling base 201 installed on the top of the main unit 1, a disc spring 207 opened on the bottom wall of the leveling base 201, two dichroic mirror fixtures 202 and a galvanometer 203 installed on the top of the leveling base 201, a collimating mirror fixture 205 opened on the side wall of one of the dichroic mirror fixtures 202, a collimating mirror 204 installed at the end of the collimating mirror fixture 205, and a pyrometer bracket 206 opened on the side wall of the other dichroic mirror fixture 202, and a field mirror installed at the bottom of the galvanometer 203 and connected to the inside of the test box 303. The leveling of the leveling base 201 can be achieved by adjusting the tightness of the disc spring 207.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the main unit 1 includes an equipment body 101, a fixed universal wheel 102 installed at the bottom of the equipment body 101, and a galvanometer base plate 103 installed on the top of the equipment body 101 and located below the leveling base 201. The setting of the fixed universal wheel 102 facilitates the convenient movement of the entire device.

[0033] like Figure 7 As shown, the main unit 1 also includes a plurality of exhaust fans 104 disposed on the side walls of the device body 101 . The exhaust fans 104 can quickly cool down the device when it is working.

[0034] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the dichroic mirror tooling 202 includes a tooling body 2027, an angle adjustment knob 2021 and a height adjustment knob 2022 movably mounted on the top of the tooling body 2027, a dichroic mirror fixture 2023 mounted inside the tooling body 2027, and a dichroic mirror body 2024 mounted inside the dichroic mirror fixture 2023, a concentric member female end 2025 provided on one of the side walls of the tooling body 2027, a concentric member male end 2026 cooperatively mounted on the end of the concentric member female end 2025, and a first observation window 2028 provided on the other side wall of the tooling body 2027. The angle and height of the dichroic mirror body 2024 inside the dichroic mirror tooling 202 can be observed through the first observation window 2028.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the observation unit 2 also includes an industrial camera bracket 208 that is provided on another side wall of the dichroic mirror fixture 202. The industrial camera bracket 208 can be connected to an external industrial camera to take photos and record the test pattern.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, the test box 303 includes an observation chamber opened on the equipment body 101, a sealed box door 3031 movably installed in the observation chamber, a second observation window 3033 opened on the sealed box door 3031, and an opening and closing handle 3032 installed on the side wall of the sealed box door 3031. The setting of the opening and closing handle 3032 facilitates the rapid opening and closing of the sealed box door 3031.

[0037] like Figure 7 As shown, the generating unit 3 further includes a three-color light 304 installed on the top of the device body 101. The setting of the three-color light 304 can respond to the running status of the device in real time.

[0038] like Figure 6 As shown, the control unit 4 includes a display screen 401 and an operation button 403 installed on the operating table of the device body 101, and an input keyboard 402 arranged on the top of the operating table of the device body 101 and connected to the device body 101. The setting of the display screen 401 can display the detected changes in the temperature field of the laser spot in real time.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, the cooling unit 5 includes a cooling chamber 501 opened inside the device body 101 and a dichroic mirror cooling barrel 502 arranged inside the cooling chamber 501. The dichroic mirror cooling barrel 502 can generate cold air to cool the dichroic mirror body 2024.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the cooling unit 5 also includes two air pipe interfaces 503 installed on the dichroic mirror fixture 202, so as to receive the cold air generated by the dichroic mirror cooling barrel 502 to exchange the airflow inside and outside the dichroic mirror fixture 202.

[0041] After the calibration work before laser monitoring is completed, the pyrometer bracket 206 is connected to the pyrometer, and the industrial camera bracket 208 is connected to the industrial camera. The laser emitted from the laser 302 passes through the collimator 204 and enters the dichroic mirror fixture 202. After the laser is shot to the fixture body 2027, it penetrates the dichroic mirror body 2024 and refracts into the galvanometer 203. The laser is reflected by the components in the galvanometer 203 to the field mirror inside the test box 303, and the laser reaches the test platform inside the test box 303. The test platform will reflect part of the laser back to the galvanometer 203, and then to the mirror surface of the dichroic mirror body 2024. Since the dichroic mirror body 2024 is a single-sided refracted light and a single-sided reflected light, the dichroic mirror angle is adjusted to reflect it into the second dichroic mirror fixture 202, so that the reflected laser is captured by the industrial camera and the pyrometer, and the laser temperature and spot morphology are detected, completing the detection of the laser and improving the detection accuracy.

[0042] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the performance of an optical kit of a metal LPBF device, comprising a main unit (1), characterized in that: It also includes an observation unit (2) arranged above the main unit (1), a generation unit (3) and a control unit (4) arranged on the surface of the main unit (1), and a cooling unit (5) arranged inside the main unit (1); The generating unit (3) comprises an industrial computer (301) and a laser (302) installed on the main unit (1), and a test box (303) arranged on the main unit (1); The observation unit (2) comprises a leveling base (201) mounted on the top of the main unit (1), a disc spring (207) opened on the bottom wall of the leveling base (201), two dichroic mirror fixtures (202) and a galvanometer (203) mounted on the top of the leveling base (201), a collimator lens fixture (205) opened on the side wall of one of the dichroic mirror fixtures (202), a collimator lens (204) mounted on the end of the collimator lens fixture (205), and a pyrometer bracket (206) opened on the side wall of another of the dichroic mirror fixtures (202), and a field mirror mounted on the bottom of the galvanometer (203) and connected to the inside of the test box (303).

2. The device for detecting the performance of the optical kit of a metal LPBF device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main unit (1) comprises a device body (101), a fixed universal wheel (102) installed at the bottom of the device body (101), and a galvanometer base plate (103) installed at the top of the device body (101) and located below a leveling base (201).

3. The device for detecting the performance of the optical kit of a metal LPBF device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main unit (1) further comprises a plurality of exhaust fans (104) arranged on the side wall of the device body (101).

4. The device for detecting the performance of the optical kit of a metal LPBF device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dichroic mirror tool (202) comprises a tool body (2027), an angle adjustment knob (2021) and a height adjustment knob (2022) movably mounted on the top of the tool body (2027), a dichroic mirror fixture (2023) mounted inside the tool body (2027), and a dichroic mirror body (2024) mounted inside the dichroic mirror fixture (2023), a concentric member female end (2025) disposed on one side wall of the tool body (2027), a concentric member male end (2026) mounted on the end of the concentric member female end (2025), and a first observation window (2028) disposed on the other side wall of the tool body (2027).

5. The device for detecting the performance of the optical kit of a metal LPBF device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The observation unit (2) also includes an industrial camera bracket (208) that opens another side wall of the dichroic mirror tooling (202).

6. The device for detecting the performance of the optical kit of a metal LPBF device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The test box (303) comprises an observation chamber opened on the equipment body (101), a sealed box door (3031) movably installed in the observation chamber, a second observation window (3033) opened on the sealed box door (3031), and an opening and closing handle (3032) installed on the side wall of the sealed box door (3031).

7. The device for detecting the performance of the optical kit of a metal LPBF device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The generating unit (3) further comprises a three-color lamp (304) mounted on the top of the device body (101).

8. The device for detecting the performance of the optical kit of a metal LPBF device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control unit (4) comprises a display screen (401) and operation buttons (403) mounted on an operation table of the device body (101), and an input keyboard (402) arranged on the top of the operation table of the device body (101) and connected to the device body (101).

9. The device for detecting the performance of the optical kit of a metal LPBF device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling unit (5) comprises a cooling chamber (501) opened inside the device body (101), and a dichroic mirror cooling barrel (502) arranged inside the cooling chamber (501).

10. The device for detecting the performance of the optical kit of a metal LPBF device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cooling unit (5) further comprises two air pipe interfaces (503) installed on the dichroic mirror fixture (202).

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