A device with multi-station automatic feeding and discharging and precise workpiece positioning function

Abstract

This invention discloses a device with multi-station automatic loading and unloading and precision workpiece positioning functions. The device includes a main platform mechanism, an automatic pushing mechanism, a first automatic precision workpiece positioning mechanism, a second automatic precision workpiece positioning mechanism, and a loading buffer mechanism. This invention enables: automatic transfer of two workpieces from the loading buffer station to the machining station; automatic concentricity of the two workpieces with the boring bar of the spindle; machining of workpieces of different specifications without changing the ring clamp; after the boring machine clamps the workpieces and machining is completed, the two workpieces are automatically transferred from the machining station to the loading buffer station. It is particularly suitable for integration into fully automated machining production lines, achieving unattended and continuous machining. This invention effectively solves the multiple technical problems of manual loading and unloading, manual operation of equipment, which are not only labor-intensive and inefficient, causing frequent hand injuries to workers, but also require changing ring clamps of different specifications when machining workpieces of different specifications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machining technology, specifically a device with multi-station automatic loading and unloading and precision workpiece positioning functions. Background Technology

[0002] A vertical twin-axis boring machine is a common machining equipment with two stations and two machining spindles, capable of simultaneously boring two workpieces. The workpiece contour is typically cylindrical (i.e., a hollow cylinder). Below the spindles of a vertical twin-axis boring machine are two machining stations, each typically equipped with two annular clamps with circular grooves. These clamps are used to position the workpieces (ensuring concentricity between the workpiece and the boring bar on the spindle). Manual loading and unloading, as well as manual operation of the machine, are required. The worker must place the workpiece into the circular groove of the clamp, operate the boring machine to clamp the workpiece, and then operate the machine to perform the boring operation. After machining, the workpiece is removed manually. This manual loading and unloading, and manual operation, is not only labor-intensive and inefficient, frequently causing hand injuries, but also necessitates changing the size of the annular clamps to machine different workpiece sizes.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for a device with multi-station automatic loading and unloading and precision workpiece positioning functions, particularly a device that replaces manual loading and unloading and manual operation of equipment. This device should be able to achieve the following functions: automatically transfer the workpiece from the feeding buffer station to the machining station; automatically achieve concentricity between the workpiece and the boring bar on the spindle; process workpieces of different specifications without changing the ring clamp; automatically control the boring machine to clamp the workpiece; and automatically transfer the workpiece from the machining station to the unloading buffer station after boring is completed, enabling unattended and continuous machining. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems and practical needs of the existing technology by providing a device with multi-station automatic loading and unloading and precision workpiece positioning functions.

[0005] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of this invention is: a device with multi-station automatic loading and unloading and precision positioning of workpieces, applied to the vertical dual-axis boring machine. The device is used to realize: two workpieces are automatically transferred from the feeding buffer station to the machining station, the two workpieces are automatically concentric with the boring tool of the spindle, workpieces of different specifications are processed without changing the ring clamp, the boring machine clamps the workpieces and the machining is completed, and the two workpieces are automatically transferred from the machining station to the unloading buffer station.

[0006] The device includes a main platform mechanism, an automatic feeding mechanism, a first automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism, a second automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism, and a blanking buffer mechanism. The main platform mechanism is mounted on a vertical dual-axis boring machine. The automatic feeding mechanism is mounted on the main platform mechanism and is used to push the workpiece from the feeding buffer station to the machining station. The first automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism is mounted on the main platform mechanism and is used to precisely position the workpiece at the machining station to the target position, i.e., the position concentric with the spindle boring tool, to ensure the clamping accuracy required by the machining process. The second automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism has the same function as the first automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism, only the installation position is different. The blanking buffer mechanism is mounted on the main platform mechanism, and the automatic feeding mechanism pushes the machined workpiece to the blanking buffer mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the main platform mechanism includes a boring machine table, a first material detection sensor, a second material detection sensor, a first sensor bracket, and a second sensor bracket; the boring machine table is connected to the bed of the vertical dual-axis boring machine; both the first sensor bracket and the second sensor bracket are mounted on the boring machine table; the first material detection sensor is mounted on the first sensor bracket and is used to detect the presence or absence of a workpiece; the second material detection sensor is mounted on the second sensor bracket and is used to detect the presence or absence of a workpiece.

[0008] The area above the boring machine table, which overlaps with the area directly in front of the first material detection sensor, serves as the first material feeding buffer station; the area above the boring machine table, which overlaps with the area directly in front of the second material detection sensor, serves as the second material feeding buffer station; the area above the boring machine table, which overlaps with the area below the first spindle of the vertical dual-axis boring machine, serves as the first machining station; and the area above the boring machine table, which shares space with the area below the second spindle of the vertical dual-axis boring machine, serves as the second machining station.

[0009] Furthermore, the automatic feeding mechanism includes a thrust cylinder, a thrust cylinder bracket, an active transition plate, a driven transition plate, a guide rail bracket, a linear guide rail assembly, a first sliding bearing, a second sliding bearing, a synchronous mandrel, a rotary cylinder, and a material lever assembly; the thrust cylinder is mounted on the boring machine table, the active transition plate is mounted on the movable slider of the thrust cylinder, and the thrust cylinder can push the active transition plate to perform linear motion; the driven transition plate, under the push of the active transition plate, performs linear motion.

[0010] The guide rail bracket is mounted on the boring machine table; the linear guide rail assembly includes a linear guide rail and two sliders mounted on the guide rail, wherein the linear guide rail is mounted on the guide rail bracket, and the first sliding bearing and the second sliding bearing are respectively mounted on the two sliders; the synchronous spindle is connected and mounted to the first sliding bearing and the second sliding bearing, and the synchronous spindle rotates around the common axis of the first sliding bearing and the second sliding bearing;

[0011] The first sliding bearing moves linearly along the linear guide rail under the push of the driven transition plate; the synchronous spindle moves linearly along the linear guide rail under the push of the first sliding bearing; the second sliding bearing maintains the same distance from the first sliding bearing under the push of the synchronous spindle.

[0012] The rotary cylinder is used to drive the synchronous spindle to rotate at a certain angle, and can rotate in both the forward and reverse directions.

[0013] The material lever assembly is mounted on the synchronous spindle and is used to push the workpiece from the feeding buffer station to the processing station.

[0014] Furthermore, the material lever assembly includes a first material lever, a second material lever, a third material lever, and a fourth material lever; the synchronous spindle rotates in the forward direction to make the first, second, third, and fourth material levers, which were in a horizontal state, become vertical; the synchronous spindle rotates in the reverse direction to make the first, second, third, and fourth material levers, which were in a vertical state, return to a horizontal state.

[0015] Furthermore, the first feeding buffer station is used to place the first workpiece, which slides from left to right to the first processing station under the push of the first material lever; the second feeding buffer station is used to place the second workpiece, which slides from left to right to the second processing station under the push of the second material lever; the automatic pushing mechanism performs a second push, and the first workpiece slides from left to right to the first unloading buffer station under the second push of the first material lever; the second workpiece slides from left to right to the second unloading buffer station under the second push of the second material lever.

[0016] Furthermore, if the first material detection sensor of the main platform mechanism detects a workpiece at the first feeding buffer station, and the second material detection sensor detects a workpiece at the second feeding buffer station, then the thrust cylinder of the automatic pushing mechanism pushes to the right, and the four material levers move accordingly. The first material lever pushes the workpiece at the first feeding buffer station to the first processing station, the second material lever pushes the workpiece at the second feeding buffer station to the second processing station, the third material lever pushes the workpiece at the first processing station to the first unloading buffer station, and the fourth material lever pushes the workpiece at the second processing station to the second unloading buffer station. The four material levers move synchronously, and the distance between the four material levers remains constant. The workpieces do not interfere with each other during the pushing process, thereby realizing the movement of four workpieces to the right station each time.

[0017] Furthermore, the first automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism includes a position adjustment component, a pneumatic slide assembly, and a clamping and centering component; the clamping and centering component is used to form a virtual circular space to clamp the workpiece on the processing station; the position adjustment component is used to adjust the position accuracy of the virtual circle of the clamping and centering component; the pneumatic slide assembly is used to control the forward and backward movements of the clamping and centering component.

[0018] Furthermore, the position adjustment assembly includes a position adjustment plate, a first threaded block, a second threaded block, a third threaded block, a fourth threaded block, a first fine-tuning screw, a second fine-tuning screw, a third fine-tuning screw, and a fourth fine-tuning screw; the position adjustment plate is mounted on the boring machine table and allows for slight position adjustments before being fully locked to the boring machine table; the four threaded blocks are fixed to the boring machine table, and the four fine-tuning screws pass through the threaded holes of the corresponding numbered threaded blocks; rotating the fine-tuning screws allows for fine-tuning the position of the position adjustment plate.

[0019] Further, the clamping and centering assembly includes a jaw connecting plate, a jaw cylinder, a left jaw finger, a right jaw finger, a first ball bearing, a second ball bearing, a third ball bearing, and a fourth ball bearing; the jaw connecting plate is mounted on the end plate of the pneumatic slide assembly, so that the entire clamping and centering assembly follows the extension and retraction of the pneumatic slide assembly, producing forward and backward movements; the jaw cylinder has two symmetrically operating clamping blocks, respectively used to mount the left jaw finger and the right jaw finger, and the left and right jaw fingers can follow the jaw cylinder to perform symmetrical clamping movements; the right jaw finger is equipped with the first and second ball bearings; the left jaw finger is equipped with the third and fourth ball bearings; the jaw cylinder applies a certain clamping force to the left and right jaw fingers, in Under the clamping force, the tangent edges of the four ball bearings are all tangent to the circular workpiece. The diameter of the circular workpiece varies within a certain range, while its center position remains constant within a certain precision. A dial indicator is installed on the spindle of the vertical twin-axis boring machine. The spindle rotates slowly, and the dial indicator head contacts the inner cylindrical surface of the workpiece. The fine-tuning screw of the position adjustment component and the limit screw of the pneumatic slide component are adjusted respectively to make the dial indicator runout meet the process requirements. At this time, the center determined by the tangent edges of the four ball bearings maintains a certain concentricity with the first spindle of the vertical twin-axis boring machine, and this concentricity meets the process requirements. After the position adjustment plate is locked and fixed on the boring machine table, the center determined by the tangent edges of the four ball bearings of the clamping centering component always maintains a certain concentricity with the first spindle of the vertical twin-axis boring machine. When changing workpieces of different specifications, it is not necessary to change the ring clamp of the boring machine.

[0020] The pneumatic slide assembly includes the end plate, which is mounted on the position adjustment plate. It also includes a base portion and an extension portion mounted on the base portion, enabling extension and retraction functions. The maximum extension is finely adjusted by the limiting screws on the end plate. The pneumatic slide assembly extends forward, driving the clamping and centering assembly forward. The four ball bearings of the clamping and centering assembly are tangent to the workpiece at the first machining station, clamping the workpiece. The workpiece is moved to below the first spindle of the vertical twin-axis boring machine, maintaining high-precision concentricity with the spindle. At this point, the vertical twin-axis boring machine presses the workpiece, the clamping and centering assembly releases the workpiece, and the pneumatic slide assembly retracts to its initial length, driving the clamping and centering assembly back to its original position. The vertical twin-axis boring machine then performs boring machining on the workpiece.

[0021] Furthermore, the unloading buffer mechanism includes a main frame, a third sensor, a fourth sensor, an electric roller assembly, and a fifth sensor; the main frame is mounted on the boring machine table to fix the third sensor, the fourth sensor, and the electric roller assembly; the electric roller assembly is used to convey the workpiece from left to right, and the intersection area above the electric roller assembly and the area in front of the detection by the third sensor serves as the first unloading buffer station; the intersection area above the electric roller assembly and the area in front of the detection by the fourth sensor serves as the second unloading buffer station; if there is a workpiece at the first unloading buffer station or the second unloading buffer station, the electric roller assembly automatically starts and conveys the workpiece from left to right until the workpiece reaches the fifth sensor located at the end of the unloading buffer mechanism, after which the electric roller assembly stops conveying.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the significant advantages of this invention are:

[0023] (1) Currently, there is no technology that can realize fully automatic machining on a dual-axis boring machine. This invention is the first to propose a technology that realizes fully automatic machining on a dual-axis boring machine. This invention realizes the automatic transfer of two workpieces from the feeding buffer station to the machining station through an automatic feeding mechanism, and simultaneously realizes the automatic transfer of two machined workpieces from the machining station to the unloading buffer station.

[0024] (2) By using the automatic precision positioning mechanism, the two workpieces at the machining station can be automatically and concentrically aligned with the two spindle boring tools with high precision, thus achieving rapid and automatic alignment of the workpieces.

[0025] (3) By using an automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism, one set of mechanisms can replace multiple fixtures, and is compatible with all specifications of workpieces within the design range. That is, when processing workpieces of different specifications, there is no need to change the ring fixture.

[0026] (4) Use sensors to monitor the position status of the automatic feeding mechanism and the automatic precision positioning mechanism to realize the automatic clamping of the workpiece by the boring machine and the boring process.

[0027] (5) The two workpieces are automatically transferred from the processing station to the unloading buffer station through the automatic feeding mechanism.

[0028] (6) This invention is particularly suitable for integration into a fully automated machining production line to achieve unattended and continuous machining; or for integration into a twin-axis boring machine itself to manufacture a fully automated twin-axis boring machine.

[0029] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a device with multi-station automatic loading and unloading and precision workpiece positioning functions installed on a vertical twin-axis boring machine in one embodiment.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a device with multi-station automatic loading and unloading and precision workpiece positioning functions in one embodiment.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main platform mechanism for loading materials in one embodiment.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic feeding mechanism in one embodiment.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of six workstations in one embodiment.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the workpiece in one embodiment.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a first automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism in one embodiment.

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece position determined by the first automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism in one embodiment.

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a position adjustment mechanism in one embodiment.

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic slide assembly in one embodiment.

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a clamping and centering component in one embodiment.

[0041] Figure 12 This is an example of a feeding buffer assembly.

[0042] Figure label:

[0043] A device with multi-station automatic loading and unloading and precision workpiece positioning functions includes: 1. Vertical dual-axis boring machine; 2. Main platform mechanism; 3. Automatic feeding mechanism; 4. First automatic precision workpiece positioning mechanism; 5. Second automatic precision workpiece positioning mechanism; 6. Unloading buffer mechanism; 7. Boring machine table; 8. Second material detection sensor; 9. First material detection sensor; 10. Second sensor bracket; 11. First sensor bracket; 12. Thrust cylinder; 13. Thrust cylinder bracket; 14. Active transition plate; 15. Automatic feeding mechanism; 16. Driven transition plate; 17. Guide rail bracket; 18. Linear guide rail assembly; 19. First sliding bearing; 20. Second sliding bearing; 21. Synchronous spindle; 22. Rotary cylinder; 24. First material lever; 25. Second material lever; 26. Third material lever; 27. Fourth material lever; 28. First feeding buffer station; 29. ​​Second feeding buffer station; 30. First machining station; 21. Second machining station. Position 31, First unloading buffer station 32, Second unloading buffer station 33, First workpiece 34, Second workpiece 35, Position adjustment assembly 38, Pneumatic slide assembly 39, Clamping and centering assembly 40, Virtual circle 41, Position adjustment plate 42, First threaded block 43, Second threaded block 44, Third threaded block 45, Fourth threaded block 46, First fine-tuning screw 47, Second fine-tuning screw 48, Third fine-tuning screw 49, Fourth fine-tuning screw 50, Base part 51, Extension part 52, Limiting screw 53, End plate 54, Gripper connecting plate 55, Gripper cylinder 56, Left gripper finger 57, Right gripper finger 58, First ball bearing 59, Second ball bearing 60, Third ball bearing 61, Fourth ball bearing 62, Circular workpiece 63, Main frame 64, Third sensor 65, Fourth sensor 66, Electric roller assembly 67, Fifth sensor 68. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0045] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0046] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0047] In one embodiment, a device 1 with multi-station automatic loading and unloading and precision positioning of workpieces is provided and applied to the vertical dual-axis boring machine 2. The device is used to realize: two workpieces are automatically transferred from the feeding buffer station to the machining station, the two workpieces are automatically concentric with the boring tool of the spindle, workpieces of different specifications are processed without changing the ring clamp, the boring machine clamps the workpiece and the machining is completed, and the two workpieces are automatically transferred from the machining station to the unloading buffer station.

[0048] Furthermore, in one embodiment, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 The device includes a main platform mechanism 3, an automatic feeding mechanism 4, a first automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism 5, a second automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism 6, and a blanking buffer mechanism 7. The main platform mechanism 3 is mounted on a vertical twin-axis boring machine 2. The automatic feeding mechanism 4 is mounted on the main platform mechanism 3 and is used to push the workpiece from the feeding buffer station to the machining station. The first automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism 5 is mounted on the main platform mechanism 3 and is used to precisely position the workpiece at the machining station to the target position, i.e., the position concentric with the spindle boring tool, to ensure the clamping accuracy required by the machining process. The second automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism 6 has the same function as the first automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism 5, only the installation position is different. The blanking buffer mechanism 7 is mounted on the main platform mechanism 3, and the automatic feeding mechanism 4 pushes the machined workpiece to the blanking buffer mechanism 7.

[0049] Furthermore, in one embodiment, combined with Figure 3 and Figure 5The main platform mechanism 3 includes a boring machine table 8, a first material detection sensor 10, a second material detection sensor 9, a first sensor bracket 12, and a second sensor bracket 11; the boring machine table 8 is connected to the bed of the vertical dual-axis boring machine 2; the first sensor bracket 12 and the second sensor bracket 11 are both mounted on the boring machine table 8; the first material detection sensor 10 is mounted on the first sensor bracket 12 and is used to detect whether there is a workpiece; the second material detection sensor 9 is mounted on the second sensor bracket 11 and is used to detect whether there is a workpiece.

[0050] The area above the boring machine table 8, which overlaps with the area directly in front of the first material detection sensor 10, serves as the first feeding buffer station 28; the area above the boring machine table 8, which overlaps with the area directly in front of the second material detection sensor 9, serves as the second feeding buffer station 29; the area above the boring machine table 8, which overlaps with the area below the first spindle of the vertical dual-axis boring machine 2, serves as the first machining station 30; and the area above the boring machine table 8, which shares the area below the second spindle of the vertical dual-axis boring machine 2, serves as the second machining station 31.

[0051] Furthermore, in one embodiment, combined with Figure 4 The automatic feeding mechanism 4 includes a thrust cylinder 13, a thrust cylinder bracket 14, an active transition plate 15, a driven transition plate 16, a guide rail bracket 17, a linear guide rail assembly 18, a first sliding bearing 19, a second sliding bearing 20, a synchronous mandrel 21, a rotary cylinder 22, and a material lever assembly. The thrust cylinder 13 is mounted on the boring machine table 8, and the active transition plate 15 is mounted on the movable slider of the thrust cylinder 13. The thrust cylinder 13 can push the active transition plate 15 to perform linear motion. The driven transition plate 16 performs linear motion under the push of the active transition plate 15.

[0052] The guide rail bracket 17 is mounted on the boring machine table 8; the linear guide rail assembly 18 includes a linear guide rail and two sliders mounted on the guide rail, wherein the linear guide rail is mounted on the guide rail bracket 17, and the first sliding bearing 19 and the second sliding bearing 20 are respectively mounted on the two sliders; the synchronous spindle 21 is connected and installed with the first sliding bearing 19 and the second sliding bearing 20, and the synchronous spindle 21 rotates around the common axis of the first sliding bearing 19 and the second sliding bearing 20;

[0053] The first sliding bearing 19 moves linearly along the linear guide rail under the push of the driven transition plate 16; the synchronous spindle 21 moves linearly along the linear guide rail under the push of the first sliding bearing 19; the second sliding bearing 20 maintains the same distance from the first sliding bearing 19 under the push of the synchronous spindle 21.

[0054] The rotary cylinder 22 is used to drive the synchronous spindle 21 to rotate at a certain angle, and can rotate in both the forward and reverse directions.

[0055] The material lever assembly is mounted on the synchronous spindle 21 and is used to push the workpiece from the feeding buffer station to the processing station.

[0056] More preferably, in some embodiments, the material lever assembly includes a first material lever 24, a second material lever 25, a third material lever 26, and a fourth material lever 27; the synchronous spindle 21 rotates in the forward direction to make the first material lever 24, the second material lever 25, the third material lever 26, and the fourth material lever 27, which were in a horizontal state, become vertical; the synchronous spindle 21 rotates in the reverse direction to make the first material lever 24, the second material lever 25, the third material lever 26, and the fourth material lever 27, which were in a vertical state, return to a horizontal state.

[0057] Here, combined Figure 5 and Figure 6 The first feeding buffer station 28 is used to place the first workpiece 34, which slides from left to right to the first processing station 30 under the push of the first material lever 24; the second feeding buffer station 29 is used to place the second workpiece 35, which slides from left to right to the second processing station 31 under the push of the second material lever 25; the automatic pushing mechanism 4 performs a second push, and the first workpiece 34 slides from left to right to the first unloading buffer station 32 under the second push of the first material lever 24; the second workpiece 35 slides from left to right to the second unloading buffer station 33 under the second push of the second material lever 25.

[0058] If the first material detection sensor 10 of the main platform mechanism 3 detects a workpiece at the first feeding buffer station 28, and the second material detection sensor 9 detects a workpiece at the second feeding buffer station 29, then the thrust cylinder 13 of the automatic pushing mechanism 4 pushes to the right, and the four material levers move accordingly. The first material lever 24 pushes the workpiece at the first feeding buffer station 28 to the first processing station 30, the second material lever 25 pushes the workpiece at the second feeding buffer station 29 to the second processing station 31, the third material lever 26 pushes the workpiece at the first processing station 30 to the first unloading buffer station 32, and the fourth material lever 27 pushes the workpiece at the second processing station 31 to the second unloading buffer station 33. The four material levers move synchronously, and the distance between the four material levers remains constant. The workpieces do not interfere with each other during the pushing process, thereby realizing the movement of four workpieces to the right station each time.

[0059] Preferably, the first material lever 24, the second material lever 25, the third material lever 26, and the fourth material lever 27 have the same shape and a V-shaped notch, which facilitates pushing the workpiece to slide linearly from left to right on the boring machine table 8.

[0060] Furthermore, in one embodiment, combined with Figure 7 and Figure 8 The first automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism 5 includes a position adjustment component 38, a pneumatic slide assembly 39, and a clamping and centering component 40; the clamping and centering component 40 is used to form a virtual circular space to clamp the workpiece on the processing station; the position adjustment component 38 is used to adjust the position accuracy of the virtual circle 41 of the clamping and centering component 40; the pneumatic slide assembly 39 is used to control the forward and backward movements of the clamping and centering component 40.

[0061] Preferably, in some embodiments, combined with Figure 9 The position adjustment assembly 38 includes a position adjustment plate 42, a first threaded block 43, a second threaded block 44, a third threaded block 45, a fourth threaded block 46, a first fine-tuning screw 47, a second fine-tuning screw 48, a third fine-tuning screw 49, and a fourth fine-tuning screw 50. The position adjustment plate 42 is mounted on the boring machine table 8 and allows for minor position adjustments before being fully locked to the boring machine table 8. The four threaded blocks are fixed on the boring machine table 8, and the four fine-tuning screws pass through the threaded holes of the corresponding numbered threaded blocks. Rotating the fine-tuning screws allows for fine-tuning the position of the position adjustment plate 42.

[0062] Preferably, in some embodiments, combined with Figure 11The clamping and centering assembly 40 includes a jaw connecting plate 55, a jaw cylinder 56, a left jaw finger 57, a right jaw finger 58, a first ball bearing 59, a second ball bearing 60, a third ball bearing 61, and a fourth ball bearing 62. The jaw connecting plate 55 is mounted on the end plate 54 of the pneumatic slide assembly 39, so that the entire clamping and centering assembly 40 follows the extension and retraction of the pneumatic slide assembly 39, producing forward and backward movements. Cylinder 56 has two symmetrically moving clamping blocks, used to mount the left jaw finger 57 and the right jaw finger 58 respectively. The left jaw finger 57 and the right jaw finger 58 can follow the clamping cylinder 56 to perform symmetrical clamping actions. The right jaw finger 58 is equipped with a first ball bearing 59 and a second ball bearing 60. The left jaw finger 57 is equipped with a third ball bearing 61 and a fourth ball bearing 62. The clamping cylinder 56 applies a certain clamping force to the left jaw finger 57 and the right jaw finger 58. Under the action of the clamping force, the tangent edges of all four ball bearings are tangent to the circular workpiece 63. The diameter of the circular workpiece varies within a certain range, while its center position remains unchanged within a certain accuracy. A dial indicator is mounted on the spindle of the vertical double-axis boring machine 2. The spindle rotates slowly, and the dial indicator head contacts the inner cylindrical surface of the workpiece. The fine-tuning screw of the position adjustment component 38 and the limit screw 5 of the pneumatic slide component 39 are adjusted respectively. 3. Ensure the dial indicator runout meets process requirements. At this point, the center of the circle determined by the tangent of the four ball bearings is concentric with the first spindle of the vertical twin-axis boring machine 2, and this concentricity meets process requirements. After locking and fixing the position adjustment plate 42 on the boring machine table 8, the center of the circle determined by the tangent of the four ball bearings of the centering assembly 40 will always maintain a certain concentricity with the first spindle of the vertical twin-axis boring machine 2. When changing workpieces of different specifications, it is not necessary to change the ring fixture of the boring machine.

[0063] Preferably, in some embodiments, combined with Figure 10 The pneumatic slide assembly 39 includes the end plate 54, which is mounted on the position adjustment plate 42. It also includes a base portion 51 and an extension portion 52 mounted on the base portion 51, enabling extension and retraction. The maximum extension is slightly adjusted by the limiting screw 53 of the end plate 54. When the pneumatic slide assembly 39 extends forward, it drives the clamping and centering assembly 40 forward. The four ball bearings of the clamping and centering assembly 40 are tangent to the workpiece at the first processing station 30, clamping the workpiece. The workpiece is moved to below the first spindle of the vertical dual-axis boring machine 2, maintaining high-precision concentricity with the spindle. At this time, the vertical dual-axis boring machine 2 presses the workpiece, the clamping and centering assembly 40 releases the workpiece, and the pneumatic slide assembly 39 retracts to its initial length, driving the clamping and centering assembly 40 back to its original position. The vertical dual-axis boring machine 2 then performs boring machining on the workpiece.

[0064] Furthermore, in one embodiment, combined with Figure 12 The unloading buffer mechanism 7 includes a main frame 64, a third sensor 65, a fourth sensor 66, an electric roller assembly 67, and a fifth sensor 68. The main frame 64 is mounted on the boring machine table 8 to fix the third sensor 65, the fourth sensor 66, and the electric roller assembly 67. The electric roller assembly 67 is used to convey the workpiece from left to right. The intersection of the area above the electric roller assembly 67 and the area in front of the detection by the third sensor 65 serves as the first unloading buffer station 32. The intersection of the area above the electric roller assembly 67 and the area in front of the detection by the fourth sensor 66 serves as the second unloading buffer station 33. If there is a workpiece at the first unloading buffer station 32 or the second unloading buffer station 33, the electric roller assembly 67 automatically starts and conveys the workpiece from left to right until the workpiece reaches the fifth sensor 68 located at the end of the unloading buffer mechanism 7, after which the electric roller assembly 67 stops conveying.

[0065] It should be noted that the numerous components mentioned above, such as workstations, workpieces, material levers, threaded blocks, fine-tuning screws, sensors, and bearings, can be added to or removed to suit actual needs. However, as long as they fall within the scope of this invention, they are all protected by this invention.

[0066] This invention effectively solves the multiple technical problems of manual loading and unloading, manual operation of equipment, which are not only labor-intensive, inefficient, and frequently cause damage to workers' hands, but also require changing ring clamps of different specifications when processing workpieces of different specifications.

[0067] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute any limitation on the present invention. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions and content disclosed in the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention are considered to have remained within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device with multi-station automatic loading and unloading and precision workpiece positioning functions, applied to a vertical twin-axis boring machine, characterized in that, The device is used to achieve the following: two workpieces are automatically transferred from the feeding buffer station to the processing station, the two workpieces are automatically concentric with the boring tool of the spindle, workpieces of different specifications are processed without changing the ring clamp, the boring machine clamps the workpiece and the processing is completed, and the two workpieces are automatically transferred from the processing station to the unloading buffer station. The device includes a main platform mechanism (3), an automatic feeding mechanism (4), a first automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism (5), a second automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism (6), and a feeding buffer mechanism (7). The main platform mechanism (3) is mounted on a vertical dual-axis boring machine (2). The automatic feeding mechanism (4) is mounted on the main platform mechanism (3) and is used to push the workpiece from the feeding buffer station to the machining station. The first automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism (5) is mounted on the main platform mechanism (3) and is used to precisely position the workpiece at the machining station to the target position, that is, the position concentric with the spindle boring tool, so as to ensure the clamping accuracy required by the machining process. The second automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism (6) has the same function as the first automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism (5), only the installation position is different. The feeding buffer mechanism (7) is mounted on the main platform mechanism (3), and the automatic feeding mechanism (4) pushes the finished workpiece to the feeding buffer mechanism (7). The automatic feeding mechanism (4) includes a material lever assembly, which includes a first material lever (24), a second material lever (25), a third material lever (26) and a fourth material lever (27). The first automatic precision positioning workpiece mechanism (5) includes a position adjustment component (38), a pneumatic slide assembly (39), and a clamping and centering component (40); the clamping and centering component (40) is used to form a virtual circular space to clamp the workpiece on the processing station; the position adjustment component (38) is used to adjust the position accuracy of the virtual circle (41) of the clamping and centering component (40); the pneumatic slide assembly (39) is used to control the forward and backward movements of the clamping and centering component (40). The position adjustment assembly (38) includes a position adjustment plate (42), a first threaded block (43), a second threaded block (44), a third threaded block (45), a fourth threaded block (46), a first fine-tuning screw (47), a second fine-tuning screw (48), a third fine-tuning screw (49), and a fourth fine-tuning screw (50). The position adjustment plate (42) is mounted on the boring machine table (8) and allows for slight position adjustments before being fully locked to the boring machine table (8). The four threaded blocks are fixed on the boring machine table (8), and the four fine-tuning screws pass through the threaded holes of the corresponding numbered threaded blocks. Rotating the fine-tuning screws allows for fine-tuning the position of the position adjustment plate (42).

2. The device with multi-station automatic loading and unloading and precision workpiece positioning functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main platform mechanism (3) includes a boring machine table (8), a first material detection sensor (10), a second material detection sensor (9), a first sensor bracket (12), and a second sensor bracket (11); the boring machine table (8) is connected to the bed of the vertical dual-axis boring machine (2); the first sensor bracket (12) and the second sensor bracket (11) are both installed on the boring machine table (8); the first material detection sensor (10) is installed on the first sensor bracket (12) and is used to detect whether there is a workpiece; the second material detection sensor (9) is installed on the second sensor bracket (11) and is used to detect whether there is a workpiece. The area above the boring machine table (8) and the area directly in front of the first material detection sensor (10) are used as the first feeding buffer station (28); the area above the boring machine table (8) and the area directly in front of the second material detection sensor (9) are used as the second feeding buffer station (29); the area above the boring machine table (8) and the area below the first spindle of the vertical dual-axis boring machine (2) are used as the first machining station (30); the area above the boring machine table (8) and the area below the second spindle of the vertical dual-axis boring machine (2) are used as the second machining station (31).

3. The device with multi-station automatic loading and unloading and precision workpiece positioning functions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The automatic feeding mechanism (4) further includes a thrust cylinder (13), a thrust cylinder bracket (14), an active transition plate (15), a driven transition plate (16), a guide rail bracket (17), a linear guide rail assembly (18), a first sliding bearing (19), a second sliding bearing (20), a synchronous mandrel (21), and a rotary cylinder (22). The thrust cylinder (13) is mounted on the boring machine table (8), and the active transition plate (15) is mounted on the movable slider of the thrust cylinder (13). The thrust cylinder (13) can push the active transition plate (15) to make linear motion. The driven transition plate (16) makes linear motion under the push of the active transition plate (15). The guide rail bracket (17) is mounted on the boring machine table (8); the linear guide rail assembly (18) includes a linear guide rail and two sliders mounted on the guide rail, wherein the linear guide rail is mounted on the guide rail bracket (17), and the first sliding bearing (19) and the second sliding bearing (20) are respectively mounted on the two sliders; the synchronous spindle (21) is connected and mounted to the first sliding bearing (19) and the second sliding bearing (20), and the synchronous spindle (21) rotates around the common axis of the first sliding bearing (19) and the second sliding bearing (20); The first sliding bearing (19) moves linearly along the linear guide under the push of the driven transition plate (16); the synchronous spindle (21) moves linearly along the linear guide under the push of the first sliding bearing (19); the second sliding bearing (20) maintains the same distance from the first sliding bearing (19) under the push of the synchronous spindle (21). The rotary cylinder (22) is used to drive the synchronous spindle (21) to rotate at a certain angle, and can rotate in both the forward and reverse directions; The material lever assembly is mounted on the synchronous spindle (21) and is used to push the workpiece from the feeding buffer station to the processing station.

4. The device with multi-station automatic loading and unloading and precision workpiece positioning functions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The synchronous spindle (21) rotates in the forward direction, causing the first material lever (24), the second material lever (25), the third material lever (26), and the fourth material lever (27) in the horizontal state to become vertical; the synchronous spindle (21) rotates in the reverse direction, causing the first material lever (24), the second material lever (25), the third material lever (26), and the fourth material lever (27) in the vertical state to return to the horizontal state.

5. The device with multi-station automatic loading and unloading and precision workpiece positioning functions according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first feeding buffer station (28) is used to place the first workpiece (34), which slides from left to right to the first processing station (30) under the push of the first material lever (24); the second feeding buffer station (29) is used to place the second workpiece (35), which slides from left to right to the second processing station (31) under the push of the second material lever (25); the automatic pushing mechanism (4) pushes for the second time, and the first workpiece (34) slides from left to right to the first unloading buffer station (32) under the second push of the first material lever (24); the second workpiece (35) slides from left to right to the second unloading buffer station (33) under the second push of the second material lever (25).

6. The device with multi-station automatic loading and unloading and precision workpiece positioning functions according to claim 5, characterized in that, If the first material detection sensor (10) of the main platform mechanism (3) detects a workpiece at the first feeding buffer station (28), and the second material detection sensor (9) detects a workpiece at the second feeding buffer station (29), then the thrust cylinder (13) of the automatic pushing mechanism (4) pushes to the right, and the four material levers move accordingly. The first material lever (24) pushes the workpiece at the first feeding buffer station (28) to the first processing station (30), and the second material lever (25) pushes the workpiece at the second feeding buffer station (29) to the first processing station (30). The workpiece at the feeding buffer station (29) is pushed to the second processing station (31). The third material lever (26) pushes the workpiece at the first processing station (30) to the first unloading buffer station (32). The fourth material lever (27) pushes the workpiece at the second processing station (31) to the second unloading buffer station (33). The four material levers move synchronously and the distance between the four material levers remains constant. The workpieces do not interfere with each other during the pushing process, thereby realizing that each time four workpieces are pushed to the right station.

7. The device with multi-station automatic loading and unloading and precision workpiece positioning functions according to claim 5, characterized in that, The clamping and centering assembly (40) includes a jaw connecting plate (55), a jaw cylinder (56), a left jaw finger (57), a right jaw finger (58), a first ball bearing (59), a second ball bearing (60), a third ball bearing (61), and a fourth ball bearing (62). The jaw connecting plate (55) is mounted on the end plate (54) of the pneumatic slide assembly (39), so that the entire clamping and centering assembly (40) follows the extension and retraction of the pneumatic slide assembly (39) to produce forward and backward movements. The gripper cylinder (56) has two symmetrically moving gripping blocks, which are used to mount the left gripper finger (57) and the right gripper finger (58) respectively. The left gripper finger (57) and the right gripper finger (58) can follow the gripper cylinder (56) to perform symmetrical clamping actions. The right gripper finger (58) is equipped with a first ball bearing (59) and a second ball bearing (60). The left gripper finger (57) is equipped with a third ball bearing (61) and a fourth ball bearing (62). The gripper cylinder (56) applies a certain clamping force to the left gripper finger (57) and the right gripper finger (58). Under the action of the clamping force, the tangent edges of the four ball bearings are all tangent to the circular workpiece (63). The diameter of the circular workpiece varies within a certain range, and its center position remains unchanged within a certain accuracy. The vertical double-axis boring machine (2) is equipped with a dial indicator on its spindle. The spindle rotates slowly, and the dial indicator head contacts the inner cylindrical surface of the workpiece. The fine adjustment screws of the position adjustment assembly (38) and the pneumatic slide assembly (39) are adjusted respectively. The limit screw (53) of the dial indicator is used to make the dial indicator runout meet the process requirements. At this time, the center of the circle determined by the tangent of the four ball bearings is concentric with the first spindle of the vertical double-axis boring machine (2). This concentricity meets the process requirements. After the position adjustment plate (42) is locked and fixed on the table (8) of the boring machine, the center of the circle determined by the tangent of the four ball bearings of the centering component (40) is always concentric with the first spindle of the vertical double-axis boring machine (2). When changing workpieces of different specifications, it is not necessary to change the ring clamp of the boring machine. The pneumatic slide assembly (39) includes the end plate (54), which is mounted on the position adjustment plate (42). It also includes a base portion (51) and an extension portion (52) mounted on the base portion (51) to achieve extension and retraction functions. The maximum extension is slightly adjusted by the limiting screw (53) of the end plate (54). When the pneumatic slide assembly (39) extends forward, it drives the clamping and centering assembly (40) to move forward. The four ball bearings of the clamping and centering assembly (40) are tangent to the workpiece of the first machining station (30), clamping the workpiece. The workpiece is moved to the bottom of the first spindle of the vertical twin-axis boring machine (2) and maintains high-precision concentricity with the spindle. At this time, the vertical twin-axis boring machine (2) presses the workpiece, the clamping and centering assembly (40) releases the workpiece, the pneumatic slide assembly (39) retracts to the starting length, and drives the clamping and centering assembly (40) back to the original position. The vertical twin-axis boring machine (2) performs boring processing on the workpiece.

8. The device with multi-station automatic loading and unloading and precision workpiece positioning functions according to claim 5, characterized in that, The feeding buffer mechanism (7) includes a main frame (64), a third sensor (65), a fourth sensor (66), an electric roller assembly (67), and a fifth sensor (68). The main frame (64) is mounted on the boring machine table (8) to fix the third sensor (65), the fourth sensor (66), and the electric roller assembly (67). The electric roller assembly (67) is used to convey the workpiece from left to right. The area above the electric roller assembly (67) intersects with the area in front detected by the third sensor (65). The area is designated as the first unloading buffer station (32); the area above the electric roller assembly (67) and the area in front detected by the fourth sensor (66) are designated as the second unloading buffer station (33); if there is a workpiece at the first unloading buffer station (32) or the second unloading buffer station (33), the electric roller assembly (67) will automatically start and convey the workpiece from left to right until the workpiece reaches the fifth sensor (68) at the end of the unloading buffer mechanism (7), after which the electric roller assembly (67) will stop conveying.

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