Toll station carbon emission accounting method and system in different charging modes

Abstract

The invention discloses a toll station carbon emission accounting method and system in different toll modes, and the method comprises the steps: firstly defining a highway toll station carbon emission accounting boundary, and collecting the data of energy consumption, traffic volume, vehicle type, waste treatment amount and the like, an energy carbon emission factor, a vehicle fuel carbon emission factor and a waste treatment carbon emission factor are selected or calculated, the total carbon emission amount of an energy consumption system and ancillary facilities, the total vehicle activity carbon emission amount and the total waste treatment carbon emission amount are calculated respectively, and finally the total carbon emission amount of a toll station is calculated. According to the invention, the problem of lack of accurate accounting for the carbon emission in different toll collection modes in the prior art can be solved, the carbon emission can be calculated for two toll collection modes of a manual toll collection lane (MTC) and an electronic toll collection lane (ETC), and refined monitoring and accounting for the carbon emission of a highway toll station are realized. And the transportation industry is promoted to develop towards the low-carbon and environment-friendly direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of transportation carbon emission accounting, and in particular relates to a method and system for calculating carbon emission at a toll station under different charging modes. Background Art

[0002] As the global climate change problem intensifies, reducing the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide has become a challenge that all industries must face. The transportation industry is one of the important sources of global carbon emissions, and highways, as important transportation infrastructure, generate a large amount of carbon emissions during vehicle traffic. Especially at toll stations, vehicles often need to queue up and idle to pay when passing through, all of which will lead to additional fuel consumption and carbon emissions. Different charging modes, such as manual toll lanes (MTC) and electronic toll lanes (ETC), have different carbon emissions due to differences in vehicle travel time, parking conditions and fuel consumption.

[0003] Existing technologies for carbon emission accounting at toll stations mainly focus on vehicle emissions, and the accounting methods are crude, but there are still deficiencies in the accurate statistics of carbon emissions under different charging modes. The differences in the accurate methods of carbon emissions make it difficult to assess the carbon emission potential of toll stations and provide a reliable reference for energy-saving policies. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a systematic carbon emission statistical method to accurately calculate the source of carbon emissions based on the operation of toll stations under different charging modes, so as to provide scientific data support for the transportation department's carbon emission policies and the management optimization of toll stations. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for calculating carbon emissions at toll stations under different charging modes, which can solve the problem of lack of accurate calculation of carbon emissions under different charging modes in the prior art, and can realize carbon emission calculation for two charging modes: manual toll lanes (MTC) and electronic non-stop toll lanes (ETC), and realize refined monitoring and calculation of carbon emissions at highway toll stations, thereby promoting the development of the transportation industry towards a low-carbon and environmentally friendly direction.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A method for calculating carbon emissions at toll stations under different charging modes includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Define the carbon emission accounting boundary of highway toll stations, including carbon emissions from energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities, carbon emissions from vehicle activities, and carbon emissions from waste treatment;

[0008] Step 2: Collect data, including energy consumption data at toll stations, vehicle types and numbers, vehicle activity data, and solid waste and sewage treatment volumes;

[0009] Step 3, determine the energy carbon emission factor, vehicle fuel carbon emission factor, and waste treatment carbon emission factor, where the energy carbon emission factor includes gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, and electricity carbon emission factors; the waste treatment carbon emission factor includes solid waste incineration treatment, solid waste biochemical treatment, and sewage treatment carbon emission factors;

[0010] Step 4: Calculate the total carbon emissions of energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities based on the energy carbon emission factor;

[0011] Step 5: Calculate the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities based on the vehicle fuel carbon emission factor and electricity carbon emission factor;

[0012] Step 6, calculating the total carbon emissions from waste treatment based on the carbon emission factor of waste treatment;

[0013] Step 7, calculate the total carbon emissions of the toll station based on the total carbon emissions of the energy consumption system and its ancillary facilities, the total carbon emissions of vehicle activities, and the total carbon emissions of waste treatment.

[0014] In step 1 above, carbon emissions from energy-consuming systems and ancillary facilities include CO2 directly emitted from fossil energy consumed by existing buildings and infrastructure, as well as CO2 indirectly emitted from electricity consumption; emission sources include lighting systems, HVAC systems, domestic hot water systems, water pump systems, computer room systems, maintenance systems, canteens, monitoring and security systems, and office equipment;

[0015] Vehicle activity carbon emissions include direct and indirect CO2 emissions caused by vehicles passing through toll booths; emission sources include vehicles;

[0016] Carbon emissions from waste treatment include solid waste treatment generated by toll stations and CO2 emissions generated by sewage treatment; emission sources include solid waste incineration, solid waste biochemical treatment and domestic sewage treatment.

[0017] In the above step 2, the energy consumption data of the toll station includes the usage of gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas and electricity; the vehicle types and quantities include the number of different types of vehicles under different charging modes; the vehicle activity-related data includes the effective mass of different types of vehicles, idling unit fuel consumption, maximum speed limit of service areas, length of toll plaza, number of manual toll lanes, and number of electronic non-stop toll lanes.

[0018] In the above step 3, the carbon emission factors of gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, electricity, solid waste incineration, solid waste biochemical treatment, and sewage treatment are selected from relevant specifications and standards; the vehicle fuel carbon emission factor is calculated according to the formula.

[0019] In step 4 above, the total carbon emissions of the energy consumption system and ancillary facilities are calculated according to the following formula:

[0020]

[0021] Where W1 represents the total carbon emissions from various emission sources of the toll station energy consumption system and ancillary facilities;

[0022]

[0023] Respectively represent the carbon emissions generated by the consumption of electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas at toll stations; X i , B i , D i , Y i , G i represents the usage of electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas in the i emission source of the toll station energy consumption system and its ancillary facilities, i = 1, 2, 3, ... n, representing different emission sources; FC 电力 , FC 汽油 , FC 柴油 , FC 液化石油气 , FC 天然气 Represent the carbon emission factors of electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas respectively.

[0024] In step 5 above, the formula for calculating the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities is as follows:

[0025] W2=W MTC +W ETC

[0026] Where W2 represents the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities, W MTC and W ETC They represent the carbon emissions of vehicles passing through the manual toll lane MTC and the non-stop toll lane ETC respectively.

[0027] In step 6 above, the formula for calculating the total carbon emissions from waste treatment is as follows:

[0028] W3=W 固-焚烧 +W 固-生化 +W 污水

[0029] Where W3 represents the total carbon emissions from waste treatment, W 固-焚烧represents the carbon emissions from solid waste incineration, W 固-生化 represents the carbon emissions from biochemical treatment of solid waste, W 污水 Represents carbon emissions from domestic sewage treatment.

[0030] In step 7 above, the formula for calculating the total carbon emissions of toll stations is as follows:

[0031] W 收费站 =W1+W2+W3

[0032] Where W 收费站 is the total carbon emissions of the toll station; W1 is the total carbon emissions of the energy consumption system and ancillary facilities of the toll station, W2 is the total carbon emissions of vehicle activities at the toll station, and W3 is the total carbon emissions from waste treatment.

[0033] A carbon emission accounting system for toll booths under different charging modes, including:

[0034] The accounting boundary definition module is configured to define the carbon emission accounting boundary of highway toll stations, including carbon emissions from energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities, carbon emissions from vehicle activities, and carbon emissions from waste treatment;

[0035] A data collection module is configured to collect data including energy consumption data of toll booths, vehicle types and quantities, vehicle activity-related data, and solid waste treatment volume and sewage treatment volume;

[0036] The carbon emission factor determination module is configured to determine the energy carbon emission factor, the vehicle fuel carbon emission factor, and the waste treatment carbon emission factor, wherein the energy carbon emission factor includes the carbon emission factors of gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, and electricity; the waste treatment carbon emission factor includes the carbon emission factors of solid waste incineration treatment, solid waste biochemical treatment, and sewage treatment;

[0037] The first carbon emission total amount accounting module is configured to calculate the total carbon emission of the energy consumption system and its ancillary facilities based on the energy carbon emission factor;

[0038] A second carbon emission total amount accounting module is configured to calculate the total carbon emission of vehicle activities based on the vehicle fuel carbon emission factor and the electricity carbon emission factor;

[0039] a third carbon emission total amount accounting module, configured to calculate the total carbon emission amount of waste treatment based on the waste treatment carbon emission factor; and

[0040] The toll station carbon emission total amount accounting module is configured to calculate the toll station carbon emission total amount based on the energy consumption system and ancillary facilities carbon emission total amount, vehicle activity carbon emission total amount, and waste treatment carbon emission total amount.

[0041] A computer device comprises a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor; when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of a toll station carbon emission accounting method under different charging modes as described above are implemented.

[0042] After adopting the above scheme, the present invention provides a systematic and accurate carbon emission accounting method for toll stations by collecting data such as energy consumption, traffic volume, vehicle type, and waste disposal volume, constructs a carbon emission accounting model, and combines factors such as vehicle type and travel time under different charging modes to accurately calculate the carbon emissions of each charging mode. By analyzing and comparing the accounting results, targeted carbon emission reduction optimization suggestions can be provided to help highway toll stations optimize operations, improve efficiency, and reduce carbon emissions.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0044] The present invention can comprehensively cover the three main sources of carbon emissions: energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities at toll stations, vehicle activities and waste disposal. By quantitatively analyzing the carbon emissions of different toll collection modes, it is helpful to identify the main sources of carbon emissions at toll stations and propose optimization measures, which can provide a scientific basis for energy conservation, emission reduction and green transportation policy formulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 It is a diagram of emission source categories calculated by the toll station of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for calculating carbon emissions at a toll station under different charging modes, comprising the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Define the carbon emission accounting boundary of the toll station;

[0050] In step 1, the gas to be calculated is carbon dioxide / CO2; the carbon emission accounting boundary of the toll station includes 3 ranges, Figure 2 As shown, the details are as follows:

[0051] Scope 1 emissions: Carbon emissions from energy-consuming systems and ancillary facilities. This includes CO2 directly emitted from fossil energy consumed by existing buildings and infrastructure, and CO2 indirectly emitted from electricity consumption; emission sources mainly include lighting systems, HVAC systems, domestic hot water systems, water pump systems, computer room systems, maintenance systems, canteens, monitoring and security systems, office equipment, etc.

[0052] Scope 2 emissions: Carbon emissions from vehicle activities. Includes direct and indirect CO2 emissions from vehicles passing through toll booths; emission sources mainly include vehicles; vehicles are divided into gasoline vehicles and electric vehicles.

[0053] Scope 3 emissions: Carbon emissions from waste treatment. This includes solid waste treatment at toll booths and CO2 emissions from sewage treatment. Emission sources mainly include solid waste incineration, solid waste biochemical treatment and domestic sewage treatment.

[0054] Step 2: Collect the required data. Based on the definition of the accounting boundary, data collection is carried out, mainly collecting data related to energy consumption and waste treatment involved in the operation of the toll station. The content mainly includes:

[0055] Collect energy consumption data at toll booths, including gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas and electricity. The usage of each energy source directly affects the carbon emissions of energy-consuming systems and ancillary facilities;

[0056] Collect vehicle types and quantities. Collect the number of different types of vehicles under different charging modes, mainly including the number of different types of passenger cars and the number of different types of trucks;

[0057] Collect other vehicle activity-related data, including effective mass of different types of vehicles, idling unit fuel consumption, maximum speed limit of service areas, length of toll plazas, number of manual toll lanes (MTC), number of electronic toll lanes (ETC);

[0058] Collect the solid waste treatment volume and sewage treatment volume.

[0059] Step 3. According to the needs of carbon emission accounting at toll stations, select carbon emission factors, mainly including carbon emission factors of gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, electricity, solid waste incineration treatment, solid waste biochemical treatment, and sewage treatment.

[0060] Since the carbon emission factor of vehicle fuel is closely related to vehicle weight, vehicle speed and environmental conditions (reflecting the impact of temperature, humidity, etc. on emissions), because these three factors will directly affect the energy consumption and emission level of the vehicle, the comprehensive function expression method of the dynamic carbon emission factor of vehicle fuel is as follows;

[0061] FC h-j-g-l =f(FCh-base ,M j ,M base ,V g ,V base ,ECF l )

[0062] In the formula, FC h-j-g-l Indicates the dynamic carbon emission factor of vehicle fuel; FC h-base M represents the benchmark fuel emission factor of the hth type of fuel (gasoline, diesel, etc.); j represents the mass of the jth fuel vehicle (fuel vehicles can be classified according to actual conditions); M base Represents the reference vehicle mass; V g represents the vehicle speed in the g-th state (deceleration, idling, constant speed, acceleration), and V g The value is the average speed of each stage (deceleration, idling, constant speed, acceleration); V base Indicates the reference speed; ECF l The environmental condition factor represents the environmental condition (temperature, humidity, etc.) of the lth type (l=1, 2, 3, ... δ represent different types of environmental conditions respectively).

[0063] The specific calculation formula for the dynamic carbon emission factor of vehicle fuel is as follows:

[0064]

[0065] When V g ≠0, the vehicle is in one of three states, namely, deceleration state, constant speed state, and acceleration state, then V base The values ​​of are as follows:

[0066]

[0067] Where V base-减速 Indicates the reference speed in deceleration state; V base-匀速 Indicates the reference speed in uniform speed state; V base-加速 Indicates the reference speed in the acceleration state; β and γ are adjustment factors.

[0068] When V g = 0, the vehicle is in idling state, and FC h-j-g-l The value is FC h-base .

[0069] Step 4: Calculate the total carbon emissions of energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities;

[0070] The main emission sources of energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities include lighting systems, HVAC systems, domestic hot water systems, water pump systems, computer room systems, maintenance systems, canteens, monitoring and security systems, office equipment, etc. Calculations are made from five categories, mainly including electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas. The total carbon emissions of each emission source of the energy consumption system and ancillary facilities of the toll station are calculated as follows:

[0071]

[0072] Where W1 represents the total carbon emissions from various emission sources of the toll station energy consumption system and ancillary facilities;

[0073]

[0074] Respectively represent the carbon emissions generated by the consumption of electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas at toll stations; X i , B i , D i , Y i , G i FC represents the consumption of electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas of the i emission source (i = 1, 2, 3, ... n represents different emission sources) of the energy consumption system and ancillary facilities of the toll station; 电力 , FC 汽油 , FC 柴油 , FC 液化石油气 , FC 天然气 Represent the carbon emission factors of electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas respectively.

[0075] Step 5, calculate the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities. The main source of carbon emissions from vehicles entering and exiting toll stations is fuel consumption. Different lanes at toll stations (electronic toll lanes (ETC), manual toll lanes (MTC)) have different waiting efficiencies and generate different fuel consumption. Under the MTC charging mode, vehicles enter and exit the toll station by decelerating, idling in queue, and accelerating. Under the ETC charging mode, vehicles enter and exit the toll station by decelerating, maintaining a constant speed, and accelerating. Based on this, it is necessary to first calculate the fuel consumption of vehicles entering and exiting the toll station, and then convert it into carbon dioxide emissions for calculation.

[0076] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the specific process of step 5 is as follows:

[0077] Step 5.1, vehicle type classification. Vehicle type classification plays an important role in the carbon emission accounting of highway toll stations. Different vehicle types have significant differences in emission characteristics, fuel consumption and driving behavior. For example, heavy trucks usually produce higher carbon emissions than light buses during acceleration and deceleration. By fine-tuning the vehicle type classification, the carbon emissions of various types of vehicles at toll stations can be more accurately assessed, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the accounting model. In addition, vehicle type classification can also provide a basis for formulating targeted emission reduction strategies, which helps to optimize traffic management and improve environmental quality. In order to improve the accuracy of the accounting model, the vehicle type classification of highway toll stations is shown in Table 1.

[0078] Table 1 Classification of vehicle types at highway toll stations

[0079]

[0080] As shown in Table 1, fuel vehicles are divided into 9 categories, and the type of fuel vehicle is represented by the character j (j=1, 2, 3...9), among which gasoline fuel vehicles (passenger cars) are divided into 4 categories according to the number of seats (j values ​​are 1, 2, 3, 4), and diesel fuel vehicles (trucks) are divided into 5 categories according to the vehicle mass (j values ​​are 5, 6, 7, 8, 9); trams are divided into 9 categories, and the type of trams is represented by the character α (α=1, 2, 3...9).

[0081] Step 5.2, calculate the fuel consumption of fuel vehicles and the power consumption of electric vehicles in the manual toll lane (MTC). The calculation is divided into three stages, including the MTC deceleration stage, the MTC queuing idling stage, and the MTC acceleration stage. In each stage, calculate the fuel consumption of fuel vehicles and the power consumption of electric vehicles.

[0082] Phase 1: MTC deceleration phase

[0083] (1) Calculation of fuel consumption of fuel vehicles during deceleration phase.

[0084] Use the average speed formula to calculate the time t that the vehicle takes to decelerate when passing through the MTC lane. MTC-减速 During the deceleration process, the vehicle changes from the initial speed V 0-MTC Slow down to the target speed V f-MTC , the deceleration distance is d MTC-减速 , which can be expressed by the following formula:

[0085] Average speed during deceleration for:

[0086]

[0087] Time t MTC-减速 for:

[0088]

[0089] Fuel consumption during deceleration It is related to the vehicle's deceleration time and the formula is:

[0090]

[0091] In the formula, is the fuel consumption of the jth fuel vehicle during deceleration (unit: L); t MTC-减速 Indicates the deceleration time of the MTC vehicle (unit: h); It is the unit fuel consumption of the j-th type fuel vehicle during deceleration (unit: L / h).

[0092] (2) Power consumption of Class α trams during deceleration calculate:

[0093]

[0094] In the formula, represents the energy consumption rate of the αth type tram during the deceleration phase (kWh / km); d MTC-减速 Deceleration distance (km).

[0095] Phase 2: MTC queuing idling phase

[0096] (1) Calculation of fuel consumption of fuel vehicles at idling stage;

[0097] The waiting time of vehicles at toll booths follows Poisson distribution, and the service time of toll booths follows negative exponential distribution. According to queuing theory, the queuing situation of vehicles entering and leaving toll booths can be simplified into an M / M / C system. In queuing theory, the M / M / C system is a common queuing model used to describe the queuing phenomenon of multiple service counters. The following is the calculation method of each indicator of the model:

[0098]

[0099] Average Captain L s :

[0100]

[0101] Average queue length L q :

[0102]

[0103] Where P0 represents the probability that there are no customers in the system; P k represents the probability that the system has k customers in a stable state; λ is the average arrival rate of vehicles per unit time, vehicles / h; μ is the average service rate of the system per unit time, vehicles / h; L sFor the system captain, m; L q is the average queue length, m; c is the number of toll lanes; It represents the service intensity. If ρ<1, the system is stable. If ρ>1, the queue length will increase over time.

[0104] According to Little's formula:

[0105]

[0106] Where W q Indicates the average waiting time (unit: s); W s Indicates the average waiting time (unit: s).

[0107] When vehicles are idling in the queue, the idling time is equal to the average waiting time W in the queue process. q , that is, the vehicle's idling time t MTC-怠速 =W q .

[0108] Fuel consumption during idling Related to the vehicle's idling time, the formula is:

[0109]

[0110] In the formula, is the fuel consumption of the jth fuel vehicle during idling (unit: L); t MTC-怠速 Indicates the idling time of the MTC vehicle (unit: h); It is the unit fuel consumption of the j-th type fuel vehicle during idling (unit: L / h).

[0111] (2) Power consumption of Class α trams during queuing and idling calculate:

[0112]

[0113] In the formula, It represents the idling power (kW) of the αth class tram during the queuing idling stage.

[0114] The third stage: MTC acceleration stage

[0115] (1) Calculation of fuel consumption of fuel vehicles during acceleration

[0116] Similarly, the average speed formula is used to calculate the time t of the vehicle's acceleration process through the manual toll lane (MTC) MTC-加速 During the acceleration process, the vehicle changes from an initial speed V s-MTC Slow down to the target speed V t-MTC , the acceleration distance is d MTC-加速, which can be expressed by the following formula:

[0117] Average speed during acceleration for:

[0118]

[0119] Time t MTC-加速 for:

[0120]

[0121] Fuel consumption during acceleration Related to the vehicle's acceleration time, the formula is:

[0122]

[0123] In the formula, is the fuel consumption of the jth fuel vehicle during acceleration (unit: L); t MTC-加速 Indicates the acceleration time of the MTC vehicle (unit: h); It is the unit fuel consumption of the j-th fuel vehicle during acceleration (unit: L / h).

[0124] (2) Power consumption of Class α electric vehicles during acceleration calculate

[0125]

[0126] In the formula, It represents the acceleration power (kW) of the αth category tram during the acceleration phase.

[0127] Through the above three stages of analysis and calculation, when vehicles pass through the manual toll lane (MTC), the carbon emissions of fuel vehicles and electric vehicles are calculated using the following formulas:

[0128]

[0129] In the formula, It represents the carbon emission of the j-th (j is 1, 2, 3, 4) gasoline-fueled vehicle (passenger car) when passing through the manual toll lane (MTC); represents the carbon emissions of the jth (j is 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) diesel fuel vehicle (truck) when passing through the manual toll lane (MTC); FC 汽油-j-减速-1 , FC 汽油-j-怠速-1 , FC 汽油-j-加速-1 FC represents the fuel carbon emission factor of the j-th (j is 1, 2, 3, 4) gasoline fuel vehicle (passenger car) in deceleration, idling and acceleration states respectively; 柴油-j-减速-1 , FC 柴油-j-怠速-1 , FC 柴油-j-加速-1They represent the fuel carbon emission factors of the j-th (j is 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) diesel fuel vehicle (truck) in deceleration, idling and acceleration states respectively; represents the carbon emissions of the αth type (α=1,2,3…9) tram when passing through the manual toll lane (MTC); FC 电力 Represents the carbon emission factor of electricity.

[0130] Step 5.3, calculation of fuel consumption of fuel vehicles and electricity consumption of electric vehicles in the Electronic Toll Collection Lane (ETC). The calculation is divided into three stages, including the ETC deceleration stage, the ETC constant speed stage, and the ETC acceleration stage. In each stage, the fuel consumption of fuel vehicles and electricity consumption of electric vehicles are calculated separately.

[0131] Phase 1: ETC deceleration phase

[0132] (1) Calculation of fuel consumption of fuel vehicles during deceleration phase.

[0133] The method for calculating the deceleration time is the same as that for the MTC lane. During the deceleration process, the vehicle changes from the initial speed V 0-ETC Slow down to the target speed V f-ETC , the deceleration distance is d ETC-减速 , which can be expressed by the following formula:

[0134] Average speed during deceleration for:

[0135]

[0136] Time t ETC-减速 for:

[0137]

[0138] Fuel consumption during deceleration It is related to the vehicle's deceleration time and the formula is:

[0139]

[0140] In the formula, is the fuel consumption of the j-th fuel vehicle during deceleration (unit: L); t ETC-减速 Indicates the deceleration time of ETC vehicles (unit: h); It is the unit fuel consumption of the j-th type fuel vehicle during deceleration (unit: L / h).

[0141] (2) Power consumption of Class α trams during deceleration calculate:

[0142]

[0143] In the formula, represents the energy consumption rate of the αth type tram during the deceleration phase (kWh / km); d ETC-减速 Indicates the deceleration distance (km).

[0144] Phase 2: ETC uniform speed phase

[0145] (1) Calculation of fuel consumption of fuel vehicles at a constant speed.

[0146] In the ETC charging mode, the uniform speed driving time t of a vehicle passing through a toll station ETC-匀速 , can pass the toll booth at a constant speed distance d ETC-匀速 and uniform driving speed To calculate:

[0147]

[0148] After the vehicle has decelerated, it slows down to the target speed V f-ETC , then the uniform speed V f-ETC ,Right now t ETC-匀速 It can also be expressed by the following formula:

[0149]

[0150] Fuel consumption at constant speed It is related to the uniform speed time of the vehicle, and the formula is:

[0151]

[0152] In the formula, represents the fuel consumption of the j-th fuel vehicle at a constant speed (unit: L); t ETC-匀速 Indicates the uniform speed time of ETC vehicles (unit: h); It represents the unit fuel consumption of the j-th fuel vehicle at a constant speed (unit: L / h).

[0153] (2) Power consumption of Class α trams at a constant speed calculate:

[0154]

[0155] In the formula, represents the energy consumption rate of the αth type tram at a constant speed (kWh / km); d ETC-匀速 Indicates the uniform speed distance (km).

[0156] The third stage: ETC acceleration stage

[0157] (1) Calculation of fuel consumption of fuel vehicles during acceleration phase.

[0158] Similarly, the average speed formula is used to calculate the time t of the vehicle accelerating through the electronic toll collection lane (ETC) ETC-加速 During the acceleration process, the vehicle changes from an initial speed V s-ETC Slow down to the target speed V t-ETC , the acceleration distance is d ETC-加速 , which can be expressed by the following formula:

[0159] Average speed during acceleration for:

[0160]

[0161] Time t ETC-加速 for:

[0162]

[0163] Fuel consumption during acceleration Related to the vehicle's acceleration time, the formula is:

[0164]

[0165] In the formula, Indicates the fuel consumption of the j-th fuel vehicle during acceleration (unit: L); t ETC-加速 Indicates the acceleration time of the ETC vehicle (unit: h); It represents the unit fuel consumption of the j-th fuel vehicle during acceleration (unit: L / h).

[0166] (2) Power consumption of Class α electric vehicles during acceleration calculate:

[0167]

[0168] In the formula, It represents the acceleration power (kW) of the αth category tram during the acceleration phase.

[0169] Through the above three stages of analysis and calculation, when a vehicle passes through an electronic toll collection lane (ETC), the carbon emissions of fuel vehicles and electric vehicles are calculated using the following formulas:

[0170]

[0171] In the formula, It represents the carbon emission of the j-th (j is 1, 2, 3, 4) gasoline-fueled vehicle (passenger car) when passing through the electronic toll collection lane (ETC); represents the carbon emissions of the jth (j is 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) diesel fuel vehicle (truck) when passing through the electronic toll collection lane (ETC); FC汽油-j-减速-1 , FC 汽油-j-匀速-1 , FC 汽油-j-加速-1 FC represents the fuel carbon emission factor of the j-th (j is 1, 2, 3, 4) gasoline fuel vehicle (passenger car) in deceleration, constant speed, and acceleration states; 柴油-j-减速-1 , FC 柴油-j-匀速-1 , FC 柴油-j-加速-1 They represent the fuel carbon emission factors of the j-th (j is 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) diesel fuel vehicle (truck) in deceleration, constant speed, and acceleration states respectively; represents the carbon emissions of the αth type (α=1,2,3…9) tram when it passes through the electronic toll collection lane (ETC); FC 电力 Represents the carbon emission factor of electricity.

[0172] Step 5.4, calculation of total carbon emissions from vehicle activities at toll stations. By combining the carbon emissions of all vehicle types under different toll modes, the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities in the toll station area can be obtained. The calculation formula for the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities at toll stations W2 is as follows:

[0173] W2=W MTC +W ETC

[0174]

[0175] Where W MTC and W ETC They represent the carbon emissions of vehicles passing through the manual toll lane (MTC) and the non-stop toll lane (ETC); W MTC-客车 , W MTC-货车 and W MTC-电车 They represent the carbon emissions of passenger cars, trucks and trams passing through the manual toll lane (MTC); and They represent the number of j-th (j is 1, 2, 3, 4) gasoline-fueled vehicles (passenger cars), j-th (j is 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) diesel-fueled vehicles (trucks) and α-th (α=1, 2, 3…9) electric vehicles passing through the manual toll lane (MTC); W ETC-客车 , W ETC-货车 and W ETC-电车 They represent the carbon emissions of passenger cars, trucks and trams passing through the ETC lanes respectively; and They respectively represent the number of j-th (j is 1, 2, 3, 4) gasoline-fueled vehicles (passenger cars), j-th (j is 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) diesel-fueled vehicles (trucks) and α-th (α=1, 2, 3…9) trams passing through the non-stop toll lane (ETC).

[0176] Step 6, calculating the total carbon emissions from waste treatment based on the carbon emission factor of waste treatment;

[0177] The waste generated by toll stations mainly includes solid waste and sewage (car wash water, septic tank sewage, etc.). Solid waste can be treated by incineration and biochemical methods; sewage treatment methods mainly include biological treatment (such as activated sludge method), chemical treatment (such as flocculation sedimentation method), and physical treatment (such as filtration, sedimentation, etc.). The total carbon emissions from waste treatment are calculated from three aspects. The specific formula is as follows:

[0178] (1) Solid waste incineration:

[0179]

[0180] Where W 固-焚烧 represents the carbon emission from solid waste incineration (t); U φ Indicates different types ( Respectively represent different types of waste) solid waste incineration treatment volume (t); FC 固-焚烧 Represents the carbon emission factor of solid waste incineration (tCO2 / ton).

[0181] (2) Biochemical treatment of solid waste:

[0182]

[0183] Where W 固-生化 represents the carbon emission from biochemical treatment of solid waste (t); Z φ Indicates different types ( Respectively represent different types of waste) solid waste biochemical treatment volume (t); FC 固-生化 It represents the carbon emission factor of biochemical treatment of solid waste (tCO2 / ton).

[0184] (3) Domestic sewage treatment:

[0185] W 污水 =H 污水 ×FC 污水

[0186] Where W 污水 represents the carbon emission of domestic sewage treatment (unit: t); H 污水 Indicates the amount of domestic sewage treated (t); FC 污水 It represents the carbon emission factor of domestic sewage treatment (tCO2 / ton).

[0187] Calculation formula for total carbon emissions from waste treatment W3:

[0188] W3=W固-焚烧 +W 固-生化 +W 污水

[0189] Step 7, calculating the total carbon emissions of the toll station based on the total carbon emissions of the energy consumption system and its ancillary facilities, the total carbon emissions of vehicle activities, and the total carbon emissions of waste treatment;

[0190] Through the above analysis, the calculation formula for the total carbon emissions of toll stations is as follows:

[0191] W 收费站 =W1+W2+W3

[0192] Where W1 is the total carbon emissions from the energy consumption system and ancillary facilities of the toll station; W2 is the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities at the toll station; and W3 is the total carbon emissions from waste treatment at the toll station.

[0193] Example

[0194] Taking a toll station as an example, the specific implementation steps of a toll station carbon emission accounting method under different charging modes of the present invention are described in detail below:

[0195] Step 1: Define the carbon emission accounting boundary of toll stations

[0196] The accounting boundaries of carbon emissions at toll stations mainly cover three aspects: carbon emissions from energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities, carbon emissions from vehicle activities, and carbon emissions from waste treatment. Carbon emissions from energy consumption systems include direct and indirect CO2 emissions from buildings and infrastructure, mainly including lighting, HVAC, domestic hot water, water pumps, machine room systems, etc.; carbon emissions from vehicle activities include CO2 emissions from oil trucks and electric vehicles passing through toll stations; and carbon emissions from waste treatment involve CO2 emissions from solid waste and sewage treatment processes. By clarifying these accounting boundaries, comprehensive and accurate accounting of carbon emissions at toll stations can be achieved.

[0197] Step 2, Data Collection

[0198] Based on the definition of the accounting boundary, step 2 involves the collection of relevant data during the operation of the toll station, mainly including energy consumption, vehicle activities and waste disposal data.

[0199] Collect energy consumption data at toll booths, including usage of gasoline, diesel, LPG, natural gas and electricity.

[0200] Collect the types and quantities of vehicles under different charging modes, covering the number of different types of passenger cars and trucks.

[0201] Collect data related to vehicle activities, such as vehicle effective mass, idling specific fuel consumption, maximum speed limit in service areas, length of toll plazas, number of manual toll collection lanes (MTC) and electronic toll collection lanes (ETC), etc.

[0202] Collect data on solid waste and sewage treatment volume. Comprehensive collection of this data provides an accurate basis for subsequent carbon emission accounting.

[0203] By investigating the toll stations, we obtained various types of specific original data, as shown in Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4.

[0204] Table 2 Various types of raw data

[0205]

[0206]

[0207] Table 3 Number of vehicles at MTC toll stations on expressways (unit: vehicles / year)

[0208]

[0209] Table 4 Number of vehicles using ETC at highway toll stations (unit: vehicles / year)

[0210]

[0211] Step 3: Selection and calculation of carbon emission factors; energy carbon emission factors, vehicle fuel carbon emission factors, waste treatment carbon emission factors, etc.;

[0212] Carbon emission factors should be selected from authoritative databases, such as the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, to ensure the latest and accuracy of the factors. Various carbon emission factors are shown in Table 5.

[0213] Table 5 Various carbon emission factors

[0214]

[0215]

[0216] The carbon emission factor of vehicle fuel is calculated according to the formula. The specific calculation formula of the dynamic carbon emission factor of vehicle fuel is as follows:

[0217]

[0218] The input data are shown in Table 6, Table 7 and Table 8.

[0219] Table 6 Parameter value table

[0220] <![CDATA[FC 汽油-base (kg / L)]]> <![CDATA[FC 柴油-base (kg / L)]]> β γ <![CDATA[ECF l ]]> 2.9 3 0.3 0.2 1.05

[0221] Table 7 Table of values ​​for various types of vehicle mass

[0222]

[0223] Table 8 Speed ​​value table

[0224]

[0225] Through the input data of Table 6, Table 7 and Table 8, the dynamic carbon emission factor of vehicle fuel can be calculated according to the formula. The specific values ​​are shown in Table 9 and Table 10.

[0226] Table 9 Carbon emission factors of MTC vehicle fuel

[0227]

[0228] Since the speed of vehicles passing through the manual toll lane (MTC) and the electronic toll lane (ETC) is different, the FC of vehicles passing through the ETC 汽油-j-减速-1 , FC 柴油-j-减速-1 , FC 汽油-j-加速-1 , FC 柴油-j-加速-1 The values ​​of are different, as shown in Table 10.

[0229] Table 10 ETC vehicle fuel carbon emission factors

[0230]

[0231] Step 4: Calculate carbon emissions from energy-consuming systems and ancillary facilities

[0232] The calculation is carried out from five categories, mainly including electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas. The total carbon emissions of each emission source of the toll station energy consumption system and ancillary facilities are calculated as follows:

[0233]

[0234] According to the data in the above table, the total carbon emissions from various emission sources of energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities is W1 = 2348.02t.

[0235] Step 5: Calculate carbon emissions from vehicle activities

[0236] Step 5.1, vehicle type classification. The vehicles passing through the toll station are divided into two categories: passenger cars and trucks; passenger cars are divided into gasoline cars and electric cars, and trucks are divided into diesel cars and electric cars; passenger cars are divided into 4 subcategories according to the number of seats, and trucks are divided into 5 subcategories according to the tonnage of mass, as shown in Table 1.

[0237] Step 5.2, calculate the fuel consumption of fuel vehicles and the power consumption of electric vehicles in the manual toll lane (MTC). The calculation is divided into three stages, including the MTC deceleration stage, the MTC queuing idling stage, and the MTC acceleration stage. In each stage, calculate the fuel consumption of fuel vehicles and the power consumption of electric vehicles.

[0238] Phase 1: MTC deceleration phase

[0239] According to the calculation formula, the fuel consumption and power consumption of a vehicle (passenger car or truck) in the MTC deceleration stage are calculated respectively. The main parameter settings and calculation results are shown in Table 11.

[0240] Table 11 Fuel consumption and power consumption of a vehicle (passenger car or truck) during the MTC deceleration phase

[0241]

[0242] Phase 2: MTC queuing idling phase

[0243] According to the calculation formula, the fuel consumption and power consumption of a vehicle (passenger car or truck) in the MTC queuing idling stage are calculated respectively. The main parameter settings and calculation results are shown in Table 12.

[0244] Table 12 Fuel consumption and power consumption of a vehicle (passenger car or truck) in the MTC queue idling stage

[0245]

[0246] The third stage: MTC acceleration stage

[0247] According to the calculation formula, the fuel consumption and power consumption of a vehicle (passenger car or truck) in the MTC acceleration phase are calculated respectively. The main parameter settings and calculation results are shown in Table 13.

[0248] Table 13 Fuel consumption and power consumption of a vehicle (passenger car or truck) during MTC acceleration phase

[0249]

[0250] Through the above three stages of analysis and calculation, when vehicles pass through the manual toll lane (MTC), the carbon emissions of fuel vehicles and electric vehicles are calculated using the following formulas:

[0251]

[0252] Through the calculation formula, the carbon emissions of four types of gasoline-fueled vehicles (passenger cars) passing through the manual toll lane (MTC) can be calculated as follows:

[0253] Through the calculation formula, the carbon emissions of five types of diesel fuel vehicles (trucks) passing through the manual toll lane (MTC) can be calculated as follows:

[0254] Through the calculation formula, it can be calculated that the carbon emissions of 9 types (α=1, 2, 3…9) of trams passing through the manual toll lane (MTC) are

[0255] Step 5.3, calculation of fuel consumption of fuel vehicles and electricity consumption of electric vehicles in the Electronic Toll Collection Lane (ETC). The calculation is divided into three stages, including the ETC deceleration stage, the ETC constant speed stage, and the ETC acceleration stage. In each stage, the fuel consumption of fuel vehicles and electricity consumption of electric vehicles are calculated separately.

[0256] Phase 1: ETC deceleration phase

[0257] According to the calculation formula, the fuel consumption and power consumption of a vehicle (passenger car or truck) during the ETC deceleration stage are calculated respectively. The main parameter settings and calculation results are shown in Table 14.

[0258] Table 14 Fuel consumption and power consumption of a vehicle (passenger car or truck) during the ETC deceleration phase

[0259]

[0260] Phase 2: ETC uniform speed phase

[0261] According to the calculation formula, the fuel consumption and power consumption of a vehicle (passenger car or truck) in the ETC uniform speed stage are calculated respectively. The main parameter settings and calculation results are shown in Table 15.

[0262] Table 15 Fuel consumption and power consumption of a vehicle (passenger car or truck) at a constant speed in ETC

[0263]

[0264] The third stage: ETC acceleration stage

[0265] According to the calculation formula, the fuel consumption and power consumption of a vehicle (passenger car or truck) during the ETC acceleration phase are calculated respectively. The main parameter settings and calculation results are shown in Table 16.

[0266] Table 16 Fuel consumption and power consumption of a vehicle (passenger car or truck) during ETC acceleration phase

[0267]

[0268] Through the above three stages of analysis and calculation, when a vehicle passes through an electronic toll collection lane (ETC), the carbon emissions of fuel vehicles and electric vehicles are calculated using the following formulas:

[0269]

[0270] By using the calculation formula, the carbon emissions of four types of gasoline-fueled vehicles (passenger cars) passing through the electronic toll collection lane (ETC) can be calculated as follows:

[0271] By using the calculation formula, the carbon emissions of five types of diesel fuel vehicles (trucks) passing through the electronic toll collection lane (ETC) can be calculated as follows:

[0272]

[0273] Through the calculation formula, it can be calculated that the carbon emissions of 9 types (α=1, 2, 3…9) of trams passing through the electronic toll collection lane (ETC) are

[0274] Step 5.4, calculation of total carbon emissions from vehicle activities at toll stations. By combining the carbon emissions of all vehicle types under different toll modes, the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities in the toll station area can be obtained. The calculation formula for the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities at toll stations W2 is as follows:

[0275] W2=W MTC +W ETC

[0276]

[0277] Through the calculation formula, based on the traffic flow data provided in Table 3 and Table 4, W can be calculated MTC =546.119t, W ETC =383.944t, W2=930.063t.

[0278] Step 6: Calculate carbon emissions from waste treatment

[0279] The carbon emissions from waste treatment are calculated from three aspects. The specific formula is as follows:

[0280]

[0281]

[0282] According to the formula, W 固-焚烧 =54.9t,W 固-生化 =54t,W污水 =344.05t.

[0283] The total carbon emissions from waste treatment are calculated as W3 = W 固-焚烧 +W 固-生化 +W 污水 , therefore W3=452.95t.

[0284] Step 7: Calculate the total carbon emissions of toll stations

[0285] Through the above analysis, the calculation formula for the total carbon emissions of toll stations is W 收费站 =W1+W2+W3, so W 收费站 =3731.033t.

[0286] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a toll station carbon emission accounting system under different charging modes, including:

[0287] The accounting boundary definition module is configured to define the carbon emission accounting boundary of highway toll stations, including carbon emissions from energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities, carbon emissions from vehicle activities, and carbon emissions from waste treatment;

[0288] a data collection module configured to collect data including energy consumption data of toll booths, vehicle types and quantities, vehicle activity-related data, and solid waste treatment and sewage treatment volumes;

[0289] The carbon emission factor determination module is configured to determine the energy carbon emission factor, the vehicle fuel carbon emission factor, and the waste treatment carbon emission factor, wherein the energy carbon emission factor includes the carbon emission factors of gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, and electricity; the waste treatment carbon emission factor includes the carbon emission factors of solid waste incineration treatment, solid waste biochemical treatment, and sewage treatment;

[0290] The first carbon emission total amount accounting module is configured to calculate the total carbon emission of the energy consumption system and its ancillary facilities based on the energy carbon emission factor;

[0291] A second carbon emission total amount accounting module is configured to calculate the total carbon emission of vehicle activities based on the vehicle fuel carbon emission factor and the electricity carbon emission factor;

[0292] a third carbon emission total amount accounting module, configured to calculate the total carbon emission amount of waste treatment based on the waste treatment carbon emission factor; and

[0293] The toll station carbon emission total amount accounting module is configured to calculate the toll station carbon emission total amount based on the energy consumption system and ancillary facilities carbon emission total amount, vehicle activity carbon emission total amount, and waste treatment carbon emission total amount.

[0294] An embodiment of the present invention further provides another computer device, including a processor and a memory configured to store a computer program that can be run on the processor; wherein, when the processor is configured to run the computer program, the method steps in the aforementioned embodiment are executed.

[0295] In practical applications, the processor includes a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or a digital signal processor (DSP). It is understandable that for different devices, the electronic device used to implement the function of the processor may be other, and the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit it.

[0296] The above-mentioned memory can be a volatile memory (volatile memory), such as a random access memory (RAM); or a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as a read-only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a hard disk (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD); or a combination of the above-mentioned types of memory, and provide instructions and data to the processor.

[0297] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes. The schemes in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in various computer languages, for example, object-oriented programming language Java and literal scripting language JavaScript, etc.

[0298] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0299] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture including an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0300] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0301] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0302] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for calculating carbon emissions at toll stations under different charging modes, characterized in that The steps include: Step 1: Define the carbon emission accounting boundary of highway toll stations, including carbon emissions from energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities, carbon emissions from vehicle activities, and carbon emissions from waste treatment; Step 2: Collect data, including energy consumption data at toll stations, vehicle types and numbers, vehicle activity data, and solid waste and sewage treatment volumes; Step 3, determine the energy carbon emission factor, vehicle fuel carbon emission factor, and waste treatment carbon emission factor, where the energy carbon emission factor includes gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, and electricity carbon emission factors; the waste treatment carbon emission factor includes solid waste incineration treatment, solid waste biochemical treatment, and sewage treatment carbon emission factors; Step 4: Calculate the total carbon emissions of energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities based on the energy carbon emission factor; Step 5: Calculate the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities based on the vehicle fuel carbon emission factor and electricity carbon emission factor; Step 6, calculating the total carbon emissions from waste treatment based on the carbon emission factor of waste treatment; Step 7, calculate the total carbon emissions of the toll station based on the total carbon emissions of the energy consumption system and its ancillary facilities, the total carbon emissions of vehicle activities, and the total carbon emissions of waste treatment.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the carbon emissions of energy-consuming systems and ancillary facilities include CO2 directly emitted from fossil energy consumed by existing buildings and infrastructure, as well as CO2 indirectly emitted from electricity consumption; emission sources include lighting systems, HVAC systems, domestic hot water systems, water pump systems, computer room systems, maintenance systems, canteens, monitoring and security systems, and office equipment; Vehicle activity carbon emissions include direct and indirect CO2 emissions caused by vehicles passing through toll booths; emission sources include vehicles; Carbon emissions from waste treatment include solid waste treatment generated by toll stations and CO2 emissions generated by sewage treatment; emission sources include solid waste incineration, solid waste biochemical treatment and domestic sewage treatment.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the energy consumption data of the toll station includes the usage of gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas and electricity; the vehicle types and quantities include the number of different types of vehicles under different charging modes; the vehicle activity-related data includes the effective mass of different types of vehicles, idling unit fuel consumption, maximum speed limit of service areas, length of toll plaza, number of manual toll lanes, and number of electronic non-stop toll lanes.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the carbon emission factors of gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, electricity, solid waste incineration, solid waste biochemical treatment, and sewage treatment are selected from relevant specifications and standards; the carbon emission factor of the vehicle fuel is obtained by calculation.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the total carbon emissions of the energy consumption system and its ancillary facilities are calculated according to the following formula: Where W1 represents the total carbon emissions from various emission sources of the toll station energy consumption system and ancillary facilities; Respectively represent the carbon emissions generated by the consumption of electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas at toll stations; X i , B i , D i , Y i , G i represents the usage of electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas in the i emission source of the toll station energy consumption system and its ancillary facilities, i = 1, 2, 3, ... n, representing different emission sources; FC 电力 , FC 汽油 , FC 柴油 , FC 液化石油气 , FC 天然气 Represent the carbon emission factors of electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas respectively.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5, the formula for calculating the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities is as follows: W2=W MTC +W ETC Where W2 represents the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities, W MTC and W ETC They represent the carbon emissions of vehicles passing through the manual toll lane MTC and the non-stop toll lane ETC respectively.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6, the formula for calculating the total carbon emissions from waste treatment is as follows: W3=W 固-焚烧 +W 固-生化 +W 污水 Where W3 represents the total carbon emissions from waste treatment, W 固-焚烧 represents the carbon emissions from solid waste incineration, W 固-生化 represents the carbon emissions from biochemical treatment of solid waste, W 污水 Represents carbon emissions from domestic sewage treatment.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 7, the formula for calculating the total carbon emissions of the toll station is as follows: <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">W<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 收费站 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> =W1+W2+W3 Where W 收费站 is the total carbon emissions of the toll station; W1 is the total carbon emissions of the energy consumption system and ancillary facilities of the toll station, W2 is the total carbon emissions of vehicle activities at the toll station, and W3 is the total carbon emissions from waste treatment.

9. A carbon emission accounting system for toll stations under different charging modes, characterized by: include, The accounting boundary definition module is configured to define the carbon emission accounting boundary of highway toll stations, including carbon emissions from energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities, carbon emissions from vehicle activities, and carbon emissions from waste treatment; A data collection module is configured to collect data including energy consumption data of toll booths, vehicle types and quantities, vehicle activity-related data, and solid waste treatment volume and sewage treatment volume; The carbon emission factor determination module is configured to determine the energy carbon emission factor, the vehicle fuel carbon emission factor, and the waste treatment carbon emission factor, wherein the energy carbon emission factor includes the carbon emission factors of gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, and electricity; the waste treatment carbon emission factor includes the carbon emission factors of solid waste incineration treatment, solid waste biochemical treatment, and sewage treatment; The first carbon emission total amount accounting module is configured to calculate the total carbon emission of the energy consumption system and its ancillary facilities based on the energy carbon emission factor; A second carbon emission total amount accounting module is configured to calculate the total carbon emission of vehicle activities based on the vehicle fuel carbon emission factor and the electricity carbon emission factor; a third carbon emission total amount accounting module, configured to calculate the total carbon emission amount of waste treatment based on the waste treatment carbon emission factor; and The toll station carbon emission total amount accounting module is configured to calculate the toll station carbon emission total amount based on the energy consumption system and ancillary facilities carbon emission total amount, vehicle activity carbon emission total amount, and waste treatment carbon emission total amount.

10. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor; characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of a method for calculating carbon emissions at a toll station under different charging modes as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 are implemented.

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