Combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system

Abstract

The invention relates to a combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system comprises a driving unit, a loading unit, a workpiece carrier unit, a feeding unit, a core rod unit and a heating module. The main function is to drive an axially graded hammer head combination in the radial loading unit to perform pulse radial local loading forming on a blank, and the blank is continuously fed in the axial direction in the loading process to realize efficient and high-performance necking / reducing forming. Wherein the driving unit can control the rotating speed of the radial loading unit, and based on the structural design of a plurality of groups of parallel roller type driving devices, the loading frequency and the working stroke of hammer head combinations at different axial positions can be adjusted; the feeding unit provides radial clamping force and axial feeding force for blanks, and the core rod is used for restraining the shape and size of an inner hole of a component. The method can be suitable for various equal-diameter / unequal-diameter, equal-wall-thickness / unequal-wall-thickness and symmetric / asymmetric-section-shaped pipe fittings, shells or bars.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of automated forging technology, and in particular to a combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system. Background Art

[0002] Radial forging is an important method to achieve the reduction / shrinkage of long-axis shells, tubes, bars and other components with different cross-sectional shapes.

[0003] The principle of the current radial forging is to use a radial forging hammer die to locally load the blank in the radial direction. Then, during the forming process, the blank is fed axially, and the local deformation zone is continuously transferred to achieve the overall forming of the component under local loading. However, there are two major bottleneck problems in the existing technology and forming equipment: First, the stress / strain state at different positions during the forming process of components with extreme composite structural characteristics such as large size and large aspect ratio is different. The use of a single set of hammers for radial equal loading leads to significant differences in the axial distribution of the radial strain of the blank, and a combined array hammer is required for loading. However, conventional radial forging equipment does not have the function of combined pulse radial loading, and it is difficult to accurately control the coordinated matching movement of the combined hammers. Second, the distribution of working loads at different axial positions during combined pulse radial loading is significantly different from that of conventional radial forging. The existing traditional equipment is difficult to meet the use requirements and ensure loading accuracy, and is difficult to apply to components with complex structures such as large size, large aspect ratio, large diameter-thickness ratio, equal diameter / non-equal diameter, equal wall thickness / non-equal wall thickness.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a forming equipment system suitable for combined pulse radial loading. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system to solve the problem that complex structures cannot be automatically and accurately forged in the prior art, and the forged structural parts have uneven radial processing in different loading areas. The embodiments of the present application can be implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system, comprising:

[0007] Feeding unit, loading unit, workpiece carrier unit and driving unit;

[0008] The feeding unit is used to continuously feed the blank into the workpiece carrier unit in the axial direction;

[0009] The workpiece carrier unit is used to limit the radial loading path of the loading unit toward the blank;

[0010] The loading unit is used to perform reciprocating pulsed radial local loading on the blank in the workpiece carrier unit. When each working surface of the loading unit is at a position with the smallest radial distance from the blank, each working surface at the same level forms the outer contour size of the blank at that position along the circumferential direction.

[0011] The driving unit drives the workpiece carrier to rotate along its axial direction, so as to drive the working surfaces of the loading units disposed therein to move back and forth in the radial direction for loading.

[0012] Further, the loading unit comprises at least two levels of hammer assemblies sequentially distributed along the axial feeding direction of the blank, wherein each level of hammer assembly comprises at least two hammers distributed along the circumferential direction and capable of radial reciprocating motion, and each hammer has a working surface facing the axis of the blank;

[0013] When each hammer included in any one-stage hammer combination is at a position with the smallest radial distance from the axis of the blank, its working surface forms the outer contour size of the blank at the hammer combination of this stage along the circumferential direction.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of hammer heads included in each level of hammer head combination is unequal or equal. When the number of hammer heads included in each level of hammer head combination is equal, the circumferential distribution of each hammer head included in any level of hammer head combination is the same as or staggered with the circumferential distribution of each hammer head included in the adjacent hammer head combination.

[0015] Furthermore, the circumferential distribution of each hammer head included in each level of hammer head combination deflects toward the same rotation direction as the number of levels increases.

[0016] Furthermore, the axial cross-section of the outer contour dimensions of each stage of the hammer head combination shrinks continuously or stepwise along the axial feeding direction of the blank.

[0017] Furthermore, the upper limit of the axial length of the hammer heads in each stage of the hammer head assembly increases with the increase of the radial dimension change rate of the working surface thereof.

[0018] Furthermore, the distance of the radial reciprocating motion of the hammer head decreases as the radial dimension change rate of its working surface increases;

[0019] And / or the frequency of the radial reciprocating motion of the hammer head increases with the increase of the radial dimension change rate of its working surface.

[0020] Furthermore, the radial reciprocating distances and / or frequencies of the hammers in each level of hammer assembly are the same and / or different.

[0021] Furthermore, the hammer head includes a hammer head slider, a hammer head member, a torsion spring and a gasket, the side of the hammer head member facing the feed hole of the annular chuck is a working surface, the side of the hammer head slider facing away from the feed hole is a driving surface, the hammer head slider and the hammer head member are elastically connected along the radial direction of the annular chuck through a torsion spring, and the gasket is arranged between the connecting surfaces of the hammer head slider and the hammer head member.

[0022] Furthermore, the workpiece carrier unit comprises at least two annular chucks, two adjacent annular chucks are integrally connected axially, or separately connected axially, each of the separately connected annular chucks rotates synchronously circumferentially, and the integrally connected annular chucks are used to accommodate no more than two-stage hammer head combinations.

[0023] Further, the annular chuck comprises a feed hole and at least two guide grooves;

[0024] The feed hole is located at the central axis of the annular chuck and is used to accommodate the blank fed in the axial direction;

[0025] At least two of the guide grooves are distributed along the circumference of the annular chuck and radially penetrate the inner and outer walls thereof, and each of the guide grooves accommodates the hammer head respectively. At least a portion of the hammer head extends into the guide groove, and at least a portion of the other end radially protrudes from the outer wall of the annular chuck and is connected to the annular chuck via an elastic reset member.

[0026] Furthermore, a slide groove is provided in the guide groove, and the slide groove is composed of a first structure and a second structure, the second structure is connected to the end of the first structure and extends outward along the circumference of the annular chuck, the first structure is accommodated in the guide groove, and the second structure is limited between the outer wall of the annular chuck and the radially protruding part of the hammer head, and the elastic reset member is connected to the hammer head through the second structure.

[0027] Further, the annular chuck further comprises a groove, which is arranged on the outer wall of the annular chuck along the circumference of the annular chuck and is connected with the guide groove;

[0028] The second structure and the end of the driving surface are both limited to be located in the groove, and when the hammer head is at a position with the smallest radial distance from the axis of the blank, the outer wall of the annular chuck and the driving surface are smoothly transitioned.

[0029] Furthermore, each groove is provided with at least two accommodating blind holes, at least two of the accommodating blind holes are provided on both sides of the guide groove, and one end thereof is communicated with the groove, and the elastic reset member is accommodated in the accommodating blind hole.

[0030] Further, the workpiece carrier unit further comprises at least one roller drive device, the roller drive device 2 is coated on the outside of the annular chuck, and each roller of the roller drive device contacts the outer wall of the annular chuck and contacts the radially protruding portion of the hammer head, the annular chuck and the roller drive device rotate relative to each other, thereby driving the hammer head to move radially in the guide groove;

[0031] The driving unit is connected to the annular chuck or the roller-type driving device, and is used to drive the annular chuck and each roller in the roller-type driving device to perform circumferential relative movement.

[0032] Furthermore, a driving surface is provided at one end of the hammer head radially protruding from the outer wall of the annular chuck, the driving surface faces away from the working surface and is arranged in an arc shape with a high top middle portion and low ends, and the driving surface cooperates with the roller in the roller type driving device.

[0033] Furthermore, the roller-type drive device is arranged corresponding to the hammer head combination at each stage, and the diameter or number of the rollers of each roller-type drive device is determined by the radial size change rate of each working surface in its corresponding hammer head combination. By adjusting the diameter or number of the rollers of each roller-type drive device, the radial load of each working surface is adjusted.

[0034] Furthermore, it also includes a mandrel unit, the feeding unit and the mandrel unit are respectively arranged at both ends of the workpiece carrier unit and are coaxially arranged with the workpiece carrier unit, and the mandrel clamped by the mandrel unit is against the end face of the blank toward its feeding direction.

[0035] Furthermore, the size range of the blank's outer contour is Φ10 to Φ500 mm, the maximum axial length is 3 m, and the shape of the component after forming includes a rotating body / non-rotating body with equal diameter / variable diameter.

[0036] The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system provided by the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0037] The equipment system includes a driving unit, a loading unit, a workpiece carrier unit, a feeding unit, a mandrel unit, and a heating module. The main function is to drive the axially graded hammer combination in the radial loading unit to perform pulse radial local loading and forming on the blank. During the loading process, the blank is continuously fed axially to achieve efficient and high-performance shrinking / reducing forming. Among them, the driving unit can control the rotation speed of the radial loading unit. Based on the structural design of multiple sets of parallel roller drive devices, the loading frequency and working stroke of the hammer combination at different axial positions can be adjusted; the feeding unit provides the radial clamping force and axial feeding force of the blank, and the mandrel is used to constrain the shape and size of the inner hole of the component. The present invention can be applied to various pipes, shells or bars with equal diameter / non-equal diameter, equal wall thickness / non-equal wall thickness, and symmetrical / asymmetrical cross-sectional shapes.

[0038] The present application can change the shell diameter reduction and thickening deformation mode, so that the direction of the maximum compressive stress in the deformation zone of the blank changes from axial to radial, effectively suppressing unstable wrinkling defects, and at the same time discretely controlling the overall loading deformation forming process of the shell structure (that is, in the traditional integral loading process, the blank has large structural differences, resulting in uncoordinated deformation of various parts. By uniformly accumulating local small deformation amounts, the traditional overall loading deformation can be uniformly discrete), promoting uniform deformation, and significantly improving the formability of the shell, especially for shells with complex structures such as large size, large aspect ratio, large diameter-thickness ratio, variable diameter / variable wall thickness, etc.

[0039] On this basis, by using each hammer in at least two-stage hammer combination continuously arranged along the axial direction to perform pulsed radial local loading on the blank in the continuous feeding, combined with the coordinated optimization of the axial / circumferential distribution of the working surfaces of each hammer (axial width / spacing, circumferential distribution / angle relationship, etc.), the radial load and loading frequency of different deformation positions are controlled in stages, which can accurately control the local stable forming and continuous transfer of the deformation zone, and realize the continuous forming of the entire shell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system of this application;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the feeding unit in this application;

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a multi-stage hammer assembly provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of independently setting the loading frequency and loading amount of the loading area where each level of hammer assembly is located according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 5A schematic diagram of changes in blank feed speed and radial strain according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a two-stage hammer assembly provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a driving unit in this application;

[0047] Figure 8 , Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the workpiece carrier unit in this application;

[0048] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the exploded state of the workpiece carrier unit in this application;

[0049] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-stage hammer assembly in this application;

[0050] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the annular chuck in this application;

[0051] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hammer head in this application;

[0052] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the chute in this application;

[0053] Fig.15 For along Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the CC direction.

[0054] Numbers in the figure

[0055] 1- annular chuck; 10- mounting cover; 11- feeding hole; 12- guide groove; 13- groove; 14- receiving blind hole;

[0056] 2-Roller drive;

[0057] 310-first-stage hammer assembly; 320-second-stage hammer assembly; 330-third-stage hammer assembly;

[0058] 3- hammer head; 301- loading surface; 302- driving surface; 31- hammer head slider; 32- hammer head member; 33- torsion spring; 34- gasket;

[0059] 4-chute; 41-first structure; 42-second structure;

[0060] 5- elastic reset member;

[0061] 6-feeding unit; 60-clamping device; 61-servo motor; 62-rotation drive motor; 63-moving rack; 64-linear slide; 65-ball screw device;

[0062] 7- mandrel unit;

[0063] 8-drive unit; 81-drive motor; 82-drive shaft; 83-drive module;

[0064] 9- Heating unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] Hereinafter, the present application will be further described based on preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0066] In addition, various components on the drawings are enlarged (thickened) or reduced (thinned) for ease of understanding, but this practice is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0067] Words importing the singular also include the plural and vice versa.

[0068] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the products of the embodiments of the present application are usually placed when in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, in the description of the present application, in order to distinguish different units, the words first, second, etc. are used in this specification, but these are not limited by the order of manufacture, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, and their names may be different in the detailed description and claims of the present application.

[0069] The vocabulary in this specification is used to illustrate the embodiments of the present application, but is not intended to limit the present application. It should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection between the two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be specifically understood.

[0070] A combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system includes a feeding unit 6, a loading unit, a workpiece carrier unit and a driving unit 8, wherein the feeding unit 6 is used to continuously feed the blank into the workpiece carrier unit along the axial direction, the workpiece carrier unit is used to limit the radial loading path of the loading unit toward the blank, and the loading unit is used to perform reciprocating pulse radial local loading on the blank in the workpiece carrier unit. When each working surface of the loading unit is at a position with a minimum radial distance from the blank, each working surface at the same level forms an outer contour dimension of the blank at that location along the circumferential direction, and the driving unit 8 is used to drive the workpiece carrier to rotate along its axial direction to drive each working surface of the loading unit to move back and forth radially for loading, thereby regulating the radial load amount of each working surface.

[0071] In some preferred embodiments, the workpiece carrier unit and the drive unit 8 are independent modules that can be easily replaced, so that corresponding axially graded and radially loaded workpiece carrier units and drive units 8 can be selected according to different forming objects, so as to be suitable for efficient shrinking / reducing forming of pipes, rods and shells of different shapes and sizes. Accordingly, the feeding unit 6 can also be replaced according to the structure of the workpiece carrier unit and the drive unit 8.

[0072] Specifically, since the blank can have a shell shape, for example, a tube blank with equal wall thickness or unequal wall thickness, the shape of the cross section of the tube can be various, for example, its outer wall and / or inner wall can be of equal diameter (i.e., circular) or of unequal diameter. Obviously, regardless of the wall thickness or cross-sectional characteristics, the tube blanks of various shell shapes mentioned above all have an axis, so a clamp can be used as the clamping end of the feeding unit to clamp the end of the blank, and under the pushing action of the feeding unit, the blank is allowed to enter the continuous loading area along the axial direction.

[0073] In some preferred embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the feeding unit 6 includes a clamping device 60, a rotation drive motor 62, a movable material rack 63 and an axial displacement drive mechanism. The clamping device 60 is connected to the rotation drive motor 62 through the movable material rack 63. Under the driving action of the rotation drive motor 62, the clamping device 60 drives the clamped blank to rotate.

[0074] In some preferred embodiments, the mounting connection between the clamping device 60 and the movable material rack 63 is provided with a bearing, allowing the blank to rotate under the friction of the hammer 3. The blank can also be driven to rotate in the opposite direction of the hammer by the rotating drive motor 62 while the blank is axially fed, thereby improving the uniformity of circumferential deformation and controlling the roundness of the component. The clamping devices of the feeding unit 6 and the mandrel unit 7 can be replaced for different forming objects.

[0075] In some preferred embodiments, the clamping method of the clamping device 60 can be: 1) The feeding end is clamped by the clamping device to clamp the feeding ejector, and the feeding ejector and the core rod respectively press the blank from both ends of the blank. During the feeding process, the feeding ejector and the core rod move synchronously, or the feeding ejector speed is slightly greater than the core rod, so as to achieve stable axial clamping and feeding of the blank. This method is suitable for components such as blind hole shells and rods that can be supported at both ends; 2) The tail end of the blank is clamped by a clamping chuck, and a guide mechanism and a clamping device are added to provide effective support in the middle of the blank to improve the axial feeding accuracy of components with a large aspect ratio. This method is suitable for components such as pipes with a large aspect ratio and through-hole shells.

[0076] Furthermore, the movable material rack 63 is slidably connected to the output end of the axial displacement driving mechanism along the X direction. Under the driving action of the axial displacement driving mechanism, the movable material rack 63 moves back and forth along the X direction.

[0077] In some preferred embodiments, the axial displacement driving mechanism includes a servo motor 61, a linear slide 64 and a ball screw device 65. The clamping device 60 is installed on the mobile material rack 63 and assembled on the linear slide 64. The clamping device 60 clamps the tail end of the blank. The mobile material rack 63 moves axially under the drive of the servo motor 61 and the ball screw device 65. The axial displacement driving mechanism includes but is not limited to the above structure, and can also be set as other mechanisms that can achieve sliding displacement along the X direction. The specific structure is not further limited here.

[0078] In some optional embodiments, the blank may also have a non-shell solid form, that is, it may be a solid cylindrical blank. Similar to the tube blank, the cross-section of the columnar blank may be of equal diameter or of non-equal diameter, and it also has an axis so that it can enter the continuous loading area along the axial direction.

[0079] When the loaded part is a solid blank such as the above-mentioned columnar blank, the forming method further comprises the following steps:

[0080] A mandrel is used to abut against the end face of the loaded part in its feeding direction and the position of the mandrel is fixed, or the mandrel is used to abut against the end face of the loaded part in its feeding direction and the mandrel is continuously fed in a direction opposite to the feeding direction of the loaded part, wherein the mandrel is parallel to the axis of the loaded part.

[0081] By abutting the core rod in the feeding direction of the loaded part, the solid blank can be processed into a shell with a blind hole and a desired outer wall shape using the method.

[0082] Correspondingly, the loading equipment system further comprises a mandrel unit 7, the end of the mandrel unit 7 is clamped with a mandrel, and the mandrel is used to restrict the radial flow of metal and improve the dimensional accuracy of the inner hole of the component.

[0083] In some preferred embodiments, the overall structure of the mandrel unit 7 is similar to that of the feeding unit 6, except that the mandrel unit 7 is not provided with a rotary drive motor 62, and the mandrel unit 7 includes a clamping device 60, a movable material rack 63 and an axial displacement drive mechanism. The clamping device 60 is connected to the output end of the axial displacement drive mechanism through the movable material rack 63. Under the driving action of the axial displacement drive mechanism, the movable material rack 63 drives the clamping device 60 to move back and forth along the X direction.

[0084] In some preferred embodiments, the feeding unit 6 and the core rod unit 7 are respectively arranged at both ends of the workpiece carrier unit and are coaxially arranged with the workpiece carrier unit, and are used to feed the blank into the workpiece carrier unit axially through the feeding unit 6, and the core rod clamped by the core rod unit 7 is pressed against the feeding end of the fed blank, so as to process the solid blank into a shell with a blind hole and a desired outer wall shape.

[0085] In some optional embodiments, the blank can be made of steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, or a composite material with any of the above metal materials as a matrix. According to the characteristics of the blank material, it can be preheated to the deformation temperature before entering the loaded area to facilitate the subsequent loading process.

[0086] In some preferred embodiments, the loading equipment system further includes a heating unit 9, which can use electrodes to clamp both ends of the blank and input pulse current to form a loop for rapid heating. The blank can also be heated by other heating equipment such as an induction heating coil, a resistance furnace, etc. After the blank is heated to a predetermined temperature, it is transferred to the feeding end for clamping, and feeding and forming begins after the clamping is stable. The specific form is not further limited here.

[0087] Of course, for different materials, cold forming can be adopted directly without heating.

[0088] In some preferred embodiments, the loading unit comprises at least two levels of hammer assemblies sequentially distributed along the axial feeding direction of the blank, wherein each level of hammer assembly comprises at least two hammers 3 distributed along the circumferential direction and capable of radial reciprocating motion, and each hammer 3 has a working surface 301 facing the axis of the blank;

[0089] When each hammer 3 included in any one-stage hammer combination is at a position with the smallest radial distance from the axis of the blank, its working surface 301 forms the outer contour dimension of the blank at the hammer combination of this stage along the circumferential direction.

[0090] Figure 3A schematic diagram of an axial continuous loading area composed of a multi-stage hammer assembly in a specific embodiment is shown, in which the first-stage hammer assembly 310, the second-stage hammer assembly 320 and the third-stage hammer assembly 330 are continuously arranged along the feeding direction of the blank, and accordingly, the fourth-stage, fifth-stage ... n-stage hammer assemblies can be further arranged thereafter, and each stage of the hammer assembly is composed of four hammers distributed along the circumferential direction, wherein one end of each hammer facing the blank is its working surface, and during the continuous axial feeding of the blank, each hammer reciprocates radially. Movement, using its working surface to perform pulsed radial local loading on the outer surface of the blank. Obviously, when the hammers contained in any one-level hammer combination are at the position with the smallest radial distance from the blank, their working surfaces form the outer contour dimensions of the blank at that level of hammer combination along the circumferential direction. Generally, the outer contour dimensions of each level of hammer combination are continuously distributed along the axial direction, and the outer contour dimensions of each level of hammer combination form a closed curved surface along the circumferential direction, and finally form a complete outer contour dimension together, with only tiny gaps between the working surfaces of adjacent hammers.

[0091] The following describes the mechanism and advantages of using a multi-stage hammer combination to perform pulsed continuous radial local loading on the blank during the blank feeding process in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0092] In a specific embodiment, the above-mentioned multi-stage hammer combination is used to perform pulsed continuous radial local loading on a billet (tube blank) in the form of a tube. The axis of the outer contour dimension formed by the working surface of each stage of the hammer combination coincides with the axis of the tube blank. When the tube blank is continuously fed along its axial feeding direction through the clamping end of the clamp, its front end first enters the loading area formed by the first-stage hammer combination. Under the pulse loading action of each hammer of the hammer combination of this stage, the tube blank undergoes a diameter reduction and thickening deformation with a radial size reduction and an increased wall thickness. Subsequently, the tube blank is continuously fed along the axial direction, the deformed area continues to extend toward the front end, and the front end of the undeformed area continuously enters the deformation area. Figure 4 As shown, the overall uniform forming of the shell is finally achieved.

[0093] Figure 5 The figure shows the schematic diagram of the gradual change of the feed speed and radial strain at different hammer combinations during the continuous feeding of the shell-shaped blank in the loading area formed by the hammer combinations of various levels, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As described above, when a shell-shaped blank (such as a tube blank) is subjected to a loading and forming process, the axial cross-section of the outer contour dimensions of each level of hammer head combination shrinks continuously or stepwise along the axial feed direction of the blank. As a result, as the feed displacement of the tube blank increases, its radial strain gradually increases to show a trend of reducing diameter and increasing thickening, and its axial feed speed gradually decreases.

[0094] Obviously, the axial length, quantity, circumferential distribution of each level of hammer combination, as well as the loading frequency and loading amount of pulsed radial local loading on different parts of the blank using each level of hammer combination can be determined according to the material properties, initial shape, final desired forming shape, etc. of the blank.

[0095] For example, in some embodiments, the number of hammers included in each hammer assembly may be the same, and the hammers in each hammer assembly and the hammers in its adjacent hammer assembly are aligned with each other, that is, their circumferential distribution is the same; in other embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the number of hammers in each hammer assembly is the same, but the hammers in each hammer assembly are staggered circumferentially. The advantage of using staggered circumferential distribution is that the gaps between the hammers can be prevented from extending axially so that the blank at that location is always unable to be subjected to the loading force. In addition, more preferably, the circumferential distribution of each hammer included in each hammer assembly can be deflected in the same rotation direction as the number of stages increases. For example, the circumferential distribution of the second-stage hammer assembly 320 is deflected clockwise by an angle θ relative to the first-stage hammer assembly 310. Similarly, the circumferential distribution of the third-stage hammer assembly 330 is also deflected clockwise by an angle θ relative to the second-stage hammer assembly 320, so that when the blank gradually passes through each hammer assembly, its circumferential direction is loaded more evenly.

[0096] Each level of hammer combination can also contain different numbers of hammers, for example, Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the first-stage and second-stage hammer assemblies include three hammers and four hammers, respectively.

[0097] The axial lengths of the hammers in each level of hammer combination can be the same, or can also be determined according to the radial load of the blank at different positions in the loading area. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, in the area where the first-level hammer combination is located, the radial load of the blank is small, and only slight radial strain occurs, that is, the axial projection line of the working surface of each hammer in this level of hammer combination has a small average curvature, so the axial length of each hammer in the first-level hammer combination can be extended; with the continuous feeding of the blank, the radial load of the blank at the second and third-level hammer combinations gradually increases, so the average curvature of the axial projection line of the working surface of each hammer in each level of hammer combination gradually increases, and the radial strain required to be generated per unit axial distance also increases. At this time, the blank needs to be subjected to more precise radial loading, so the axial length of the hammer in the second and third level hammer combinations continues to shrink. By using this variable axial length of the hammer, a good balance can be achieved between loading efficiency and loading accuracy.

[0098] In addition, specific loading targets for different loading areas can also be achieved by setting the distance and / or frequency of the radial reciprocating motion of the hammers in each level of hammer head combination to be the same and / or different. For example, the loading frequency f and loading amount h of the loading area where the hammer head combination is located can be set independently.

[0099] Since the present application uses a multi-stage hammer combination to perform continuous pulsed radial local loading on different parts of the blank, at the same time, the positions and speeds of the hammers in each stage of the hammer combination are different, which puts forward higher requirements for controlling the movement of the hammers in each stage of the hammer combination, especially when the pulse frequency is high, how to achieve high-frequency pulse loading in coordination between the hammers is an important factor in ensuring the forming effect. Obviously, at this time, the conventional drive scheme is used to control each hammer separately through multiple motors, which will require complex programming and multiple sets of motors, resulting in a significant increase in equipment structure, control difficulty and economic cost.

[0100] To this end, the driving unit provided in the present application is connected to the workpiece carrier unit, which, on the one hand, avoids redundant driving devices, and on the other hand, allows the surface of the blank to be forged more uniformly and finely.

[0101] Specifically, Figure 7 As shown, the driving unit 8 includes a driving motor 81, a transmission shaft 82, and a transmission module 83. The driving motor 81 is connected to the transmission shaft 82 through the transmission module 83 and transmits torque to drive the workpiece carrier unit to rotate.

[0102] In some preferred embodiments, the driving mode of the driving unit 8 can be: the driving unit 8 controls the rotation of multiple groups of annular chucks 1, and the outer ring of the roller drive device 2 is fixed or rotates in the opposite direction to the annular chuck 1. The radial loading frequency is determined by the relative rotation speed of the hammer chuck and the roller drive device and the number of rollers. Based on the structural design of the roller-slider in the roller drive device 2, the working stroke and loading rate of the hammer 3 at different loading positions can be adjusted.

[0103] In some preferred embodiments, the driving motor 81 is a variable frequency motor, which drives the transmission module 83 to move. The transmission module 83 can adopt transmission methods such as flywheels, gears, and pulleys. By adjusting the output power of the variable frequency motor, the speed of the radial local loading unit can be controlled, thereby controlling the radial loading frequency.

[0104] In some preferred embodiments, Figures 8 to 15As shown, the workpiece carrier unit includes at least two annular chucks 1, each of which rotates synchronously in the circumferential direction, and each of which is used to accommodate no more than two-stage hammer head combinations. The workpiece carrier unit also includes at least one roller drive device, and the roller drive device 2 is coated on the outside of the annular chuck 1, and each roller of the roller drive device 2 is in contact with the outer wall of the annular chuck 1 and with the radially protruding part of the hammer head 3, so as to drive the hammer head 3 to radially displace in the guide groove 12 by rotation.

[0105] In some preferred embodiments, the driving unit 8 is rotationally connected to the annular chuck 1, or connected to the roller drive device 2. The specific connection form is not further limited, as long as the annular chuck 1 and the roller drive device 2 can undergo coaxial relative movement.

[0106] In some preferred embodiments, a feed hole 11 is opened at the central axis of the annular chuck 1, which is used to feed the blank along the axial direction of the feed hole 11. At least two guide grooves 12 are provided on the annular chuck 1. At least two of the guide grooves 12 are distributed along the circumference of the annular chuck 1 and radially penetrate the inner and outer walls thereof. At least two of the hammer heads 3 are respectively accommodated in each of the guide grooves 12, and the guide grooves 12 are used to guide the radial movement path of each hammer head 3 one by one.

[0107] Furthermore, each of the hammer heads 3 has a working surface 301 facing the axis of the feed hole 11, and at least a portion of the other end radially protrudes from the outer wall of the annular chuck 1, and is connected to the annular chuck 1 through an elastic reset member 5, and the elastic reset member 5 is used to elastically reset the hammer head 3 radially outward; the driving component is arranged on the outside of the annular chuck 1 and contacts with the radially protruding portion of the hammer head 3, and the driving component drives the hammer head 3 to move radially in the guide groove 12 until the working surface 301 of the hammer head 3 moves to protrude from the inner wall of the annular chuck 1.

[0108] When each hammer 3 included in any one-stage hammer combination is at the position with the smallest radial distance from the axis of the feed hole 11, the working surface 301 of the hammer 3 forms the outer contour size of the blank at the hammer combination of this stage along the circumferential direction. By axially grading the radial blank and co-optimizing the axial / circumferential distribution (axial width / spacing, circumferential distribution / angle relationship, etc.) of the multi-stage hammer combination, the radial load and loading frequency of different loading areas can be regulated in stages. It can be applied to the plastic forming and manufacturing of different shells, pipes, and rod components with equal diameter / non-equal diameter and equal wall thickness / non-equal wall thickness.

[0109] In some preferred embodiments, when each working surface of the loading unit is at the position with the smallest radial distance from the blank, the cross-sectional shape formed by each working surface at the same level includes a rotating body / a non-rotating body, that is, the formed shape of the blank includes a rotating body / a non-rotating body, and the outer contour size of the formed component ranges from Φ10 to Φ500 mm, and the axial length is ≥3 m. In some preferred embodiments, along the axial feeding direction of the blank, the axial cross-section of the outer contour size of each level of hammer head combination shrinks continuously or stepwise, so that as the feeding process of the blank progresses, the radial size of the forged part continues to shrink.

[0110] In some preferred embodiments, the number of hammer heads 3 included in each level of hammer head combination is unequal or equal. When the number of hammer heads 3 included in each level of hammer head combination is equal, the circumferential distribution of each hammer head 3 included in any level of hammer head combination is the same as or staggered with the circumferential distribution of each hammer head 3 included in the adjacent hammer head combination, which is used to improve the uneven deformation of the blank, which is prone to causing instability and wrinkling and other defects.

[0111] Furthermore, the circumferential distribution of each hammer head 3 contained in each level of hammer head combination deflects to the same rotation direction as the number of levels increases, so as to avoid the problems of large-sized billets having large changes in wall thickness and radial dimensions at different axial positions, large differences in stress / strain distribution states, and uneven overall deformation, which can easily lead to defects such as instability and wrinkling.

[0112] In some preferred embodiments, the upper limit of the axial length of the hammer head 3 increases with the increase of the radial dimension change rate of its working surface 301, that is, the larger the curvature of the working surface 301 toward the feed hole 11, the larger the axial length of the hammer head 3.

[0113] Furthermore, the distance of the radial reciprocating motion of the hammer head 3 decreases as the radial dimension change rate of its working surface increases, and / or the frequency of the radial reciprocating motion of the hammer head 3 increases as the radial dimension change rate of its working surface increases, that is, along the axial direction of the blank, the greater the degree of curvature of the surface of the blank to be forged, the greater the radial displacement distance of the hammer head 3 along the annular chuck 1, and accordingly, the forging frequency will also increase, making the curved surface at the forged location smoother.

[0114] In some preferred embodiments, a driving surface 302 is provided at one end of the hammer head 3 radially protruding from the outer wall of the annular chuck 1, and the driving surface 302 faces away from the working surface 301, and is arranged in an arc surface with a high top middle part and low ends, so that the radial depression amount and displacement curve of each group of hammer heads 3 can be adjusted by designing different arc surface angles and asymmetric arc surfaces, thereby optimizing the motion matching degree of the designed combined array hammer heads.

[0115] In some preferred embodiments, in order to enable the hammer head 3 to better forge a desired forming surface and extend its service life, the present embodiment further optimizes the structure of the hammer head 3, such as Fig.13 As shown, the hammer 3 includes a hammer slider 31, a hammer member 32, a torsion spring 33 and a gasket 34. The side of the hammer member 32 facing the feed hole 11 is a working surface 301, and the side of the hammer slider facing away from the feed hole 11 is a driving surface. The hammer slider 31 and the hammer member 32 are elastically connected along the radial direction of the annular chuck 1 through the torsion spring 33. The gasket 34 is arranged between the connecting surfaces of the hammer slider 31 and the hammer member 32 to provide a buffer for the relative movement between the hammer slider 31 and the hammer member 32.

[0116] In some preferred embodiments, in order to reduce the friction force when the hammer head 3 and the annular chuck 1 move relative to each other, a slide groove 4 is further accommodated in the guide groove 12. Fig.14 As shown, the slide groove 4 is composed of a first structure 41 and a second structure 42, and also includes a slide groove 4, the slide groove 4 is composed of a first structure 41 and a second structure 42, the second structure 42 is connected to the end of the first structure 41, and extends outward along the circumference of the annular chuck 1, the first structure 41 is accommodated in the guide groove 12, the second structure 42 is limited between the outer wall of the annular chuck 1 and the radially protruding part of the hammer head 3, and the elastic reset member 5 is connected to the hammer head 3 through the second structure 42.

[0117] Specifically, Fig.12 As shown, the annular chuck 1 also includes a groove 13, and the groove 13 is arranged on the outer wall of the annular chuck 1 along the circumference of the annular chuck 1, and is connected with the guide groove 12, and the ends of the second structure 42 and the driving surface 302 are both limited in the groove 13, and when the hammer head 3 is at the position with the smallest radial distance from the axis of the blank, the outer wall of the annular chuck 1 and the driving surface 302 have a smooth transition, so that the driving device drives the hammer head 3 to move radially by rotation.

[0118] In some preferred embodiments, the annular chuck 1 also includes an accommodating blind hole 14, and each groove 13 is provided with at least two accommodating blind holes 14, at least two of the accommodating blind holes 14 are arranged on both sides of the guide groove 12, and one end is connected with the groove 13, and the accommodating blind hole 14 is used to accommodate the elastic reset member 5.

[0119] In some preferred embodiments, a through hole structure corresponding to the accommodating blind hole 14 is provided on the second structure 42, one end of the elastic reset member 5 passes through the through hole structure of the second structure 42, and is connected to the radially protruding portion of the hammer head slider 31, and the elastic reset member 5 is used to elastically reset the hammer head radially outward.

[0120] In some preferred embodiments, the elastic reset member 5 includes an elastic material with elastic restoring force such as a spring, a rubber band, a balloon, etc. Of course, since the impact force of the hammer head 3 in this embodiment is relatively large during the forging process, a spring is more suitable for this embodiment, but the spring in this embodiment does not limit the form of the elastic reset member 5.

[0121] In some preferred embodiments, the roller drive device 2 is covered on the outside of the annular chuck 1, and each roller of the roller drive device 2 is in contact with the outer wall of the annular chuck 1, the drive motor is connected to the annular chuck 1, and the drive unit 8 is used to drive the annular chuck 1 and each roller in the roller drive device 2 to perform circumferential relative movement. When the roller drive device 2 rotates, the roller drive device 2 presses over the driving surface 302 of the hammer head 3, thereby driving the hammer head 3 to move toward the feed hole 11 to forge the blank.

[0122] In some preferred embodiments, when the forging frequency of the blank needs to be increased, a high-frequency loading signal can be transmitted to the driving motor of the driving unit through the control unit to control the rotation speed of the workpiece carrier, thereby controlling the loading frequency of the blank by the loading unit.

[0123] In some preferred embodiments, the roller-type drive device 2 is arranged corresponding to the hammer head combination of each stage, and the diameter or number of the rollers of each roller-type drive device 2 is determined by the radial size change rate of each hammer head working surface 301 in its corresponding hammer head combination, that is, if the amplitude of the radial displacement of the hammer head 3 is small, the diameter of the roller can be set to a small size, and accordingly, the number of rollers will increase; if the frequency of the radial displacement of the hammer head 3 increases, the diameter of the roller can be set to a large size.

[0124] In some preferred embodiments, the number of the annular chucks 1 is greater than 1, and two adjacent annular chucks 1 are connected integrally along the axial direction, or are connected separately along the axial direction, and each of the separately connected annular chucks 1 rotates synchronously along the circumferential direction, and the integrally connected annular chucks 1 are used to accommodate no more than two levels of hammer head combinations, so as to realize axial step-by-step grading of the mold device.

[0125] In some preferred embodiments, each layer of the annular chuck 1 is circumferentially positioned by a key / keyway and axially tightened by a bolt.

[0126] In some preferred embodiments, in order to facilitate the positioning of the hammer head 3 in the guide groove 12 and the displacement path, the mold device also includes a mounting cover 10, and the mounting cover 10 is installed on the outer side of the annular chuck 1, so that the mounting cover 10 can serve as a side wall of the guide groove 12 to position the hammer head 3 in the guide groove 12 without axial displacement.

[0127] The following is a detailed description of this application in conjunction with the specific process:

[0128] Each hammer head member 32 is rigidly connected to the hammer head slider 31 on the outside along the radial direction through a torsion spring 33. During the rotation of the annular chuck 1, the arc-shaped driving surface 302 of each hammer head slider 31 interacts with the roller of the roller drive device 2, thereby realizing a combined radial pulse loading motion. When the driving surface 302 at the top of the hammer head slider 31 rotates to the top of the roller, the radial maximum load of the hammer head 3 is reached. At this time, the hammer head 3 is at the minimum radial distance from the axis of the blank. Then, the centrifugal force of the rotation process and the elastic reset member 4 are used to reset the hammer head 3. At this time, the arc-shaped top of the driving surface 302 rotates to the roller gap, and the hammer head 3 is at the maximum radial distance from the axis of the blank.

[0129] On this basis, since at least two levels of hammer head combinations are provided, the circumferential distribution of each hammer head 3 contained in each level of hammer head combination deflects to the same rotation direction as the number of levels increases, so that when the driving assembly drives the annular chuck to rotate, at least two levels of hammer head combinations rotate and work in the same direction, and each hammer head forges the blank in the radial direction, ensuring that each forging surface of the blank is hammered more evenly and the force is more balanced under the action of radial movement and circumferential rotational movement.

[0130] The above is a detailed introduction to the specific implementation methods of the present application. For those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications may be made to the present application without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system, characterized in that: include: A feeding unit (6), a loading unit, a workpiece carrier unit and a driving unit (8); The feeding unit (6) is used to continuously feed the blank into the workpiece carrier unit along the axial direction; The workpiece carrier unit is used to limit the radial loading path of the loading unit toward the blank; The loading unit is used to perform reciprocating pulsed radial local loading on the blank in the workpiece carrier unit. When each working surface of the loading unit is at a position with the smallest radial distance from the blank, each working surface at the same level forms the outer contour size of the blank at that position along the circumferential direction. The driving unit (8) drives the workpiece carrier to rotate along its axial direction, so as to drive the working surfaces of the loading units arranged therein to move back and forth in the radial direction for loading.

2. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading unit comprises at least two levels of hammer assemblies sequentially distributed along the axial feeding direction of the blank, wherein each level of the hammer assembly comprises at least two hammers (3) distributed along the circumferential direction and capable of radial reciprocating motion, and each hammer (3) has a working surface (301) facing the axis of the blank; When each hammer (3) included in any one-stage hammer combination is at a position with the smallest radial distance from the axis of the blank, its working surface (301) forms the outer contour dimension of the blank at the hammer combination of that stage along the circumferential direction.

3. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The number of hammer heads (3) included in each level of hammer head combination is unequal or equal. When the number of hammer heads (3) included in each level of hammer head combination is equal, the circumferential distribution of each hammer head (3) included in any level of hammer head combination is the same as or staggered with the circumferential distribution of each hammer head (3) included in the adjacent hammer head combination.

4. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circumferential distribution of each hammer head (3) included in each hammer head assembly is deflected towards the same rotation direction as the number of stages increases.

5. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axial cross-section of the outer contour dimensions of each stage of the hammer head combination shrinks continuously or stepwise along the axial feeding direction of the blank.

6. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper limit of the axial length of the hammer heads (3) in each level of the hammer head assembly increases with the increase of the radial dimension change rate of the working surface thereof.

7. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance of radial reciprocating motion of the hammer head (3) decreases as the radial dimension change rate of its working surface increases; And / or the frequency of the radial reciprocating motion of the hammer head (3) increases as the radial dimension change rate of its working surface increases.

8. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distances and / or frequencies of radial reciprocating motion of the hammer heads (3) in each level of the hammer head assembly are the same and / or different.

9. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hammer head (3) comprises a hammer head slider (31), a hammer head member (32), a torsion spring (33) and a gasket (34); a side of the hammer head member (32) facing the feed hole (11) of the annular chuck (1) is a working surface (301); a side of the hammer head slider (31) facing away from the feed hole (11) is a driving surface (302); the hammer head slider (31) and the hammer head member (32) are elastically connected along the radial direction of the annular chuck (1) via the torsion spring (33); and the gasket (34) is arranged between the connecting surfaces of the hammer head slider (31) and the hammer head member (32).

10. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The workpiece carrier unit comprises at least two annular chucks (1), wherein two adjacent annular chucks (1) are connected in an integral manner along the axial direction, or are connected in a split manner along the axial direction, wherein each of the separately connected annular chucks (1) rotates synchronously in the circumferential direction, and the integrally connected annular chucks (1) are used to accommodate no more than two-stage hammer head combinations.

11. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The annular chuck (1) comprises a feed hole (11) and at least two guide grooves (12); The feed hole (11) is located at the central axis of the annular chuck (1) and is used to accommodate the blank fed in the axial direction; At least two of the guide grooves (12) are distributed along the circumference of the annular chuck (1) and radially penetrate the inner and outer walls thereof. The hammer head (3) is respectively accommodated in each of the guide grooves (12). At least a portion of the hammer head (3) extends into the guide groove (12), and at least a portion of the other end radially protrudes from the outer wall of the annular chuck (1), and is connected to the annular chuck (1) via an elastic reset member (5).

12. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system according to claim 11, characterized in that: A slide groove (4) is arranged in the guide groove (12), and the slide groove (4) is composed of a first structure (41) and a second structure (42). The second structure (42) is connected to the end of the first structure (41) and extends outward along the circumference of the annular chuck (1). The first structure (41) is accommodated in the guide groove (12), and the second structure (42) is limited between the outer wall of the annular chuck (1) and the radially protruding part of the hammer head (3). The elastic reset member (5) is connected to the hammer head (3) through the second structure (42).

13. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The annular chuck (1) further comprises a groove (13), wherein the groove (13) is arranged on the outer wall of the annular chuck (1) along the circumference of the annular chuck (1) and is connected to the guide groove (12); The ends of the second structure (42) and the driving surface (302) are both limited to be located within the groove (13), and when the hammer head (3) is at a position with a minimum radial distance from the axis of the blank, the outer wall of the annular chuck (1) and the driving surface (302) smoothly transition.

14. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system according to claim 13, characterized in that: Each groove (13) is provided with at least two accommodating blind holes (14), at least two of the accommodating blind holes (14) are provided on both sides of the guide groove (12), and one end thereof is connected with the groove (13), and the elastic reset member (5) is accommodated in the accommodating blind hole (14).

15. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The workpiece carrier unit further comprises at least one roller drive device (2), wherein the roller drive device 2 is coated on the outside of the annular chuck (1), and each roller of the roller drive device (2) contacts the outer wall of the annular chuck (1) and contacts the radially protruding portion of the hammer head (3), and the annular chuck (1) and the roller drive device (2) rotate relative to each other, thereby driving the hammer head (3) to move radially in the guide groove (12); The driving unit is connected to the annular chuck (1) or the roller-type driving device (2), and is used to drive the annular chuck (1) and each roller in the roller-type driving device (2) to perform circumferential relative movement.

16. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system according to claim 15, characterized in that: A driving surface (302) is provided at one end of the hammer head (3) protruding radially from the outer wall of the annular chuck (1). The driving surface (302) faces away from the working surface (301) and is arranged in the form of an arc surface with a high top middle and low ends. The driving surface (302) cooperates with the roller in the roller drive device (2).

17. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system according to claim 16, characterized in that: The roller drive device (2) is arranged corresponding to each level of the hammer head combination, and the diameter or number of the rollers of each roller drive device (2) is determined by the radial size change rate of each working surface in the corresponding hammer head combination. By adjusting the diameter or number of the rollers of each roller drive device (2), the radial load of each working surface is adjusted.

18. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a mandrel unit (7), wherein the feeding unit (6) and the mandrel unit (7) are respectively arranged at two ends of the workpiece carrier unit and are coaxially arranged with the workpiece carrier unit, and the mandrel clamped by the mandrel unit (7) is pressed against the end face of the blank in the feeding direction thereof.

19. The combined pulse radial loading continuous forming equipment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size range of the blank's outer contour is Ф10 to Ф500 mm, the maximum axial length is 3 m, and the shape of the formed component includes a rotating body with equal diameter or variable diameter or a non-rotating body.

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