Coal mine roadway turning and adjusting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal mine roadway turning and adjusting method, which relates to the field of coal mining, and comprises the following steps: at a turning point of a roadway to be excavated, retreating an integrated excavator to a specified position, and adjusting a cutting head of the integrated excavator to be close to the left side; the support of the right side of the roadway at the turning point is relieved, the right side is cut and brushed in an expanding mode through a fully-mechanized coal winning machine, and the width of the roadway is gradually brushed to 4.4 m in an expanding mode; the roadway is further expanded and brushed according to the curvature radius of 6 m until the maximum width is 11.5 m, and meanwhile, the position of the left side is inwards adjusted to 4.0 m through multiple times of cutting and trimming. According to the method, the construction process of the turning section is optimized through the steps of cutting and expanding brushing of the roadheader at the turning point of the roadway in combination with multiple times of retreating and position adjustment, and the roadway tunneling efficiency can be remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of coal mining, in particular to a coal mine lane turning and adjusting method. Background Art

[0002] The construction of underground tunnels in coal mines is one of the core links in coal mine production. In the construction of tunnel bends, due to the complex geological conditions, there are usually problems such as broken roof, multiple faults, and loose rock mass, which puts extremely high demands on tunnel expansion and equipment operation. In the construction of the bend section, the multi-purpose excavator is the main construction equipment. Its running track and cutting ability are limited by the shape of the tunnel and the equipment itself, and it is often unable to directly complete the cutting and expansion of the bend section.

[0003] In the prior art, during the process of multiple retreats and repeated position adjustments of the tunnel boring machine, due to inaccurate operation and delayed support, it is easy to cause inadequate support in the turning section of the tunnel, irregular tunnel shape, and even construction accidents. In addition, the cross-section of the turning section of the tunnel needs to be gradually expanded to the designed width, but in the existing process, the control of the expansion range lacks systematicity, especially in multiple cutting and trimming operations, which is prone to insufficient or excessive expansion, affecting the overall stability of the tunnel and equipment operation.

[0004] At the same time, the curvature radius and cross-section design of the turning section of the tunnel directly affect the running track of the tunnel boring machine and the efficiency of the tunnel. In the process of expanding the turning section, the existing technology often ignores the specific requirements of the curvature design for the adjustment of the left and right sides, resulting in the tunnel shape being unable to fully meet the equipment operation and construction safety requirements. In addition, the lack of clear planning for the adjustment of the left side of the turning section often requires a lot of additional finishing work, which increases construction time and cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention proposes a coal mine tunnel turning and adjusting method, which optimizes the construction process of the turning section through the cutting and expanding steps of the comprehensive excavator at the turning point of the tunnel, combined with multiple machine withdrawals and position adjustments, and can significantly improve the tunnel excavation efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a coal mine lane turning and adjusting method, comprising the following steps: 1. At the turning point of the planned tunnel, move the tunnel boring machine back to the designated position and adjust the cutting head of the tunnel boring machine close to the left side; 2. Remove the support of the right side of the tunnel at the turning point, use a multi-purpose excavator to cut and expand the right side, and gradually expand the tunnel width to 4.4 meters; 3. Further expand the tunnel with a curvature radius of 6 meters to a maximum width of 11.5 meters. At the same time, adjust the left side position inward by 4.0 meters through multiple cutting and trimming.

[0007] Preferably, in step 2, support is carried out while cutting and expanding the right bank, the cutting depth does not exceed 0.8 meters each time, and the expansion and support operations are completed alternately.

[0008] Preferably, the support adopts an anchor net, and the anchor rods of the anchor net are arranged at a spacing of 1.0 meter.

[0009] Preferably, a supporting anchor truss is arranged on the top plate every 2.4 meters of excavation.

[0010] Preferably, the spacing of the supporting anchor cable trusses does not exceed 1.5 meters, and hydraulic single-body struts and articulated top beams are arranged in areas where the tunnel cross-section increases for reinforced support.

[0011] Preferably, the hydraulic single-body support is arranged at a spacing of 1.0 m, with a total of 17 support pillars arranged, and articulated top beams are used to support large-section areas of the tunnel.

[0012] Preferably, in step three, after the brush is expanded to a width of 11.5 meters, the tail of the conveyor is set at 7.0 meters from the turning point, and the gangue is transported by a chute.

[0013] Preferably, the tunnel height at the junction of the tail of the conveyor belt in the excavated tunnel and the unloading joint of the conveyor belt in the tunnel to be excavated is not less than 3.6 meters, and the height of the monorail hanging beam from the bottom plate is not less than 3.0 meters. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention adopts a vertical 90° turn to adjust the lane, which realizes fast, safe and reliable construction, promotes safe and efficient production in mines, and at the same time has low cost, high utilization rate, adaptability and universality.

[0014] The present invention optimizes the construction process of the turning section by combining the cutting and expanding steps of the comprehensive excavator at the turning point of the tunnel with multiple machine withdrawals and position adjustments, and can significantly improve the tunnel excavation efficiency.

[0015] The present invention realizes synchronous operation in the expansion and support operations, by limiting the cutting depth to no more than 0.8 meters each time and arranging support facilities such as anchor nets, anchor trusses, hydraulic struts, etc. in key areas, thereby greatly reducing the risk of instability of the tunnel roof and side parts, and ensuring the safety of the construction process.

[0016] By precisely controlling the tunnel expansion width (4.4 meters to 11.5 meters) and curvature radius (6 meters), as well as multiple adjustments and trimmings of the left side, this method can maintain the stability of the tunnel shape when there are many faults, broken roofs, and complex geological conditions.

[0017] By expanding the brush to the designed width in steps and adjusting the left side position inward by 4.0 meters, the cross-section of the turning section of the tunnel can be more in line with the design requirements, reducing unnecessary expansion and improving space utilization.

[0018] After the tunnel expansion is completed, the gangue transportation process is optimized and the energy consumption and downtime during material handling are reduced by arranging the conveyor tail and chute conveying system and ensuring that the tunnel height at the joint of the conveying equipment meets the requirements.

[0019] This method is suitable for various coal mine underground tunnel turning construction, especially in scenarios with complex geological conditions and large-section construction requirements, and has wide applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the coal mine lane turning and adjusting lane according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical", "up", "down", "horizontal", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] refer to Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a method for turning and adjusting coal mine tunnels. Specifically, at the turning point of the planned tunnel, since the excavator cannot directly cut and the expansion is affected by the cutting head of the excavator, it is necessary to retreat the excavator to a position 7.0 meters away from the turning point, and adjust the cutting head of the excavator to be close to the left wall to ensure that the cutting head can perform cutting operations to the maximum extent. Subsequently, the support of the right wall of the tunnel is released, and the excavator is used to cut and expand the right wall. The cutting depth does not exceed 0.8 meters each time, and the front area after cutting is supported. After the expansion is completed, the machine is retreated again, and the right wall continues to be expanded and brushed, and additional support is provided for the slight expansion in the early stage. After the expansion is brushed to 4.4 meters wide, the top plate of the tunnel is supported, and the tunnel is ready for turning.

[0025] After the right side was expanded to 4.4 meters wide, the tunnel was further expanded with a curvature radius of 6 meters, and the maximum width of the tunnel was expanded to 11.5 meters. At the same time, the left side position was adjusted inward by 4.0 meters through multiple cutting and trimming operations, so that the cross-section of the tunnel in the turning section met the design requirements. During the expansion process, in order to ensure the smooth forward and backward operation of the multi-purpose excavator, the tail of the conveyor was set at 7.0 meters from the turning point. In the early stage, the multi-purpose excavator was used to discharge the gangue by itself. When the width of the tunnel reached 4.4 meters, a simple 150-ton chute was installed and inclined overlap was performed. After the expansion was completed, the tunnel height at the unloading overlap of the tail of the conveyor belt of the excavated tunnel and the conveyor belt of the tunnel to be excavated was maintained at no less than 3.6 meters, and the height of the monorail hanging beam from the bottom plate was no less than 3.0 meters (no less than 2.2 meters from the upper edge of the tail).

[0026] The support of the turning point is supported by anchor nets. The anchor rods of the anchor nets are arranged at a spacing of 1.0 meters. A reinforced support anchor cable truss is arranged on the top plate every 2.4 meters of excavation, and the spacing of the anchor cable truss does not exceed 1.5 meters. In the area where the tunnel section increases, hydraulic single pillars are arranged with a spacing of 1.0 meters. A total of 17 pillars are arranged, and the large section area is reinforced with articulated top beams.

[0027] According to the actual operation of the tunnel boring machine in the turning section of the tunnel, the inside of the turning point of the excavated tunnel and the planned tunnel is expanded and brushed, and the expansion section is appropriately reduced. When the expansion is 4.4 meters wide, the tunnel boring machine has entered half of the turning tunnel. According to actual needs, unnecessary expansion operations are reduced and the position of the tunnel boring machine is adjusted to optimize the tunnel shape and complete the turning section construction.

[0028] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for turning and adjusting lanes in coal mine lanes, characterized in that: The following steps are involved:

1. At the turning point of the planned tunnel, move the tunnel boring machine back to the designated position and adjust the cutting head of the tunnel boring machine close to the left side; 2. Remove the support of the right side of the tunnel at the turning point, use a multi-purpose excavator to cut and expand the right side, and gradually expand the tunnel width to 4.4 meters; 3. Further expand the tunnel with a curvature radius of 6 meters to a maximum width of 11.5 meters. At the same time, adjust the left side position inward by 4.0 meters through multiple cutting and trimming.

2. The coal mine tunnel turning and adjusting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step two, support is provided while cutting and expanding the right bank. The cutting depth does not exceed 0.8 meters each time, and the expansion and support operations are completed alternately.

3. The coal mine tunnel turning and adjusting method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support adopts anchor net, and the anchor rod arrangement spacing of the anchor net is 1.0 meter.

4. The coal mine lane turning and adjusting method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Support anchor trusses are arranged on the top plate every 2.4 meters of excavation.

5. The coal mine lane turning and adjusting method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spacing of the supporting anchor trusses shall not exceed 1.5 meters, and hydraulic single-body pillars and articulated top beams shall be arranged in areas where the tunnel cross-section increases for reinforced support.

6. The coal mine lane turning and adjusting method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydraulic single pillars are arranged at a spacing of 1.0 meters, with a total of 17 pillars, and are combined with articulated top beams to support large cross-section areas of the tunnel.

7. The coal mine tunnel turning and adjusting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, after the width of the conveyor is expanded to 11.5 meters, the tail of the conveyor is set at 7.0 meters from the turning point, and the gangue is transported by a chute.

8. The coal mine lane turning and adjusting method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tunnel height at the joint between the tail of the conveyor belt of the excavated tunnel and the unloading joint of the conveyor belt of the planned tunnel shall not be less than 3.6 meters, and the height of the monorail hanging beam from the bottom plate shall not be less than 3.0 meters.

Images