A collision multi-puff four-leaf clover combustion system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a collision multi-volute four-leaf clover type combustion system, comprising a piston component and an injection component. The piston component has a top surface with a combustion chamber formed thereon. The combustion chamber comprises a main combustion chamber coaxially arranged with the top surface and a plurality of arc-shaped combustion chambers circumferentially arranged around the main combustion chamber and connected to the main combustion chamber. The inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber is provided with an oil separation protrusion to guide the fuel injected into the arc-shaped combustion chamber to disperse and convolute in the vertical direction. The inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber is also provided with a boss, which is located above the oil separation protrusion to guide the convoluted flow of the fuel. The injection component is provided with a plurality of pairs of injection holes for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber. The present invention fully utilizes the space in the combustion chamber to fully mix the fuel with the air in the combustion chamber, avoids excessively concentrated combustion of the fuel, and improves the high-temperature, oxygen-poor combustion of the fuel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, in particular to a collision multi-swirling four-leaf clover type combustion system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of automobile technology, higher requirements are placed on engine performance and emissions. Combustion system design is the key to improving fuel consumption and bare engine emissions. The combustion chamber pits of National VI diesel engines are mostly traditional constricted or straight-mouthed rotary structures. Ultra-high injection pressure and combustion chamber structure matching are used to promote oil-gas mixing. Cold EGR technology is mostly used. Exhaust gas is introduced into the intake air and into the cylinder according to the required amount through the EGR pipeline, thereby effectively controlling NOx bare engine emissions. The intake duct is a straight duct with relatively small swirl. The combustion chamber pits are traditional constricted or straight-mouthed rotary structures. Ultra-high injection pressure and combustion chamber structure matching are used to promote oil-gas mixing, thereby achieving efficient and clean combustion, improving fuel economy and particulate emissions. The use of straight ducts and ultra-high pressure injection can effectively promote mixing and improve the diesel engine combustion process. However, ultra-high pressure injection will increase the driving power consumption of the oil pump, thereby affecting the thermal efficiency of the engine.

[0003] In order to improve the combustion process in the cylinder, some researchers have tried to use non-rotating structures to improve the oil-gas mixing, such as the application No. 202210638635.9, which discloses a diesel engine combustion chamber and a diesel engine. The diesel engine combustion chamber includes a lip, which is opened at the opening of the combustion chamber along the circumference of the combustion chamber; a first boss, which is protruding from the bottom of the combustion chamber; a second boss, which is protruding from the bottom of the combustion chamber and spaced apart from the first boss, with the first boss and the second boss connected by a circular arc transition; a pit, which is opened on the bottom surface of the combustion chamber along the circumference of the first boss and the circumference of the second boss; and a ridge, which is provided at the connection between the second boss and the pit. The combustion chamber is a non-rotating structure obtained by scanning two different surfaces. Surface A is a traditional step structure, with the center boss being the first boss, and surface B is provided with a second boss at the bottom of the combustion chamber to achieve rewinding fuel diversion and accelerate combustion.

[0004] However, this approach only improves axial fuel mixing and distribution, not radial mixing. Furthermore, the fuel, after impacting the throat to form a vortex, is guided by the bottom recess to the second boss. Its kinetic energy is significantly reduced, and the majority of the mixture moves diagonally toward the upper portion of the combustion chamber, along the second ridge, making it difficult to be drawn into the combustion chamber. Fuel tends to accumulate near the recess, resulting in high particulate emissions. While this approach improves axial fuel mixing and distribution, it fails to improve radial mixing and distribution, and results in high particulate emissions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical deficiencies and propose a collision multi-volute four-leaf clover type combustion system to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the radial mixing of oil and gas cannot be improved.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a collision multi-puff four-leaf clover type combustion system, comprising:

[0008] A piston component having a top surface with a combustion chamber defined thereon, the combustion chamber comprising a main combustion chamber coaxially arranged with the top surface and a plurality of arc-shaped combustion chambers circumferentially arranged around the main combustion chamber and communicating with the main combustion chamber, an oil separation protrusion being provided on an inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber to guide the fuel injected into the arc-shaped combustion chamber to disperse and convolute in a vertical direction, and a boss being further provided on the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber, the boss being located above the oil separation protrusion to guide the convolute flow of the fuel; and

[0009] The fuel injection component is provided with a plurality of pairs of fuel injection holes for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber.

[0010] In some embodiments, the bottom inner wall of the main combustion chamber is provided with a central protrusion arranged around the central axis, and a central annular portion circumferentially recessed around the central protrusion. The central annular portion smoothly transitions with the oil separation protrusion so that the cross-section of the main combustion chamber along the central axis is ω-shaped.

[0011] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber is arc-shaped, and the inner diameter of the arc-shaped combustion chamber gradually decreases in a direction away from the main combustion chamber, so that the arc-shaped combustion chamber forms a leaf shape.

[0012] In some embodiments, the diameter of the arc-shaped combustion chamber gradually decreases in the vertical direction to form a necking structure.

[0013] In some embodiments, four arc-shaped combustion chambers are opened on the top surface, and the four arc-shaped combustion chambers are connected to the main combustion chamber to form a four-leaf clover shape.

[0014] In some embodiments, the oil-separating protrusion is arranged on the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber and protrudes toward the main combustion chamber, transitioning in an arc shape with the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber, so that a first recess located below the oil-separating protrusion and a second recess located above the oil-separating protrusion are formed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber.

[0015] In some embodiments, the oil separation protrusion is bent into an arc shape along the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber.

[0016] In some embodiments, the boss is bent into an arc shape along the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber.

[0017] In some embodiments, the oil spray component includes a main body and a spray head, the spray head is fixed on the bottom of the main body, and a plurality of pairs of oil spray holes are formed on the spray head.

[0018] In some embodiments, each pair of the oil injection holes is symmetrical about the radial axis of the main body, and is used to inject two oil beams that intersect with each other and have an acute angle therebetween.

[0019] Compared to the prior art, the present invention provides a collision multi-swirling four-leaf clover-shaped combustion system comprising a piston assembly and a fuel injection assembly. The piston assembly has a top surface with a plurality of combustion chambers defined thereon. The combustion chambers include a main combustion chamber coaxially arranged with the top surface and a plurality of arc-shaped combustion chambers circumferentially arranged and connected to the main combustion chamber. The inner walls of the arc-shaped combustion chambers are provided with oil-separating protrusions to guide the vertical dispersion and convolution of fuel injected into the arc-shaped combustion chambers. The inner walls of the arc-shaped combustion chambers are also provided with bosses located above the oil-separating protrusions to guide the convolution of fuel. The fuel injection assembly is provided with a plurality of pairs of fuel injection holes for injecting fuel into the combustion chambers. Each pair of fuel injection holes injects two intersecting fuel beams at an acute angle. When the piston moves near top dead center, fuel is injected into the combustion chambers through the fuel injection assembly in the form of fuel beams and vaporizes to form fuel vapor. The fuel vapor then first contacts the oil-separating protrusion, where it is split into two streams. One stream is reflected downward by the oil-separating protrusion 1 and flows into the main combustion chamber. The other stream is reflected upward by the oil-separating protrusion before colliding with the boss, forming a convoluted oil stream that flows further upward, guiding the fuel to further disperse and convolute. This prevents the fuel from concentrating in the main combustion chamber or the arc-shaped combustion chamber, fully utilizing the space within the combustion chamber to allow the fuel to fully mix with the air within the combustion chamber, preventing excessive fuel combustion and improving high-temperature, oxygen-poor combustion. Furthermore, the oil streams ejected from each pair of injection holes converge, causing the oil streams to collide and disperse into an oil mist, further dispersing the fuel and mixing it with the air, improving high-temperature, oxygen-poor combustion.

[0020] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it according to the contents of the description, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific implementation methods of the present invention are given in detail by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of the collision multi-puff four-leaf clover type combustion system provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the top view of the piston component:

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the piston component:

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fuel injection components.

[0025] Description of reference numerals:

[0026] 1-piston component, 11-top surface, 12-combustion chamber, 121-main combustion chamber, 121a-center convex portion, 121b-center annular portion, 122-arc-shaped combustion chamber, 122a-first concave portion, 122b-second concave portion, 123-oil separation protrusion, 124-boss, 2-injection component, 21-main body, 22-nozzle, 23-injection hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] Most current internal combustion engine systems use a depression formed on the top surface of the piston base as the main space for fuel combustion. The depression formed on the top surface is the combustion chamber. The fuel beam sprayed from the hole-type fuel injector of the internal combustion engine enters the depression of the combustion chamber and performs a compression stroke as the piston moves upward. The fuel is gradually vaporized and mixed with the air in the depression to form a mixture. Finally, the combustion and expansion of the fuel push the piston downward to perform work.

[0029] From the working process of the above-mentioned internal combustion engine, it can be seen that after the fuel enters the combustion chamber pit, it is only fully mixed with the air inside the combustion chamber pit, and is not thoroughly mixed with the air outside the combustion chamber pit, especially with the air outside the combustion chamber pit and above the top surface. This aggravates the situation where the fuel is concentrated in local combustion, causing high temperature and oxygen deficiency during diesel combustion, and then producing a large amount of carbon soot particles and NOx.

[0030] Based on this, see Figure 1-4; The present invention provides a collision multi-vortex four-leaf clover type combustion system, comprising: a piston component 1 and an injection component 2, the piston component 1 having a top surface 11, a combustion chamber 12 being opened on the top surface 11, the combustion chamber 12 comprising a main combustion chamber 121 coaxially arranged with the top surface 11 and a plurality of arc-shaped combustion chambers 122 circumferentially arranged around the main combustion chamber 121 and connected to the main combustion chamber 121, an oil separation protrusion 123 is provided on the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122 to guide the fuel injected into the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122 to disperse and convolute in the vertical direction, a boss 124 is also provided on the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122, the boss 124 is located above the oil separation protrusion 123, and is used to guide the convoluted flow of the fuel, a plurality of pairs of injection holes 23 for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber 12 are opened on the injection component 2, and each pair of the injection holes 23 injects two oil beams that intersect with each other and have an acute angle.

[0031] Specifically, when the piston moves near top dead center, fuel is injected into the combustion chamber 12 through the fuel injection component 2 in the form of an oil beam, where it vaporizes and forms fuel vapor. The fuel vapor then first contacts the oil separation protrusion 123, where it is split into two parts. One part is reflected downward by the oil separation protrusion 123 and flows into the main combustion chamber 121. The other part is reflected upward by the oil separation protrusion 123 and then collides with the boss 124, forming a convoluted oil beam directed toward the main combustion chamber 121, thereby preventing the fuel from escaping the combustion chamber 12. This prevents the fuel from concentrating in the main combustion chamber 121 or the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122, nor does it escape from the combustion chamber into narrow areas. This fully utilizes the space within the combustion chamber 12, allowing the fuel to fully mix with the air within the combustion chamber 12, preventing excessively concentrated combustion of the fuel and improving high-temperature, oxygen-poor combustion of the fuel. In addition, the oil beams injected from each pair of the oil injection holes 233 will intersect, causing the oil beams to collide with each other and disperse to form oil mist, so that the fuel can be further dispersed and mixed with the air, thereby improving the high-temperature and oxygen-poor combustion of the fuel.

[0032] Furthermore, the bottom inner wall of the main combustion chamber 121 is provided with a central protrusion 121a arranged around the central axis, and a central annular portion 121b recessed circumferentially around the central protrusion 121a. The central annular portion 121b smoothly transitions into the oil-separating protrusion 123, giving the main combustion chamber 121 a ω-like cross-section along the central axis. In other words, the bottom of the main combustion chamber 121 is not flat, which appropriately interferes with the vortex flow of fuel vapor within the main combustion chamber 121, thereby reducing the mixture suitable for NOx production. This design aims to, on the one hand, eliminate dead angles at the junction of components, preventing oil mist from remaining, and, on the other hand, the undulating structure allows the oil mist to collide with each other, allowing for sufficient contact and mixing with the air.

[0033] Furthermore, the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122 is curved, and its inner diameter gradually decreases as it moves away from the main combustion chamber 121, forming a leaf-like shape. This allows the radial flow of the oil stream through the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122 to be divided into two streams, which then flow convolutively along the left and right side walls of the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122. This effectively promotes radial oil-air mixing in the combustion chamber without eddy currents, improving the radial mixing quality. This design aims to, on the one hand, eliminate dead corners within the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122, preventing residual oil mist, and, on the other hand, the gradually converging arc-shaped combustion chamber 122 allows the oil mist to collide with each other, allowing for sufficient contact and mixing with the air.

[0034] Furthermore, the diameter of the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122 gradually decreases vertically, forming a tapered structure. This prevents fuel from escaping the combustion chamber and entering the narrow area, reducing particulate emissions while also preventing fuel from entering the engine oil and causing oil dilution. Furthermore, the tapered structure of the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122 further improves oil-air mixing within the combustion chamber. This design is intended to reduce oil mist splashing out of the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122.

[0035] In this embodiment, four arc-shaped combustion chambers 122 are opened on the top surface 11 , and the four arc-shaped combustion chambers 122 are connected to the main combustion chamber 121 to form a four-leaf clover shape.

[0036] Furthermore, the oil-separating protrusion 123 is arranged on the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122 and protrudes toward the main combustion chamber 121, and transitions to the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122 in an arc shape, so that a first recess 122a located below the oil-separating protrusion 123 and a second recess 122b located above the oil-separating protrusion 123 are formed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122, and the oil beam performs vortex motion in the first recess 122a and the second recess 122b and is fully mixed with the air.

[0037] Furthermore, the oil separation protrusion 123 is bent into an arc shape along the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122. The purpose of this design is to converge the oil beams reflected by the oil separation protrusion 123, make them collide and disperse with each other, and further fully mix with the internal air.

[0038] Furthermore, a bevel is used to transition between the oil separation protrusion 123 and the opening of the combustion chamber 12. The bevel can guide the oil mist so that the oil mist can quickly move along the bevel toward the opening of the combustion chamber 12.

[0039] Furthermore, the boss 124 is arranged on the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122 and is located above the oil separation protrusion 123, and transitions to the second recess 121b in an arc shape. The boss 124 protrudes relative to the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122 to guide the oil beam to move in a vortex flow for full mixing with the air.

[0040] Furthermore, the boss 124 is bent into an arc shape along the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122. The purpose of this design is to converge the oil mist reflected by the boss 124, make it collide and disperse with each other, and further fully mix with the internal air.

[0041] Specifically, the fuel injection component 2 includes a main body 21 and a nozzle 22. The nozzle 22 is fixed to the bottom of the main body 21. The nozzle 22 is provided with a plurality of pairs of fuel injection holes 23. Fuel is injected into the combustion chamber through the fuel injection holes 23.

[0042] Furthermore, the bottom of the main body 21 forms a conical surface that matches the inclined surface.

[0043] Furthermore, each pair of the oil injection holes 23 is symmetrical about the radial axis of the main body 21 .

[0044] In this embodiment, four pairs of the oil injection holes 23 are formed on the nozzle head 22 , and each pair of the oil injection holes 23 corresponds to the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122 one by one.

[0045] During use, when the piston moves to near the top dead center, the fuel is sprayed from the nozzle 22 into the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122 and vaporized to form fuel vapor. The fuel vapor contacts the oil separation protrusion 123, disperses and flows in a convolution in the vertical direction, a part of it flows to the bottom of the main combustion chamber 121 and flows back into the main combustion chamber 121, and the other part flows to the boss 124. The inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122 converges the oil beams reflected by the oil separation protrusion 123, so that they collide and disperse with each other, and further fully mix with the air inside. After the fuel vapor flowing toward the boss 124 collides with the boss 124, it is further dispersed and reflected, guiding the fuel vapor to further disperse and flow in a convolution. The fuel vapor is dispersed in the entire space within the combustion chamber 12, so that the fuel is fully mixed with the air in the combustion chamber, avoiding excessively concentrated combustion of the fuel, and improving the high-temperature and oxygen-poor combustion of the fuel; in addition, in the horizontal direction, the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122 is arc-shaped, and the fuel vapor injected into the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122 can be dispersed in the horizontal direction when it hits the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122, and under the guidance of the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber 122, it flows back to the main combustion chamber 121, realizing the dispersion of the fuel vapor in the horizontal direction, so that it is fully mixed with the air in the horizontal direction, avoiding excessively concentrated combustion of the fuel, and can further improve the high-temperature and oxygen-poor combustion of the fuel.

[0046] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The collision multi-swirling four-leaf clover-shaped combustion system provided by the present invention includes a piston component and an injection component. The piston component has a top surface with a plurality of combustion chambers defined thereon. The combustion chambers include a main combustion chamber coaxially arranged with the top surface and a plurality of arc-shaped combustion chambers circumferentially arranged around the main combustion chamber and connected to the main combustion chamber. The inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber is provided with an oil separation protrusion to guide the fuel injected into the arc-shaped combustion chamber to disperse and convolute in the vertical direction. The inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber is also provided with a boss located above the oil separation protrusion to guide the convoluted flow of the fuel. The injection component is provided with a plurality of pairs of injection holes for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber. Each pair of injection holes injects two intersecting oil beams at an acute angle. When the piston moves to near the top dead center, the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber in the form of an oil beam through the injection component and vaporized to form fuel vapor. The fuel vapor then first contacts the oil-separating protrusion, where it is split into two streams. One stream is reflected downward by the oil-separating protrusion and flows into the main combustion chamber, while the other stream is reflected upward by the oil-separating protrusion before colliding with the boss, forming a further upward convoluted oil stream, guiding the fuel to further disperse and convolute. This prevents the fuel from concentrating in the main combustion chamber or the arc-shaped combustion chamber, fully utilizing the space within the combustion chamber to allow the fuel to fully mix with the air within the combustion chamber, preventing excessively concentrated combustion and improving high-temperature, oxygen-poor combustion. Furthermore, the oil streams ejected from each pair of injection holes converge, causing the oil streams to collide with each other and form an oil mist, further dispersing the fuel and mixing it with the air, improving high-temperature, oxygen-poor combustion.

[0047] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A collision multi-puff four-leaf clover type combustion system, characterized in that: It includes: A piston component having a top surface with a combustion chamber defined thereon, the combustion chamber comprising a main combustion chamber coaxially arranged with the top surface and a plurality of arc-shaped combustion chambers circumferentially arranged around the main combustion chamber and communicating with the main combustion chamber, an oil separation protrusion being provided on an inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber to guide the fuel injected into the arc-shaped combustion chamber to disperse and convolute in a vertical direction, and a boss being further provided on the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber, the boss being located above the oil separation protrusion to guide the convolute flow of the fuel; and The fuel injection component is provided with a plurality of pairs of fuel injection holes for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber.

2. The collision multi-puff four-leaf clover type combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom inner wall of the main combustion chamber is provided with a central convex portion arranged around the central axis, and a central annular portion circumferentially recessed around the central convex portion. The central annular portion smoothly transitions with the oil separation protrusion, so that the cross-section of the main combustion chamber along the central axis is ω-shaped.

3. The collision multi-puff four-leaf clover type combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber is arc-shaped, and the inner diameter of the arc-shaped combustion chamber gradually decreases in a direction away from the main combustion chamber, so that the arc-shaped combustion chamber forms a leaf shape.

4. The collision multi-puff four-leaf clover type combustion system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the arc-shaped combustion chamber gradually decreases along the vertical direction to form a necking structure.

5. The collision multi-plummet four-leaf clover type combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four arc-shaped combustion chambers are opened on the top surface, and the four arc-shaped combustion chambers are connected to the main combustion chamber to form a four-leaf clover shape.

6. The collision multi-plummet four-leaf clover type combustion system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The oil separation protrusion is arranged on the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber and protrudes toward the main combustion chamber, transitioning in an arc shape with the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber, so that a first recess located below the oil separation protrusion and a second recess located above the oil separation protrusion are formed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber.

7. The collision multi-puff four-leaf clover type combustion system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The oil separation protrusion is bent into an arc shape along the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber.

8. The collision multi-plummet four-leaf clover type combustion system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The boss is bent into an arc shape along the inner wall of the arc-shaped combustion chamber.

9. The collision multi-plume four-leaf clover type combustion system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The oil spray component includes a main body and a spray head. The spray head is fixed on the bottom of the main body. A plurality of pairs of oil spray holes are formed on the spray head.

10. The collision multi-plummet four-leaf clover type combustion system according to claim 9, characterized in that: Each pair of the oil injection holes is symmetrical about the radial axis of the main body, and is used for injecting two oil beams that intersect with each other and have an acute angle.

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