Rapid tunneling drilling equipment for coal mining

Abstract

According to the rapid tunneling drilling equipment for coal mining, strong hydraulic pressure is intermittently provided for a hydraulic cavity, so that an impact rod receives the strong hydraulic pressure to move in the direction of a coal seam, a strong spring I is compressed, the impact rod rapidly impacts the coal seam, and after the hydraulic pressure is removed, the impact rod is driven by the strong spring I to be away from the coal seam; and the above steps are repeated to quickly impact and crush the coal seam. Meanwhile, when the impact rod moves to impact the coal seam, the cutter shaft and the tunneling cutter on the cutter shaft are driven to rotate, and when the impact rod is reset, the space, filled with hydraulic oil, in the movable cavity is opened, so that the toothed plate moves to be reset under the combined action of a strong spring I and a strong spring II, and the transmission teeth are driven to be reversely meshed with the tooth grooves; and the cutter shaft and the tunneling cutter are driven to rotate reversely, so that the surrounding coal seam is subjected to excavation type damage instead of single rolling damage through the reciprocating rotation of the tunneling cutter, and the tunneling speed is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coal mining, and in particular to a fast excavation drilling device for coal mining. Background Art

[0002] In the process of coal mining, tunneling equipment is needed for rapid tunneling to open up the coal mining channel or to directly use tunneling equipment to act on the coal seam for coal mining. Compared with traditional manual coal mining methods, the stable shell of the tunneling machine helps to improve coal mining safety, and the mechanical tunneling knife helps to improve coal mining efficiency.

[0003] The existing tunnel boring machine's cutter disc, when mining, the power device installed in the main machine will drive the cutter disc to rotate, and squeeze the cutter disc forward through the hydraulic device, so that the cutter disc is pressed on the tunneling surface, causing the rollers on the cutter disc to roll and crush the coal seam on the tunneling surface. The mined crushed coal will fall to the bottom of the working surface and be transported to the slag unloading chute for transportation through the bucket at the bottom.

[0004] Most of the existing cutterheads are composed of flat cutters, spherical cutters or a combination of cutters of various shapes. Regardless of the form of the cutterhead, the hydraulic device in the tunnel boring machine body is required to squeeze the cutterhead and press it against the tunneling face, so that the cutter on the cutterhead is in hard contact with the coal seam. When rolling and crushing the coal seam, the cutter is subjected to strong stress and suffers great wear. In addition, the cutterhead is subject to great resistance from the coal seam when rotating, which will affect the rotation speed of the cutterhead and the overall mining efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application proposes a rapid tunneling drilling equipment for coal mining, which has the advantages of intermittent impact on coal seams to crush and loosen them by impact, and the tunneling cutter rotates circumferentially and rotates on itself to crush the loosened coal seams by excavation. When the tunneling cutter is subjected to strong resistance during forward rotation, the impact force is reduced to improve the self-rotation tunneling ability of the tunneling cutter, and when the tunneling machine is subjected to strong resistance during reverse rotation, the impact frequency of the impact rod is increased, so as to solve the problem that the roller on the existing tunneling machine cutter head hard contacts the coal seam, resulting in rapid wear of the cutter.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: a fast excavation drilling equipment for coal mining, including a connecting shaft and a cutter disc, wherein the cutter disc is composed of two impact seats and a tool seat, and is cross-shaped, and is used to increase the unloading speed of the crushed coal and reduce the axial squeezing of the vacant coal seam; a hydraulic cavity is provided in the impact seat for intermittently providing hydraulic pressure, and uniformly distributed stepped holes are provided in the impact seat, and the stepped holes are composed of an active cavity, a pressure transmission hole connected to the hydraulic cavity, and a limit hole connected to the outside world, and a hydraulic cavity is provided in the active cavity. A sealing block is provided, and an impact rod is arranged at one end of the sealing block away from the hydraulic chamber, which is used for intermittently impacting and crushing the coal seam. A strong spring I is arranged between the sealing block and the movable chamber, which is used for driving the impact rod to reset. A recessed groove is provided at one end of the tool seat away from the connecting shaft, and evenly distributed lifting rings are arranged at the bottom of the recessed groove. A tool shaft is movably sleeved in the lifting ring, and evenly distributed fixed tool rings are arranged on the outer wall of the tool shaft. Circumferentially evenly distributed excavation knives are arranged on the outer wall of the fixed tool ring, which are used for circumferential excavation and crushing of loose coal seams.

[0007] Preferably, the diameter of the sealing block is the same as the diameter of the movable cavity, the diameter of the impact rod is the same as the diameter of the limiting hole, and a sealing rubber ring is provided on the outer wall of the sealing block and the inner wall of the limiting hole to prevent leakage of hydraulic oil.

[0008] Preferably, the cross-section of the recessed groove is semicircular, and there is a space between the tunneling knife and the groove wall of the recessed groove for discharging the coal dug out by the tunneling knife.

[0009] Preferably, a connecting hole is provided on the side of the active chamber away from the hydraulic chamber to connect with the adjacent active chamber, and two symmetrical liquid distribution chambers are provided in the tool seat. An internal connecting channel is provided in the tool seat to connect the liquid distribution chamber and the connecting hole, which is used for the flow of hydraulic oil in the active chamber and the liquid distribution chamber to transmit liquid pressure.

[0010] Preferably, two groups of symmetrical reciprocating chambers are opened at both ends of the liquid distribution chamber away from the connecting shaft, and a pressure plate is arranged in the reciprocating chamber for transmitting liquid pressure or reaction force. A tooth plate is arranged at one end of the pressure plate away from the liquid distribution chamber, and one end of the tooth plate away from the pressure plate passes through the tool seat to the recessed groove, and the tooth plate is fixedly connected with evenly distributed transmission teeth on one side of the recessed groove.

[0011] Preferably, a strong spring II is provided between the pressure plate and the end of the reciprocating chamber away from the liquid distributing chamber, for providing power for the movement and reset of the pressure plate and the tooth plate.

[0012] Preferably, symmetrical annular tooth grooves are uniformly distributed in the axial direction of the cutter shaft, and the transmission teeth are engaged with adjacent tooth grooves to drive the cutter shaft to rotate and drive the excavation cutter to excavate and crush the coal seam.

[0013] The present application provides a rapid excavation drilling equipment for coal mining, which intermittently provides strong hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic chamber, so that the impact rod receives the strong hydraulic pressure and moves toward the coal seam, and compresses the strong spring I, prompting the impact rod to quickly impact the coal seam, and after the hydraulic pressure is removed, it moves away from the coal seam driven by the strong spring I, and reciprocates in this way, thereby rapidly impacting and crushing the coal seam, so that the excavation knife can directly contact the coal seam loosened by the impact when cutting the coal seam, thereby improving the excavation efficiency, reducing the resistance of the excavation knife, and reducing the wear rate of the excavation knife.

[0014] At the same time, when the impact rod moves and impacts the coal seam, it squeezes the hydraulic oil in the active chamber into the liquid distribution chamber, squeezes the pressure plate, drives the tooth plate to move in the direction of the cutter shaft, and causes the transmission teeth on the tooth plate to engage with the tooth grooves on the cutter shaft, driving the cutter shaft and the tunneling cutter on the cutter shaft to rotate. When the impact rod is reset, the space filled with hydraulic oil in the active chamber will be opened, so that the tooth plate will move and reset under the joint action of the strong spring I and the strong spring II, causing the transmission teeth to engage with the tooth grooves in the opposite direction, driving the cutter shaft and the tunneling cutter to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby through the reciprocating rotation of the tunneling cutter, the surrounding coal seams are destroyed by excavation, rather than a single rolling destruction, thereby increasing the tunneling speed.

[0015] At the same time, when the tunneling cutter contacts a harder material and cannot rotate effectively, since the entire cutter disc is still in a continuous rotation process, the tunneling cutter will perform a more powerful extrusion-type rotation. Taking the impact rod that was originally moved and reset to drive the rotation direction of the cutter shaft as an example, at this time, the cutter shaft rotates to impact the coal seam due to the obstruction of hard materials, and the cutter shaft will reverse. Through the tooth groove meshing transmission teeth, the tooth plate and the pressure plate are driven to move away from the liquid distribution chamber, causing the hydraulic oil in the active chamber to be blocked, resulting in the effective movement distance of the impact rod toward the hydraulic chamber being reduced, and instead moving toward the coal seam again and hitting the coal seam again, thereby increasing the impact frequency at this time. When the pressure of the hydraulic oil is applied to the sealing block again, the impact rod is close to the coal seam, so the way of impacting the coal seam is changed to vibrating the coal seam. The impact mode is temporarily changed to adapt to different situations and improve the impact crushing effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments disclosed in the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles disclosed in the present application.

[0017] The present disclosure may be more clearly understood from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter head structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the impact seat of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the tool holder of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structural position of the cutter shaft and the tunneling cutter of the present invention.

[0023] Among them: 1. Connecting shaft; 2. Impact seat; 3. Tool seat; 4. Hydraulic chamber; 41. Connecting port; 5. Active chamber; 6. Pressure transmission hole; 7. Limit hole; 8. Connecting hole; 9. Impact rod; 10. Sealing block; 11. Powerful spring I; 12. Concave groove; 13. Lifting ring; 14. Liquid distribution chamber; 15. Internal connecting channel; 16. Reciprocating chamber; 17. Tooth plate; 18. Pressure plate; 19. Transmission gear; 20. Powerful spring II; 21. Tool shaft; 22. Fixed tool ring; 23. Excavation tool; 24. Tooth groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] Embodiment 1

[0026] See also Figures 1 to 3A fast excavation drilling equipment for coal mining, comprising a connecting shaft 1 and a cutter disc connected to a tunneling machine body, the tunneling machine body drives the connecting shaft 1 and the cutter disc to move forward, and the power device in the tunneling machine body drives the connecting shaft 1 and the cutter disc to rotate to complete the excavation, the connecting shaft 1 is fixedly connected to the cutter disc by bolts, the cutter disc is cross-shaped, so that there is a large empty space between the cutter discs, so that the coal crushed by the cutter disc can fall down quickly through these spaces, instead of the existing full-section cutter disc, when the crushed coal falls down, it is easy to have the problem of coal hindering each other's movement, the cutter disc is composed of two impact seats 2 and a tool seat 3, the angle between the impact seat 2 and the tool seat 3 is ninety degrees, the two impact seats 2 are symmetrical with the tool seat 3 as the center, so that the cutter disc During rotation, the impact seat 2 can impact and break the coal seam to loosen it, and the subsequent rotating follow-up tool seat 3 can excavate and break the loosened coal seam. Since the angle between the impact seat 2 and the tool seat 3 is ninety degrees, after the impact seat 2 leaves the original direct impact position, this position is in the empty space between the cutter discs, and the tool seat 3 has not arrived at this time. Then the impact force of the impact seat 2 at other positions can still be transmitted to the impact position here, so that the coal seam here is subjected to a long-term impact force in the absence of the hindrance of the cutter disc direction squeezing, and the tool seat 3 that rotates to excavate the loosened coal seam will apply a thrust in the rotation direction to the coal seam during excavation. At this time, the impact position here will also be affected by the thrust. Since the coal seam here is not conveniently squeezed by the cutter disc, the coal seam here is more likely to fall off.

[0027] See also Figures 2 to 3 A hydraulic chamber 4 is provided in the impact seat 2, and a connecting port 41 is provided on one side of the hydraulic chamber 4 to be connected with the existing hydraulic device, so that the hydraulic chamber 4 can intermittently obtain sufficient hydraulic pressure, and a uniformly distributed movable chamber 5 is provided in the impact seat 2, and mutually connected pressure transmission holes 6 are provided between the movable chamber 5 and the hydraulic chamber 4, so that when hydraulic oil is input into the hydraulic chamber 4, the hydraulic pressure can be transmitted to the movable chamber 5 through the pressure transmission holes 6, and a limiting hole 7 is provided at one end of the movable chamber 5 away from the hydraulic chamber 4 to be connected with the outside world, and a sealing block 10 is movably sleeved in the movable chamber 5, and a striking rod 9 is fixedly connected to one end of the sealing block 10 away from the hydraulic chamber 4, and the striking rod 9 is away from one end of the hydraulic chamber 4. The end of the impact rod 9 extends into the outside through the limit hole 7, and the impact rod 9 is located on the outer side of the active chamber 5 and is movably sleeved with a strong spring Ⅰ11. One end of the strong spring Ⅰ11 is fixedly connected to the end of the sealing block 10 away from the hydraulic chamber 4, and the other end is fixedly connected to the end of the active chamber 5 away from the hydraulic chamber 4. By intermittently providing strong hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic chamber 4, the impact rod 9 receives the strong hydraulic pressure and moves toward the coal seam, and compresses the strong spring Ⅰ11, prompting the impact rod 9 to quickly impact the coal seam, and after the hydraulic pressure is withdrawn, it is driven away from the coal seam by the strong spring Ⅰ11, and the coal seam is quickly impacted, crushed and loosened in this way, thereby reducing the excavation resistance of the subsequent tunneling knife 23.

[0028] The diameter of the sealing block 10 is the same as that of the movable cavity 5, the diameter of the impact rod 9 is the same as that of the limiting hole 7, and sealing rubber rings are provided on the outer wall of the sealing block 10 and the inner wall of the limiting hole 7 to prevent leakage of hydraulic oil.

[0029] See also Figures 1 to 4 A concave groove 12 with a semicircular cross-section is provided at one end of the tool seat 3 away from the connecting shaft 1, and a uniformly distributed lifting ring 13 is welded to the bottom of the concave groove 12. A cutter shaft 21 is movably sleeved in the lifting ring 13, and the position of the cutter shaft 21 is limited by the lifting ring 13. A uniformly distributed fixed cutter ring 22 is sleeved on the outer wall of the cutter shaft 21 by bolts, and a circumferentially uniformly distributed excavation knife 23 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed cutter ring 22. The excavation knife 23 is in a hook-like shape, so that when the tool seat 3 rotates axially following the connecting shaft 1, the excavation knife 23 can circumferentially squeeze the loose coal seam approaching, and perform efficient excavation excavation. There is space between the excavation knife 23 and the groove wall of the concave groove 12, which provides sufficient space for the movement of the excavation knife 23, and when the excavation knife 23 excavates the coal seam, the excavated coal can be smoothly discharged through the space between the excavation knife 23 and the groove wall of the concave groove 12.

[0030] Embodiment 2

[0031] See also Figure 4 On the basis of the first embodiment, a connecting hole 8 is provided on the side of the movable chamber 5 away from the hydraulic chamber 4 to connect with the adjacent movable chamber 5. Two symmetrical liquid distribution chambers 14 are provided in the tool seat 3. An internal connecting channel 15 is provided in the tool seat 3 to connect the liquid distribution chamber 14 with the connecting hole 8. When the sealing block 10 drives the impact rod 9 to impact the coal seam, the moving sealing block 10 will squeeze the hydraulic oil in the movable chamber 5, so that the hydraulic oil enters the liquid distribution chamber 14 through the connecting hole 8 and the internal connecting channel 15. When the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic chamber 4 is removed, the compressed strong spring I11 can push the sealing block 10 to reset, so that the sealing block 10 sucks the hydraulic oil in the liquid distribution chamber 14 back.

[0032] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 , Figures 4 to 5Two groups of symmetrical reciprocating chambers 16 are provided at both ends of the liquid distributing chamber 14 away from the connecting shaft 1. One group of reciprocating chambers 16 is composed of two symmetrical reciprocating chambers 16. A pressure plate 18 is movably sleeved in the reciprocating chamber 16. A strong spring II 20 is fixedly connected between the pressure plate 18 and one end of the reciprocating chamber 16 away from the liquid distributing chamber 14. A tooth plate 17 is fixedly connected to one end of the pressure plate 18 away from the liquid distributing chamber 14. One end of the tooth plate 17 away from the pressure plate 18 passes through the tool seat 3 to the recessed groove 12. Uniformly distributed transmission teeth 19 are fixedly connected to one side of the tooth plate 17 located in the recessed groove 12. Symmetrically distributed annular tooth grooves 24 are provided in the axial direction of the knife shaft 21. The transmission teeth 19 are meshed with adjacent tooth grooves 24. When the impact rod 9 is moving, the impact rod 9 is moved to the impact plate 18. When striking the coal seam, the hydraulic oil in the squeezed active chamber 5 is squeezed into the liquid distribution chamber 14, squeezing the pressure plate 18, driving the tooth plate 17 to move in the direction of the cutter shaft 21. At this time, the strong spring II 20 is compressed, prompting the transmission teeth 19 on the tooth plate 17 to engage the tooth grooves 24 on the cutter shaft 21, driving the cutter shaft 21 and the tunneling knife 23 on the cutter shaft 21 to rotate. When the impact rod 9 is reset, the tooth plate 17 is moved and reset under the joint action of the strong spring I 11 and the strong spring II 20, prompting the transmission teeth 19 to engage the tooth grooves 24 in the reverse direction, driving the cutter shaft 21 and the tunneling knife 23 to rotate in the reverse direction, thereby through the reciprocating rotation of the tunneling knife 23, the surrounding coal seams are excavated and destroyed, rather than a single rolling destruction, thereby improving the tunneling speed.

[0033] It should be noted that when the tunneling knife 23 contacts a harder material and cannot rotate effectively, since the entire cutterhead is still in the process of continuous rotation, the tunneling knife 23 will perform a more powerful extrusion-type rotation. When the impact rod 9 impacts the coal seam to drive the tunneling knife 23 to rotate forward, the tunneling knife 23 rotates to excavate the coal seam. Due to the obstruction of the hard material, the rotation speed may slow down. At this time, the normal impact distance and impact speed of the impact rod 9 will be affected, and the impact force on the coal seam will be reduced. However, the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic chamber 4 will be continuously transmitted to the tunneling knife 23 through the hydraulic oil in the active chamber 5, so that the tunneling knife 23 performs a decelerated rotation action, exerting a temporary stronger excavation force on the hard material, thereby completing the excavation action. The impact rod 9 is moved and reset, driving the cutter shaft 21 to reverse. At this time, the excavation cutter 23 rotates to impact the coal seam. Due to the obstruction of hard materials, the cutter shaft 21 will reverse. The tooth groove 24 engages the transmission tooth 19, driving the tooth plate 17 and the pressure plate 18 to move away from the liquid distribution chamber 14, causing the hydraulic oil in the active chamber 5 to flow back. As a result, the effective moving distance of the impact rod 9 in the direction of the hydraulic chamber 4 is reduced, and it moves toward the coal seam again and hits the coal seam again, thereby increasing the impact frequency at this time. When the pressure of the hydraulic oil is applied to the sealing block 10 again, the impact rod 9 is close to the coal seam, so that the way of impacting the coal seam is changed to vibrating the coal seam, temporarily changing the impact mode to adapt to different situations and improving the impact crushing effect.

Claims

1. A rapid excavation drilling equipment for coal mining, characterized in that: It comprises a connecting shaft (1) and a cutter disc, wherein the cutter disc is composed of two impact seats (2) and a cutter seat (3) and is in a cross shape, and is used to increase the discharge speed of the crushed coal and reduce the axial squeezing of the vacant coal seam; The impact seat (2) is provided with a hydraulic chamber (4) for intermittently providing hydraulic pressure. The impact seat (2) is provided with evenly distributed stepped holes, which are composed of an active chamber (5), a pressure transmission hole (6) connected to the hydraulic chamber (4), and a limit hole (7) connected to the outside. A sealing block (10) is provided in the active chamber (5). An impact rod (9) is provided at one end of the sealing block (10) away from the hydraulic chamber (4) for intermittently impacting and crushing the coal seam. A strong spring I (11) is provided between the sealing block (10) and the active chamber (5) for driving the impact rod (9) to reset. The end of the tool seat (3) away from the connecting shaft (1) is provided with a recessed groove (12), the bottom of the recessed groove (12) is provided with evenly distributed lifting rings (13), a tool shaft (21) is movably sleeved in the lifting ring (13), an outer wall of the tool shaft (21) is provided with evenly distributed fixed tool rings (22), and an outer wall of the fixed tool ring (22) is provided with circumferentially evenly distributed excavation knives (23) for circumferentially excavating and crushing loose coal seams.

2. The rapid excavation drilling equipment for coal mining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The diameter of the sealing block (10) is the same as the diameter of the active cavity (5), the diameter of the impact rod (9) is the same as the diameter of the limiting hole (7), and a sealing rubber ring is provided on the outer wall of the sealing block (10) and the inner wall of the limiting hole (7) to prevent leakage of hydraulic oil.

3. The rapid excavation drilling equipment for coal mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the recessed groove (12) is semicircular, and there is a space between the excavation blade (23) and the groove wall of the recessed groove (12) for discharging the coal excavated by the excavation blade (23).

4. The rapid excavation drilling equipment for coal mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting hole (8) is provided on the side of the movable chamber (5) away from the hydraulic chamber (4) to connect with the adjacent movable chamber (5); two symmetrical liquid distribution chambers (14) are provided in the tool seat (3); an internal connecting channel (15) is provided in the tool seat (3) to connect the liquid distribution chamber (14) and the connecting hole (8) to facilitate the flow of hydraulic oil in the movable chamber (5) and the liquid distribution chamber (14) to transmit hydraulic pressure.

5. The rapid excavation drilling equipment for coal mining according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two ends of the liquid distribution chamber (14) away from the connecting shaft (1) are provided with two groups of symmetrical reciprocating chambers (16), and a pressure plate (18) is arranged in the reciprocating chamber (16) for transmitting liquid pressure or reaction force. A tooth plate (17) is arranged at one end of the pressure plate (18) away from the liquid distribution chamber (14), and one end of the tooth plate (17) away from the pressure plate (18) passes through the tool seat (3) to the recessed groove (12), and the tooth plate (17) is fixedly connected with uniformly distributed transmission teeth (19) on one side of the recessed groove (12).

6. The rapid excavation drilling equipment for coal mining according to claim 5, characterized in that: A strong spring II (20) is provided between the pressure plate (18) and the end of the reciprocating chamber (16) away from the liquid dispensing chamber (14), and is used to provide power for the movement and reset of the pressure plate (18) and the tooth plate (17).

7. The rapid excavation drilling equipment for coal mining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cutter shaft (21) is provided with symmetrical annular tooth grooves (24) evenly distributed in the axial direction, and the transmission teeth (19) are meshed with adjacent tooth grooves (24) to drive the cutter shaft (21) to rotate and drive the excavation cutter (23) to excavate and crush the coal seam.

Images