An optimization method and related device for composite gradient interface insulation of insulators

Abstract

The present invention discloses an optimization method and related devices for composite gradient interface insulation of insulators. Taking into account the potential sources of surface charge on insulators in a DC electric field and the influence of a multi-field coupling environment, an electro-thermal-current multi-field coupling simulation model for surface charge accumulation on DC insulators is established. Taking into account the electric field distribution patterns and surface charge accumulation characteristics of different types of insulator shapes, different insulator surface coating schemes are proposed. Ultimately, a control strategy for the tangential and normal electric fields of insulators is formed by combining geometric structure with zoned gradient coating of nonlinear surface coating. This solves the current problem of lack of quantitative optimization methods for DC insulators and the problem that the complex curved surface geometry unique to pot-type insulators has not been fully considered in surface coating technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas-insulated transmission lines, and in particular to an optimization method for composite gradient interface insulation of an insulator and a related device. Background Art

[0002] High-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission technology is a crucial physical support for the integration of renewable energy sources and the safe and stable operation of large power grids. Gas-insulated transmission lines (GILs), with their numerous advantages, such as compact size, high current capacity, and wide applicability, have gradually become a crucial support for energy transmission and are gaining increasing attention from both academia and industry.

[0003] Despite the widespread use of GIL (gas-insulated transmission) equipment, insulation failure remains a major cause of equipment failure, resulting in safety and economic losses. This failure is even more complex and severe under DC conditions. Failures arise from two primary sources: first, charge accumulation at the gas-solid interface increases electrical stress on the insulator surface. Second, the harmful effects of metal particles become more pronounced. The interaction of charge accumulation and metal particles increases the likelihood of insulation failure and severe ablation at the insulator interface. Therefore, insulator interface insulation has always been a weak link in the composite insulation system of DC pipeline transmission.

[0004] Existing DC basin insulator designs are often result-oriented, lacking quantitative optimization methods for DC insulators. Currently, the design methods and theories for AC GIL / GIS insulators are relatively mature and can provide a reference for DC insulator design. However, existing AC insulator design methods rely on segmented, parameterized, and coordinate-based processing of geometric structures such as surface curvature, insulator thickness, and inclination angle. Due to the multivariate geometric constraints and the need to simultaneously optimize a large number of parameters, the large computational complexity makes these methods limited. These methods are more suitable for local optimization of key insulator structures, and characterization methods for complex curved surface geometries require further research. Furthermore, current research on surface coating technology has not fully accounted for the complex curved surface geometry unique to basin insulators, limiting their potential for electric field regulation. Furthermore, there is currently no universally accepted standard for the selection of conductivity parameters for insulator surface coatings. Excessively low conductivity parameters may not effectively regulate surface charge distribution and electric field intensity, while excessively high conductivity parameters may result in significant energy loss. Therefore, to optimize the performance of gradient coatings, more detailed research and selection of coating parameters are necessary. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides an optimization method and related device for composite gradient interface insulation of an insulator, which is used to solve the problem that there is currently a lack of quantitative optimization methods for DC insulators and that the complex curved surface geometric structure unique to pot-type insulators has not been fully considered in surface coating technology.

[0006] In view of this, a first aspect of the present application provides a method for optimizing composite gradient interface insulation of an insulator, the method comprising:

[0007] Construct an electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupled simulation model for charge accumulation on the insulator surface to be optimized;

[0008] Establishing geometric models of insulators of various geometric shapes, and analyzing and comparing the surface charge density and along-surface electric field intensity distribution characteristics of insulators of various geometric shapes in combination with the electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupled simulation model, to determine the insulator with the optimal geometric shape;

[0009] According to the normal field intensity distribution and the tangential field intensity distribution along the surface of the insulator of the optimal geometric shape, the surface of the insulator of the optimal geometric shape is divided into a plurality of analysis areas;

[0010] Several coating schemes are set in each analysis area respectively, and the optimal coating scheme is determined by comparing the regulating effect of each coating scheme on the local surface electric field and surface charge distribution in each analysis area.

[0011] Optionally, the step of establishing geometric models of insulators of various geometric shapes and analyzing and comparing the surface charge density and surface electric field intensity distribution characteristics of insulators of various geometric shapes in combination with the electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupling simulation model to determine the insulator of the optimal geometric shape includes:

[0012] Construct geometric models of disc insulators, large-taper pot insulators and small-taper pot insulators respectively;

[0013] Based on each of the geometric models and in combination with the electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupling simulation model, the normal field strength distribution, tangential field strength distribution and surface charge distribution of the disc insulator, the large-taper basin insulator and the small-taper basin insulator are analyzed and compared to obtain an insulator with an optimal geometric shape, which is the small-taper basin insulator.

[0014] Optionally, the surface of the insulator with the optimal geometric shape is divided into a plurality of analysis areas according to the normal field intensity distribution and the tangential field intensity distribution along the surface of the insulator with the optimal geometric shape, including:

[0015] According to the normal field intensity distribution and the surface tangential field intensity distribution of the small-taper pot-type insulator, the convex side surface and the concave side surface of the small-taper pot-type insulator are respectively divided into a plurality of analysis areas.

[0016] Optionally, setting up several coating schemes in each analysis area, and determining the optimal coating scheme by comparing the regulation effect of each coating scheme on the local surface electric field and surface charge distribution in each analysis area, including:

[0017] Several coating schemes are respectively set in each of the analysis areas, wherein the several coating schemes include: several nonlinear conductive coatings with different parameters, and nanocomposite coatings;

[0018] Determining the optimal coating scheme by comparing the regulation effect of each coating scheme on the local surface electric field and surface charge distribution in each analysis area;

[0019] The regulation effect is calculated by a quantitative formula of the average gradient of the tangential field strength on the surface of the insulator, and the quantitative formula is:

[0020] ;

[0021] Where, is the average gradient of the tangential field strength on the insulator surface; is the tangential electric field strength along the insulator surface; is the average working field strength on the surface of the basin insulator; It is the distance along the surface of the convex or concave side of the insulator.

[0022] A second aspect of the present application provides an optimization system for composite gradient interface insulation of an insulator, the system comprising:

[0023] A construction unit, used to construct an electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupled simulation model of charge accumulation on the surface of the insulator to be optimized;

[0024] A comparison unit is used to establish geometric models of insulators of various geometric shapes, and analyze and compare the surface charge density and surface electric field intensity distribution characteristics of the insulators of various geometric shapes in combination with the electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupling simulation model to determine the insulator with the optimal geometric shape;

[0025] a dividing unit, configured to divide the surface of the insulator of the optimal geometric shape into a plurality of analysis regions according to the normal field intensity distribution and the tangential field intensity distribution along the surface of the insulator of the optimal geometric shape;

[0026] The analysis unit is used to set several coating schemes in each analysis area respectively, and determine the optimal coating scheme by comparing the regulation effect of each coating scheme on the local surface electric field and surface charge distribution in each analysis area.

[0027] Optionally, the comparison unit is specifically configured to:

[0028] Construct geometric models of disc insulators, large-taper pot insulators and small-taper pot insulators respectively;

[0029] Based on each of the geometric models and in combination with the electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupling simulation model, the normal field strength distribution, tangential field strength distribution and surface charge distribution of the disc insulator, the large-taper basin insulator and the small-taper basin insulator are analyzed and compared to obtain an insulator with an optimal geometric shape, which is the small-taper basin insulator.

[0030] Optionally, the division unit is specifically configured to:

[0031] According to the normal field intensity distribution and the surface tangential field intensity distribution of the small-taper pot-type insulator, the convex side surface and the concave side surface of the small-taper pot-type insulator are respectively divided into a plurality of analysis areas.

[0032] Optionally, the analysis unit is specifically configured to:

[0033] Several coating schemes are respectively set in each of the analysis areas, wherein the several coating schemes include: several nonlinear conductive coatings with different parameters, and nanocomposite coatings;

[0034] Determining the optimal coating scheme by comparing the regulation effect of each coating scheme on the local surface electric field and surface charge distribution in each analysis area;

[0035] The regulation effect is calculated by a quantitative formula of the average gradient of the tangential field strength on the surface of the insulator, and the quantitative formula is:

[0036] ;

[0037] Where, is the average gradient of the tangential field strength on the insulator surface; is the tangential electric field strength along the insulator surface; is the average working field strength on the surface of the basin insulator; It is the distance along the surface of the convex or concave side of the insulator.

[0038] A third aspect of the present invention provides an optimization device for composite gradient interface insulation of an insulator, the device comprising a processor and a memory:

[0039] The memory is used to store program code and transmit the program code to the processor;

[0040] The processor is configured to execute the steps of the method for optimizing composite gradient interface insulation of insulators as described in the first aspect according to the instructions in the program code.

[0041] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium is used to store program code, and the program code is used to execute the method for optimizing composite gradient interface insulation of insulators described in the first aspect.

[0042] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention has the following advantages:

[0043] The present invention significantly improves the electrical performance of a DC composite gradient insulation system by optimizing the geometric structure of the insulator and applying a nonlinear conductive coating.

[0044] First, the present invention effectively reduces the maximum and average values ​​of the normal electric field strength through the design of a small-taper basin insulator, thereby reducing surface charge accumulation. This design not only improves the insulation performance of the insulator but also reduces the electric field distortion caused by charge accumulation, thereby enhancing the reliability and stability of the insulator. Furthermore, simulation analysis and experimental verification demonstrate that the optimized insulator structure can effectively control the electric field distribution in practical applications, reducing the risk of localized excessive electric fields and extending the service life of the equipment. Second, the present invention introduces a nonlinear conductive coating technology that achieves precise control of the tangential electric field strength by applying a coating to the insulator surface in separate regions. The application of the coating not only reduces the local maximum tangential electric field strength but also promotes the dissipation of accumulated charge, further enhancing the surface insulation performance of the insulator. This zoned gradient coating strategy combines the conductivity parameters of the coating material with the electric field distribution characteristics of the insulator surface to achieve a uniform distribution of the tangential electric field strength on the insulator surface, effectively avoiding over-regulation and improving the overall performance of the insulator. By quantitatively evaluating the average gradient of the tangential electric field strength, the present invention provides new theoretical basis and practical guidance for the design of DC insulators, contributing to the development of high-voltage direct current transmission technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0046] Figure 1A schematic flow chart of a method for optimizing composite gradient interface insulation of an insulator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2a An insulator model of the geometric structure of a disc insulator provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2b An insulator model of a large-taper pot-type insulator geometric structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2c An insulator model of a small-taper pot-type insulator geometric structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3a The normal electric field of the disc insulator provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3b The tangential electric field of the disc insulator provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4a The normal electric field of the large-taper insulator provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 4b The tangential electric field of the large-taper insulator provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 5a The normal electric field of the small-taper insulator provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5b The tangential electric field of the small-taper insulator provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the surface of a small-taper pot-type insulator provided in an embodiment of the present invention divided into three major areas;

[0057] Figure 7a The surface tangential field intensity distribution of the coating in the convex side region 1 of the small-taper pot-type insulator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 7b The surface tangential field intensity distribution of the coating in the concave area 1 of the small-taper pot-type insulator provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 8 The surface charge distribution of coating in region 1 on the convex side of a small-taper pot-type insulator provided by an embodiment of the present invention (from left to right in the figure are S1 coating, S2 coating, and S3 coating);

[0060] Figure 9The surface charge distribution of coating in area 1 on the concave side of a small-taper pot-type insulator provided by an embodiment of the present invention (from left to right in the figure are S1 coating, S2 coating, and S3 coating);

[0061] Figure 10a The surface tangential field intensity distribution of the coating in the convex side region 2 of the small-taper pot-type insulator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 10b The surface tangential field intensity distribution of the coating in the concave area 2 of the small-taper pot-type insulator provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 11 The surface charge distribution of coatings in region 2 of the convex side of a small-taper pot-type insulator provided by an embodiment of the present invention (from left to right in the figure are S1 coating, S2 coating, and S3 coating);

[0064] Figure 12 The surface charge distribution of coatings in region 2 of the concave side of a small-taper pot-type insulator provided by an embodiment of the present invention (from left to right in the figure are S1 coating, S2 coating, and S3 coating);

[0065] Figure 13a The surface tangential field intensity distribution of the coating in the convex side region 3 of the small-taper pot-type insulator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 13b The surface tangential field intensity distribution of the coating in the concave area 3 of the small-taper pot-type insulator provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 14 The surface charge distribution of three coatings on the convex side of a small-taper pot-type insulator provided by an embodiment of the present invention (from left to right in the figure are S1 coating, S2 coating, and S3 coating);

[0068] Figure 15 The surface charge distribution of three coatings in the concave region of a small-taper pot-type insulator provided by an embodiment of the present invention (from left to right in the figure are S1 coating, S2 coating, and S3 coating);

[0069] Figure 16 A schematic structural diagram of an optimization system for composite gradient interface insulation of insulators provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0071] See also Figure 1 An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for optimizing composite gradient interface insulation of an insulator, comprising:

[0072] Step 101: construct an electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupling simulation model of charge accumulation on the surface of the insulator to be optimized.

[0073] It should be noted that, considering the potential sources of surface charge on the insulator in the DC electric field and the influence of the multi-field coupling environment, this application first establishes an electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupling simulation model (multi-physics field coupling simulation model) of the surface charge accumulation of the insulator to be optimized, wherein the insulator to be optimized in this application is a DC insulator; specifically, those skilled in the art can use existing simulation software such as COMSOL to construct a multi-physics field coupling simulation model of the electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupling simulation model of the surface charge accumulation of the insulator to be optimized.

[0074] Step 102: Establish geometric models of insulators of various geometric shapes, and analyze and compare the surface charge density and along-surface electric field intensity distribution characteristics of insulators of various geometric shapes in combination with an electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupling simulation model to determine the insulator with the optimal geometric shape.

[0075] In one embodiment, step 102 specifically includes:

[0076] Geometric models of disc insulators, large-taper pot insulators, and small-taper pot insulators were constructed. Based on these geometric models and combined with an electro-thermal-fluid multi-field coupled simulation model, the normal and tangential field intensity distributions, as well as the surface charge distributions of these insulators were analyzed and compared. The optimal insulator geometry was determined, which was the small-taper pot insulator.

[0077] It should be noted that the distribution of the tangential and normal electric field strength along the surface of the insulator under DC electric field is closely related to the geometric structure of the insulator. Drawing on the experience of AC and DC insulator design, this application establishes the following design methods based on the existing disc insulators, large-taper basin insulators and small-taper basin insulators: Figure 2a 、 Figure 2b 、 Figure 2cThe insulator geometry models for three typical types (disc insulator, large-taper pot insulator, and small-taper pot insulator) are shown. The DC pipeline model features a central conductor with an outer diameter of 180 mm and a wall thickness of 13 mm. The ground electrode has an inner diameter of 500 mm and a wall thickness of 5 mm. The GIL pipeline cavity is filled with SF6 insulating gas at a pressure of 0.1 MPa.

[0078] During the simulation analysis, a voltage of +500 kV was applied to the central conductor and maintained for 10 hours. Relying on the established insulator geometric model and combined with the electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupling simulation model of charge accumulation on the insulator surface in step 101, the distribution characteristics of the charge density and the electric field intensity along the surface of the insulator were studied.

[0079] Specifically, the normal electric field intensity, tangential electric field intensity and surface charge distribution of disc insulators, large-taper basin insulators and small-taper basin insulators are compared and analyzed. The normal and tangential electric field distributions of the insulator surfaces of the three structures are as follows: Figure 3a 、 Figure 3b 、 Figure 4a 、 Figure 4b 、 Figure 5a 、 Figure 5b , it can be found that the optimized geometric structure has an obvious control effect on the normal field intensity on the insulator surface.

[0080] The normal field intensity distribution shows a "three-peak" distribution feature. The use of small-taper basin insulators can effectively reduce the height of each peak, thereby reducing the maximum normal field intensity E n max and the average normal field strength E n mean At the same time, since the surface normal field strength of the insulator directly determines the surface charge distribution, the surface charge accumulation of the small-taper basin insulator is smaller, the degree of electric field distortion caused by the transient process is also lighter, and the difference between the initial state and the transient normal field strength is also smaller. n The insulator body passes through the gas-solid interface and finally enters the gas side. The focus of geometric structure optimization is to reduce the charge accumulation formed by current conduction on the insulator body side by reducing the normal electric field strength inside the insulator body, thereby reducing the maximum value and average normal field strength of the normal field strength component on the gas side insulator surface, and realizing the regulation of the surface normal field strength.

[0081] Step 103: Divide the surface of the insulator with the optimal geometric shape into a plurality of analysis areas according to the normal field intensity distribution and the tangential field intensity distribution along the surface of the insulator with the optimal geometric shape.

[0082] In one embodiment, step 103 specifically includes:

[0083] According to the normal field intensity distribution and the tangential field intensity distribution along the surface of the small-taper pot insulator, the convex side and the concave side of the small-taper pot insulator are divided into several analysis areas respectively.

[0084] It should be noted that according to the distribution characteristics of the tangential and normal electric fields along the surface of the small-taper pot insulator, taking the convex side of the insulator as an example, the surface of the pot insulator is divided into the following Figure 6 The three major regions shown are: Region 1 on the surface near the center conductor, Region 2 in the middle of the insulator, and Region 3 on the surface near the ground electrode. Because the electric field and charge distribution on the convex and concave sides of a small-taper basin insulator are similar, the concave surface is also divided into three regions in the same manner.

[0085] Step 104 : setting up several coating schemes in each analysis area, and determining the optimal coating scheme by comparing the regulation effect of each coating scheme on the local surface electric field and surface charge distribution in each analysis area.

[0086] In one embodiment, step 104 specifically includes:

[0087] Several coating schemes are respectively set in each analysis area, wherein the several coating schemes include: several nonlinear conductive coatings with different parameters;

[0088] By comparing the effects of various coating schemes on the local surface electric field and surface charge distribution in each analysis area, the optimal coating scheme is determined.

[0089] The regulation effect is calculated by the quantitative formula of the average gradient of the tangential field strength on the insulator surface. The quantitative formula is:

[0090] ;

[0091] Where, is the average gradient of the tangential field strength on the insulator surface; is the tangential electric field strength along the insulator surface; is the average working field strength on the surface of the basin insulator; It is the distance along the surface of the convex or concave side of the insulator.

[0092] It should be noted that this application sets up nonlinear conductive coatings in three areas respectively, combines charge accumulation multi-field coupling simulation, and compares the regulatory effect of each area coating scheme on the local surface electric field and surface charge distribution to obtain the optimal insulator surface coating mode and coating parameters.

[0093] For region 1, when using nonlinear conductive coatings with different parameters, the tangential field intensity distribution on the convex and concave sides of the insulator is as follows: Figure 7a and 7b As shown, the surface charge distribution on both sides of the convex and concave surfaces is as follows: Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown. Without coating, the maximum tangential field strength on both sides of the convex and concave appears at the triple junction and decreases evenly along the insulating surface; after the coating is introduced, the maximum tangential field strength at the triple junction E t The maximum values ​​are reduced. The S1 coating and S2 coating show a surge in the tangential field intensity at the boundary between region 1 and region 2. However, when the S1 coating is used, the maximum tangential field intensity is close to the maximum value without coating. This is because the introduction of the coating changes the charge distribution in region 1, resulting in opposite charge polarity or a sudden change in charge density at the boundary between the two regions, which is not conducive to surface insulation. The S3 coating and S4 coating not only have similar effects on the control of the tangential field intensity but also have similar improvements on the charge distribution. However, the control effect of the tangential field intensity at the triple junction is weaker than that of the S1 and S2 coatings.

[0094] In terms of their effectiveness in regulating tangential field strength, S1, S2, and S3 coatings show significant application potential. Regarding charge dissipation, S1 is more effective, with no heterogeneous charge present at the coating boundary. Furthermore, compared to the charge on the concave side of an uncoated small-taper insulator, the maximum negative charge density on the center conductor is reduced from -42 μC / m² to -19 μC / m². Based on the analysis of Et and surface charge regulation, a material with similar parameters to S1 is recommended for coating the concave and convex regions.

[0095] After the coating is introduced into area 2, the tangential field strength E along the entire surface of the insulator will be t Changes such as Figure 10a 、 10b As shown in Figure 2, the tangential field strength in region 1 will decrease, while the tangential field strength in region 3 will increase. The effectiveness of the S2 coating and the S3 coating remains similar. The surface charge distribution on the convex and concave sides of the insulator is also given, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown in the figure. For the convex side of the insulator, the S1 and S2 coatings significantly increase the tangential electric field strength in region 2, even exceeding the maximum value when uncoated. Therefore, these two coating parameters are not suitable for coating the convex side of the insulator. The S2 and S3 coatings not only reduce the maximum tangential field strength but also reduce the charge density in region 2, making them suitable for coating region 2 on the convex side. For the concave side, when the S1 coating is used, the surface charge density in region 2 approaches zero, and the overall tangential field strength on the concave side is more uniform, without abnormal surges, making it suitable for coating region 2 on the concave side.

[0096] For region 3, the nonlinear conductive coating with parameter S1 will increase the tangential field strength at the junction of the three electrodes on both sides of the convex and concave sides abnormally, and exceed the tangential field strength E in this region when there is no coating. t The maximum value is Figure 13a 、 Figure 13bAs shown in the figure, this is contrary to the control goal of reducing the tangential field strength. When other parameter coatings are used, the tangential field strength is optimized to varying degrees, the maximum value decreases, and the overall strength becomes more uniform. The charge distribution on the convex and concave sides of the insulator is shown in the figure. Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, the charge regulation effect shows that the charge density in region 3 is the smallest when S3 coating is used, and is significantly improved without coating.

[0097] In terms of insulator surface coating and tangential field intensity control, a comparative analysis of the insulator surface area coating scheme shows that the introduction of nonlinear conductive coating can further reduce the local tangential field intensity E in the coating area. t The maximum value of the tangential field strength in the corresponding area makes it more uniform as a whole and promotes the dissipation of accumulated charges.

[0098] However, it is worth noting that when using the zone coating method, there will be a large difference in charge density at the boundaries of each zone, which may lead to a local surge in the tangential field strength and over-regulation. At this time, directly comparing the tangential field strength optimization effect cannot show the advantages of the surface coating.

[0099] Therefore, based on the surface contour structure and electric field distribution characteristics of the insulator, selecting coating materials with appropriate conductivity parameters for the three regions and reducing the differences in dielectric parameters between regional coatings are of great significance to improving the tangential field strength distribution on the insulator surface.

[0100] In order to characterize the effect of nonlinear conductive coating on the tangential field intensity control of the insulator surface, this embodiment defines the average tangential field intensity gradient f on the insulator surface as t , to quantitatively evaluate the tangential field strength E t Distribution characteristics:

[0101] (1)

[0102] Where: E t is the tangential electric field strength along the insulator surface; E mean is the average working field strength on the surface of the basin insulator, that is, the ratio of the working voltage to the insulation distance along the insulator surface; l is the distance along the surface of the convex or concave side of the insulator. The average gradient of the tangential field strength on the insulator surface f t The smaller the value, the more uniform the distribution of the tangential field strength component along the radial direction of the insulator, and the closer the value along the surface is to the average working field strength on the surface, the more fully the insulation distance along the surface of the insulator is utilized, and it is less likely that the tangential field strength is locally too high. Therefore, the average gradient of the surface tangential field strength f should be controlled in the design of DC insulators. t At a lower level.

[0103] In summary, the insulator surface normal field strength E can be controlled by combining the optimization of the insulator geometry with the gradient coating of the surface nonlinear conductive coating. n and the tangential field strength E t , thereby constructing a DC composite gradient insulation system to achieve enhanced interface electrical performance.

[0104] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the coating further comprises: a nanocomposite coating.

[0105] It should be noted that the present invention also provides an effective solution for improving the surface flashover performance of insulators: using nanocomposite coating technology. This solution involves coating a layer of composite material composed of nanoscale fillers and a polymer matrix on the surface of the insulator. Nanofillers such as nano-silica, carbon nanotubes or graphene can significantly improve the insulation performance and weather resistance of the coating due to their unique physical and chemical properties, such as high dielectric constant, high conductivity and excellent mechanical properties. By precisely controlling the dispersion of the nanofillers and the curing process of the coating, it is possible to ensure good adhesion between the coating and the surface of the insulator while maintaining the uniformity and density of the coating, thereby effectively reducing the surface electric field strength and suppressing local discharge. In addition, the nanocomposite coating also has self-repairing capabilities, which can repair minor defects caused by environmental erosion or mechanical damage, thereby extending the service life of the insulator. The performance of the coating is verified through laboratory tests and field trials to ensure that it can provide stable insulation protection under different environmental conditions, thereby significantly improving the surface flashover performance of the insulator.

[0106] The present invention provides an optimization method for composite gradient interface insulation of insulators. Taking into account the potential sources of surface charge on insulators in a DC electric field and the influence of a multi-field coupling environment, an electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupling simulation model for surface charge accumulation on DC insulators is established. Taking into account the electric field distribution patterns and surface charge accumulation characteristics of different types of insulator shapes, different insulator surface coating schemes are proposed. Ultimately, a control strategy for the tangential and normal electric fields of insulators is formed by combining geometric structure with zoned gradient coating of surface nonlinear coating. This solves the current problem of lack of quantitative optimization methods for DC insulators and the problem that the complex curved surface geometry unique to pot-type insulators has not yet been fully considered in surface coating technology.

[0107] The above is an optimization method for composite gradient interface insulation of an insulator provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The following is an optimization system for composite gradient interface insulation of an insulator provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0108] See also Figure 16 An embodiment of the present invention provides an optimization system for composite gradient interface insulation of an insulator, comprising:

[0109] A construction unit 201 is used to construct an electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupling simulation model of charge accumulation on the surface of the insulator to be optimized;

[0110] The comparison unit 202 is used to establish geometric models of insulators of various geometric shapes, and analyze and compare the surface charge density and surface electric field intensity distribution characteristics of the insulators of various geometric shapes in combination with the electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupling simulation model to determine the insulator with the optimal geometric shape;

[0111] A division unit 203 is configured to divide the surface of the insulator of the optimal geometric shape into a plurality of analysis regions according to the normal field intensity distribution and the tangential field intensity distribution along the surface of the insulator of the optimal geometric shape;

[0112] The analysis unit 204 is used to set several coating schemes in each analysis area, and determine the optimal coating scheme by comparing the regulation effect of each coating scheme on the local surface electric field and surface charge distribution in each analysis area.

[0113] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention also provides an optimization device for composite gradient interface insulation of an insulator, the device comprising a processor and a memory:

[0114] The memory is used to store program code and transmit the program code to the processor;

[0115] The processor is configured to execute the steps of the method for optimizing composite gradient interface insulation of insulators as described in the above method embodiment according to the instructions in the program code.

[0116] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which is used to store program code, and the program code is used to execute the optimization method of composite gradient interface insulation of insulators described in the above method embodiment.

[0117] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0118] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interface, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0119] Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0120] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into a single processing unit, each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0121] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the method of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program code, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard drives, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0122] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing composite gradient interface insulation of an insulator, characterized in that: include: Construct an electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupled simulation model for charge accumulation on the insulator surface to be optimized; Establishing geometric models of insulators of various geometric shapes, and analyzing and comparing the surface charge density and along-surface electric field intensity distribution characteristics of insulators of various geometric shapes in combination with the electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupled simulation model, to determine the insulator with the optimal geometric shape; According to the normal field intensity distribution and the tangential field intensity distribution along the surface of the insulator of the optimal geometric shape, the surface of the insulator of the optimal geometric shape is divided into a plurality of analysis areas; Setting up several coating schemes in each of the analysis areas, and determining the optimal coating scheme by comparing the regulation effect of each coating scheme on the local surface electric field and surface charge distribution in each of the analysis areas; The method of establishing geometric models of insulators of various geometric shapes and analyzing and comparing the surface charge density and surface electric field intensity distribution characteristics of insulators of various geometric shapes in combination with the electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupling simulation model to determine the insulator with the optimal geometric shape includes: Construct geometric models of disc insulators, large-taper pot insulators and small-taper pot insulators respectively; Based on each of the geometric models and in combination with the electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupling simulation model, the normal field intensity distribution, the tangential field intensity distribution, and the surface charge distribution of the disc insulator, the large-taper pot insulator, and the small-taper pot insulator are analyzed and compared to obtain an insulator with an optimal geometric shape, wherein the insulator with the optimal geometric shape is the small-taper pot insulator; The method of setting up several coating schemes in each analysis area and determining the optimal coating scheme by comparing the regulation effect of each coating scheme on the local surface electric field and surface charge distribution in each analysis area includes: Several coating schemes are respectively set in each of the analysis areas, wherein the several coating schemes include: several nonlinear conductive coatings with different parameters, and nanocomposite coatings; Determining the optimal coating scheme by comparing the regulation effect of each coating scheme on the local surface electric field and surface charge distribution in each analysis area; The regulation effect is calculated by a quantitative formula of the average gradient of the tangential field strength on the surface of the insulator, and the quantitative formula is: ； Where, is the average gradient of the tangential field strength on the insulator surface; is the tangential electric field strength along the insulator surface; is the average working field strength on the surface of the basin insulator; It is the distance along the surface of the convex or concave side of the insulator.

2. The method for optimizing composite gradient interface insulation of insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the normal field intensity distribution and the tangential field intensity distribution along the surface of the insulator of the optimal geometric shape, the surface of the insulator of the optimal geometric shape is divided into several analysis areas, including: According to the normal field intensity distribution and the surface tangential field intensity distribution of the small-taper pot-type insulator, the convex side surface and the concave side surface of the small-taper pot-type insulator are respectively divided into a plurality of analysis areas.

3. An optimization system for composite gradient interface insulation of insulators, characterized in that: include: A construction unit, used to construct an electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupled simulation model of charge accumulation on the surface of the insulator to be optimized; A comparison unit is used to establish geometric models of insulators of various geometric shapes, and analyze and compare the surface charge density and surface electric field intensity distribution characteristics of the insulators of various geometric shapes in combination with the electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupling simulation model to determine the insulator with the optimal geometric shape; a dividing unit, configured to divide the surface of the insulator of the optimal geometric shape into a plurality of analysis regions according to the normal field intensity distribution and the tangential field intensity distribution along the surface of the insulator of the optimal geometric shape; An analysis unit is used to set a plurality of coating schemes in each of the analysis areas, and determine the optimal coating scheme by comparing the regulation effect of each coating scheme on the local surface electric field and surface charge distribution in each of the analysis areas; The comparison unit is specifically used for: Construct geometric models of disc insulators, large-taper pot insulators and small-taper pot insulators respectively; Based on each of the geometric models and in combination with the electric-thermal-fluid multi-field coupling simulation model, the normal field intensity distribution, the tangential field intensity distribution, and the surface charge distribution of the disc insulator, the large-taper pot insulator, and the small-taper pot insulator are analyzed and compared to obtain an insulator with an optimal geometric shape, wherein the insulator with the optimal geometric shape is the small-taper pot insulator; The analysis unit is specifically used for: Several coating schemes are respectively set in each of the analysis areas, wherein the several coating schemes include: several nonlinear conductive coatings with different parameters, and nanocomposite coatings; Determining the optimal coating scheme by comparing the regulation effect of each coating scheme on the local surface electric field and surface charge distribution in each analysis area; The regulation effect is calculated by a quantitative formula of the average gradient of the tangential field strength on the surface of the insulator, and the quantitative formula is: ； Where, is the average gradient of the tangential field strength on the insulator surface; is the tangential electric field strength along the insulator surface; is the average working field strength on the surface of the basin insulator; It is the distance along the surface of the convex or concave side of the insulator.

4. The optimization system for composite gradient interface insulation of insulators according to claim 3, characterized in that: The division unit is specifically used to: According to the normal field intensity distribution and the surface tangential field intensity distribution of the small-taper pot-type insulator, the convex side surface and the concave side surface of the small-taper pot-type insulator are respectively divided into a plurality of analysis areas.

5. An optimization device for composite gradient interface insulation of insulators, characterized in that: The device includes a processor and a memory: The memory is used to store program code and transmit the program code to the processor; The processor is used to execute the method for optimizing composite gradient interface insulation of an insulator according to any one of claims 1 to 2 according to the instructions in the program code.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium is used to store program code, and the program code is used to execute the method for optimizing composite gradient interface insulation of insulators according to any one of claims 1-2.

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