Pulse arc spectrum component measurement device and method based on adjustable sliding window

Abstract

The present invention provides a pulse arc spectrum component measurement device and method based on an adjustable sliding window, which relates to the technical field of pulse arc spectrum analysis. The device mainly includes a pulse arc oscillation generation circuit, a spectrometer and a trigger control system; the pulse arc oscillation generation circuit includes a pulse energy circuit, an arc ignition circuit, an absorption protection circuit, a pulse spectrum emission source and a timing control system. This scheme can realize the single-cycle accurate capture and measurement of the pulse arc; the opening time and window length of the sliding window can be flexibly adjusted; the strong current side of the pulse arc can be effectively isolated from the weak current side of the spectrum control and collection, and the host computer system and the spectrometer can be effectively insulated and protected; error correction can be performed to effectively eliminate the influence of the background light source and the noise current of the working circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pulse arc spectrum analysis, and in particular to a pulse arc spectrum component measurement device and method based on an adjustable sliding window. Background Art

[0002] Pulse arc is a transient arc with high energy, high density and high temperature. It is generated by the periodic fluctuation of arc current under certain power supply conditions. Pulse arc is widely used in electronics, manufacturing, aerospace, shipbuilding, biomedicine and other fields: pulse arc welding technology can weld metal materials of different materials, thicknesses and shapes, greatly improving welding efficiency and quality; pulse arc processing technology can be used to manufacture laser and plasma generators; pulse arc ablation technology can instantly ablate biological lesion tissues such as tumors. Therefore, the analysis of the microscopic components of pulse arc is of great significance for the study and precise control of pulse arc characteristics.

[0003] Among the existing analysis methods, the microscopic particle component diagnosis technology based on spectral component analysis is a fast, convenient and non-disturbance analysis method. However, this method can only measure the spectrum of continuously occurring pulse arcs, and cannot accurately measure the pulse arcs at any stage within the pulse cycle. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a pulse arc spectrum component measurement device and method based on an adjustable sliding window to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] In the first aspect, in order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a pulse arc spectrum component measurement device based on an adjustable sliding window, including a pulse arc oscillation generation circuit, a spectrometer and a trigger control system;

[0006] The pulse arc oscillation generating circuit includes a pulse energy circuit, an arc ignition circuit, an absorption protection circuit, a pulse spectrum emission source and a timing control system;

[0007] The pulse energy circuit, the arc starting circuit, the absorption protection circuit and the pulse spectrum emission source are arranged in parallel;

[0008] The pulse energy circuit is used to generate oscillating discharge and specifically includes a bidirectional triode thyristor ,inductance ,capacitance and resistance The bidirectional triode thyristor , used to control the conduction of the pulse energy circuit, its T1 pole is connected to the inductor one end of the inductor; The other end of the capacitor is connected The positive electrode of the capacitor Negative connection resistance one end of the resistor The other end is grounded;

[0009] The arc-starting circuit is used to generate a direct current (small current) to keep the medium between the positive and negative electrodes of the pulse spectrum emission source in a conducting state before the pulse current is input, specifically including a reverse blocking triode thyristor , Current limiting resistor , electrolytic capacitor and power diodes The reverse blocking triode thyristor The positive terminal is connected to the current limiting resistor one end of the current limiting resistor The other end of the electrolytic capacitor is connected The positive electrode and power diode The negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor The cathode of the power diode The positive pole of the thyristor is grounded; this can block the triode thyristor in the reverse direction. When turned on, the electrolytic capacitor Through the current limiting resistor Discharge, so that current flows through the positive and negative electrodes of the pulse spectrum emission source, and through the power diode For electrolytic capacitors To protect;

[0010] The absorption protection circuit is used to prevent the positive and negative electrodes of the pulse spectrum emission source from being broken down, thereby avoiding the emission of unplanned spectrum, and to provide voltage protection for each device in the circuit, including resistors. ,capacitance Varistor The resistance With the capacitor Connected in series to adjust the recovery voltage rise rate after the pulse current passes zero The capacitor Keep away from the resistor One end of the varistor is grounded; , used to limit the amplitude of the recovery voltage, one end of which is connected to the resistor Keep away from the capacitor One end of the varistor The other end is grounded;

[0011] The bidirectional triode thyristor The T2 pole, the reverse blocking triode thyristor The negative electrode and the resistor Keep away from the capacitor One end of the two electrodes is connected to the positive electrode of the pulse spectrum emission source; the grounding end of the electromagnetic action mechanism in the pulse spectrum emission source is grounded;

[0012] The timing control system is used to control the timing, specifically comprising a first signal terminal, a second signal terminal and a third signal terminal: the first signal terminal is connected to the bidirectional triode thyristor The second signal terminal is connected to the reverse blocking triode thyristor The third signal end is connected to the signal end of the electromagnetic action mechanism in the pulse spectrum emission source;

[0013] The selection switch input end of the trigger control system is connected to the bidirectional triode thyristor The control pole is used to receive the trigger signal; the output end of the isolation trigger circuit of the trigger control system is connected to the external trigger channel input end of the spectrometer, so as to output the trigger signal to the spectrometer; the first interactive end of the level conversion circuit in the trigger control system is connected to the data interactive end of the spectrometer, so as to realize the data interaction with the spectrometer; the second interactive end of the level conversion circuit in the trigger control system is connected to the data interactive end of the serial port circuit in the host computer system, so as to realize the data interaction with the host computer;

[0014] The spectrum sampling channel of the spectrometer collects the pulse arc spectrum generated by the pulse spectrum emission source through an optical fiber;

[0015] Through the above device, the window width of the adjustable sliding window can be set according to needs, and the spectral components of the pulse arc can be measured in segments, thereby achieving accurate measurement of the pulse arc at any stage within the pulse cycle.

[0016] In a feasible implementation, the pulse arc spectrum component measuring device also includes an oscilloscope; the oscilloscope is electrically connected to the host computer system, and includes a probe and a Rogowski coil: the positive end of the probe is connected to the positive electrode of the pulse spectrum emission source, and the negative end of the probe is connected to the ground end of the pulse arc oscillation generation circuit, for measuring the pulse voltage; the Rogowski coil is sleeved on the cable of the branch where the pulse spectrum emission source is located, for measuring the pulse current;

[0017] The host computer system is used to set the window width of the adjustable sliding window, display spectrum data and calculate pulse energy.

[0018] In a feasible implementation manner, the specific parameter calculation formula for the oscillating discharge in the pulse energy circuit includes:

[0019] Voltage relationship:

[0020] ;

[0021] ;

[0022] in, Indicates capacitance Voltage value; Represents resistance Voltage value; Inductance Voltage value; L 1 represents inductance The inductance value; Indicates time;

[0023] Oscillation discharge condition formula:

[0024] ;

[0025] Oscillation current Calculation formula:

[0026] ;

[0027] in, Indicates capacitance Pre-charge voltage; Represents the angular frequency of the second-order oscillation circuit. The specific calculation formula is:

[0028] ;

[0029] in, Represents the time constant, and the specific calculation formula is:

[0030] ;

[0031] in, Represents resistance The resistance value;

[0032] Pulse frequency The calculation formula is:

[0033] ;

[0034] Thus, by adjusting the inductance and capacitor , the pulse frequency can be adjusted purpose.

[0035] In a feasible embodiment, the pulse energy It can assist in spectral analysis. The specific calculation formula is:

[0036] ;

[0037] in, Represents the pulse current, measured by the Rogowski coil of the oscilloscope; Represents the pulse voltage, measured by the oscilloscope probe.

[0038] In a feasible implementation manner, the integration time range of the spectrometer is 10-65535 ms; the working mode is set to external trigger mode, that is, falling edge trigger; and both communication and triggering use LVTTL level.

[0039] In a feasible implementation manner, the specific circuit of the trigger control system includes: a high-speed isolation optocoupler P1, a high-speed isolation optocoupler P2, a toggle switch S1, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a comparator U1 and a toggle switch S2 circuit;

[0040] In the toggle switch S1: the 1a end receives the bidirectional triode thyristor The strong positive trigger signal from the control electrode ; 1b end receives bidirectional triode thyristor The strong negative trigger signal from the control electrode ; 2a terminal outputs an immediate positive trigger signal ; 2b terminal outputs an immediate negative trigger signal ; 3a terminal outputs delayed positive trigger signal ; 3b terminal outputs delayed negative trigger signal ;

[0041] The high-speed isolation optical coupler P1 is used to isolate the trigger signal on the strong current side and convert it into a delayed trigger signal on the weak current side, and then transmit it backward, thereby protecting the lower-level spectrometer and the host computer system. The specific connection method is: the positive input end is connected to the 3a end, the negative input end is connected to the 3b end, the positive output end (collector) is connected to the output end of the DIP switch S2 circuit, and the negative output end is connected to one end of the resistor R5; the negative output end is also connected to one end of the capacitor C3 and the resistor R3 in parallel, and the other end of the capacitor C3 and the resistor R3 in parallel is grounded;

[0042] The other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the negative input pin of the comparator U1; the positive input pin of the comparator U1 is connected to one end of the resistor R6; the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC; the positive input pin of the comparator U1 is also connected to one end of the resistor R4 and the capacitor C4 in parallel, and the other end of the resistor R4 and the capacitor C4 in parallel is grounded for filtering; the power supply pin of the comparator U1 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC; the ground pin of the comparator U1 is grounded; the output pin of the comparator U1 is connected to the outgoing port , used to send an external trigger signal to the spectrometer One end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output pin of the comparator U1, and the other end is connected to the positive input pin of the comparator U1, forming an anti-shake circuit based on the positive feedback principle. In this way, when the charging voltage of the capacitor C3 is higher than the voltage of the capacitor C4, the positive input pin of the comparator U1 is grounded, so that the difference between the positive and negative ends of the comparator U1 increases immediately, thereby preventing the output oscillation of the comparator U1 caused by the jitter of the voltage rising curve of the capacitor C3;

[0043] The dip switch S2 circuit, comprising a number of switches and corresponding access resistor RB, for controlling the resistance of the resistor in series with the capacitor C3 through the dip switch; the input terminal of the dip switch S2 circuit is connected to the supply voltage VCC;

[0044] In this way, under the strong electric trigger signal Before the arrival of the strong electric trigger signal, the output end of the high-speed isolation optocoupler P1 is in a high impedance state, the voltage of the capacitor C3 is 0V, which is lower than the voltage of the capacitor C4, and the output of the comparator U1 is in a high impedance state. Therefore, the spectrometer has a built-in pull-up resistor and presents a high level. After it arrives, the high-speed isolation optocoupler P1 is selected through the toggle switch S1, and the capacitor C3 is connected to the toggle switch S2 circuit, so that the capacitor C3 starts to charge; when the charging voltage of the capacitor C3 is higher than that of the capacitor C4, the output pin of the comparator U1 is grounded, and the spectrometer starts spectral sampling only after the external trigger channel input end of the spectrometer receives the falling edge;

[0045] The high-speed isolation optical coupler P2 is used to isolate the trigger signal on the strong current side and convert it into an immediate trigger signal on the weak current side, and then transmit it backward, thereby protecting the lower-level spectrometer and the host computer system. The specific connection method is: the positive input end is connected to the 2a end, the negative input end is connected to the 2b end, and the positive output end (collector) is connected to the outgoing port , used to send an external trigger signal to the spectrometer ; The negative output terminal is grounded;

[0046] In this way, under the strong electric trigger signal Before the strong current trigger signal arrives, the output end of the high-speed isolation optocoupler P2 is in a high-impedance state, so the spectrometer has a built-in pull-up resistor and presents a high level; After it arrives, the toggle switch S1 is selected to the high-speed isolation optocoupler P2, which transmits the external trigger signal When the external trigger channel input of the spectrometer is set to a low level, the spectrometer immediately starts spectral sampling after receiving a falling edge.

[0047] In a feasible implementation manner, the positive terminal voltage of the comparator U1 is The calculation formula is:

[0048] ;

[0049] in, Indicates 5V supply voltage; Indicates the resistance value of resistor R4; Represents the resistance value of resistor R6; when the voltage of capacitor C3 exceeds When (the charging voltage of capacitor C3 is higher than that of capacitor C4), the output pin of comparator U1 is grounded.

[0050] In a feasible implementation manner, the serial port circuit of the host computer system is a CH340 serial port module, which is used to convert the LVTTL level of the spectrometer into the USB level of the host computer system.

[0051] In the second aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a pulse arc spectrum component measurement method using the above device, including a delayed trigger measurement method, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0052] Step a1, the host computer system inputs the working mode (external trigger mode) and window width of the spectrometer into the spectrometer through the level conversion circuit of the trigger control system; then receives the check code fed back by the spectrometer and determines whether the check code is correct: if so, execute step a2; if not, pause this step and issue an alarm message;

[0053] Step a2: In the trigger control system, select the delayed trigger channel by toggle switch S1; set the delay time by toggle switch S2;

[0054] Step a3: connect the electrolytic capacitor of the pulse arc oscillation circuit Charge to the first preset voltage, the capacitor The voltage is set to 0V; the timing control system of the pulse arc oscillation generating circuit is started to collect the spectrum, and the spectrometer converts the optical signal into the first spectrum data analog quantity, which is transmitted to the host computer system through the level conversion circuit of the trigger control system for error correction;

[0055] Step a4: connect the electrolytic capacitor of the pulse arc oscillation circuit Charge to the first preset voltage, the capacitor The voltage is set to a second preset voltage; the timing control system of the pulse arc oscillation generating circuit is started to collect the spectrum; the spectrometer converts the optical signal into a second spectrum data analog quantity, and transmits it to the host computer system through the level conversion circuit of the trigger control system;

[0056] Step a5: The host computer system subtracts the first spectral data analog value from the second spectral data analog value to obtain the spectral component measurement result of the pulse arc.

[0057] In a feasible implementation manner, the specific process of spectrum acquisition includes:

[0058] Step b1: Reverse blocking triode thyristor in pulse energy circuit Trigger direct current (small current) to enter between the positive and negative electrodes of the pulse spectrum emission source; the electromagnetic action mechanism is activated to pull the positive and negative electrodes apart to a preset distance, and the gap between the positive and negative electrodes maintains a conductive state;

[0059] Step b2: Bidirectional triode thyristor in pulse energy circuit Triggering, a pulse current (large current) enters between the positive and negative electrodes of the pulse spectrum emission source; the pulse current is a half-wave sine cycle;

[0060] Step b3: Strong electric trigger signal Input to the trigger control system, and when the delay time is reached, the spectrometer is triggered to collect spectra according to the preset integration time length; in this way, according to the segmented measurement requirements of the pulse arc spectrum, the window width of the sliding window can be accurately controlled by setting the delay time, so as to collect the required segmented spectrum data.

[0061] In a feasible implementation manner, the pulse arc spectrum component measurement method further includes an immediate triggering measurement method, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0062] Step c1, the host computer system inputs the working mode (external trigger mode) and window width of the spectrometer into the spectrometer through the level conversion circuit of the trigger control system; then receives the check code fed back by the spectrometer and determines whether the check code is correct: if so, execute step c2; if not, pause this step and issue an alarm message;

[0063] Step c2: In the trigger control system, select the immediate trigger channel by toggling switch S1;

[0064] Step c3: The electrolytic capacitor of the pulse arc oscillation generating circuit Charge to the first preset voltage, the capacitor The voltage is set to 0V; the timing control system of the pulse arc oscillation generating circuit is started to collect the spectrum, and the spectrometer converts the optical signal into the first spectrum data analog quantity, which is transmitted to the host computer system through the level conversion circuit of the trigger control system for error correction;

[0065] Step c4: connect the electrolytic capacitor of the pulse arc oscillation generating circuit Charge to the first preset voltage, the capacitor The voltage is set to a second preset voltage; the timing control system of the pulse arc oscillation generating circuit is started to collect the spectrum; the spectrometer converts the optical signal into a second spectrum data analog quantity, and transmits it to the host computer system through the level conversion circuit of the trigger control system;

[0066] Step c5: the host computer system subtracts the first spectral data analog value from the second spectral data analog value to obtain the spectral component measurement result of the pulse arc.

[0067] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0068] The present invention provides a pulse arc spectral component measurement device and method based on an adjustable sliding window, which can realize the single-cycle accurate capture and measurement of the pulse arc; the opening time and window length of the sliding window can be flexibly adjusted; the strong current side of the pulse arc and the weak current side of the spectrum control and collection can be effectively isolated, and the host computer system and the spectrometer can be effectively insulated and protected; error correction can be performed to effectively eliminate the influence of the background light source and the noise current of the working circuit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0070] Figure 1 A circuit principle diagram of a pulse arc spectrum component measurement device based on an adjustable sliding window provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 2 A circuit layout diagram of a pulse arc spectrum component measurement device based on an adjustable sliding window provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 3 A circuit layout diagram of a trigger control system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 4 A flow chart of a delayed trigger measurement method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 5 A timing diagram of a spectrum acquisition process provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 6 A flow chart of an immediate trigger measurement method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 7A 360Hz pulse arc 0-200ms spectrum component measurement diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 8 The spectral component measurement diagram of the 360Hz pulse arc 200-600ms provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Fig. 9 The spectral component measurement diagram of the 360Hz pulse arc 600~1375ms provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Fig.10 An example diagram of pulse energy provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0080] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0081] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0082] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0083] The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation modes.

[0084] It should also be noted that the following specific embodiments or specific implementations are a series of optimized settings listed in the present invention to further explain the specific content of the invention, and these settings can be used in combination or in association with each other.

[0085] Embodiment 1:

[0086] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the present embodiment provides a pulse arc spectrum component measurement device based on an adjustable sliding window, comprising a pulse arc oscillation generation circuit, a spectrometer, a trigger control system, a host computer system and an oscilloscope;

[0087] The pulse arc oscillation generating circuit includes a pulse energy circuit, an arc ignition circuit, an absorption protection circuit, a pulse spectrum emission source and a timing control system;

[0088] The pulse energy circuit, the arc starting circuit, the absorption protection circuit and the pulse spectrum emission source are arranged in parallel;

[0089] The pulse energy circuit is used to generate oscillating discharge and specifically includes a bidirectional triode thyristor ,inductance ,capacitance and resistance The bidirectional triode thyristor , used to control the conduction of the pulse energy circuit, its T1 pole is connected to the inductor one end of the inductor; The other end of the capacitor is connected The positive electrode of the capacitor Negative connection resistance one end of the resistor The other end is grounded;

[0090] The arc-starting circuit is used to generate a direct current (small current) to keep the medium between the positive and negative electrodes of the pulse spectrum emission source in a conducting state before the pulse current is input, specifically including a reverse blocking triode thyristor , Current limiting resistor , electrolytic capacitor and power diodes The reverse blocking triode thyristor The positive terminal is connected to the current limiting resistor one end of the current limiting resistor The other end of the electrolytic capacitor is connected The positive electrode and power diode The negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor The cathode of the power diode The positive pole of the thyristor is grounded; this can block the triode thyristor in the reverse direction. When turned on, the electrolytic capacitor Through the current limiting resistor Discharge, so that current flows through the positive and negative electrodes of the pulse spectrum emission source, and through the power diode For electrolytic capacitors To protect;

[0091] The absorption protection circuit is used to prevent the positive and negative electrodes of the pulse spectrum emission source from being broken down, thereby avoiding the emission of unplanned spectrum, and to provide voltage protection for each device in the circuit, including resistors. ,capacitance Varistor The resistance With the capacitor Connected in series to adjust the recovery voltage rise rate after the pulse current passes zero The capacitor Keep away from the resistor One end of the varistor is grounded; , used to limit the amplitude of the recovery voltage, one end of which is connected to the resistor Keep away from the capacitor One end of the varistor The other end is grounded;

[0092] The bidirectional triode thyristor The T2 pole, the reverse blocking triode thyristor The negative electrode and the resistor Keep away from the capacitor One end of the two electrodes is connected to the positive electrode of the pulse spectrum emission source; the grounding end of the electromagnetic action mechanism in the pulse spectrum emission source is grounded;

[0093] The timing control system is used to control the timing, specifically comprising a first signal terminal, a second signal terminal and a third signal terminal: the first signal terminal is connected to the bidirectional triode thyristor The second signal terminal is connected to the reverse blocking triode thyristor The third signal end is connected to the signal end of the electromagnetic action mechanism in the pulse spectrum emission source;

[0094] The selection switch input end of the trigger control system is connected to the bidirectional triode thyristor The control pole is used to receive the trigger signal; the output end of the isolation trigger circuit of the trigger control system is connected to the external trigger channel input end of the spectrometer, so as to output the trigger signal to the spectrometer; the first interactive end of the level conversion circuit in the trigger control system is connected to the data interactive end of the spectrometer, so as to realize the data interaction with the spectrometer; the second interactive end of the level conversion circuit in the trigger control system is connected to the data interactive end of the serial port circuit in the host computer system, so as to realize the data interaction with the host computer;

[0095] The spectrum sampling channel of the spectrometer collects the pulse arc spectrum generated by the pulse spectrum emission source through an optical fiber;

[0096] The oscilloscope comprises a probe and a Rogowski coil: the positive end of the probe (i.e., the voltage measurement probe) is connected to the positive electrode of the pulse spectrum emission source, and the negative end of the probe ( Figure 2 The Rogowski coil is arranged on the cable of the branch where the pulse spectrum emission source is located, and is used to measure the pulse current;

[0097] The host computer system is used to set the window width of the adjustable sliding window, display spectrum data and calculate pulse energy.

[0098] Through the above device, the window width of the adjustable sliding window can be set in the host computer system according to needs, and the spectral components of the pulse arc can be measured in segments, thereby realizing accurate measurement of the pulse arc at any stage in the pulse cycle.

[0099] Furthermore, the specific parameter calculation formula of the oscillating discharge in the pulse energy circuit includes:

[0100] Voltage relationship:

[0101] ;

[0102] ;

[0103] in, Indicates capacitance Voltage value; Represents resistance Voltage value; Inductance Voltage value; L 1 represents inductance The inductance value is the pulse energy loop inductance; Indicates time;

[0104] Oscillation discharge condition formula:

[0105] ;

[0106] Oscillation current Calculation formula:

[0107] ;

[0108] in, Indicates capacitance Pre-charge voltage; Represents the angular frequency of the second-order oscillation circuit. The specific calculation formula is:

[0109] ;

[0110] in, Represents the time constant, and the specific calculation formula is:

[0111] ;

[0112] in, Represents resistance The resistance value;

[0113] Pulse frequency The calculation formula is:

[0114] ;

[0115] Thus, by adjusting the inductance and capacitor , the pulse frequency can be adjusted purpose.

[0116] Furthermore, the pulse energy It can assist in spectral analysis. The specific calculation formula is:

[0117] ;

[0118] in, Represents the pulse current, measured by the Rogowski coil of the oscilloscope; Represents the pulse voltage, measured by the oscilloscope probe.

[0119] Furthermore, the resistor The value range is 20~30mΩ, which is convenient for adjusting the pulse frequency of the pulse energy circuit. After determination, use the smallest possible resistance value to achieve oscillation discharge conditions.

[0120] Furthermore, the wires in the pulse energy loop are multiple strands of silver-plated wires with a cross-section of 4 square millimeters to reduce resistance.

[0121] Furthermore, when the electrolytic capacitor The model is 50mF / 220V, the current limiting resistor The resistance value of the reverse blocking triode thyristor is 2.5Ω. When the capacity is 1800V / 200A, the time constant of the discharge process is 125ms, oscillating current It is 80A.

[0122] Furthermore, the model of the spectrometer may be ATP2400; the integration time range is 10-65535 ms; the working mode is set to external trigger mode, i.e. falling edge trigger; and both communication and triggering adopt LVTTL level.

[0123] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, the specific circuit of the trigger control system includes: a high-speed isolation optocoupler P1, a high-speed isolation optocoupler P2, a toggle switch S1, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a comparator U1 and a toggle switch S2 circuit;

[0124] In the toggle switch S1: the 1a end receives the bidirectional triode thyristor The strong positive trigger signal from the control electrode ; 1b end receives bidirectional triode thyristor The strong negative trigger signal from the control electrode ; 2a terminal outputs an immediate positive trigger signal ; 2b terminal outputs an immediate negative trigger signal ; 3a terminal outputs delayed positive trigger signal ; 3b terminal outputs delayed negative trigger signal

[0125] The high-speed isolation optical coupler P1 is used to isolate the trigger signal on the strong current side and convert it into a delayed trigger signal on the weak current side, and then transmit it backward, thereby protecting the lower-level spectrometer and the host computer system. The specific connection method is: the positive input end is connected to the 3a end, the negative input end is connected to the 3b end, the positive output end (collector) is connected to the output end of the DIP switch S2 circuit, and the negative output end is connected to one end of the resistor R5; the negative output end is also connected to one end of the capacitor C3 and the resistor R3 in parallel, and the other end of the capacitor C3 and the resistor R3 in parallel is grounded;

[0126] The other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the negative input pin of the comparator U1; the positive input pin of the comparator U1 is connected to one end of the resistor R6; the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC; the positive input pin of the comparator U1 is also connected to one end of the resistor R4 and the capacitor C4 in parallel, and the other end of the resistor R4 and the capacitor C4 in parallel is grounded for filtering; the power supply pin of the comparator U1 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC; the ground pin of the comparator U1 is grounded; the output pin of the comparator U1 is connected to the outgoing port , used to send an external trigger signal to the spectrometer One end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output pin of the comparator U1, and the other end is connected to the positive input pin of the comparator U1, forming an anti-shake circuit based on the positive feedback principle. In this way, when the charging voltage of the capacitor C3 is higher than the voltage of the capacitor C4, the positive input pin of the comparator U1 is grounded, so that the difference between the positive and negative ends of the comparator U1 increases immediately, thereby preventing the output oscillation of the comparator U1 caused by the jitter of the voltage rising curve of the capacitor C3;

[0127] The dip switch S2 circuit, comprising a number of switches and corresponding access resistor RB, for controlling the resistance of the resistor in series with the capacitor C3 through the dip switch; the input terminal of the dip switch S2 circuit is connected to the supply voltage VCC;

[0128] In this way, under the strong electric trigger signal Before the arrival of the strong electric trigger signal, the output end of the high-speed isolation optocoupler P1 is in a high impedance state, the voltage of the capacitor C3 is 0V, which is lower than the voltage of the capacitor C4, and the output of the comparator U1 is in a high impedance state. Therefore, the spectrometer has a built-in pull-up resistor and presents a high level. After it arrives, the high-speed isolation optocoupler P1 is selected through the toggle switch S1, and the capacitor C3 is connected to the toggle switch S2 circuit, so that the capacitor C3 starts to charge; when the charging voltage of the capacitor C3 is higher than that of the capacitor C4, the output pin of the comparator U1 is grounded, and the spectrometer starts spectral sampling only after the external trigger channel input end of the spectrometer receives the falling edge;

[0129] The high-speed isolation optical coupler P2 is used to isolate the trigger signal on the strong current side and convert it into an immediate trigger signal on the weak current side, and then transmit it backward, thereby protecting the lower-level spectrometer and the host computer system. The specific connection method is: the positive input end is connected to the 2a end, the negative input end is connected to the 2b end, and the positive output end (collector) is connected to the outgoing port , used to send an external trigger signal to the spectrometer ; The negative output terminal is grounded;

[0130] In this way, under the strong electric trigger signal Before the strong current trigger signal arrives, the output end of the high-speed isolation optocoupler P2 is in a high-impedance state, so the spectrometer has a built-in pull-up resistor and presents a high level; After it arrives, the toggle switch S1 is selected to the high-speed isolation optocoupler P2, which transmits the external trigger signal When the external trigger channel input of the spectrometer is set to a low level, the spectrometer immediately starts spectral sampling after receiving a falling edge.

[0131] Furthermore, the positive terminal voltage of the comparator U1 The calculation formula is:

[0132] ;

[0133] in, Indicates 5V supply voltage; Indicates the resistance value of resistor R4; Represents the resistance value of resistor R6; when the voltage of capacitor C3 exceeds When (the charging voltage of capacitor C3 is higher than that of capacitor C4), the output pin of comparator U1 is grounded.

[0134] Furthermore, the serial port circuit of the host computer system is a CH340 serial port module, which is used to convert the LVTTL level of the spectrometer into the USB level of the host computer system.

[0135] Embodiment 2:

[0136] This embodiment provides a pulse arc spectrum component measurement method using the above device, including a delayed trigger measurement method, such as Figure 4 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0137] Step a1, the host computer system inputs the working mode (external trigger mode) and window width of the spectrometer into the spectrometer through the level conversion circuit of the trigger control system; then receives the check code fed back by the spectrometer and determines whether the check code is correct: if so, execute step a2; if not, pause this step and issue an alarm message;

[0138] Step a2: In the trigger control system, select the delayed trigger channel by toggle switch S1; set the delay time by toggle switch S2;

[0139] Step a3: connect the electrolytic capacitor of the pulse arc oscillation circuit Charge to a first preset voltage (e.g. 200V), and then The voltage is set to 0V; the timing control system of the pulse arc oscillation generating circuit is started to perform a spectrum acquisition, and the spectrometer converts the optical signal into a first spectrum data analog quantity, which is transmitted to the host computer system through the level conversion circuit of the trigger control system for error correction;

[0140] Step a4: connect the electrolytic capacitor of the pulse arc oscillation circuit Charge to a first preset voltage (e.g. 200V), and then The voltage is set to a second preset voltage (e.g., 200-1000V); the timing control system of the pulse arc oscillation generating circuit is started to collect the spectrum; the spectrometer converts the optical signal into a second spectrum data analog quantity, which is transmitted to the host computer system via the level conversion circuit of the trigger control system;

[0141] Step a5: The host computer system subtracts the first spectral data analog value from the second spectral data analog value to obtain the spectral component measurement result of the pulse arc.

[0142] Furthermore, the method for determining the check code in step a1 specifically includes: the format of the command frame sent by the host computer system to the spectrometer is: frame header, frame length, command and value (all are hexadecimal numbers converted from decimal numbers); after the spectrometer receives the command frame, the returned check code is: (frame length + command + value) & 0xFF; the host computer system compares the check code calculated by itself with the check code returned by the spectrometer to determine whether the spectrometer has received the correct command frame.

[0143] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, the specific process of spectrum acquisition includes:

[0144] Step b1: Reverse blocking triode thyristor in pulse energy circuit Trigger direct current (small current) into the positive and negative electrodes of the pulse spectrum emission source (timing -0); the electromagnetic action mechanism is activated to pull the positive and negative electrodes apart to a preset distance, and the gap between the positive and negative electrodes maintains a conductive state (timing - );

[0145] Step b2: Bidirectional triode thyristor in pulse energy circuit Triggering, a pulse current (large current) enters between the positive and negative electrodes of the pulse spectrum emission source; the pulse current is a half-wave sine cycle;

[0146] Step b3: Strong electric trigger signal Input to the trigger control system, reaching the delay (timing ) time, trigger the spectrometer to follow the preset integration time length (timing ) to collect the spectrum; in this way, according to the segmented measurement requirements of the pulse arc spectrum, the window width of the sliding window can be accurately controlled by setting the delay time, so as to collect the required segmented spectrum data.

[0147] Furthermore, the specific calculation formula of the delay duration is:

[0148] ;

[0149] in, Indicates the delay time; represents the capacitance value of capacitor C3; Indicates the resistance value of resistor R4; Indicates the resistance value of resistor R6; Indicates the resistance value of the connected resistor RB; Indicates the time when the spectrometer is triggered or the spectrum window is opened; express The trigger or pulse arc input moment; in this way, by selecting different switches in the DIP switch S2 circuit, the resistance value of the access resistor RB can be adjusted, thereby conveniently setting the delay time.

[0150] Furthermore, the method for setting the preset integration time length is: in the instruction frame, setting the instruction as the integration setting command, and setting the numerical value as the integration time length.

[0151] Furthermore, if Figure 6 As shown, the pulse arc spectrum component measurement method also includes an immediate triggering measurement method, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0152] Step c1, the host computer system inputs the working mode (external trigger mode) and window width of the spectrometer into the spectrometer through the level conversion circuit of the trigger control system; then receives the check code fed back by the spectrometer and determines whether the check code is correct: if so, execute step c2; if not, pause this step and issue an alarm message;

[0153] Step c2: In the trigger control system, select the immediate trigger channel by toggling switch S1;

[0154] Step c3: The electrolytic capacitor of the pulse arc oscillation generating circuit Charge to a first preset voltage (e.g. 200V), and then The voltage is set to 0V; the timing control system of the pulse arc oscillation generating circuit is started to perform a spectrum acquisition, and the spectrometer converts the optical signal into a first spectrum data analog quantity, which is transmitted to the host computer system through the level conversion circuit of the trigger control system for error correction;

[0155] Step c4: connect the electrolytic capacitor of the pulse arc oscillation generating circuit Charge to a first preset voltage (e.g. 200V), and then The voltage is set to a second preset voltage (e.g., 200-1000V); the timing control system of the pulse arc oscillation generating circuit is started to collect the spectrum; the spectrometer converts the optical signal into a second spectrum data analog quantity, which is transmitted to the host computer system via the level conversion circuit of the trigger control system;

[0156] Step c5: the host computer system subtracts the first spectral data analog value from the second spectral data analog value to obtain the spectral component measurement result of the pulse arc.

[0157] For example, the electrode material in the pulse spectrum emission source is set to copper Cu, and three staged spectrum measurements are performed on a 360Hz pulse arc with a pulse current peak of 7kA. The specific results are as follows:

[0158] The spectral component measurement diagram of the 0~200ms stage is as follows: Figure 7 As shown;

[0159] The spectral component measurement diagram of the 200~600ms stage is as follows: Figure 8 As shown;

[0160] The spectrum component measurement diagram of the 600~1375ms stage (1375ms corresponds to a half-wave period of 360Hz) is as follows: Fig. 9 As shown;

[0161] From the above three figures, we can see that the three measurement results ( , and ) have obvious characteristic peaks at the positions of the characteristic spectral lines, and the spectral measurement results of the three pulse arcs are consistent, which proves that this scheme can accurately and stably measure the pulse arc spectrum components in stages, which is helpful for subsequent spectral refinement research;

[0162] At the same time, the pulse voltage and pulse current of the 7kA, 360Hz pulse arc are measured by an oscilloscope, and the corresponding pulse energy is calculated by the host computer system, which can be used for subsequent comprehensive analysis of spectral components. The specific waveform is as follows: Fig.10 As shown;

[0163] Among them, the "first stage, second stage and third stage" correspond to the three stages of "0~200ms, 200~600ms, 600~1375ms" respectively, and the pulse energy calculated in each stage is "20.98J, 48.88J and 110.55J" respectively.

[0164] Among them, "0~200ms" adopts the immediate trigger mode with a window width of 200ms; "200~600ms" adopts the delayed trigger mode with a delay time of 200ms and a window width of 400ms; "600~1375ms" adopts the delayed trigger mode with a delay time of 600ms and a window width of 775ms.

[0165] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pulse arc spectrum component measurement device based on an adjustable sliding window, characterized in that: It includes a pulse arc oscillation generating circuit, a spectrometer and a trigger control system; The pulse arc oscillation generating circuit includes a pulse energy circuit, an arc ignition circuit, an absorption protection circuit, a pulse spectrum emission source and a timing control system; The pulse energy circuit, the arc starting circuit, the absorption protection circuit and the pulse spectrum emission source are arranged in parallel; The pulse energy circuit includes a bidirectional triode thyristor ,inductance ,capacitance and resistor The bidirectional triode thyristor The T1 pole connection inductance one end of the inductor; The other end of the capacitor is connected The positive electrode of the capacitor Negative connection resistance one end of the resistor The other end is grounded; The arc-starting circuit includes a reverse blocking triode thyristor , Current limiting resistor , electrolytic capacitor and power diodes The reverse blocking triode thyristor The positive terminal is connected to the current limiting resistor one end of the current limiting resistor The other end of the electrolytic capacitor is connected The positive electrode and power diode The negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor The cathode of the power diode The positive pole is grounded; The absorption protection circuit includes a resistor ,capacitance Varistor The resistor With the capacitor series; the capacitor Keep away from the resistor One end of the varistor is grounded; Connect one end of the resistor Keep away from the capacitor One end of the varistor The other end is grounded; The bidirectional triode thyristor The T2 pole, the reverse blocking triode thyristor The negative electrode and the resistor Keep away from the capacitor One end of the two electrodes is connected to the positive electrode of the pulse spectrum emission source; the grounding end of the electromagnetic action mechanism in the pulse spectrum emission source is grounded; The timing control system comprises a first signal terminal, a second signal terminal and a third signal terminal: the first signal terminal is connected to the bidirectional triode thyristor The second signal terminal is connected to the reverse blocking triode thyristor The third signal end is connected to the signal end of the electromagnetic action mechanism in the pulse spectrum emission source; The selection switch input end of the trigger control system is connected to the bidirectional triode thyristor The control electrode of the trigger control system; the output end of the isolation trigger circuit of the trigger control system is connected to the external trigger channel input end of the spectrometer; the first interactive end of the level conversion circuit in the trigger control system is connected to the data interactive end of the spectrometer; The second interactive end of the level conversion circuit in the trigger control system is connected to the host computer system; The spectrometer collects the pulse arc spectrum generated by the pulse spectrum emission source through optical fiber.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific parameter calculation formula for the oscillating discharge in the pulse energy circuit includes: Voltage relationship: ； ； in, Indicates capacitance Voltage value; Represents resistance Voltage value; Inductance Voltage value; L 1 represents inductance The inductance value; Indicates time; Oscillation discharge condition formula: ； Oscillation current Calculation formula: ； in, Indicates capacitance Pre-charge voltage; Represents the angular frequency of the second-order oscillation circuit. The specific calculation formula is: ； in, Represents the time constant, and the specific calculation formula is: ； Pulse frequency Calculation formula: 。 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that resistance The value range is 20~30mΩ.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that When the electrolytic capacitor The model is 50mF / 220V, the current limiting resistor The resistance value of the reverse blocking triode thyristor is 2.5Ω. When the capacity is 1800V / 200A, the time constant of the discharge process is 125ms, oscillating current It is 80A.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific circuit of the trigger control system includes: a high-speed isolation optocoupler P1, a high-speed isolation optocoupler P2, a toggle switch S1, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a comparator U1 and a toggle switch S2 circuit; In the toggle switch S1: the 1a end receives the bidirectional triode thyristor The control electrode of the thyristor sends a strong positive trigger signal; the 1b end receives the bidirectional triode thyristor The control electrode of the device sends a strong negative trigger signal; the 2a terminal outputs an immediate positive trigger signal; the 2b terminal outputs an immediate negative trigger signal; the 3a terminal outputs a delayed positive trigger signal; the 3b terminal outputs a delayed negative trigger signal; The specific connection mode of the high-speed isolation optical coupler P1 is as follows: the positive input end is connected to the 3a end, the negative input end is connected to the 3b end, the positive output end is connected to the output end of the DIP switch S2 circuit, and the negative output end is connected to one end of the resistor R5; the negative output end is also connected to one end of the capacitor C3 and the resistor R3 in parallel, and the other end of the capacitor C3 and the resistor R3 in parallel is grounded; The other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the negative input pin of the comparator U1; the positive input pin of the comparator U1 is connected to one end of the resistor R6; the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC; the positive input pin of the comparator U1 is also connected to one end of the resistor R4 and the capacitor C4 in parallel, and the other end of the resistor R4 and the capacitor C4 in parallel is grounded; the power supply pin of the comparator U1 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC; the ground pin of the comparator U1 is grounded; the output pin of the comparator U1 is connected to the outgoing port One end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output pin of the comparator U1, and the other end is connected to the positive input pin of the comparator U1, forming an anti-shake circuit; The dip switch S2 circuit, comprising a number of switches and corresponding access resistor RB, for controlling the resistance of the resistor in series with the capacitor C3 through the dip switch; the input terminal of the dip switch S2 circuit is connected to the supply voltage VCC; The specific connection mode of the high-speed isolation optical coupler P2 is: the positive input end is connected to the 2a end, the negative input end is connected to the 2b end, and the positive output end is connected to the outgoing port ; The negative output terminal is grounded.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The positive terminal voltage of the comparator U1 The calculation formula is: ； in, Indicates 5V supply voltage; Indicates the resistance value of resistor R4; Indicates the resistance value of resistor R6.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The serial port circuit of the host computer system is a CH340 serial port module, which is used to convert the LVTTL level of the spectrometer to the USB level of the host computer system.

8. A method for measuring pulse arc spectrum components using the device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The invention comprises a delayed trigger measurement method, which specifically comprises the following steps: Step a1, the host computer system inputs the working mode and window width of the spectrometer into the spectrometer by triggering the level conversion circuit of the control system; then receives the check code fed back by the spectrometer and determines whether the check code is correct: if so, execute step a2; if not, pause this step and issue an alarm message; Step a2: In the trigger control system, select the delayed trigger channel by toggle switch S1; set the delay time by toggle switch S2; Step a3: connect the electrolytic capacitor of the pulse arc oscillation circuit Charge to the first preset voltage, the capacitor The voltage is set to 0V; the timing control system of the pulse arc oscillation generating circuit is started to collect the spectrum, and the spectrometer converts the optical signal into the first spectrum data analog quantity, which is transmitted to the host computer system through the level conversion circuit of the trigger control system for error correction; Step a4: connect the electrolytic capacitor of the pulse arc oscillation circuit Charge to the first preset voltage, the capacitor The voltage is set to a second preset voltage; the timing control system of the pulse arc oscillation generating circuit is started to collect the spectrum; the spectrometer converts the optical signal into a second spectrum data analog quantity, and transmits it to the host computer system through the level conversion circuit of the trigger control system; Step a5: The host computer system subtracts the first spectral data analog value from the second spectral data analog value to obtain the spectral component measurement result of the pulse arc.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The specific process of spectrum acquisition includes: Step b1: Reverse blocking triode thyristor in pulse energy circuit Triggering direct current to flow between the positive and negative electrodes of the pulse spectrum emission source; the electromagnetic action mechanism operates to pull the positive and negative electrodes apart to a preset distance, and the gap between the positive and negative electrodes maintains a conductive state; Step b2: Bidirectional triode thyristor in pulse energy circuit Triggering, a pulse current enters between the positive and negative electrodes of the pulse spectrum emission source; the pulse current is a half-wave sine cycle; Step b3: A strong electric trigger signal is input to the trigger control system. After the delay time is reached, the spectrometer is triggered to collect spectra according to the preset integration time length.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The specific calculation formula for the delay duration is: ； in, Indicates the delay duration; represents the capacitance value of capacitor C3; Indicates the resistance value of resistor R4; Indicates the resistance value of resistor R6; Indicates the resistance value of the connected resistor RB; Indicates the triggering moment of the spectrometer; express Trigger moment.

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