A rapid tunneling drilling device for coal mining

Abstract

The present application discloses a rapid excavation drilling device for coal mining. By intermittently supplying strong hydraulic pressure to a hydraulic chamber, a striker receives the strong hydraulic pressure and moves toward the coal seam, compressing a strong spring I, prompting the striker to rapidly strike the coal seam. After the hydraulic pressure is removed, the striker moves away from the coal seam driven by the strong spring I, and in this reciprocating manner, rapidly impacts and crushes the coal seam. Simultaneously, as the striker moves and strikes the coal seam, it drives the cutter shaft and the excavation cutter on the cutter shaft to rotate. When the striker resets, it opens a space filled with hydraulic oil within the movable chamber, causing the tooth plate to move and reset under the combined action of the strong springs I and II, prompting the transmission teeth to reversely engage the tooth grooves, driving the cutter shaft and the excavation cutter to rotate in the opposite direction. Thus, through the reciprocating rotation of the excavation cutter, the surrounding coal seam is excavated, rather than simply subjected to rolling damage, thereby increasing the excavation speed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a rapid tunneling drilling device for coal mining. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of coal mining, a tunneling device is needed for rapid tunneling to open up the coal mining channel or directly mine coal by the tunneling device acting on the coal seam. Compared with the traditional manual coal mining method, the stable shell of the tunneling machine helps to improve the safety of coal mining, and the mechanical tunneling cutter helps to improve the efficiency of coal mining.

[0003] The cutter head of the existing tunneling machine is rotated by the power device arranged in the main machine during mining, and the cutter head is extruded forward by the hydraulic device, so that the cutter head is pressed on the tunneling face, so that the rolling cutter on the cutter head rolls and crushes the coal seam of the tunneling face. The broken coal mined falls to the bottom of the working face and is transferred to the slag discharge chute by the bottom bucket.

[0004] Most of the existing cutter heads are flat cutters, spherical cutters or cutters combined in various shapes. Regardless of the form of the cutter, the hydraulic device in the main machine of the tunneling machine needs to extrude the cutter head to press on the tunneling face, so that the cutter on the cutter head hard contacts the coal seam. When rolling and crushing the coal seam, the stress borne by the cutter is strong, the wear of the cutter is large, and the resistance of the coal seam to the rotation of the cutter head is large, which will affect the rotation speed of the cutter head and the overall mining efficiency. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a rapid tunneling drilling device for coal mining, which has the advantages of intermittent impact on the coal seam for impact breaking and loosening, circumferential rotation and self-rotation of the tunneling cutter for excavating and breaking the loosened coal seam, and reducing the impact force to improve the self-rotation tunneling ability of the tunneling cutter when the tunneling cutter is subjected to strong resistance, and improving the impact frequency of the impact rod when the tunneling machine is reversed to bear strong resistance, so as to solve the problem of fast wear of the cutter caused by hard contact of the rolling cutter on the cutter head of the existing tunneling machine with the coal seam.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the application adopts the following technical scheme: a rapid tunneling drilling device for coal mining, comprising a connecting shaft and a cutter head, the cutter head is composed of two impact seats and a cutter seat, in a cross shape, for improving the unloading speed of broken coal and reducing the axial extrusion on the idle surface coal seam; a hydraulic cavity is formed in the impact seat for intermittently providing hydraulic pressure, a uniformly distributed stepped hole is formed in the impact seat, the stepped hole is composed of a movable cavity, a pressure transmission hole connected with the hydraulic cavity and a limiting hole connected with the outside, a sealing block is arranged in the movable cavity, an impact rod is arranged at the end of the sealing block away from the hydraulic cavity for intermittently impacting and breaking the coal seam, a strong spring I is arranged between the sealing block and the movable cavity for driving the impact rod to reset; a recessed groove is formed at the end of the cutter seat away from the connecting shaft, a plurality of evenly distributed lifting eyes are arranged on the groove bottom of the recessed groove, a cutter shaft is movably sleeved in the lifting eyes, a plurality of evenly distributed fixed cutter rings are arranged on the outer side wall of the cutter shaft, a plurality of circumferentially distributed tunneling cutters are arranged on the outer side wall of the fixed cutter ring for circumferentially excavating and breaking the loose coal seam.

[0007] Preferably, the diameter of the sealing block is the same as that of the movable cavity, the diameter of the impact rod is the same as that of the limiting hole, and a sealing rubber ring is arranged on the outer side wall of the sealing block and the inner side wall of the limiting hole to prevent leakage of hydraulic oil.

[0008] Preferably, the cross section of the recessed groove is semicircular, and there is a space between the tunneling cutter and the groove wall of the recessed groove for discharging the coal excavated by the tunneling cutter.

[0009] Preferably, a communication hole is formed at the side of the movable cavity away from the hydraulic cavity to connect with the adjacent movable cavity, two symmetrical liquid distribution cavities are formed in the cutter seat, and an internal communication channel is formed in the cutter seat to connect the liquid distribution cavities and the communication hole, for the flow of hydraulic oil in the movable cavities and the liquid distribution cavities to transmit hydraulic pressure.

[0010] Preferably, two groups of symmetrical reciprocating cavities are formed at the two ends of the liquid distribution cavity away from the connecting shaft, a pressure bearing plate is arranged in the reciprocating cavity for transmitting hydraulic pressure or reaction force, a tooth plate is arranged at the end of the pressure bearing plate away from the liquid distribution cavity, the tooth plate penetrates through the cutter seat to the recessed groove, and a plurality of evenly distributed transmission teeth are fixedly connected to one side of the tooth plate in the recessed groove.

[0011] Preferably, a strong spring II is arranged between the pressure bearing plate and the end of the reciprocating cavity away from the liquid distribution cavity to provide power for the movement reset of the pressure bearing plate and the tooth plate.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of symmetrical annularly distributed gear grooves are formed in the axial direction of the cutter shaft, the transmission teeth are engaged with the adjacent gear grooves, for driving the cutter shaft to rotate and driving the tunneling cutter to excavate and break the coal seam.

[0013] The application provides a rapid tunneling drilling device for coal mining. The device provides strong hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic cavity intermittently, so that the impact rod moves in the direction of the coal seam under the action of the strong hydraulic pressure and compresses the strong spring I, so that the impact rod rapidly impacts the coal seam and moves away from the coal seam under the action of the strong spring I after the hydraulic pressure is removed. The impact rod reciprocates to rapidly impact and break the coal seam, so that the tunneling cutter directly contacts the loose coal seam when cutting the coal seam, the tunneling efficiency is improved, the resistance received by the tunneling cutter is reduced, and the wear speed of the tunneling cutter is reduced.

[0014] Meanwhile, when the impact rod moves to impact the coal seam, the hydraulic oil in the movable cavity is extruded into the liquid distribution cavity to extrude the pressure bearing plate and drive the tooth plate to move in the direction of the cutter shaft, so that the transmission teeth on the tooth plate mesh with the tooth grooves on the cutter shaft to drive the cutter shaft and the tunneling cutter to rotate. When the impact rod is reset, the space in the movable cavity containing the hydraulic oil is opened, so that the tooth plate moves and resets under the joint action of the strong spring I and the strong spring II, the transmission teeth mesh reversely with the tooth grooves, the cutter shaft and the tunneling cutter are reversely rotated, and the surrounding coal seam is damaged by reciprocating rotation of the tunneling cutter instead of single rolling damage, so that the tunneling speed is improved.

[0015] Meanwhile, when the tunneling cutter contacts harder materials and cannot effectively rotate, the tunneling cutter will be extruded more strongly to rotate, the rotating direction of the cutter shaft is taken as an example, the cutter shaft reversely rotates due to the obstruction of the hard materials, the tooth plate and the pressure bearing plate move away from the liquid distribution cavity through the meshing of the tooth grooves and the transmission teeth, the hydraulic oil in the movable cavity is blocked from flowing back, the effective moving distance of the impact rod in the direction of the hydraulic cavity is reduced, the impact rod moves to the coal seam again to impact the coal seam again, the impact frequency is improved, and when the pressure of the hydraulic oil is applied on the sealing block again, the impact rod is close to the coal seam, the way of impacting the coal seam is changed to vibrating the coal seam, the impact and breaking effect is improved by temporarily changing the impact way to adapt to different situations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0017] The present disclosure can be understood more clearly with reference to the following detailed description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic view of the cutter head structure of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 The internal structure diagram of the impact seat of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 The internal structure diagram of the cutter seat of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 The structure position diagram of the cutter shaft and the digging cutter of the present application.

[0023] Wherein: 1, connecting shaft; 2, impact seat; 3, cutter seat; 4, hydraulic cavity; 41, communication port; 5, movable cavity; 6, pressure transmission hole; 7, limiting hole; 8, communication hole; 9, impact rod; 10, sealing block; 11, strong spring I; 12, recessed groove; 13, lifting ring; 14, liquid distribution cavity; 15, inner communication passage; 16, reciprocating cavity; 17, tooth plate; 18, pressure bearing plate; 19, transmission tooth; 20, strong spring II; 21, cutter shaft; 22, fixed cutter ring; 23, digging cutter; 24, tooth groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] Embodiment one

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3The utility model provides a kind of quick tunneling drilling equipment of coal mining, including connecting shaft 1 of connecting tunneling machine main body and cutterhead, and connecting shaft 1 and cutterhead are driven to advance movement by tunneling machine main body, and connecting shaft 1 and cutterhead are driven to rotate by power device in tunneling machine main body, complete tunneling, connecting shaft 1 is fixedly connected by bolt with cutterhead, cutterhead is cross-shaped, so that there is larger empty space between cutterhead, so that the coal broken by cutterhead can quickly fall downwards through these spaces, instead of like existing full-face cutterhead, broken coal is easy to appear mutual obstruction problem when falling downwards, cutterhead is composed of two impact seats 2 and a cutter seat 3, the included angle between impact seat 2 and cutter seat 3 is ninety degrees, two impact seats 2 are symmetrical with cutter seat 3 as center, so that impact seat 2 can impact and break loose coal seam when cutterhead rotates, and cutter seat 3 can excavate and break loose loosened coal seam, since the included angle between impact seat 2 and cutter seat 3 is ninety degrees, after impact seat 2 leaves original direct impact position, this position is at the empty space between cutterhead, at this time, cutter seat 3 has not arrived, then impact seat 2 still can transmit impact force at other position to this impact position, so that coal seam at this position is subjected to long-time impact force without the extrusion of cutterhead, and cutter seat 3 excavates and loosens coal seam, and applies pushing force in rotating direction to coal seam when excavating, at this time, this impact position is also affected by pushing force, since coal seam at this position is not extruded by cutterhead, so that coal seam at this position is more prone to fall off.

[0027] Refer to Figures 2 to 3 Hydraulic cavity 4 is provided in impact seat 2, and communication port 41 is provided on one side of hydraulic cavity 4 to connect with existing hydraulic device, so that sufficient hydraulic pressure can be intermittently obtained in hydraulic cavity 4, uniformly distributed movable cavity 5 is provided in impact seat 2, and pressure transmission hole 6 is provided between movable cavity 5 and hydraulic cavity 4 to communicate with each other, so that when hydraulic oil is input into hydraulic cavity 4, hydraulic pressure can be transmitted into movable cavity 5 through pressure transmission hole 6, limiting hole 7 is provided on the end of movable cavity 5 away from hydraulic cavity 4 to communicate with the outside, sealing block 10 is movably sleeved in movable cavity 5, impact rod 9 is fixedly connected to the end of sealing block 10 away from hydraulic cavity 4, impact rod 9 penetrates into the outside through limiting hole 7, strong spring I 11 is movably sleeved to the outside of impact rod 9 in movable cavity 5, one end of strong spring I 11 is fixedly connected to the end of sealing block 10 away from hydraulic cavity 4, and the other end is fixedly connected to the end of movable cavity 5 away from hydraulic cavity 4, strong hydraulic pressure is intermittently provided to hydraulic cavity 4, so that impact rod 9 moves to the direction of coal seam under the action of strong hydraulic pressure, and strong spring I 11 is compressed, so as to make impact rod 9 quickly impact coal seam, and move away from coal seam under the action of strong spring I 11 after hydraulic pressure is removed, so as to reciprocate to quickly impact, break and loosen coal seam, and reduce the excavation resistance of subsequent tunneling cutter 23.

[0028] The diameter of the sealing block 10 is the same as that of the movable cavity 5, the diameter of the impact rod 9 is the same as that of the limiting hole 7, and sealing rubber rings are arranged on the outer side wall of the sealing block 10 and the inner side wall of the limiting hole 7, so as to avoid leakage of hydraulic oil.

[0029] Referring to Figures 1 to 4 , the cutter seat 3 is provided with a concave groove 12 with a semicircular cross section at an end away from the connecting shaft 1, the groove bottom of the concave groove 12 is welded with uniformly distributed lifting rings 13, the lifting rings 13 are movably sleeved with cutter shafts 21, the positions of the cutter shafts 21 are limited through the lifting rings 13, the outer side wall of the cutter shaft 21 is fixedly sleeved with uniformly distributed fixed cutter rings 22 through bolts, the outer side wall of the fixed cutter ring 22 is fixedly connected with circumferentially uniformly distributed digging cutters 23, the digging cutters 23 are in a hook-like shape, so that when the cutter seat 3 follows the connecting shaft 1 to rotate axially, the digging cutters 23 can press the adjacent loose coal bed in a circumferential direction to efficiently dig and excavate, and there is a space between the digging cutters 23 and the groove wall of the concave groove 12 to provide sufficient space for the movement of the digging cutters 23, and when the digging cutters 23 dig the coal bed, the excavated coal can be smoothly discharged through the space between the digging cutters 23 and the groove wall of the concave groove 12.

[0030] Example two

[0031] Please refer to Figure 4 , on the basis of example one, the movable cavity 5 is provided with a communication hole 8 communicating with the adjacent movable cavity 5 away from the hydraulic cavity 4, the cutter seat 3 is provided with two symmetric liquid distribution cavities 14, and the cutter seat 3 is provided with an inner communication channel 15 connecting the liquid distribution cavities 14 and the communication hole 8, when the sealing block 10 drives the impact rod 9 to impact the coal bed, the moving sealing block 10 will extrude the hydraulic oil in the movable cavity 5, so that the hydraulic oil enters the liquid distribution cavity 14 through the communication hole 8 and the inner communication channel 15, when the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cavity 4 is removed, the compressed strong spring I 11 can push the sealing block 10 to reset, so that the sealing block 10 can suck the hydraulic oil in the liquid distribution cavity 14 back.

[0032] Referring to Figures 1 to 2 , Figures 4 to 5The two ends of the liquid distribution cavity 14 away from the connecting shaft 1 are provided with two groups of symmetrical reciprocating cavities 16, one group of reciprocating cavities 16 is composed of two symmetrical reciprocating cavities 16, a pressure plate 18 is movably sleeved in the reciprocating cavity 16, a strong spring II 20 is fixedly connected between the pressure plate 18 and the end of the reciprocating cavity 16 away from the liquid distribution cavity 14, a toothed plate 17 is fixedly connected to the end of the pressure plate 18 away from the liquid distribution cavity 14, the end of the toothed plate 17 away from the pressure plate 18 penetrates through the cutter holder 3 to the recessed groove 12, the toothed plate 17 is fixedly connected with evenly distributed transmission teeth 19 on one side in the recessed groove 12, the axial direction of the cutter shaft 21 is provided with symmetrical annular evenly distributed tooth grooves 24, the transmission teeth 19 are engaged with the adjacent tooth grooves 24, when the impact rod 9 moves and impacts the coal seam, the hydraulic oil in the movable cavity 5 is squeezed into the liquid distribution cavity 14, the pressure plate 18 is squeezed, the toothed plate 17 is driven to move in the direction of the cutter shaft 21, at this time the strong spring II 20 is compressed, the transmission teeth 19 on the toothed plate 17 are engaged with the tooth grooves 24 on the cutter shaft 21, the cutter shaft 21 and the tunneling cutter 23 on the cutter shaft 21 are driven to rotate, when the impact rod 9 resets, the toothed plate 17 moves and resets under the joint action of the strong spring I 11 and the strong spring II 20, the transmission teeth 19 are reversely engaged with the tooth grooves 24, the cutter shaft 21 and the tunneling cutter 23 are reversely rotated, so that the surrounding coal seam is excavated and damaged, rather than single rolling damage, the excavation speed is improved.

[0033] It should be noted that when the tunneling cutter 23 contacts harder material and cannot effectively rotate, since the whole cutter head is still in the process of continuous rotation, the tunneling cutter 23 will be squeezed and rotated more strongly, when the impact rod 9 impacts the coal seam and drives the tunneling cutter 23 to rotate forward, the rotation of the tunneling cutter 23 excavating the coal seam will slow down due to the obstruction of hard material, at this time the normal impact distance and impact speed of the impact rod 9 will be affected, the impact force on the coal seam will be reduced, but the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cavity 4 will be continuously transmitted to the tunneling cutter 23 through the hydraulic oil in the movable cavity 5, so that the tunneling cutter 23 rotates at a reduced speed, temporarily exerts stronger excavation force on the hard material, and thus completes the excavation action, when the originally moving reset impact rod 9 drives the cutter shaft 21 to reverse, at this time the tunneling cutter 23 rotates and impacts the coal seam due to the obstruction of hard material, the cutter shaft 21 will reverse, the toothed plate 17 and the pressure plate 18 are driven to move away from the liquid distribution cavity 14 through the engagement of the tooth grooves 24 and the transmission teeth 19, the hydraulic oil in the movable cavity 5 is blocked from flowing back, the effective moving distance of the impact rod 9 to the hydraulic cavity 4 is reduced, the impact rod 9 moves again to the coal seam and impacts the coal seam again, the impact frequency at this time is improved, when the pressure of the hydraulic oil is applied to the sealing block 10 again, the impact rod 9 is close to the coal seam, the way of impacting the coal seam is changed to vibrating the coal seam, the impact mode is temporarily changed to adapt to different situations, and the impact crushing effect is improved.

Claims

1. A rapid excavation drilling equipment for coal mining, characterized in that: It comprises a connecting shaft (1) and a cutter disc, wherein the cutter disc is composed of two impact seats (2) and a cutter seat (3), and is cross-shaped and used to increase the discharge speed of crushed coal and reduce the axial squeezing of the vacant coal seam; A hydraulic chamber (4) is provided in the impact seat (2) for intermittently providing hydraulic pressure. A uniformly distributed stepped hole is provided in the impact seat (2). The stepped hole consists of a movable chamber (5), a pressure transmission hole (6) connected to the hydraulic chamber (4), and a limit hole (7) connected to the outside. A sealing block (10) is provided in the movable chamber (5). An impact rod (9) is provided at one end of the sealing block (10) away from the hydraulic chamber (4) for intermittently impacting and crushing the coal seam. A strong spring I (11) is provided between the sealing block (10) and the movable chamber (5) for driving the impact rod (9) to reset. The tool seat (3) is provided with a recessed groove (12) at one end away from the connecting shaft (1), and the bottom of the recessed groove (12) is provided with evenly distributed lifting rings (13), a cutter shaft (21) is movably sleeved in the lifting ring (13), and evenly distributed fixed cutter rings (22) are provided on the outer wall of the cutter shaft (21), and circumferentially evenly distributed excavation knives (23) are provided on the outer wall of the fixed cutter ring (22) for circumferentially excavating and crushing the loose coal seam; The diameter of the sealing block (10) is the same as the diameter of the movable cavity (5), the diameter of the impact rod (9) is the same as the diameter of the limiting hole (7), and a sealing rubber ring is provided on the outer wall of the sealing block (10) and the inner wall of the limiting hole (7) to prevent leakage of hydraulic oil; A connecting hole (8) is provided on a side of the movable chamber (5) away from the hydraulic chamber (4) to communicate with the adjacent movable chamber (5); two symmetrical liquid distribution chambers (14) are provided in the tool holder (3); an internal connecting channel (15) is provided in the tool holder (3) to connect the liquid distribution chamber (14) and the connecting hole (8) to facilitate the flow of hydraulic oil in the movable chamber (5) and the liquid distribution chamber (14) to transmit hydraulic pressure; Two sets of symmetrical reciprocating chambers (16) are provided at both ends of the liquid distribution chamber (14) away from the connecting shaft (1), and a pressure plate (18) is provided in the reciprocating chamber (16) for transmitting liquid pressure or reaction force. A tooth plate (17) is provided at one end of the pressure plate (18) away from the liquid distribution chamber (14), and the end of the tooth plate (17) away from the pressure plate (18) passes through the tool seat (3) to the recessed groove (12), and the tooth plate (17) is fixedly connected to a side of the recessed groove (12) with uniformly distributed transmission teeth (19); a strong spring II (20) is provided between the pressure plate (18) and the end of the reciprocating chamber (16) away from the liquid distribution chamber (14) for providing power for the movement and reset of the pressure plate (18) and the tooth plate (17).

2. The rapid excavation drilling equipment for coal mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the recessed groove (12) is semicircular, and there is a space between the excavation blade (23) and the groove wall of the recessed groove (12) for discharging the coal excavated by the excavation blade (23).

3. The rapid excavation drilling equipment for coal mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: Symmetrical, annular, and evenly distributed tooth grooves (24) are provided in the axial direction of the cutter shaft (21), and the transmission teeth (19) are engaged with adjacent tooth grooves (24) to drive the cutter shaft (21) to rotate and drive the excavation cutter (23) to excavate and crush the coal seam.

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