Pollination method for breaking self-incompatibility of isatis tinctoria
By screening and pruning the blue plants, spraying the urea solution and shaking pollination, the problem of blue self-incompatibility is solved, and efficient self-pollination and breeding effects are achieved, saving breeding time and cost.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411665562.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-11
AI Technical Summary
Sanglan is a typical cross-pollinated plant, and its self-combination is not friendly and the inbred line cannot be cultivated, making it very difficult to select and breed new Sanglan varieties.
Self-pollination is achieved by screening strong growth of pine plants, pruning and installing insect-proof devices, spraying stigma treatment agent (urea solution) and shaking pollination.
Breaking the inconsistency between self-incompatibility of sanglan has improved the breeding effect of sanglan, obtaining inbred lines with higher purity, saving breeding time and reducing production costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN119586498A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop breeding, and relates to a pollination method and a device for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica. Background Art
[0002] Isatis tinctoria L. is a biennial herb of the genus Isatis in the family Cruciferae. It is an important medicinal plant. The root is used as Radix Isatidis and the leaves are used as Folium Isatidis. They have the effects of clearing away heat and detoxifying, cooling blood and removing spots, and relieving sore throat and pain. In particular, the root of Isatis has a good antiviral effect.
[0003] Isatis indigotica is cultivated in Gansu, Shanxi, Henan, Anhui and other places. The quality of farmers' varieties in various places varies greatly. The introduction of varieties from each other causes the mixing of pollen and the degradation of germplasm. The rotation cycle is short during the long-term cultivation in the old production areas. The diseases such as root rot, downy mildew, and sclerotinia of Isatis indigotica gradually increase, causing the yield and quality to show a downward trend. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the quality of Isatis indigotica and increase the yield through breeding methods. Breeding requires repeated self-pollination of Isatis indigotica to obtain a purer inbred line. However, Isatis indigotica is a typical cross-pollination plant, self-incompatible, and it is impossible to cultivate an inbred line, which makes the selection of new Isatis indigotica varieties very difficult.
[0004] The existing method for breeding self-incompatibility is to use a NaCl solution with an appropriate mass concentration of 3% to 5% during the flowering period and spray the self-incompatible plants. This can also effectively breed self-incompatible lines. However, among different Cruciferae species, the required NaCl solution concentration varies greatly and sometimes other reagents such as boric acid need to be added to assist, which results in poor results. Summary of the invention
[0005] The invention provides a pollination method and device for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, breaks the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica, realizes self-pollination, and improves the breeding effect of Isatis indigotica.
[0006] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is achieved by the following measures: A pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica is carried out as follows: S1, plant selection: select strong and robust Isatis indigotica plants with thick taproots for planting; S2, pruning: When the woad plant enters the early flowering period, cut off the newly opened flowers and keep the branches with better flower development; S3, installing an insect-proof device: putting an insect-proof device on the pruned woad plants; S4, spraying and pollination: when the woad plants enter the blooming period, spray the stigma treatment agent on the stigma of the flowers of the woad plants, and shake the sprayed woad plants for pollination; S5, remove the insect guard: remove the insect guard, cut off the unpollinated flowers, and wait for the woad fruits to mature; S6, harvesting: When the woad fruit turns black and the peel becomes dry, harvest the seeds in time.
[0007] The following is a further optimization and / or improvement of one of the above-mentioned technical solutions: In the above step S4, the stigma treatment agent is a urea solution, the mass concentration of the urea solution is 1% to 5%, and the spraying time is from 12:00 to 17:00 on the same day.
[0008] In the above step S4, the shaking pollination time is to shake the Isatis indigotica plants for pollination in three time periods after spraying the stigma treatment agent. The time periods for shaking pollination are 5 minutes to 10 minutes, 30 minutes to 40 minutes, and 60 minutes to 70 minutes after spraying the stigma treatment agent.
[0009] In the above step S4, the spraying and pollination are repeated for 2 to 4 days.
[0010] In the above step S5, during the shaking pollination, the shaking part is the lower part of the stem of the Isatis indigotica plant.
[0011] In the above step S6, the time for removing the insect-proof device is between the 5th day and the 9th day after the installation of the insect-proof device.
[0012] In the above step S3, the insect-proof net is a nylon mesh, the number of layers of the insect-proof net is 2 to 3, and the number of meshes of the insect-proof net is 24 to 36.
[0013] The second technical solution of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: a device for implementing a pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of woad, comprising an insect-proof device, a treatment agent storage tank, a delivery pump, a sprayer and a pulling rope, the insect-proof device comprising a bracket and an insect-proof cover, a bracket is provided on the outside of each woad plant, an insect-proof cover is provided on the outside of the bracket, a spray main pipe is fixedly connected to the treatment agent storage tank, a plurality of spray branches are fixedly connected to the spray main pipe, a delivery pump is provided on the spray main pipe between the treatment agent storage tank and the leftmost spray branch pipe, a sprayer located above the woad plant is fixedly installed at the lower end of each spray branch pipe, each sprayer is placed on the inner side of the upper part of the bracket, a pulling rope is provided at the lower part of each woad plant, and the front end of the pulling rope is placed on the outside of the insect-proof cover.
[0014] The following is a further optimization and / or improvement of the second technical solution of the above invention: The above also includes a pull plate, an electric pull rod, a timing module and a control module. The electric pull rod is provided with a piston rod that can be extended and retracted backward. The rear end of the piston rod is fixed to the front side of the pull plate. The front end of each pulling rope is fixedly installed at the corresponding position on the rear side of the pull plate. The timing module is connected to the control module, and the control module is respectively connected to the delivery pump and the electric pull rod.
[0015] The above-mentioned bracket includes a first bracket, a second bracket and windproof nails. The first bracket and the second bracket are both in a U-shape with an opening downward. A second bracket arranged in a front-to-back direction is provided on the lower side of the middle part of the first bracket. Windproof nails are fixedly installed on the lower ends of the first bracket and the second bracket.
[0016] The above-mentioned insect-proof cover includes an insect-proof net tube and a net tube support frame. The insect-proof net support frame is in a downwardly opened cylinder shape. An insect-proof net tube is arranged outside the net tube support frame. The insect-proof net tube includes two layers of inner and outer nylon meshes. The mesh number of the nylon mesh is 24 to 36 meshes.
[0017] The invention provides a pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica. The method breaks the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica, realizes self-pollination, and improves the breeding effect of Isatis indigotica. The method has the characteristics of low production cost, good pollination effect and easy operation. The method can not only greatly improve the self-pollination efficiency of Isatis indigotica and obtain an inbred line with higher purity, but also can well prevent insect pollination hybridization, can save Isatis indigotica breeding time, and has high application value in the field of Isatis indigotica breeding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Attached Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the optimal embodiment 12 of the present invention.
[0019] Attached Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the optimal embodiment 12 of the present invention.
[0020] Attached Figure 3 For attachment Figure 1 An enlarged structural diagram of the insect-proof device in FIG.
[0021] The codes in the accompanying drawings are: 1 is a treatment agent storage tank, 2 is a delivery pump, 3 is a spray main pipe, 4 is a spray branch pipe, 5 is a sprayer, 6 is a pull rope, 7 is a pull plate, 8 is an electric pull rod, 9 is a piston rod, 10 is a first bracket, 11 is a second bracket, 12 is a windproof nail, 13 is an insect-proof net cylinder, and 14 is a net cylinder support frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The present invention is not limited by the following embodiments, and the specific implementation method can be determined according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the actual situation. Unless otherwise specified, the various chemical reagents and chemicals mentioned in the present invention are all chemical reagents and chemicals known and used in the prior art; unless otherwise specified, the percentages in the present invention are all mass percentages; unless otherwise specified, the solutions in the present invention are all aqueous solutions with water as the solvent, for example, hydrochloric acid solution is a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution; the normal temperature and room temperature in the present invention generally refer to a temperature of 15°C to 25°C, and are generally defined as 25°C.
[0023] In the present invention, for the convenience of description, the relative position relationship of each component is described according to the attached Figure 1The layout is described in detail, such as the positional relationship of front, back, top, bottom, left, right, etc., which is based on the attached manual. Figure 1 It is determined by the layout direction.
[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments: Embodiment 1: The pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica is carried out as follows: S1, plant selection: select strong and robust Isatis indigotica plants with thick taproots for planting; S2, pruning: When the woad plant enters the early flowering period, cut off the newly opened flowers and keep the branches with better flower development; S3, installing an insect-proof device: putting an insect-proof device on the pruned woad plants; S4, spraying and pollination: when the woad plants enter the blooming period, spray the stigma treatment agent on the stigma of the flowers of the woad plants, and shake the sprayed woad plants for pollination; S5, remove the insect guard: remove the insect guard, cut off the unpollinated flowers, and wait for the woad fruits to mature; S6, harvesting: When the woad fruit turns black and the peel becomes dry, harvest the seeds in time.
[0025] In the present invention, the Isatis indigotica plant is a 2-year-old Isatis indigotica planted in a traditional Chinese medicine planting base in Minle County, Gansu Province.
[0026] Embodiment 2: As an optimization of the above embodiment, in step S4, the stigma treatment agent is a urea solution, the mass concentration of the urea solution is 1% to 5%, and the spraying time is from 12:00 to 17:00 on the same day.
[0027] Example 3: As an optimization of the above example, in step S4, the shaking pollination time is to shake the Isatis indigotica plants for pollination in three time periods after spraying the stigma treatment agent, and the time periods for shaking pollination are 5min to 10min, 30min to 40min, and 60min to 70min after spraying the stigma treatment agent.
[0028] Embodiment 4: As an optimization of the above embodiment, in step S4, the number of days for repeated spraying and pollination is 2 to 4 days.
[0029] Embodiment 5: As an optimization of the above embodiment, in step S5, during shaking pollination, the shaking part is the lower part of the stem of the Isatis indigotica plant.
[0030] Embodiment 6: As an optimization of the above embodiment, in step S6, the time for removing the insect-proof device is from the 5th day to the 9th day after the installation of the insect-proof device.
[0031] Embodiment 7: As attached Figure 1 ,2 As shown, the pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica (indoor greenhouse, indoor environment requirements: temperature is 25°C, sunshine is maintained for 8 hours per day, humidity is 40%), and is carried out as follows: S1, plant selection: select self-incompatible Isatis indigo plants with strong growth, thick taproot, few lateral roots, even leaf edges, short black heads, and strong cold resistance for planting, and perform normal weeding, water and fertilizer management; S2, pruning: when the woad plant enters the early flowering period, cut off the newly opened flowers, cut off the small flower branches at the top of the plant, cut off the small flowers at the tips of the longer flower branches, and keep the flower branches with better flower development; S3, installing an insect-proof device: putting an insect-proof device (the mesh number of the insect-proof net tube 13 is 28 meshes) on the pruned woad plants, and tying a pulling rope 6 at the lower part of the stalk of the woad plants; S4, spraying and pollination: when the woad plants enter the peak flowering period (50% of the flowers are open from 12:00 to 17:00 on the second day after the installation of the insect-proof device), spray the stigma treatment agent (urea solution) with a mass concentration of 5% on the stigma of the flowers of the woad plants, and shake the lower part of the stalk of the woad plants once by pulling the rope 6 at 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 60 minutes after the spraying of the stigma treatment agent, so that the pollen is fully dispersed, and the steps of spraying and pollination are repeated for 3 consecutive days to fully pollinate the flowers of the woad plants; S5, remove the insect-proof device: remove the insect-proof device after 5 days, cut off the unpollinated flowers, weed and manage water and fertilizer normally; S6, harvesting: When the fruit of woad turns black, the skin becomes dry and the seeds in the middle of the fruit become hard, the seeds are ripe and should be harvested in time.
[0032] In Example 7 of the present invention, after harvesting, the average number of grains per plant was 108.
[0033] Embodiment 8: As attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica (indoor greenhouse, indoor environment requirements: temperature is 30°C, sunshine is maintained for 8 hours per day, humidity is 60%), and is carried out as follows: S1, plant selection: select self-incompatible Isatis indigo plants with strong growth, thick taproot, few lateral roots, even leaf edges, short black heads, and strong cold resistance for planting, and perform normal weeding, water and fertilizer management; S2, pruning: when the woad plant enters the early flowering period, cut off the newly opened flowers, cut off the small flower branches at the top of the plant, cut off the small flowers at the tips of the longer flower branches, and keep the flower branches with better flower development; S3, installing an insect-proof device: putting an insect-proof device (the mesh number of the insect-proof net tube 13 is 30 meshes) on the pruned woad plants, and tying a pulling rope 6 at the lower part of the stalk of the woad plants; S4, spraying and pollination: when the woad plants enter the peak flowering period (50% of the flowers are open from 12:00 to 17:00 on the second day after the installation of the insect-proof device), spray the stigma treatment agent (urea solution) with a mass concentration of 2% on the stigma of the woad plants, and shake the lower part of the stalk of the woad plants once by pulling the rope 6 at 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 60 minutes after the spraying of the stigma treatment agent, so that the pollen is fully dispersed and the treated stigma is pollinated. The steps of spraying and pollination are repeated for 2 days, so that the flowers of the woad plants are fully pollinated; S5, remove the insect-proof device: remove the insect-proof device on the 6th day after applying the insect-proof device, cut off the unpollinated flowers, weed, and manage water and fertilizer normally; S6, harvesting: When the fruit of woad turns black, the skin becomes dry and the seeds in the middle of the fruit become hard, the seeds are ripe and should be harvested in time.
[0034] In Example 8 of the present invention, after harvesting, the average number of grains per plant was 95.
[0035] Embodiment 9: As attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica (indoor greenhouse, indoor environment requirements: temperature is 28°C, sunshine is maintained for 8 hours per day, humidity is 50%), and is carried out as follows: S1, plant selection: select self-incompatible Isatis indigo plants with strong growth, thick taproot, few lateral roots, even leaf edges, short black heads, and strong cold resistance for planting, and perform normal weeding, water and fertilizer management; S2, pruning: when the woad plant enters the early flowering period, cut off the newly opened flowers, cut off the small flower branches at the top of the plant, cut off the small flowers at the tips of the longer flower branches, and keep the flower branches with better flower development; S3, installing an insect-proof device: putting an insect-proof device (the mesh number of the insect-proof net tube 13 is 28 meshes) on the pruned woad plants, and tying a pulling rope 6 at the lower part of the stalk of the woad plants; S4, spraying and pollination: when the woad plants enter the peak flowering period (50% of the flowers are open from 12:00 to 17:00 on the second day after the installation of the insect-proof device), spray the stigma treatment agent (urea solution) with a mass concentration of 3% on the stigma of the flowers of the woad plants, and shake the lower part of the stalk of the woad plants once by pulling the rope 6 at 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 60 minutes after the spraying of the stigma treatment agent, so that the pollen is fully dispersed, and the steps of spraying and pollination are repeated for 3 consecutive days to fully pollinate the flowers of the woad plants; S5, remove the insect-proof device: remove the insect-proof device 7 days after applying it, cut off the unpollinated flowers, and perform weeding, water and fertilizer management as normal; S6, harvesting: When the fruit of woad turns black, the skin becomes dry and the seeds in the middle of the fruit become hard, the seeds are ripe and should be harvested in time.
[0036] In Example 9 of the present invention, after harvesting, the average number of grains per plant was 101.
[0037] Embodiment 10: As attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the pollination method (outdoor field) for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica is carried out as follows: S1, plant selection: On April 25, 2022, at the Isatis indigotica base in Liuba Town, Minle County, Gansu Province, select self-incompatible Isatis indigotica plants with strong growth, thick taproot, few lateral roots, flat leaf edges, short black heads, and strong cold resistance for planting, and weed control and water and fertilizer management are normal; S2, pruning: On May 1, when the woad plants enter the early flowering period, cut off the newly opened flowers, cut off the small flower branches at the top of the plants, cut off the small flowers at the tips of the longer flower branches, and keep the flower branches with better flower development; S3, installing an insect-proof device: putting an insect-proof device (the mesh number of the insect-proof net tube 13 is 30 meshes) on the pruned woad plants, and tying a pulling rope 6 at the lower part of the stalk of the woad plants; S4, spraying and pollination: On May 2, the woad plants entered the peak flowering period (50% of the flowers were in bloom from 12:00 to 17:00 on May 2), and a stigma treatment agent (urea solution) with a mass concentration of 2% was sprayed on the stigma of the woad plants. At 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 60 minutes after the woad plants were sprayed with the stigma treatment agent, the lower part of the stalk of the woad plants was shaken once by pulling the rope 6 to allow the pollen to be fully dispersed. Then, the spraying and pollination steps were repeated on May 2 and May 3, respectively, so that the flowers of the woad plants were fully pollinated; S5, remove the insect-proof device: remove the insect-proof device on May 9, cut off the unpollinated flowers, and manage weeding, water and fertilizer normally; S6, harvesting: On July 16, the seeds of Isatis indigotica are mature when the fruit turns black, the skin becomes dry and the seeds in the middle of the fruit become hard. Harvest the seeds in time, cut the whole plant and put it into a net bag, hang it to dry and then thresh it.
[0038] In Example 10 of the present invention, after harvesting, the average number of grains per plant was 110.
[0039] Embodiment 11: As attached Figure 1 , 2As shown, the pollination method (outdoor field) for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica is carried out as follows: S1, plant selection: On May 20, 2023, at the Isatis indigotica base of the Moyu Agricultural Experimental Station of the Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, select self-incompatible Isatis indigotica plants with strong growth, thick taproot, few lateral roots, flat leaf edges, short black heads, and strong cold resistance for planting, and weed control and water and fertilizer management are normal; S2, pruning: On May 21, when the woad plants enter the early flowering period, cut off the newly opened flowers, cut off the small flower branches at the top of the plants, cut off the small flowers at the tips of the longer flower branches, and keep the flower branches with better flower development; S3, installing an insect-proof device: putting an insect-proof device (the mesh number of the insect-proof net tube 13 is 28 meshes) on the pruned woad plants, and tying a pulling rope 6 at the lower part of the stalk of the woad plants; S4, spraying and pollination: On May 22, the woad plants entered the peak flowering period (50% of the flowers were in bloom from 12:00 to 17:00 on May 2), and a stigma treatment agent (urea solution) with a mass concentration of 2% was sprayed on the stigma of the woad plants. At 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 60 minutes after the woad plants were sprayed with the stigma treatment agent, the lower part of the stalk of the woad plants was shaken once by pulling the rope 6 to allow the pollen to be fully dispersed. Then, the spraying and pollination steps were repeated on May 23 and May 24, respectively, so that the flowers of the woad plants were fully pollinated; S5, remove the insect-proof device: remove the insect-proof device on May 30, cut off the unpollinated flowers, and manage weeding, water and fertilizer normally; S6, harvesting: On August 10, the seeds of Isatis indigotica are mature when the fruit turns black, the skin becomes dry and the seeds in the middle of the fruit become hard. Harvest the seeds in time, cut the whole plant and put it into a net bag, hang it to dry and then thresh it.
[0040] In Example 11 of the present invention, after harvesting, the average number of grains per plant was 98.
[0041] Comparative Example 1: The pollination method of Isatis indigotica differs from that of Example 8 in that the "stigma treatment agent (urea solution)" in step S4 is replaced by "clean water", and the other steps remain unchanged.
[0042] In Comparative Example 1 of the present invention, after harvesting, the average number of grains per plant was 3.
[0043] Comparative Example 2: The pollination method for Isatis indigotica differs from Example 8 in that step S4 "shaking the lower part of the stem of the Isatis indigotica plant once at 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 60 minutes after spraying the stigma treatment agent to allow pollen to be fully dispersed, and repeating the step of spraying pollination for 3 consecutive days" is replaced by "shaking the lower part of the stem of the Isatis indigotica plant once at 5 minutes after spraying the stigma treatment agent to allow pollen to be fully dispersed, and pollinating the treated stigma", and the other steps remain unchanged.
[0044] In comparative example 2 of the present invention, after harvesting, the average number of grains per plant was 30.
[0045] Compared with comparative examples 1 to 2, the pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica of embodiments 8 to 11 of the present invention, after harvesting, the average number of grains per plant exceeded 90, and the number of grains per plant was high, regardless of whether it was an indoor greenhouse or an outdoor field environment.
[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, the pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica provided by the present invention can be carried out in an indoor greenhouse or in an outdoor field, and the number of grains per plant obtained by the pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica is high, exceeding 90 grains.
[0047] Second, in the present invention, the stigma treating agent adopts urea solution. By spraying the urea solution on the stigma, the protein structure of the stigma can be destroyed, so that the pollen grains germinate and self-pollination is completed. This is a stigma treatment method that has not been used in the existing self-pollination technology. The raw materials are easy to obtain and are safe and reliable.
[0048] Third, in the present invention, the time to remove the insect-proof device is between the 5th and 9th day after the insect-proof device is installed. If the time to remove the insect-proof device is shorter than 5 days, pollination will be affected, and if it is longer than 9 days, the woad plants will be in a semi-closed environment, affecting the normal growth of the plants.
[0049] Embodiment 12: As attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a device for implementing a pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica is characterized in that it includes an insect-proof device, a treatment agent storage tank 1, a delivery pump 2, a sprayer 5 and a pulling rope 6, each Isatis indigotica plant is provided with an insect-proof device on the outside, the treatment agent storage tank 1 is fixedly connected with a spray main pipe 3, and the spray main pipe 3 is fixedly connected with a plurality of spray branches 4, the spray main pipe 3 between the treatment agent storage tank 1 and the leftmost spray branch pipe 4 is provided with a delivery pump 2, a sprayer 5 located above the Isatis indigotica plant is fixedly installed at the lower end of each spray branch pipe 4, each sprayer 5 is placed on the inner side of the upper part of the insect-proof device, and a pulling rope 6 is provided at the lower part of each Isatis indigotica plant, and the front end of the pulling rope 6 is placed on the outside of the insect-proof device.
[0050] During use, first, the woad plants that have entered the initial flowering period and have been pruned are covered with an insect-proof device to prevent insect pollination and wind pollination. Then, when the woad plants enter the full flowering period, the stigma treatment agent in the treatment agent storage tank 1 is delivered to the sprayer 5 by the delivery pump 2 through the spray main pipe 3 and the spray branch pipe 4, and sprayed on the woad plants by the sprayer 5. Finally, during pollination, each woad plant is shaken by pulling the rope 6 to achieve pollination. In this device, when there are many woad plants in the indoor greenhouse or field, there can be multiple insect-proof devices and are not limited to 5, and the whole device can achieve automatic spraying and shaking pollination.
[0051] Example 13: As shown in the attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown, it also includes a pull plate 7, an electric pull rod 8, a timing module and a control module. The electric pull rod 8 is provided with a piston rod 9 which can be extended and retracted backward. The rear end of the piston rod 9 is fixed to the front side of the pull plate 7. The front end of each pulling rope 6 is fixedly installed at a corresponding position on the rear side of the pull plate 7. The timing module is connected to the control module, and the control module is respectively connected to the delivery pump 2 and the electric pull rod 8.
[0052] During use, three time periods of shaking pollination are set on the timing module through the timing module. After each time period, the control module controls the electric pull rod 8 to pull the pull plate 7, and the pull plate 7 drives the pull rope 6 to complete the shaking, thereby realizing the shaking of the Isatis indigotica plants in three time periods after spraying the stigma treatment agent.
[0053] Example 14: As shown in the attached Figure 3 As shown, the bracket includes a first bracket 10, a second bracket 11 and a windproof nail 12. The first bracket 10 and the second bracket 11 are both in a U-shape with the opening downward. The second bracket 11 arranged in a front-to-back direction is provided on the lower side of the middle part of the first bracket 10. The lower ends of the first bracket 10 and the second bracket 11 are fixedly installed with windproof nails 12.
[0054] During use, the windproof nails 12 play the role of windproofing and fixing the first bracket 10 and the second bracket 11.
[0055] Example 15: As shown in the attached Figure 3 As shown, the insect-proof cover includes an insect-proof net tube 13 and a net tube support frame 14. The insect-proof net support frame 14 is in a cylindrical shape with an opening facing downward. An insect-proof net tube 13 is arranged outside the net tube support frame 14. The insect-proof net tube 13 includes two layers of nylon mesh inside and outside. The mesh number of the nylon mesh is 24 to 36 meshes.
[0056] During use, the insect-proof net tube 13 is supported by the insect-proof net support frame 14. The insect-proof net tube 13 uses two layers of nylon mesh, which can prevent dust or pollen or insects from the nearby woad plants from entering.
[0057] The specific use process of this device is as follows: First, the woad plants that have entered the initial flowering period and have been pruned are covered with an insect-proof device to prevent insect pollinators and wind pollinators from pollinating. The installation process of the insect-proof device is as follows: the first bracket 10 and the second bracket 11 are covered on the pruned woad plants and fixed in the field through windproof nails 12, the net tube support frame 14 is covered on the first bracket 10 and the second bracket 11, and then the insect-proof net tube 13 (two layers of nylon mesh) is laid on the outside of the net tube support frame 14. At the same time, the pulling rope 6 is tied to the lower part of the stem of the woad plant; Then, when the woad plants enter the blooming period, the stigma treatment agent in the treatment agent storage tank 1 is delivered to the sprayer 5 by the delivery pump 2 through the spray main pipe 3 and the spray branch pipe 4, and sprayed on the woad plants through the sprayer 5; Next, during pollination, three time periods of shaking pollination time are pre-set on the timing module, and after each time period, the control module controls the electric pull rod 8 to pull the pull plate 7, and the pull plate 7 drives the pull rope 6 to complete the shaking, and each woad plant is shaken by pulling the rope 6 to achieve pollination; Finally, after pollination is completed, remove the insect control device, cut off the unpollinated flowers, wait for the woad fruits to mature, and harvest the seeds in time.
[0058] In summary, the present invention provides a pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica, which breaks the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica, realizes self-pollination, and improves the breeding effect of Isatis indigotica. The method has the characteristics of low production cost, good pollination effect and easy operation. The method can not only greatly improve the self-pollination efficiency of Isatis indigotica and obtain an inbred line with higher purity, but also can well prevent insect pollination hybridization, save Isatis indigotica breeding time, and has high application value in the field of Isatis indigotica breeding.
[0059] The above technical features constitute the embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Non-essential technical features can be added or reduced according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.
Claims
1. A pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica, characterized in that Proceed as follows: S1, plant selection: select strong and robust Isatis indigotica plants with thick taproots for planting; S2, pruning: When the woad plant enters the early flowering period, cut off the newly opened flowers and keep the branches with better flower development; S3, installing an insect-proof device: putting an insect-proof device on the pruned woad plants; S4, spraying and pollination: when the woad plants enter the blooming period, spray the stigma treatment agent on the stigma of the flowers of the woad plants, and shake the sprayed woad plants for pollination; S5, remove the insect guard: remove the insect guard, cut off the unpollinated flowers, and wait for the woad fruits to mature; S6, harvesting: When the woad fruit turns black and the peel becomes dry, harvest the seeds in time.
2. The pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S4, the stigma treatment agent is a urea solution, the mass concentration of the urea solution is 1% to 5%, and the spraying time is from 12:00 to 17:00 on the same day.
3. The pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that In step S4, the shaking pollination time is to shake the Isatis indigotica plants for pollination in three time periods after spraying the stigma treatment agent. The time periods for shaking pollination are 5 minutes to 10 minutes, 30 minutes to 40 minutes, and 60 minutes to 70 minutes after spraying the stigma treatment agent.
4. The pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that Step S4, repeat the spraying and pollination for 2 to 4 days.
5. The pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that Step S5, during shaking pollination, the shaking part is the lower part of the stem of the Isatis indigotica plant.
6. The pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that Step S6, the time for removing the insect-proof device is between the 5th and 9th day after the installation of the insect-proof device.
7. A device for implementing the pollination method for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The utility model comprises an insect-proof device, a treatment agent storage tank, a delivery pump, a sprayer and a pulling rope. The insect-proof device comprises a bracket and an insect-proof cover. A bracket is arranged on the outside of each woad plant, and an insect-proof cover is arranged on the outside of the bracket. A spray main pipe is fixedly connected to the treatment agent storage tank, and a plurality of spray branches are fixedly connected to the spray main pipe. A delivery pump is arranged on the spray main pipe between the treatment agent storage tank and the leftmost spray branch pipe. A sprayer located above the woad plant is fixedly installed at the lower end of each spray branch pipe, and each sprayer is placed on the inner side of the upper part of the bracket. A pulling rope is arranged at the lower part of each woad plant, and the front end of the pulling rope is placed on the outside of the insect-proof cover.
8. The pollination device for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica according to claim 7, characterized in that It also includes a pull plate, an electric pull rod, a timing module and a control module. The electric pull rod is provided with a piston rod that can be extended and retracted backward. The rear end of the piston rod is fixed to the front side of the pull plate. The front end of each pulling rope is fixedly installed at the corresponding position on the rear side of the pull plate. The timing module is connected to the control module, and the control module is respectively connected to the delivery pump and the electric pull rod.
9. The pollination device for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that The bracket includes a first bracket, a second bracket and windproof nails. The first bracket and the second bracket are both in a U shape with an opening downward. A second bracket arranged in a front-to-back direction is provided on the lower side of the middle part of the first bracket. Windproof nails are fixedly installed on the lower ends of the first bracket and the second bracket.
10. The pollination device for breaking the self-incompatibility of Isatis indigotica according to claim 7, 8 or 9, characterized in that The insect-proof cover includes an insect-proof net tube and a net tube support frame. The insect-proof net support frame is in a downwardly opened cylinder shape. An insect-proof net tube is arranged outside the net tube support frame. The insect-proof net tube includes inner and outer two layers of nylon wire mesh. The mesh number of the nylon wire mesh is 24 to 36 meshes.
Citation Information
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