A battery management method based on SOC dynamic correction and charging current limiting

Abstract

The present application provides a battery management method based on dynamic SOC correction and charging current limiting, which relates to the technical field of battery management. The method includes: obtaining the real-time voltage and real-time current of a monitoring battery; calculating the real-time battery capacity of the monitoring battery based on the real-time current; if the operating state is determined to be a charging state and the real-time battery capacity reaches a preset first capacity, calculating the terminal charging current of the monitoring battery based on the real-time voltage and real-time current, and controlling the charging circuit of the monitoring battery to charge the monitoring battery with the terminal charging current; if the operating state is determined to be a discharging state, determining whether the real-time battery capacity is lower than a preset second capacity; if the real-time battery capacity is determined to be lower than the preset second capacity, performing a dynamic correction of the discharge terminal pre-undervoltage SOC based on the real-time battery capacity, real-time voltage, and real-time current, and calculating the corrected battery capacity of the monitoring battery. The present application can achieve more intelligent battery management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery management, and in particular to a battery management method based on SOC dynamic correction and charging current limiting. Background Art

[0002] State of Charge (SOC) refers to a battery's current state of charge, typically expressed as a percentage. It reflects the battery's remaining available capacity and is a key parameter in a battery management system (BMS), used to monitor the battery's charge and discharge status. Accurate SOC estimation is crucial for ensuring safe use and efficient battery management, as it helps determine the battery's remaining range and prevent overcharging or over-discharging.

[0003] Currently, mainstream pure electric vehicle component developers still rely primarily on the ampere-hour integration method to estimate the remaining charging time during the fast-charging phase. However, this method has certain limitations: first, it is prone to accumulating errors during the charging process, resulting in inaccurate remaining charging time estimates; second, it lacks sophisticated and intelligent battery state management during discharge, making it difficult to respond to dynamic changes in battery charge in real time. Therefore, improving the accuracy and intelligence of battery management has become a key requirement for industry development. This not only helps optimize charging strategies, but also effectively extends battery life and improves user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a battery management method based on SOC dynamic correction and charging current limiting, which can achieve more intelligent battery management.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present application, a battery management method based on SOC dynamic correction and charging current limiting is provided, the method comprising:

[0006] Obtain the real-time voltage, real-time current and real-time temperature of the monitored battery;

[0007] Calculating the real-time battery capacity of the monitored battery according to the real-time current;

[0008] Determining whether the operating state of the monitoring battery is a charging state or a discharging state;

[0009] If it is determined that the working state is the charging state, determining whether the real-time battery power reaches a preset first power level;

[0010] If it is determined that the real-time battery power reaches the preset first power, calculating the terminal charging current of the monitoring battery based on the real-time voltage and the real-time current, and controlling the charging circuit of the monitoring battery to charge the monitoring battery with the terminal charging current;

[0011] If it is determined that the working state is the discharging state, determining whether the real-time battery power level is lower than a preset second power level;

[0012] If it is determined that the real-time battery power is lower than the preset second power, the end-of-discharge pre-undervoltage SOC dynamic correction is performed based on the real-time battery power, the real-time temperature, the real-time voltage and the real-time current, and the corrected battery power of the monitored battery is calculated.

[0013] Optionally, after determining whether the real-time battery power level is lower than a preset second power level if the operating state is determined to be the discharging state, the method further includes:

[0014] If it is determined that the real-time battery power is lower than the preset second power and the real-time temperature is within a preset range, determining whether the real-time voltage reaches a first-level pre-undervoltage voltage;

[0015] If it is determined that the real-time voltage reaches the first-level pre-undervoltage voltage, reducing the output power of the monitored battery to the first-level output power;

[0016] If it is determined that the real-time voltage is lower than the first-level pre-undervoltage voltage and reaches the second-level pre-undervoltage voltage, and the real-time temperature is within the preset range, the output power of the monitored battery is reduced to the second-level output power, and the second-level output power is less than the first-level output power.

[0017] Optionally, after acquiring the real-time voltage and real-time current of the monitored battery, the method further includes:

[0018] Determining whether the real-time voltage is higher than a preset safety voltage, or whether the real-time current is higher than a preset safety current, or whether the real-time temperature is higher than a preset safety temperature;

[0019] If it is determined that the real-time voltage is higher than the preset safety voltage, or the real-time current is higher than the preset safety current, or the real-time temperature is higher than the preset safety temperature, the working state is controlled to stop discharging state or stop charging state.

[0020] Optionally, the terminal charging current of the monitored battery is calculated based on the real-time voltage and the real-time current, specifically by the following formula:

[0021] I end =min(I max ,k·(V max -V(t)))

[0022] Among them, I end is the terminal charging current, I maxis the preset maximum charging current, k is the adjustment coefficient, V max is the rated full charge voltage of the monitored battery, and V(t) is the real-time voltage.

[0023] Optionally, performing dynamic correction of the end-of-discharge pre-undervoltage SOC based on the real-time battery power, the real-time voltage, and the real-time current to calculate the corrected battery power of the monitored battery specifically includes:

[0024] Determining the estimated battery capacity corresponding to the real-time voltage based on a pre-established voltage-temperature-SOC curve model of the monitored battery;

[0025] Calculating a difference between the estimated battery power and the real-time battery power;

[0026] Determining whether the power difference is greater than or equal to a preset difference;

[0027] If it is determined that the power difference is greater than or equal to the preset difference, a dynamic correction of the end-of-discharge pre-undervoltage SOC is performed based on the real-time battery power, the real-time temperature, the real-time voltage, and the real-time current, and the corrected battery power is calculated.

[0028] Optionally, the dynamic correction of the end-of-discharge pre-undervoltage SOC is performed based on the real-time battery power, the real-time temperature, the real-time voltage, and the real-time current to calculate the corrected battery power of the monitored battery, specifically by the following formula:

[0029]

[0030] Wherein, SOC' is the corrected battery capacity, SOC(t k ) is the real-time battery power, T(t) is the real-time temperature, V max is the rated full charge voltage of the monitored battery, V(t) is the real-time voltage, I(t) is the real-time current, and C is the nominal capacity of the battery.

[0031] Optionally, calculating the real-time battery power of the monitored battery according to the real-time current specifically includes:

[0032] Obtaining the battery power of the monitored battery at the last sampling moment;

[0033] The real-time battery power is calculated based on the battery power of the monitoring battery at the last sampling moment and the current accumulation of the monitoring battery from the last sampling moment to the current moment, specifically using the following formula:

[0034]

[0035] Among them, SOC(tk ) is the real-time battery capacity, SOC(t k-1 ) is the battery capacity corresponding to the last sampling moment, C nom is the rated capacity of the monitoring battery, and I(t) is the real-time current of the monitoring battery at time t.

[0036] In a second aspect of the present application, a battery management device based on SOC dynamic correction and charging current limiting is provided, the device comprising an acquisition module, a processing module, a judgment module, and a control module, wherein:

[0037] The acquisition module is used to acquire the real-time voltage and real-time current of the monitoring battery;

[0038] The processing module is configured to calculate the real-time battery power of the monitored battery according to the real-time current;

[0039] The judging module is configured to judge whether the working state of the monitoring battery is a charging state or a discharging state;

[0040] The judging module is configured to judge whether the real-time battery power level reaches a preset first power level if it is determined that the working state is the charging state;

[0041] The control module is configured to calculate a terminal charging current of the monitoring battery based on the real-time voltage and the real-time current if it is determined that the real-time battery power reaches the preset first power, and control the charging circuit of the monitoring battery to charge the monitoring battery with the terminal charging current;

[0042] The judging module is configured to judge whether the real-time battery power level is lower than a preset second power level if it is determined that the working state is the discharging state;

[0043] The processing module is used to perform dynamic correction of the end-of-discharge pre-undervoltage SOC according to the real-time battery power, the real-time temperature, the real-time voltage and the real-time current if it is determined that the real-time battery power is lower than the preset second power, and calculate the corrected battery power of the monitored battery.

[0044] Optionally, the judgment module is configured to judge whether the real-time voltage reaches a first-level pre-undervoltage voltage if it is determined that the real-time battery power is lower than the preset second power and the real-time temperature is within a preset range;

[0045] The control module is configured to reduce the output power of the monitored battery to the first-level output power if it is determined that the real-time voltage reaches the first-level pre-undervoltage voltage;

[0046] The control module is used to reduce the output power of the monitored battery to the secondary output power if it is determined that the real-time voltage is lower than the first-level pre-undervoltage voltage and reaches the second-level pre-undervoltage voltage, and the real-time temperature is within a preset range. The second-level output power is less than the first-level output power.

[0047] The judgment module is used to judge whether the real-time voltage is higher than a preset safety voltage, or whether the real-time current is higher than a preset safety current, or whether the real-time temperature is higher than a preset safety temperature;

[0048] The control module is used to control the working state to a stop-discharging state or a stop-charging state if it is determined that the real-time voltage is higher than a preset safety voltage, or the real-time current is higher than a preset safety current, or the real-time temperature is higher than a preset safety temperature.

[0049] Optionally, the processing module is configured to calculate the terminal charging current of the monitored battery based on the real-time voltage and the real-time current, specifically by the following formula:

[0050] I end =min(I max ,k·(V max -V(t)))

[0051] Among them, I end is the terminal charging current, I max is the preset maximum charging current, k is the adjustment coefficient, V max is the rated full charge voltage of the monitored battery, and V(t) is the real-time voltage.

[0052] Optionally, the processing module is configured to determine the estimated battery capacity corresponding to the real-time voltage based on a pre-established voltage-SOC curve model of the monitored battery;

[0053] The processing module is used to calculate the difference between the estimated battery power and the real-time battery power;

[0054] The judging module is configured to judge whether the power difference is greater than or equal to a preset difference;

[0055] The processing module is used to perform dynamic correction of the end-of-discharge pre-undervoltage SOC according to the real-time battery power, the real-time temperature, the real-time voltage and the real-time current if it is determined that the power difference is greater than or equal to the preset difference, and calculate the corrected battery power.

[0056] Optionally, the processing module is configured to perform dynamic correction of the end-of-discharge pre-undervoltage SOC according to the real-time battery power, the real-time temperature, the real-time voltage, and the real-time current, and calculate the corrected battery power of the monitored battery, specifically by the following formula:

[0057]

[0058] Wherein, SOC' is the corrected battery capacity, SOC(t k ) is the real-time battery power, T(t) is the real-time temperature, V max is the rated full charge voltage of the monitored battery, V(t) is the real-time voltage, I(t) is the real-time current, and C is the nominal capacity of the battery.

[0059] Optionally, the acquisition module is used to obtain the battery power of the monitored battery at the last sampling moment;

[0060] The processing module is configured to calculate the real-time battery power according to the battery power of the monitoring battery at the last sampling moment and the accumulated current of the monitoring battery from the last sampling moment to the current moment, specifically by the following formula:

[0061]

[0062] Among them, SOC(t k ) is the real-time battery capacity, SOC(t k-1 ) is the battery capacity corresponding to the last sampling moment, C nom is the rated capacity of the monitoring battery, and I(t) is the real-time current of the monitoring battery at time t.

[0063] In the third aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, including a processor, a memory, a user interface and a network interface, the memory is used to store instructions, the user interface and the network interface are both used to communicate with other devices, and the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory so that the electronic device performs any of the methods described above.

[0064] In a fourth aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions. When the instructions are executed, any one of the methods described above is executed.

[0065] In summary, one or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0066] 1. This application intelligently determines the charge and discharge status by monitoring the battery's voltage, current, and state of charge in real time, and dynamically adjusts current and charge estimates during different charge and discharge phases. During charging, current limiting is performed near full charge to prevent overcharging and improve charging efficiency. During discharging, dynamic SOC correction is performed when the battery level approaches a low threshold to avoid overdischarge. This adaptive control and refined management based on the battery's real-time status effectively improves the accuracy and intelligence of battery management.

[0067] 2. Gradually reduces output power at the end of battery discharge, effectively preventing the risk of overdischarge. When the real-time battery charge falls below a preset threshold and approaches the primary and secondary undervoltage thresholds, the output power is reduced to primary and secondary output power levels, respectively. This ensures smooth discharge at low battery levels and prevents rapid depletion of remaining power. This progressive protection strategy extends battery life, improves safety and stability, and ensures continued device operation even at low battery levels.

[0068] 3. Dynamic SOC correction based on the battery's voltage-temperature-SOC curve model accurately adjusts the battery's estimated charge at the end of discharge. By detecting the difference between the estimated charge and the actual charge, the system determines whether SOC correction is necessary, thus avoiding the risk of overdischarge caused by SOC estimation errors. This solution effectively improves SOC accuracy, preventing rapid battery loss due to underestimated charge or excessive discharge due to overestimated charge, thereby improving battery life and safety.

[0069] 4. Real-time monitoring of battery voltage, current, and temperature, comparing these to preset safety thresholds, ensures the battery operates within a safe range. If the voltage, current, or temperature is detected to exceed safety limits, the system immediately switches to a stop-discharging or stop-charging state, effectively preventing battery safety issues caused by overvoltage, overcurrent, or overheating. This protection mechanism improves battery safety and stability, avoids failure or damage in extreme situations, and extends the battery life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0070] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a battery management method based on SOC dynamic correction and charging current limiting disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] Figure 2 This is a module diagram of a battery management method based on SOC dynamic correction and charging current limiting disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0073] Explanation of the reference numerals: 201, acquisition module; 202, processing module; 203, judgment module; 204, control module; 301, processor; 302, communication bus; 303, user interface; 304, network interface; 305, memory. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments.

[0075] In the description of the embodiments of this application, words such as "for example" or "for instance" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "for example" or "for instance" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "for example" or "for instance" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0076] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" means two or more. For example, multiple systems refer to two or more systems, and multiple screen terminals refer to two or more screen terminals. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0077] SOC (State of Charge) refers to the current state of charge of a battery and is a key parameter in a battery management system. It accurately reflects the remaining capacity of the battery, helps determine battery life, and avoids overcharging or over-discharging. Currently, pure electric vehicle component manufacturers primarily use the ampere-hour integration method to estimate the remaining charging time during the fast-charging phase. However, this method is prone to accumulated errors, making it difficult to accurately estimate the remaining charging time, and lacks refinement and intelligence in discharge management. Therefore, improving the accuracy and intelligence of battery management is key, not only to optimize charging strategies, but also to extend battery life and enhance user experience.

[0078] This embodiment discloses a battery management method based on SOC dynamic correction and charging current limiting, referring to Figure 1 , including the following steps S110-S170:

[0079] S110, obtaining the real-time voltage, real-time current, and real-time power of the monitored battery.

[0080] The present invention discloses a battery management method based on dynamic SOC correction and charging current limiting, which is applied to a battery monitoring electronic control system. The battery management system (BMS) is a key system for monitoring and managing battery status, ensuring safe and efficient battery use. The BMS is primarily responsible for monitoring the battery's voltage, current, temperature, and SOC (State of Charge), and controlling the charging and discharging process to prevent problems such as overcharging, overdischarging, and temperature anomalies.

[0081] To monitor the real-time voltage and current of a battery, sensors and data acquisition modules are typically used for real-time monitoring, and the data is transmitted to a battery management system (BMS) for processing. Voltage, current, and temperature sensors are used to monitor key battery parameters in real time. Each sensor transmits the collected analog signal to the BMS's data acquisition module for analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) to generate a usable digital signal.

[0082] Battery voltage and current sensors typically output analog signals, which the data acquisition module converts into digital signals for processing by the BMS. Select a high-precision, stable voltage sensor to monitor the battery's real-time voltage. The voltage sensor should be suitable for the battery's operating voltage range (such as the different voltage ranges of a single cell or battery pack). Select a current sensor (such as a Hall-effect current sensor or a shunt resistor sensor) that accommodates different current ranges to ensure accurate detection of current changes during charging and discharging.

[0083] In one possible embodiment, after obtaining the real-time voltage and real-time current of the monitored battery, the method further includes: determining whether the real-time voltage is higher than a preset safety voltage, or whether the real-time current is higher than a preset safety current, or whether the real-time temperature is higher than a preset safety temperature; if it is determined that the real-time voltage is higher than the preset safety voltage, or the real-time current is higher than the preset safety current, or the real-time temperature is higher than the preset safety temperature, then controlling the working state to a stop-discharging state or a stop-charging state.

[0084] Specifically, the following safety thresholds are preset in the BMS, and these values ​​are set according to battery characteristics and safety requirements: a safety voltage threshold, a voltage higher than this may cause battery overcharging; a safety current threshold, a current exceeding this may cause battery overcurrent; and a safety temperature threshold, a temperature higher than this increases the risk of battery thermal runaway.

[0085] Compare the real-time voltage with the preset safety voltage. If the real-time voltage is greater than the preset safety voltage, the voltage is considered to be out of limit. Compare the real-time current with the preset safety current. If the real-time current is greater than the preset safety current, the current is considered to be out of limit. Compare the real-time temperature with the preset safety temperature. If the real-time temperature is greater than the preset safety temperature, the temperature is considered to be out of limit. During the entire battery management process, if the battery voltage, current, or temperature exceeds the preset safety threshold (for example, the voltage exceeds 3.65V, the current exceeds 2C, or the temperature exceeds 56°C), charging or discharging is stopped immediately to ensure safe use of the battery.

[0086] S120 , calculating the real-time battery capacity of the monitored battery according to the real-time current.

[0087] At the beginning of the charging or discharging process, the initial SOC value of the battery (i.e., SOC(t0)) needs to be set. It can usually be set to the fully charged state of the battery (100%) or estimated by the open circuit voltage. Get the last sampling time t k-1 The battery capacity is recorded as SOC(t k-1 ), which is stored in the BMS and updated at each sampling time to ensure accurate recording of the remaining battery capacity. A current sensor is also used to monitor the real-time current I(t) of the battery at the current moment t, and this is transmitted to the BMS in real time via the data acquisition module.

[0088] To calculate the cumulative value of the current from the last sampling moment to the current sampling moment, a discrete integration method is usually used to simplify the calculation, such as the trapezoidal method or the rectangular method to approximate the integral. If the sampling interval is short enough, the following discretization formula can be used:

[0089]

[0090] Next, the real-time battery capacity is calculated based on the battery capacity of the monitored battery at the last sampling moment and the current accumulation of the monitored battery from the last sampling moment to the current moment. The specific calculation is performed using the following formula:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, SOC(t k ) is the real-time battery capacity, SOC(t k-1 ) is the battery capacity corresponding to the last sampling moment, C nom To monitor the rated capacity of the battery, it represents the total amount of power that the battery can provide when fully charged. I(t) is the real-time current of the monitored battery at time t. By using this formula, the power consumed by the battery can be deducted from the last SOC value to obtain the current battery power. The calculated SOC(t k ) is stored as the last moment power SOC (t k-1) and continues the calculation in the next sampling cycle. The BMS system determines the battery charge and discharge status based on the real-time updated battery power and adjusts the charge and discharge strategy.

[0093] This formula is based on the ampere-hour integration method and is used to estimate the battery's SOC by integrating the current. The change in the battery's SOC depends on the cumulative current of the battery's charge and discharge. The current accumulation per unit time will consume or increase the battery's SOC value. The ampere-hour integration method is based on the integration of the battery current and is used to accumulate the amount of power consumed or stored by the battery by measuring the current. The change in the battery's SOC is proportional to the current flowing through the battery. When the battery is in a discharging state, the SOC value gradually decreases; when charging, the SOC value increases. Because this method relies on the accuracy and sampling frequency of the current sensor, cumulative errors may occur over long periods of operation. To improve accuracy, in actual applications, other methods are often used to calibrate the SOC under specific conditions (such as when the battery is at rest).

[0094] S130, determining whether the working state of the monitored battery is a charging state or a discharging state.

[0095] A current sensor is used to monitor the battery current in real time. A reference current direction is set in the BMS to determine the battery's operating status. Positive current generally indicates a discharge state (i.e., current flowing from the battery to the load), while negative current indicates a charge state (i.e., current flowing from the charger to the battery). By reading the current value in real time, if the current is positive, it indicates that the battery is in a discharge state; if the current is negative, it indicates that the battery is in a charge state.

[0096] In practical applications, brief fluctuations in current direction may occur, leading to misjudgments of the charge and discharge states. Therefore, a threshold can be set, such as a current value of 5mA or less. When the absolute value of the current exceeds this threshold and is positive, the battery is considered to be in the discharge state. When the absolute value of the current exceeds this threshold and is negative, the battery is considered to be in the charge state. If the current is within the threshold range, the system maintains the current state to avoid frequent switching.

[0097] S140: If the working state is determined to be the charging state, determine whether the real-time battery power reaches a preset first power level.

[0098] During fast charging, the battery voltage and current are monitored in real time to dynamically adjust the charging current at the end of the fast charge cycle. When the battery is nearly fully charged, the charging current is reduced to prevent overcharging, improve charging efficiency, and shorten charging time. This dynamic adjustment method can effectively improve battery charging efficiency and shorten charging time.

[0099] Specifically, the "preset first charge" threshold is usually set to a percentage close to full charge (such as 80% or 90%), which is the critical point at which the charging process will enter the terminal charging stage from fast charging. The setting of this threshold depends on the battery characteristics and usage scenario. For example, setting it to 90% means that the terminal control strategy will be entered when the SOC reaches 90%.

[0100] Compare the real-time SOC value with the preset first charge threshold. If the current SOC does not reach the preset first charge level, maintain fast charging and continue charging at a higher current to quickly increase the battery charge level. If the current SOC reaches or exceeds the preset first charge threshold, the battery is considered nearly fully charged and terminal charging control is required.

[0101] S150, if it is determined that the real-time battery power reaches the preset first power, the terminal charging current of the monitoring battery is calculated based on the real-time voltage and the real-time current, and the charging circuit of the monitoring battery is controlled to charge the monitoring battery with the terminal charging current.

[0102] When the BMS detects that the real-time battery charge reaches or exceeds the preset first charge, the system determines that the battery has entered a near-full charge state and is ready to start terminal charging control. In order to implement a control strategy that calculates the terminal charging current based on real-time voltage and current, it is first necessary to set parameters and set the maximum charging current value allowed by the system (preset maximum charging current) to prevent overcurrent. The adjustment coefficient is determined based on the battery's characteristic experiments and is used to control the rate of reduction of the terminal charging current. It usually requires repeated testing and optimization. The rated full voltage is the target full voltage of the battery (for example, the full charge voltage of a lithium-ion battery is 4.2V).

[0103] Based on the real-time voltage and real-time current, the terminal charging current of the monitored battery is calculated using the following formula:

[0104] I end =min(I max ,k·(V max -V(t)))

[0105] Among them, I end is the terminal charging current, I max is the preset maximum charging current, k is the adjustment coefficient, V max To monitor the rated full voltage of the battery, V(t) is the real-time voltage. According to the formula, as the real-time voltage V(t) of the monitored battery approaches the rated full voltage V max , terminal charging current I end Gradually reduce it to avoid the risk of overcharging due to excessive charging current.

[0106] By min(I max ,k(V max-V(t))), which ensures that even when the voltage difference is large, the calculated I end It will not exceed the set maximum charging current I max This is to ensure charging safety and prevent the battery from being subjected to excessive current surges at low voltages. The adjustment factor k controls the rate at which the charging current decreases. When k is large, the terminal charging current decreases faster; conversely, when k is small, the current decreases more slowly. By properly setting k, an appropriate charging rate can be achieved.

[0107] The BMS applies the calculated terminal charging current to the charging circuit and controls the charging speed by adjusting the charging current. This can be achieved by using PWM (pulse width modulation) control or a constant current source module to gradually reduce the current, ensuring that the actual charging current remains consistent with the calculated terminal charging current. Control elements in the charging circuit (such as MOSFETs or IGBTs) adjust the charging path to achieve the desired terminal charging current.

[0108] During the charging process, the BMS continuously monitors the battery's real-time voltage and current and recalculates the terminal charging current at regular intervals to dynamically adjust the charging current. As the real-time voltage approaches the rated full voltage, the terminal charging current continues to decrease until the battery is fully charged and reaches the charge cut-off voltage.

[0109] S160: If the working state is determined to be the discharging state, determine whether the real-time battery power is lower than a preset second power.

[0110] Dynamic SOC correction is performed based on a pre-undervoltage strategy at the end of discharge. The battery's SOC is estimated by real-time monitoring of parameters such as battery voltage, current, and temperature. As the battery approaches the end of discharge, the SOC is dynamically corrected based on the actual battery voltage to improve the accuracy of the SOC estimation. This dynamic correction method effectively prevents undervoltage faults and overdischarge, extending the battery's service life.

[0111] The direction of the current is monitored to determine whether the battery is currently discharging. If the current is positive (i.e., current flowing from the battery to the load), the operating state is determined to be discharging. Once the discharge state is confirmed, the system enters the pre-undervoltage dynamic correction judgment process.

[0112] In one possible embodiment, if it is determined that the working state is a discharge state, then after determining whether the real-time battery power is lower than a preset second power, the method further includes: if it is determined that the real-time battery power is lower than the preset second power, and the real-time temperature is within a preset range, then determining whether the real-time voltage reaches the first-level pre-undervoltage voltage; if it is determined that the real-time voltage reaches the first-level pre-undervoltage voltage, then reducing the output power of the monitored battery to the first-level output power; if it is determined that the real-time voltage is lower than the first-level pre-undervoltage voltage and reaches the second-level pre-undervoltage voltage, and the real-time temperature is within the preset range, then reducing the output power of the monitored battery to the second-level output power, and the second-level output power is less than the first-level output power.

[0113] Specifically, the direction of the current is monitored to confirm whether the battery is in a discharging state. When the battery current is positive (current flows out of the battery), it is confirmed that the battery is in a discharging state. According to the real-time battery power of the monitored battery, the real-time battery power is compared with the preset second power (such as 10% or 20%), and at the same time, it is determined whether the real-time temperature is within the preset range. If the real-time battery power is lower than the preset second power, and the real-time temperature is within the preset range, the pre-undervoltage algorithm is executed at the end of the discharge, and the pre-undervoltage level 1 voltage and the pre-undervoltage level 2 voltage are set before the battery cell voltage drops to the dynamic correction point voltage. When the voltage is lower than the pre-undervoltage point, the discharge current is limited by reducing the power to avoid undervoltage faults caused by excessive discharge current that does not meet the dynamic correction current conditions due to the false high SOC lookup table.

[0114] Specifically, the real-time voltage of the battery is monitored and compared with the first-level pre-undervoltage voltage. If the real-time voltage reaches or falls below the first-level pre-undervoltage voltage, it indicates that the battery is approaching a low-voltage state and power limitation is required. When the battery voltage is lower than the first-level pre-undervoltage voltage, the battery's output power is reduced to the first-level output power (e.g., 80% or 50%). By controlling the current or power conversion module (such as a DC-DC converter), the battery's output current is limited to ensure that the battery power output does not exceed the first-level output power.

[0115] If the battery's real-time voltage drops further, falling below the first-level under-voltage warning voltage and reaching the second-level under-voltage warning voltage, the system determines that the battery voltage has entered a deeper discharge range and simultaneously determines whether the real-time temperature is within a preset range. The second-level under-voltage warning voltage is set below the first-level under-voltage warning voltage (for example, 2.7V or lower) to indicate that the battery's remaining charge is very low and approaching the discharge limit.

[0116] When the battery voltage falls below the secondary undervoltage threshold and the real-time temperature is within a preset range, the battery's output power is further reduced to the secondary output power (e.g., half of the primary output power, typically set at 30%-40%). This is achieved by further limiting the battery's output current or adjusting the power converter parameters to ensure that the battery's output power does not exceed the secondary output power, thereby extending the battery's safe discharge time at the end of discharge.

[0117] S170, if it is determined that the real-time battery power is lower than the preset second power, a dynamic correction of the discharge end pre-undervoltage SOC is performed based on the real-time battery power, real-time temperature, real-time voltage and real-time current, and the corrected battery power of the monitored battery is calculated.

[0118] In one possible implementation, based on the real-time battery power, real-time voltage, and real-time current, dynamic correction of the pre-undervoltage SOC at the end of discharge is performed, and the corrected battery power of the monitored battery is calculated, specifically including: determining the estimated battery power corresponding to the real-time voltage according to a pre-established voltage-temperature-SOC curve model of the monitored battery; calculating the power difference between the estimated battery power and the real-time battery power; judging whether the power difference is greater than or equal to a preset difference; if it is determined that the power difference is greater than or equal to the preset difference, dynamic correction of the pre-undervoltage SOC at the end of discharge is performed based on the real-time battery power, real-time voltage, and real-time current, and calculating the corrected battery power.

[0119] Specifically, a battery voltage-temperature-SOC curve model is established through experiments or simulations. This model maps the battery voltage at different SOCs. This model is used to estimate the battery's SOC value at a specific voltage and reflects how the voltage changes with SOC during discharge. The voltage-temperature-SOC curve typically varies with battery aging and temperature fluctuations, necessitating periodic updates or calibration of the model based on battery characteristics.

[0120] Use the "voltage-temperature-SOC curve model" to find the SOC estimate (estimated battery capacity) corresponding to the current real-time voltage and real-time temperature to obtain an SOC estimate, which is an estimated capacity value based on the real-time voltage. Calculate the difference between the estimated battery capacity and the real-time battery capacity to obtain the capacity difference, and compare it with the preset difference. The real-time estimation of the battery SOC depends on parameters such as voltage and current, but these parameters are affected by factors such as temperature, discharge rate, and battery aging. When the battery approaches the end of discharge, the voltage drops faster, and traditional methods such as the ampere-hour integration method may cause the SOC estimate to be too high at this time. The estimation error can be detected by the difference between the estimated battery capacity (SOC calculated based on the voltage-SOC model) and the real-time SOC. When the difference is greater than the preset threshold, it indicates that there is a significant deviation in the SOC estimation and correction is required.

[0121] If the power difference is less than the preset difference, no correction is required and the current SOC value is maintained. If the power difference is greater than or equal to the preset difference, the next step of dynamic correction is entered. The corrected battery power of the monitored battery is calculated using the following formula:

[0122]

[0123] Among them, SOC' is the corrected battery capacity, SOC(t k ) is the real-time battery capacity, k1 is the voltage correction coefficient, T(t) is the real-time temperature, V max To monitor the rated full charge voltage of the battery, V(t) is the real-time voltage, I(t) is the real-time current, and C is the nominal capacity of the battery.

[0124] f(T(t)) and g(T(t)) are correction coefficient functions that change with the real-time temperature T(t) and can be fitted based on the actual temperature characteristics of the battery. At low temperatures, the internal resistance of the battery increases and the voltage drops rapidly, so f(T(t)) needs to be increased to more quickly compensate for the error caused by the voltage drop. At high temperatures, the reaction within the battery intensifies, and the impact of the current may increase, so the value of g(T(t)) needs to be adjusted according to the temperature. The changes in f(T) and g(T) can be fitted using experimental data or empirical formulas, for example:

[0125] f(T(t))=k1·(1+α·(T(t)-T ref ))

[0126] g(T(t))=k2·(1+β·(T(t)-T ref ))

[0127] Among them, T ref is the reference temperature, α and β are temperature correction coefficient constants used to adjust the response to voltage and current under temperature changes.

[0128] V max -V(t) represents the difference between the current voltage and the full-charge voltage. This difference is positive when the battery voltage is below the full-charge voltage. This difference is amplified by f(T(t)) and converted into an SOC correction. This reduces the SOC accordingly when the voltage drops rapidly at the end of discharge, preventing an overestimation of the SOC. This corrects for the rapid voltage drop near the end of discharge. The current correction term compensates for the effect of high-current discharge on the SOC. When the discharge current is high, the actual SOC of the battery drops rapidly. By adjusting g(T(t)) and the nominal capacity C, the effect of the discharge current on the SOC is incorporated into the correction, making the SOC estimate more accurate. This formula combines the real-time battery charge level with voltage- and current-based corrections to more accurately reflect the battery's state at the end of discharge and avoid overestimating the SOC.

[0129] This embodiment also discloses a battery management device based on SOC dynamic correction and charging current limiting, referring to Figure 2 The device includes an acquisition module 201, a processing module 202, a judgment module 203 and a control module 204, wherein:

[0130] The acquisition module 201 is used to acquire the real-time voltage, real-time current and real-time temperature of the monitored battery.

[0131] The processing module 202 is configured to calculate the real-time battery capacity of the monitored battery according to the real-time current.

[0132] The judging module 203 is configured to judge whether the working state of the monitored battery is a charging state or a discharging state.

[0133] The judgment module 203 is configured to judge whether the real-time battery power reaches a preset first power level if the working state is determined to be the charging state.

[0134] The control module 204 is used to calculate the terminal charging current of the monitoring battery based on the real-time voltage and the real-time current if it is determined that the real-time battery power reaches the preset first power, and control the charging circuit of the monitoring battery to charge the monitoring battery with the terminal charging current.

[0135] The judgment module 203 is configured to judge whether the real-time battery power level is lower than a preset second power level if the working state is determined to be the discharging state.

[0136] The processing module 202 is used to perform dynamic correction of the discharge end pre-undervoltage SOC according to the real-time battery power, real-time temperature, real-time voltage and real-time current if it is determined that the real-time battery power is lower than the preset second power, and calculate the corrected battery power of the monitored battery.

[0137] In a possible implementation, the judgment module 203 is configured to judge whether the real-time voltage reaches a first-level pre-undervoltage voltage if it is determined that the real-time battery power is lower than a preset second power and the real-time temperature is within a preset range.

[0138] The control module 204 is configured to reduce the output power of the monitored battery to the first level output power if it is determined that the real-time voltage reaches the first level pre-undervoltage voltage.

[0139] The control module 204 is used to reduce the output power of the monitored battery to the second-level output power if it is determined that the real-time voltage is lower than the first-level pre-undervoltage voltage and reaches the second-level pre-undervoltage voltage, and the real-time temperature is within a preset range. The second-level output power is less than the first-level output power.

[0140] In a possible implementation, the acquisition module 201 is configured to acquire the real-time temperature of the monitored battery.

[0141] The judgment module 203 is used to judge whether the real-time voltage is higher than a preset safety voltage, or whether the real-time current is higher than a preset safety current, or whether the real-time temperature is higher than a preset safety temperature.

[0142] The control module 204 is configured to control the working state to a stop-discharging state or a stop-charging state if it is determined that the real-time voltage is higher than a preset safety voltage, or the real-time current is higher than a preset safety current, or the real-time temperature is higher than a preset safety temperature.

[0143] In one possible implementation, the processing module 202 is configured to calculate the terminal charging current of the monitored battery based on the real-time voltage and the real-time current, specifically using the following formula:

[0144] I end =min(I max ,k·(V max -V(t)))

[0145] Among them, I end is the terminal charging current, I max is the preset maximum charging current, k is the adjustment coefficient, V max To monitor the rated full charge voltage of the battery, V(t) is the real-time voltage.

[0146] In a possible implementation, the processing module 202 is configured to determine the estimated battery capacity corresponding to the real-time voltage according to a pre-established voltage-temperature-SOC curve model of the monitored battery.

[0147] The processing module 202 is configured to calculate the difference between the estimated battery power and the real-time battery power.

[0148] The judgment module 203 is used to judge whether the power difference is greater than or equal to a preset difference.

[0149] The processing module 202 is used to perform dynamic correction of the end-of-discharge pre-undervoltage SOC according to the real-time battery power, real-time temperature, real-time voltage and real-time current, and calculate the corrected battery power if it is determined that the power difference is greater than or equal to the preset difference.

[0150] In one possible implementation, the processing module 202 is configured to perform dynamic correction of the end-of-discharge pre-undervoltage SOC based on the real-time battery power, real-time voltage, and real-time current, and calculate the corrected battery power of the monitored battery, specifically using the following formula:

[0151]

[0152] Among them, SOC' is the corrected battery capacity, SOC(t k ) is the real-time battery capacity, k1 is the voltage correction coefficient, T(t) is the real-time temperature, V max To monitor the rated full charge voltage of the battery, V(t) is the real-time voltage, k2 is the current correction factor, I(t) is the real-time current, and C is the nominal capacity of the battery.

[0153] In a possible implementation, the acquisition module 201 is configured to acquire the battery power of the monitored battery at a previous sampling moment.

[0154] The processing module 202 is configured to calculate the real-time battery power based on the battery power of the monitored battery at the last sampling moment and the accumulated current of the monitored battery from the last sampling moment to the current moment, specifically using the following formula:

[0155]

[0156] Among them, SOC(t k ) is the real-time battery capacity, SOC(t k-1 ) is the battery capacity corresponding to the last sampling moment, C nom To monitor the rated capacity of the battery, I(t) is the real-time current of the monitored battery at time t.

[0157] It should be noted that the above embodiments provide devices that implement their functions using only the division of the above functional modules as examples. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the device and method embodiments provided in the above embodiments are based on the same concept. The specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0158] This embodiment also discloses an electronic device, referring to Figure 3 The electronic device may include: at least one processor 301 , at least one communication bus 302 , a user interface 303 , a network interface 304 , and at least one memory 305 .

[0159] The communication bus 302 is used to implement the connection and communication between these components.

[0160] The user interface 303 may include a display screen (Display) and a camera (Camera). Optionally, the user interface 303 may also include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface.

[0161] The network interface 304 may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a WI-FI interface).

[0162] The processor 301 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 301 utilizes various interfaces and lines to connect various parts of the entire server. By running or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in the memory 305, and calling data stored in the memory 305, the processor 301 performs various server functions and processes data. Optionally, the processor 301 may be implemented in at least one hardware form of a digital signal processing (DSP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a programmable logic array (PLA). The processor 301 may integrate one or a combination of a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modem. The CPU primarily processes the operating system, user interface, and application programs; the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the display; and the modem is used to handle wireless communications. It is understood that the modem may not be integrated into the processor 301 and may be implemented separately on a single chip.

[0163] The memory 305 may include random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (ROM). Optionally, the memory may include non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The memory 305 may be used to store instructions, programs, codes, code sets, or instruction sets. The memory 305 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as a touch function, a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), instructions for implementing the above-mentioned method embodiments, etc.; the data storage area may store data involved in the above-mentioned method embodiments, etc. The memory 305 may also optionally be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor 301. The memory 305, as a computer storage medium, may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface 303 module, and an application program for a battery management method based on dynamic SOC correction and charging current limiting.

[0164] exist Figure 3In the electronic device shown, the user interface 303 is mainly used to provide an input interface for the user and obtain data input by the user; and the processor 301 can be used to call an application stored in the memory 305 for a battery management method based on SOC dynamic correction and charging current limiting. When executed by one or more processors 301, the electronic device executes one or more methods in the above embodiments.

[0165] It should be noted that for the aforementioned method embodiments, for simplicity of description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that this application is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to this application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required for this application.

[0166] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0167] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic, such as the division of units, which is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some service interface, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units can be electrical or other forms.

[0168] Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0169] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0170] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable memory. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a memory 305 and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned memory 305 includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0171] The present application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, which, when executed by one or more processors 301, enable an electronic device to execute one or more of the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0172] The above is only an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure and cannot be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. That is, any equivalent changes and modifications made according to the teachings of the present disclosure are still within the scope of the present disclosure. After considering the disclosure of the specification and the truth of practice, those skilled in the art will easily think of other embodiments of the present disclosure. This application is intended to cover any variation, use or adaptive change of the present disclosure, which follows the general principles of the present disclosure and includes common knowledge or customary technical means in the art that are not recorded in the present disclosure. The description and examples are to be regarded as exemplary only, and the scope and spirit of the present disclosure are defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A battery management method based on SOC dynamic correction and charging current limiting, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain the real-time voltage, real-time current and real-time temperature of the monitored battery; Calculating the real-time battery capacity of the monitored battery according to the real-time current; Determining whether the operating state of the monitoring battery is a charging state or a discharging state; If it is determined that the working state is the charging state, determining whether the real-time battery power reaches a preset first power level; If it is determined that the real-time battery power reaches the preset first power, calculating the terminal charging current of the monitoring battery based on the real-time voltage and the real-time current, and controlling the charging circuit of the monitoring battery to charge the monitoring battery with the terminal charging current; If it is determined that the working state is the discharging state, determining whether the real-time battery power level is lower than a preset second power level; If it is determined that the real-time battery power is lower than the preset second power, performing a dynamic correction of the discharge end pre-undervoltage SOC according to the real-time battery power, the real-time temperature, the real-time voltage, and the real-time current, and calculating the corrected battery power of the monitored battery; After determining whether the real-time battery power level is lower than a preset second power level if the operating state is determined to be the discharging state, the method further includes: If it is determined that the real-time battery power is lower than the preset second power and the real-time temperature is within a preset range, determining whether the real-time voltage reaches a first-level pre-undervoltage voltage; If it is determined that the real-time voltage reaches the first-level pre-undervoltage voltage, reducing the output power of the monitored battery to the first-level output power; If it is determined that the real-time voltage is lower than the first-level pre-undervoltage voltage and reaches the second-level pre-undervoltage voltage, and the real-time temperature is within a preset range, then reducing the output power of the monitored battery to the second-level output power, where the second-level output power is less than the first-level output power; After acquiring the real-time voltage and real-time current of the monitoring battery, the method further includes: Determining whether the real-time voltage is higher than a preset safety voltage, or whether the real-time current is higher than a preset safety current, or whether the real-time temperature is higher than a preset safety temperature; If it is determined that the real-time voltage is higher than the preset safety voltage, or the real-time current is higher than the preset safety current, or the real-time temperature is higher than the preset safety temperature, the working state is controlled to stop discharging state or stop charging state.

2. The battery management method based on SOC dynamic correction and charging current limiting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The terminal charging current of the monitored battery is calculated based on the real-time voltage and the real-time current, specifically by the following formula: ； Among them, I end is the terminal charging current, I max is the preset maximum charging current, k is the adjustment coefficient, V max is the rated full charge voltage of the monitored battery, and V(t) is the real-time voltage.

3. The battery management method based on SOC dynamic correction and charging current limiting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The performing of dynamic correction of the end-of-discharge pre-undervoltage SOC according to the real-time battery power, the real-time temperature, the real-time voltage, and the real-time current to calculate the corrected battery power of the monitored battery specifically includes: Determining the estimated battery capacity corresponding to the real-time voltage based on a pre-established voltage-temperature-SOC curve model of the monitored battery; Calculating a difference between the estimated battery power and the real-time battery power; Determining whether the power difference is greater than or equal to a preset difference; If it is determined that the power difference is greater than or equal to the preset difference, a dynamic correction of the end-of-discharge pre-undervoltage SOC is performed based on the real-time battery power, the real-time temperature, the real-time voltage, and the real-time current, and the corrected battery power is calculated.

4. The battery management method based on SOC dynamic correction and charging current limiting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises performing a dynamic correction of the discharge end pre-undervoltage SOC according to the real-time battery power, the real-time temperature, the real-time voltage, and the real-time current, and calculating the corrected battery power of the monitored battery, specifically by the following formula: ； Wherein, SOC' is the corrected battery capacity, SOC(t k ) is the real-time battery power, T(t) is the real-time temperature, V max is the rated full charge voltage of the monitored battery, V(t) is the real-time voltage, I(t) is the real-time current, C is the nominal capacity of the battery, and f(T(t)) and g(T(t)) are correction coefficient functions that vary with the real-time temperature T(t).

5. The battery management method based on SOC dynamic correction and charging current limiting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculating the real-time battery power of the monitored battery according to the real-time current specifically includes: Obtaining the battery power of the monitored battery at the last sampling moment; The real-time battery power is calculated based on the battery power of the monitoring battery at the last sampling moment and the current accumulation of the monitoring battery from the last sampling moment to the current moment, specifically using the following formula: ； Among them, SOC(t k ) is the real-time battery capacity, SOC(t k-1 ) is the battery capacity corresponding to the last sampling moment, C nom is the rated capacity of the monitoring battery, and I(t) is the real-time current of the monitoring battery at time t.

6. A battery management device based on SOC dynamic correction and charging current limiting, characterized in that: The device is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and comprises an acquisition module (201), a processing module (202), a judgment module (203), and a control module (204), wherein: The acquisition module (201) is used to acquire the real-time voltage, real-time current and real-time temperature of the monitoring battery; The processing module (202) is used to calculate the real-time battery power of the monitoring battery according to the real-time current; The judging module (203) is used to judge whether the working state of the monitoring battery is a charging state or a discharging state; The judging module (203) is configured to judge whether the real-time battery power level reaches a preset first power level if the working state is determined to be the charging state; The control module (204) is configured to calculate the terminal charging current of the monitoring battery based on the real-time voltage and the real-time current if it is determined that the real-time battery power reaches the preset first power, and control the charging circuit of the monitoring battery to charge the monitoring battery with the terminal charging current; The judging module (203) is configured to judge whether the real-time battery power level is lower than a preset second power level if the working state is determined to be the discharging state; The processing module (202) is used to perform a dynamic correction of the discharge end pre-undervoltage SOC according to the real-time battery power, the real-time temperature, the real-time voltage and the real-time current if it is determined that the real-time battery power is lower than the preset second power, and calculate the corrected battery power of the monitored battery.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises a processor (301), a communication bus (302), a user interface (303), a network interface (304) and a memory (305), wherein the memory (305) is used to store instructions, the user interface (303) and the network interface (304) are both used to communicate with other devices, and the processor (301) is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory (305) so that the electronic device executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is executed.

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