Ultraviolet pulse detection device for pollution of porcelain insulator and circuit of ultraviolet pulse detection device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of ultraviolet pulse detection, in particular to a porcelain insulator contamination ultraviolet pulse detection device and a circuit thereof. The device receives incident light which comes from a high-voltage direct-current power transmission line and passes through a porcelain insulator, the incident light is separated into visible light and ultraviolet light through a light beam separator, the visible light is transmitted to a visible light camera module to obtain a visible light image, and the ultraviolet light is sequentially transmitted to a full-solar-blind ultraviolet imaging module and a CCD detector after passing through an optical filter to obtain a full-solar-blind ultraviolet image. The visible light image and the ultraviolet light image are subjected to multi-level and multi-scale fusion processing through an image fusion module, and an image for displaying the pollution degree, distribution and type of the porcelain insulator is obtained. According to the method, the optimized optical design and the intelligent recognition algorithm are utilized to effectively capture and recognize the dirt features, and meanwhile, the long-term stable operation is ensured by enhancing the stability and reliability of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of ultraviolet pulse detection, in particular to a porcelain insulator contamination ultraviolet pulse detection device and a circuit thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a core component in high-voltage direct current transmission lines, ceramic insulators play a vital role with their excellent electrical insulation performance, superior mechanical strength and long-term stable operation characteristics. However, in long-term outdoor exposure environments, the surface of ceramic insulators is easily invaded by environmental factors such as dust and air pollution, resulting in the continuous accumulation of pollutants. Especially under humid conditions, the conductivity of these pollutants is significantly enhanced after absorbing water, which increases the leakage current on the surface of the insulator, thereby increasing the risk of flashover and posing a serious threat to the reliability and safety of the high-voltage direct current transmission system. Therefore, in view of the characteristics of high-voltage direct current transmission lines, it is particularly important to develop efficient and accurate ceramic insulator monitoring technology.

[0003] In the field of monitoring high-voltage DC transmission lines, the monitoring methods of insulators are also divided into two categories: contact and non-contact. With the increasing demand for real-time monitoring and rapid response of insulation status, non-contact monitoring technology has been widely concerned by the industry because it can avoid the physical intervention risks that may be caused by direct contact and realize remote and continuous performance parameter monitoring without affecting the normal operation of insulators.

[0004] For insulators in high-voltage DC transmission lines, the surface discharge phenomenon is not only affected by the degree of pollution and the nature of pollutants, but is also closely related to multiple factors such as humidity conditions and DC electric field characteristics. There is an urgent need for a method to accurately capture near-ultraviolet light (solar blind area) signals. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to accurately capture the near-ultraviolet light (solar-blind area) signal of a high-voltage direct current transmission line, the present invention provides a porcelain insulator contamination ultraviolet pulse detection device, which comprises: a beam splitter, a visible light camera module, a full-solar-blind ultraviolet imaging module, a CCD detector, and an image fusion module; the device receives incident light from the high-voltage direct current transmission line and passing through the porcelain insulator, separates the incident light into visible light and ultraviolet light through the beam splitter, transmits the visible light to the visible light camera module to obtain a visible light image, and transmits the ultraviolet light to the full-solar-blind ultraviolet imaging module and the CCD detector in sequence after passing through a filter to obtain an ultraviolet light image, and the visible light image and the ultraviolet light image are subjected to multi-level and multi-scale fusion processing through the image fusion module to obtain an image showing the degree, distribution and type of contamination of the porcelain insulator.

[0006] A circuit of a porcelain insulator contamination ultraviolet pulse detection device, the circuit comprises a detection device driving circuit and a signal processing circuit, a pulse output is obtained through the detection device driving circuit; the detection device driving circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and an ultraviolet photosensitive tube, one end of the first capacitor is connected in parallel with the first resistor and one end of the second resistor, the power supply end is connected to the other end of the first resistor, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the input end of the ultraviolet photosensitive tube, and the output end of the ultraviolet photosensitive tube is connected in parallel with the third resistor and the second capacitor; the signal processing circuit comprises a comparator, a fourth resistor, and a fifth resistor, one end of the fourth resistor is connected to a preset voltage, the other end of the fourth resistor is respectively connected to the in-phase input end of the comparator and the fifth resistor, the pulse output by the detection device driving circuit is connected to the inverting input end, and the comparator output end outputs a digital signal.

[0007] The technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The key to the present invention's use of ultraviolet pulse detection technology to monitor insulator discharge is to accurately capture near-ultraviolet light (solar blind zone) signals. This technology converts the ultraviolet light radiated by the insulator during discharge into an electrical signal through a highly sensitive ultraviolet pulse sensor, and after fine signal conditioning and amplification processing, forms an electrical pulse sequence that can be used for in-depth analysis, thereby accurately judging the discharge state of the insulator. By utilizing optimized optical design and intelligent recognition algorithms, it is possible to effectively capture and identify contamination characteristics, while ensuring long-term stable operation by enhancing system stability and reliability. The ultraviolet pulse detection device has shown significant effects in improving the monitoring accuracy of porcelain insulators in high-voltage direct current transmission lines, enhancing system stability and reliability, realizing remote monitoring and intelligent management, improving operation and maintenance efficiency and reducing costs, and promoting safe and stable operation of power grids. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0009] Figure 1 It is a technical principle diagram of a porcelain insulator contamination ultraviolet pulse detection device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit of an ultraviolet pulse detection device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a driving working circuit of an ultraviolet pulse detection device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a signal processing circuit of an ultraviolet pulse detection device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] In the figure, resistor 1 is a first resistor, resistor 2 is a second resistor, resistor 3 is a third resistor, resistor 4 is a fourth resistor, capacitor 1 is a first capacitor, and capacitor 2 is a second capacitor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Example 1

[0016] A porcelain insulator contamination ultraviolet pulse detection device Figure 1 As shown, the device includes: a beam splitter, a visible light camera module, a full-day-blind ultraviolet imaging module, a CCD detector, and an image fusion module; the device receives incident light from a high-voltage direct current transmission line and passes through a porcelain insulator, separates the incident light into visible light and ultraviolet light through a beam splitter, transmits the visible light to the visible light camera module to obtain a visible light image, and transmits the ultraviolet light to the full-day-blind ultraviolet imaging module and the CCD detector in sequence after passing through a filter to obtain an ultraviolet light image, and the visible light image and the ultraviolet light image are fused through an image fusion module to obtain an image showing the degree of contamination, distribution, and type of the porcelain insulator.

[0017] Taking into account the special environment of high-voltage DC transmission lines, such as strong electromagnetic interference and complex meteorological conditions, anti-electromagnetic interference filters and weather-adaptive optical windows are added to the front end of the porcelain insulator to ensure stable reception and preliminary purification of the incident light.

[0018] In this embodiment, the beam splitter uses a high-performance beam splitter, which uses special coating technology to more accurately separate visible light and ultraviolet light while reducing light loss and crosstalk. In view of the detection requirements of high-voltage direct current transmission lines, the splitting ratio of the splitter is specially optimized to ensure that the ultraviolet light band (especially the solar blind band) is fully captured.

[0019] The visible light camera module uses high dynamic range (HDR) technology to cope with complex lighting conditions around transmission lines, such as strong sunlight, alternating shadows, etc. At the same time, the module has a built-in intelligent recognition algorithm that can automatically identify and track the position of porcelain insulators to improve the accuracy and efficiency of detection.

[0020] In the UV light transmission path, in addition to the original filter and the all-day-blind UV imaging module, a UV light enhancer is added, i.e. Figure 1 The CCD detector in the sensor is used to enhance the signal in weak UV light environment and improve the sensitivity of pollution detection. At the same time, the all-day-blind UV imaging module is upgraded to a high-sensitivity, low-noise design to ensure accurate capture of pollution features under complex backgrounds.

[0021] The image fusion module does not simply superimpose the visible light and ultraviolet light images, but performs multi-level and multi-scale fusion processing according to the specific needs of pollution monitoring. The fused image can more clearly show the pollution degree, distribution and type of porcelain insulators.

[0022] The device integrates a wireless communication module, supports 4G / 5G network transmission, and uploads monitoring data to a remote monitoring center in real time. The monitoring center can view monitoring images, analyze data, and perform remote control and parameter adjustments in real time.

[0023] Considering the harsh environment of high-voltage DC transmission lines, the device adopts waterproof, dustproof and corrosion-resistant design to ensure long-term stable operation. At the same time, key components adopt redundant design to improve the reliability and fault tolerance of the system.

[0024] The device also includes a communication module that uses GPRS-DTU technology to achieve wireless remote data transmission, ensuring that on-site data can be transmitted to the background instantly and reliably. The power supply of the entire device is a combination of solar panels and batteries, ensuring stable operation in various environments.

[0025] The present invention can also conduct in-depth analysis of the received data through a proprietary algorithm, accurately evaluate the pollution status of the insulators, and display the real-time monitoring data and evaluation results in an intuitive way on the monitoring platform, realizing all-weather, all-round monitoring and early warning functions, and providing strong guarantees for the stable operation of the high-voltage direct current transmission system. The realization of remote monitoring and intelligent management functions greatly reduces the operation and maintenance costs and improves the safety and stability of the power grid.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] A circuit diagram of a porcelain insulator contamination ultraviolet pulse detection device Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the circuit includes two core components: hardware and software. The hardware architecture is subdivided into three modules: detection device drive circuit and signal processing circuit. The pulse output is obtained through the detection device drive circuit. The signal processing circuit uses a high-performance 51 series microcontroller as the core processor.

[0028] The detection device driving circuit is as follows Figure 3As shown, it includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and an ultraviolet photosensitive tube. One end of the first capacitor is connected in parallel to the first resistor 1 and one end of the second resistor. The power supply end is connected to the other end of the first resistor. The other end of the second resistor is connected to the input end of the ultraviolet photosensitive tube. The output end of the ultraviolet photosensitive tube is connected in parallel to the third resistor and the second capacitor. The signal processing circuit includes a comparator, a fourth resistor, and a fifth resistor. One end of the fourth resistor is connected to a preset voltage, and the other end of the fourth resistor is respectively connected to the in-phase input end of the comparator and the fifth resistor. The pulse output by the detection device driving circuit is connected to the inverting input end, and the comparator output end outputs a digital signal. In this embodiment, the comparator uses the LM393 chip.

[0029] The UV pulse detection device uses a battery as a power source to provide a stable 12V DC voltage. In view of the operating voltage requirement of the selected UV photosensitive tube is 240±12V, a set of boost and drive systems are specially designed to ensure the normal operation of the photosensitive tube. The circuit diagram of the device is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the following specific optimizations were performed:

[0030] Boosting and power supply mechanism: The 12V DC voltage output by the battery is first directed to the boost module, which is responsible for boosting the voltage to the 240±12V operating range required by the photosensitive tube. The boosted voltage continuously charges the first capacitor, providing the necessary energy reserve for the subsequent UV detection process.

[0031] Working state of the UV photosensitive tube: When it does not receive external UV light signals, the UV photosensitive tube UV is in a blocking state, no current flows between its positive and negative electrodes, and the voltage at both ends is maintained at the external voltage level. Once the UV photosensitive tube UV receives UV light signals, it will quickly turn on, allowing current to flow between the positive and negative electrodes.

[0032] UV light detection mechanism: By monitoring the voltage change across the third resistor, the presence of UV light can be indirectly determined. When the photosensitive tube is turned on, the voltage across the third resistor will change, and this change can be used as a basis for UV light detection.

[0033] The charging and discharging function of the first capacitor: The first capacitor plays an important role when the UV signal changes. It ensures that the instantaneous pulse current generated in the circuit reaches the required size through the charging and discharging process. When the voltage across the UV drops below the rated working voltage due to discharge, the discharge process of the first capacitor will stop.

[0034] Arc extinguishing function of the second capacitor: The second capacitor is charged while the first capacitor is discharging. This mechanism helps to prevent the continuous flow of current at both ends of the photosensitive tube by generating a reverse current to the loop after the first capacitor is discharged, thereby effectively achieving the arc extinguishing effect. When the external ultraviolet light signal disappears, the charging process of the second capacitor stops, and then it performs the arc extinguishing function by releasing the stored charge.

[0035] In order to ensure the stability and accuracy of the output digital signal in the detection device, the present invention designs a method for preprocessing pulse output. The method uses a single chip microcomputer to intelligently process the pulse signal and effectively remove the interference signal before counting. The circuit of the signal processing module is as follows Figure 4 As shown in the figure, a high-performance 51 series single-chip microcomputer is selected as the core processor; the software architecture consists of a set of sophisticated evaluation algorithms and an integrated system platform, which work together to provide data analysis and decision support. In addition, the device also integrates a high-voltage electromagnetic shielding mechanism, that is, an isolated primary circuit design, which is designed to effectively resist the electromagnetic interference generated by high-voltage equipment and ensure that the performance of transmission line insulators operating under high-voltage conditions for a long time is stable and not affected by the external environment.

[0036] During specific implementation, the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor are used to adjust the system preset voltage value. By adjusting the ratio of the two resistors, the present invention can flexibly change the preset voltage to adapt to different detection requirements. When the amplitude of the detected pulse voltage signal is greater than the system preset voltage value, the comparator will output a high-level signal, and the single-chip microcomputer will count by one. On the contrary, when the amplitude of the detected pulse voltage signal is less than the system preset voltage value or an interference pulse signal appears, the comparator will output a low-level signal, and the counting function of the single-chip microcomputer will be suspended, thereby effectively avoiding the influence of the interference signal on the counting result.

[0037] In order to achieve the above functions, the present invention uses the comparator LM393 chip as the core component. The chip not only has the ability to shield weak interference signals, but also can realize the conversion of analog signals to digital signals. In practical applications, the present invention uses an oscilloscope to detect the pulse signals before and after the comparison circuit. The results show that the amplitudes of the pulse signals after processing are approximately the same, which proves the effectiveness of the present invention.

[0038] Since the amplitude of the ultraviolet pulse signal is affected by the adjustment resistor and may have different meanings under different conditions, the present invention selects the number of pulse signals that appear in a unit time that is greater than the system preset voltage value as the parameter for evaluating the strength of the discharge, which is called the "ultraviolet pulse number". This parameter is intuitive, easy to measure and stable, and can accurately reflect the strength of the discharge.

[0039] To sum up, the signal processing circuit uses a single-chip microcomputer to preprocess and count the pulse signal, and the single-chip microcomputer selects the comparator LM393 chip as the core component, which effectively improves the stability and accuracy of the output digital signal in the detection device.

[0040] The present invention uses a low-power and high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller-STC89C52RC single-chip microcomputer as the core processing unit. This single-chip microcomputer is implemented through programming. Compared with the traditional 51 series single-chip microcomputer, it has richer and more flexible functions and can be widely used in various embedded control application systems, providing highly flexible and extremely effective control solutions for these systems.

[0041] In order to realize the counting function of the device, the present invention adopts the C language software development system compatible with the 51 series single-chip microcomputer-Keil C51 to develop and compile the program, and builds a counting system based on the STC89C52RC single-chip microcomputer. The system is not only rich in functions and flexible, but also has high stability and reliability, and can meet the needs of various embedded control application systems. The specific steps are as follows:

[0042] Device initialization: Initialize the device to ensure that all internal registers are cleared to provide a clean and stable environment for subsequent counting operations.

[0043] Timer configuration: The present invention configures two timers (T0 and T1). Among them, timer T0 is responsible for realizing the core counting function, while timer T1 is used to set the counting interval, which is specifically set to be triggered once every 10 seconds. The coordinated work of these two timers ensures that the system can accurately and stably complete the counting task.

[0044] Display function implementation: During the counting process, the system will dynamically display the real-time counting results on the display screen of the microcontroller so that the user can intuitively understand the current counting status.

[0045] Program compilation and burning: Use Keil C51 to compile the written C language program file to generate an object file (.OBJ). Then, use the STC ISP burner to burn this object file into the internal program memory of the STC89C52RC microcontroller, thus completing the construction and deployment of the entire device.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A porcelain insulator contamination ultraviolet pulse detection device, characterized in that: The device includes: a beam splitter, a visible light camera module, a full-day-blind ultraviolet imaging module, a CCD detector, and an image fusion module; The device receives incident light from a high-voltage direct current transmission line and passes through a porcelain insulator, and separates the incident light into visible light and ultraviolet light through a beam splitter. The visible light is transmitted to a visible light camera module to obtain a visible light image. The ultraviolet light passes through a filter and is sequentially transmitted to a full-day-blind ultraviolet imaging module and a CCD detector to obtain an ultraviolet image. The visible light image and the ultraviolet image are subjected to multi-level and multi-scale fusion processing through an image fusion module to obtain an image showing the degree of contamination, distribution and type of the porcelain insulator.

2. A porcelain insulator contamination ultraviolet pulse detection device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-electromagnetic interference filter and a weather-adaptive optical window are added to the front end of the porcelain insulator to ensure stable reception and preliminary purification of the incident light.

3. A porcelain insulator contamination ultraviolet pulse detection device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The visible light camera module uses high dynamic range technology to cope with the complex lighting conditions around transmission lines, including strong sunlight and alternating shadows; the visible light camera module has a built-in intelligent recognition algorithm that can automatically identify and track the position of porcelain insulators to improve detection accuracy and efficiency.

4. A porcelain insulator contamination ultraviolet pulse detection device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: CCD detector is used to enhance the signal in weak ultraviolet light environment and improve the sensitivity of pollution detection.

5. A circuit for a porcelain insulator contamination ultraviolet pulse detection device, characterized in that: The circuit includes a detection device driving circuit and a signal processing circuit, and a pulse output is obtained through the detection device driving circuit; the detection device driving circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and an ultraviolet photosensitive tube, one end of the first capacitor is connected in parallel to the first resistor and one end of the second resistor, the power supply end is connected to the other end of the first resistor, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the input end of the ultraviolet photosensitive tube, and the output end of the ultraviolet photosensitive tube is connected in parallel to the third resistor and the second capacitor; the signal processing circuit includes a comparator, a fourth resistor, and a fifth resistor, one end of the fourth resistor is connected to a preset voltage, the other end of the fourth resistor is respectively connected to the in-phase input end of the comparator and the fifth resistor, the pulse output by the detection device driving circuit is connected to the inverting input end, and the output end of the comparator outputs a digital signal.

6. The circuit of a porcelain insulator contamination ultraviolet pulse detection device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The signal processing circuit uses a high-performance 51 series single-chip microcomputer as the core processor to intelligently process the pulse signal and effectively eliminate the interference signal before counting.

7. The circuit of a porcelain insulator contamination ultraviolet pulse detection device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The comparator uses LM393 chip.

8. The circuit of a porcelain insulator contamination ultraviolet pulse detection device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: By adjusting the ratio of the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor, the preset voltage can be flexibly changed to adapt to different detection requirements; when the detected pulse voltage signal amplitude is greater than the system preset voltage value, the comparator outputs a high-level signal, and the microcontroller will add one to the count; when the detected pulse voltage signal amplitude is less than the system preset voltage value or an interference pulse signal appears, the comparator outputs a low-level signal, and the counting function of the microcontroller will be suspended, thereby effectively avoiding the influence of interference signals on the counting results.

9. The circuit of a porcelain insulator contamination ultraviolet pulse detection device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: When no external ultraviolet light signal is received, the ultraviolet photosensitive tube is in a blocked state, no current flows between its positive and negative electrodes, and the voltage at both ends is maintained at the external voltage level; once the ultraviolet photosensitive tube receives an ultraviolet light signal, the ultraviolet photosensitive tube is turned on, allowing current to flow between the positive and negative electrodes; When the ultraviolet light sensitive tube is turned on, the voltage on the third resistor will change, and this change can be used as a basis for ultraviolet light detection.

10. The circuit of a porcelain insulator contamination ultraviolet pulse detection device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The first capacitor ensures that the instantaneous pulse current generated in the circuit reaches the required size through the charging and discharging process; the second capacitor is charged at the same time as the first capacitor is discharged to the outside. This mechanism helps to prevent the continuous flow of current at both ends of the photosensitive tube by generating a reverse current to the loop after the first capacitor is discharged, thereby effectively achieving the arc extinguishing effect; when the external ultraviolet light signal disappears, the charging process of the second capacitor stops, and then it performs the arc extinguishing function by releasing the stored charge.

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