Tool for calibrating toothed rail meshing force and calibration method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of toothed rail detection, in particular to a tool for calibrating the meshing force of a toothed rail and a calibration method of the tool. The tool for calibrating the meshing force of the toothed rail comprises a loading module. The loading module is provided with a tooth groove, the tooth groove is provided with a first supporting part and a second supporting part, the first supporting part is used for being in contact with the upper tooth surface of the gear tooth, the second supporting part is used for being in contact with the side tooth surface of the gear tooth, the first supporting part and the second supporting part are both in a long strip shape, and the first supporting part and the second supporting part are both parallel to the extension direction of the tooth groove. The loading module is installed on the gear teeth, the loading module is matched with the tension component and the jacking component, a proper moment center is selected to establish a moment balance equation, the meshing force of the gear teeth can be calculated only by measuring a small amount of data, calibration of the meshing force of the gear teeth can be achieved by using the meshing force of the gear teeth in cooperation with other measurement modes, and the calibration precision of the meshing force of the gear teeth is improved. Therefore, the problem that a tool for calibrating the meshing force of the toothed rail is lacked in the current market is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rack and track detection, and in particular to a tool for calibrating the meshing force of a rack and track and a calibration method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The rack rail transportation system is popular because it can provide powerful climbing power in complex terrain (especially mountainous terrain). The most critical part of the rack rail transportation system is the meshing transmission system of gears and racks, which provides a large climbing power for the running train through the meshing transmission between gears and racks. In order to formulate scientific and reasonable technical standards for rack rail railways, it is necessary to determine the various parameter performances of the key component rack through a large number of experimental studies, especially the meshing force of the rack. The meshing force is an important parameter for evaluating the performance of the rack system, predicting the service life and ensuring operational safety. The meshing force of the rack refers to the contact pressure when the side tooth surface of the gear tooth on the rack contacts the gear. However, there is a lack of tool devices that can be used to calibrate this meshing force on the market. It is urgent to develop a tool specifically used to calibrate the meshing force of the rack and its application method. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiency in the prior art that there is a lack of a tool device that can be used to calibrate the meshing force of a rack and rail, and to provide a tool for calibrating the meshing force of a rack and rail and a calibration method thereof.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a tool for calibrating the meshing force of a rack and rail, comprising:

[0005] A loading module, wherein the loading module is provided with a tooth groove, and the tooth groove is provided with a first supporting portion and a second supporting portion, wherein the first supporting portion is used to contact the upper tooth surface of the gear tooth of the rack, and the second supporting portion is used to contact the side tooth surface of the gear tooth, and the first supporting portion and the second supporting portion are both long strips, and the first supporting portion and the second supporting portion are both parallel to the extension direction of the tooth groove.

[0006] The loading module can be connected to the tension component and the supporting component. The contact force between the second supporting part and the side tooth surface of the gear tooth is the meshing force of the gear tooth.

[0007] The present invention provides a tool for calibrating the meshing force of a rack and rail, aligning the tooth groove with one side of the gear tooth, and making the first support part contact with the upper tooth surface of the gear tooth, and the second support part contact with the side tooth surface of the gear tooth, and then installing the loading module on the gear tooth. The tension component and the top support component are synchronously connected to the predetermined position of the loading module, and a pressure load in the direction of the tooth groove is applied to the loading module through the top support component, the tension component will be subjected to tension, the first support part will be subjected to the support force given by the upper tooth surface, and the second support part will be subjected to the support force of the side tooth surface. According to the measured values ​​of the pressure and tension, a point is selected as the centroid on the extension line of the second support part subjected to the support force, and the distance between the centroid and each force is measured and calculated. By establishing a moment balance equation for the centroid, the support force received by the second support part can be calculated, and the support force is the meshing force of the gear tooth. Through the cooperation of the tooling with the tension component and the top support component, only a small amount of data needs to be measured to calculate the meshing force of the gear teeth. The meshing force of the gear teeth can be used in conjunction with other measurement methods to calibrate the meshing force of the gear teeth. This means that after the calibration is completed, the meshing force of the gear teeth can be indirectly measured by using the other measurement methods, without the need for complex calculations again, thereby solving the problem of the lack of tooling that can be used to calibrate the meshing force of racks and rails in the current market.

[0008] The tooth groove may have a variety of shapes, such as arc, U or V, and the shape of the tooth groove may also be adapted to the gear teeth, ensuring that, except for the first support portion and the second support portion contacting the gear teeth, no other components may contact the gear teeth. This is done to avoid contact interference between other components and the gear teeth during the rack meshing force test, which may lead to errors in the calculation of the moment balance equation, thereby ensuring that the meshing force can be accurately measured.

[0009] The cross-sectional shapes of the first supporting portion and the second supporting portion may also be various, such as rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, parabolic, arc-shaped or semicircular.

[0010] Preferably, the tooth groove is a V-shaped groove, and the V-shaped groove has two relatively inclined groove surfaces, the first supporting portion and the second supporting portion are respectively located on the two groove surfaces, the groove surface with the first supporting portion is parallel to the upper tooth surface, and the groove surface with the second supporting portion is parallel to the side tooth surface. The upper shape of the gear teeth of the rack is generally an isosceles trapezoid, so the two groove surfaces of the V-shaped groove are respectively parallel to the upper tooth surface and the side tooth surface, so that the shape of the tooth groove can be matched with the shape of the gear teeth, which is convenient for installing the loading module on the gear teeth.

[0011] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the first support portion is a right-angled trapezoid, and the cross-sectional shape of the second support portion is a rectangle.

[0012] Preferably, the loading module is provided with a groove, and the groove is located on the same side of the loading module as the tooth groove. When the tension component is a steel cable or a steel wire rope, the groove can be used to assist the connection between the loading module and the tension component and strengthen the connection effect. The steel cable or the steel wire rope can be wrapped around the groove, which facilitates the connection and prevents the steel cable or the steel wire rope from sliding.

[0013] Preferably, the loading module is provided with two support plates arranged side by side, the two support plates are respectively located at the two ends of the extension direction of the tooth groove, the spacing between the two support plates is greater than the width of the rack, a detachable cross bar is provided between the two support plates, the cross bar is located on one side of the bottom surface of the rack, and the line between the cross bar and the first support portion is perpendicular to the upper tooth surface. The cross bar can contact the bottom surface of the rack, or there can be a certain gap between the cross bar and the bottom surface of the rack. This scheme can make the connection between the loading module and the rack more stable, and because the line between the cross bar and the first support portion is perpendicular to the upper tooth surface, the contact force between the cross bar and the bottom surface of the gear tooth is collinear with the support force of the first support portion on the upper tooth surface. When a point is selected as the moment center on the extension line of the support force borne by the first support portion, the extension line of the contact force between the cross bar and the bottom surface of the gear tooth will pass through the moment center, and the torque generated on the moment center is zero, which will not increase the complexity of the original moment balance equation.

[0014] Preferably, the loading module is provided with a top support seat, which is located on the side of the loading module opposite to the tooth groove. The top support seat is used to connect with the top head of the top support component to strengthen the connection and prevent the connection point from sliding.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for calibrating a rack-rail meshing force, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: At the transition arc of the tooth root of the gear teeth to be tested and at the position where it intersects with the dangerous section determined by the Hoffer 30° tangent method, a strain gauge is pasted along the tangent direction of the transition arc. The dangerous section determined by the Hoffer 30° tangent method refers to the section passing through the two tangent points and parallel to the axis of the gear track at the tangent point where the straight line that forms an angle of 30° with the tooth profile symmetry line of the gear teeth is tangent to the tooth root transition curve.

[0017] S2: Install the loading module onto the gear teeth with strain gauges in step S1, so that the first support part contacts the upper tooth surface of the gear teeth, and the second support part contacts the side tooth surface of the gear teeth; apply lubricating grease on the upper tooth surface in contact with the first support part and the side tooth surface in contact with the second support part. The lubricating grease can reduce the friction between the first support part and the upper tooth surface, and also reduce the friction between the second support part and the side tooth surface, so that when establishing the torque balance equation in the subsequent steps, the influence of the friction on the torque balance equation can be ignored.

[0018] S3: Connect one end of the tension component to the loading module, and the other end to a fixed object; connect one end of the support component to the loading module, and the other end to a fixed object; the connection positions of the tension component and the support component and the loading module and the direction of the force must be such that when the loading module is subjected to force, pressure is generated between the first support part and the upper tooth surface, and pressure is generated between the second support part and the side tooth surface; and the axes of the tension component and the support component must be coplanar with the pressure generated between the first support part and the upper tooth surface, and the pressure generated between the second support part and the side tooth surface.

[0019] S4: Using the supporting component to apply a pressure load to the loading module, and obtaining the pressure value of the supporting component, the tension value of the tension component, and the strain value of the strain gauge.

[0020] S5: Select a point on the extension line of the support force borne by the first support part as the moment centroid, establish a moment balance equation based on the moment centroid, solve the moment balance equation, and calculate the support force borne by the second support part, which is the meshing force F of the gear teeth. The moment balance equation is as follows:

[0021] F·L+N2·L2+N3·L3=0

[0022] Among them, F represents the meshing force of the gear teeth; L represents the distance from the moment center to the extension line of the support force borne by the second support part; N2 represents the pressure value of the support component. When the torque generated by the pressure of the support component is in the opposite direction to the torque generated by the support force borne by the second support part, N2 takes a positive value, otherwise N2 takes a negative value; L2 represents the distance from the moment center to the axial extension line of the support component; N3 represents the tension value of the tension component. When the torque generated by the tension of the tension component is in the opposite direction to the torque generated by the support force borne by the second support part, N3 takes a positive value, otherwise N3 takes a negative value; L3 represents the distance from the moment center to the axial extension line of the tension component. It should be noted that the meshing force of the gear teeth is also the meshing force of the rack.

[0023] S6: Change the pressure load applied by the supporting component to the loading module, repeat steps S4 and S5, obtain multiple sets of meshing force F and corresponding strain values, establish a relationship curve between meshing force F and strain value, and complete the calibration of the gear meshing force.

[0024] The present invention provides a calibration method for the meshing force of a rack, by obtaining the pressure value of a supporting component, the tension value of a tension component, and measuring and calculating the distance from the moment center to the axial extension line of the supporting component, the distance from the moment center to the axial extension line of the tension component, and the distance from the moment center to the extension line of the supporting force borne by the second support part, and establishing and solving a moment balance equation based on the moment center to obtain the meshing force of the gear teeth, and also measuring the strain value of the strain gauge. Through multiple groups of tests, a relationship curve between the meshing force and the strain value can be established to achieve the effect of calibrating the meshing force of the rack.

[0025] After calibrating the meshing force of the rack, the relationship curve between the meshing force and the strain value is obtained. In the subsequent meshing force test, it is only necessary to paste the strain gauge along the tangent direction of the transition arc at the transition arc of the tooth root of the rack to be tested and at the position where it intersects with the dangerous section determined by the Hoffer 30° tangent method, and then load the rack to be tested, measure the strain value of the strain gauge, and then quickly obtain the meshing force of the rack to be tested based on the relationship curve between the meshing force and the strain value.

[0026] When the tension component is connected to the loading module, the axis of the tension component can be parallel to or inclined with the axis of the rack. When the supporting component is connected to the loading module, the axis of the supporting component can be parallel to or inclined with the axial direction of the rack. Specifically, for example: In case 1, the tooth groove of the loading module faces the right side and is installed on the gear teeth of the rack, the rack is placed horizontally, the tension component is connected to the upper left side of the loading module, and the axis of the tension component is tilted upward, and the angle with the horizontal direction is 30°, the supporting component is connected to the lower left side of the loading module, the axis of the supporting component is tilted upward, and the angle with the horizontal direction is 15°; In case 2, the tooth groove of the loading module faces the right side and is installed on the gear teeth of the rack, the rack is placed horizontally, the tension component is connected to the upper left side of the loading module, the axis of the tension component is tilted upward, and the angle with the horizontal direction is 45°, the supporting component is connected to the lower left side of the loading module, and the axis of the supporting component is consistent with the horizontal direction.

[0027] When selecting the centroid, the centroid must not fall on the extension line of the axis of the tension component and the extension line of the axis of the top support component at the same time, and the centroid must not fall on the extension line of the supporting force borne by the second support part, so as to avoid causing the moment balance equation to have no solution or the inability to accurately solve the meshing force.

[0028] Preferably, in step S3, the axes of the tension member and the supporting member are arranged parallel to the axis of the rack rail. This solution can facilitate the measurement and calculation of the distance from the centroid to the axial extension line of the supporting member, and the distance from the centroid to the axial extension line of the tension member.

[0029] Preferably, step S2 and step S3 are replaced by installing the two loading modules on the same rack to be tested in a manner that the tooth grooves face each other, the tooth grooves of the two loading modules are docked with two different gear teeth, one of which is the gear tooth with a strain gauge attached in step S1, and the tension component and the top support component are connected between the two loading modules, the top support component is located directly below the tension component, and the axes of the tension component and the top support component are parallel to the axis of the rack; lubricating paste is applied to the upper tooth surface and side tooth surface of the two gear teeth. This solution does not require additional fixtures for connecting with the tension component or the top support component when testing the meshing force of the rack, and the internal force self-balancing mechanism is realized through the interaction between the two loading modules, the top support component, the tension component and the rack to be tested, thereby improving the convenience of the test.

[0030] Preferably, step S5 is replaced by taking the intersection of the extension line of the axis of the tension member and the extension line of the support force borne by the first support part as the moment centroid, and establishing a moment balance equation based on the moment centroid, the moment balance equation is:

[0031] F·L=N2·L2

[0032] Among them, F represents the meshing force of the gear teeth; L represents the distance from the moment center to the extension line of the support force borne by the second support part; N2 represents the pressure value of the supporting component, and N2 takes a positive value; L2 represents the distance from the moment center to the axial extension line of the supporting component. In this solution, the torque generated by the tension of the tension component is zero, which reduces the measurement and calculation of force and lever arm, and improves the convenience and efficiency of testing the meshing force.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The present invention provides a tool for calibrating the meshing force of a gear. The loading module is installed on the gear teeth, and through cooperation with the tension component and the top support component, a suitable moment center is selected to establish a moment balance equation. Only a small amount of data needs to be measured to calculate the meshing force of the gear teeth. The meshing force of the gear teeth can be used in conjunction with other measurement methods to calibrate the meshing force of the gear teeth, thereby solving the problem of a lack of tooling capable of testing the meshing force of a gear.

[0035] 2. The present invention provides a calibration method for the meshing force of a rack and rail, by obtaining the pressure value of the top support component, the tension value of the tension component, and measuring and calculating the distance from the moment center to the axial extension line of the top support component, the distance from the moment center to the axial extension line of the tension component, and the distance from the moment center to the extension line of the support force borne by the second support part, and establishing and solving the moment balance equation based on the moment center to obtain the meshing force of the gear teeth, and at the same time measuring the strain value of the strain gauge. Through multiple groups of tests, the relationship curve between the meshing force and the strain value can be established to achieve the effect of calibrating the meshing force of the rack and rail. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tooling of Example 1.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the tooling of Example 1.

[0038] Figure 3 This is the first force analysis diagram of the tooling of Example 1.

[0039] Figure 4 This is the second force analysis diagram of the tooling of Example 1.

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of two tools of Example 1 being symmetrically placed on a rack for testing meshing force.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the tooling of Example 2.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the tooling of Example 2.

[0043] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a rack with strain gauges attached.

[0044] Markings in the figure:

[0045] 1- Load the module,

[0046] 2-tooth groove,

[0047] 3- The first support part,

[0048] 4- Second support part,

[0049] 5- Tension members,

[0050] 6- Top support component,

[0051] 7- Groove,

[0052] 8-Gear teeth,

[0053] 81-upper tooth surface, 82-side tooth surface,

[0054] 9- Support plate,

[0055] 10- horizontal bar,

[0056] 11- Top support seat,

[0057] 12-strain gauge,

[0058] 13- Dangerous section,

[0059] O-centroid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0061] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the terms indicating the orientation or position relationship such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "center", "inside", "outside", etc. are all expressions based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship when the invented product / equipment / device is usually used. These terms of orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the scheme of the present invention or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, so as to facilitate the technicians to quickly understand the scheme, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific position relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0062] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel" and the like appear, it does not mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel, but may be slightly tilted or have deviations. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are set in directions such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, and more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the scheme of the present invention.

[0063] In addition, the expressions “first”, “second”, “third”, etc., which appear in the terms, are merely used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0064] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "plurality" and "a number" represent at least 2. It can be any number such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and even more than 9.

[0065] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connected", "provided with", "laid", and "arranged" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, and can be welding, riveting, bolting, threading, and other commonly used connection means in the field. This connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a tool for calibrating the meshing force of a rack and rail includes a loading module 1.

[0068] The loading module 1 is provided with a tooth groove 2, and the tooth groove 2 is provided with a first support portion 3 and a second support portion 4, the first support portion 3 is used to contact the upper tooth surface 81 of the gear tooth 8 of the rack, and the second support portion 4 is used to contact the side tooth surface 82 of the gear tooth 8, and the first support portion 3 and the second support portion 4 are both long strips, and the first support portion 3 and the second support portion 4 are both parallel to the extension direction of the tooth groove 2. The material strength of the loading module 1 needs to meet certain requirements, and the specific material can be steel or cast iron.

[0069] The loading module 1 can be connected to the tension component 5 and the supporting component 6. The tension component 5 can be provided with a tension sensor for measuring the tension value of the tension component 5. The supporting component 6 can be provided with a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure value of the supporting component 6.

[0070] The tension component 5 can be a rod, a steel cable or a steel wire rope. When the tension component 5 is a rod, the tension component 5 and the loading module 1 are hinged. When the tension component 5 is a steel cable or a steel wire rope, the connection between the tension component 5 and the loading module 1 is a lasso connection or a clamp connection. The supporting component 6 can be a hydraulic piston rod or a jack. The connection between the supporting component 6 and the loading module 1 can be abutment or hinged.

[0071] In an optional embodiment, the tooth groove 2 may be a V-shaped groove having two relatively inclined groove surfaces, the first support portion 3 and the second support portion 4 are respectively located on the two groove surfaces, the groove surface having the first support portion 3 is parallel to the upper tooth surface 81, and the groove surface having the second support portion 4 is parallel to the side tooth surface 82. Specifically, when the angle between the upper tooth surface 81 and the side tooth surface 82 is 100°, the angle between the two groove surfaces of the V-shaped groove is also 100°.

[0072] In an optional embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the first support portion 3 may be a right-angled trapezoid, and the cross-sectional shape of the second support portion 4 may be a rectangle. The protrusion heights of the first support portion 3 and the second support portion 4 may be 5 mm-10 mm, and the specific protrusion heights may be 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm or 10 mm.

[0073] In an optional embodiment, the loading module 1 may be provided with a groove 7, and the groove 7 is located on the same side of the loading module 1 as the tooth groove 2. The cross-sectional shape of the groove 7 may be U-shaped.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] Based on a tool for calibrating the gear-rail meshing force in Example 1, as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the loading module 1 is provided with two side-by-side support plates 9, the two support plates 9 are respectively located at the two ends of the extension direction of the tooth groove 2, and the distance between the two support plates 9 is greater than the width of the rack, for example: the distance between the two support plates 9 is 42mm, and the width of the rack is 40mm. A detachable cross bar 10 is provided between the two support plates 9, the cross bar 10 is located on one side of the bottom surface of the rack, and the two ends of the cross bar 10 are respectively connected to the holes opened in the two support plates 9, the cross-sectional shape of the cross bar 10 is compatible with the holes, and is an interference connection, and the cross-sectional shape of the cross bar 10 can be rectangular or circular. The line between the cross bar 10 and the first support portion 3 is perpendicular to the upper tooth surface 81.

[0076] In an optional embodiment, the loading module 1 may be provided with a top support seat 11, which is located on the side of the loading module 1 opposite to the tooth groove 2. The top support seat 11 may be a component with a circular groove, and the circular groove is compatible with the top of the top support component 6.

[0077] Example 3

[0078] This embodiment describes how to use the tool for calibrating the meshing force of a rack and rail described in Embodiment 1 to calibrate the meshing force of a rack and rail. A method for calibrating the meshing force of a rack and rail comprises the following steps:

[0079] S1: At the transition arc of the tooth root of the gear tooth 8 of the rack to be tested and at the position where it intersects with the dangerous section 13 determined by the Hoffer 30° tangent method, a strain gauge 12 is pasted along the tangent direction of the transition arc, such as Figure 8 shown.

[0080] S2: Install the loading module 1 onto the gear tooth 8 with the strain gauge 12 attached in step S1, so that the first support portion 3 contacts the upper tooth surface 81 of the gear tooth 8, and the second support portion 4 contacts the side tooth surface 82 of the gear tooth 8. Figure 3 As shown, the rack to be tested can be fixed horizontally on the ground, with the gear teeth 8 facing upward. Lubricating grease is applied to the upper tooth surface 81 in contact with the first support portion 3 and the side tooth surface 82 in contact with the second support portion 4.

[0081] S3: Connect one end of the tension component 5 to the loading module 1, and the other end to a fixed object; connect one end of the top support component 6 to the loading module 1, and the other end to a fixed object; the connection position of the tension component 5 and the top support component 6 to the loading module 1 and the direction of the force must be such that when the loading module 1 is subjected to force, pressure is generated between the first support part 3 and the upper tooth surface 81, and pressure is generated between the second support part 4 and the side tooth surface 82; and the axes of the tension component 5 and the top support component 6 must be coplanar with the pressure generated between the first support part 3 and the upper tooth surface 81, and the pressure generated between the second support part 4 and the side tooth surface 82.

[0082] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the tension member 5 is connected to the upper left of the loading module 1, and the axis of the tension member 5 is tilted downward, and the angle with the horizontal direction is 15°. The top support member 6 is connected to the lower left of the loading module 1, and the axis of the top support member 6 is in the horizontal direction. The axis of the tension member 5, the axis of the top support member 6 and the axis of the rack are in the same plane.

[0083] S4: Use the supporting component 6 to apply a pressure load to the loading module 1, and obtain the pressure value of the supporting component 6, the tension value of the tension component 5, and the strain value of the strain gauge 12. The pressure value of the supporting component 6 and the tension value of the tension component 5 can be obtained by the pressure sensor and the tension sensor respectively. The strain gauge 12 can be connected to the Wheatstone bridge through the connection mode of 1 / 4 bridge, so as to measure and obtain its strain value.

[0084] S5: Select a point on the extension line of the support force borne by the first support part 3 as the moment center O, establish a moment balance equation based on the moment center O, solve the moment balance equation, and calculate the support force borne by the second support part 4, which is the meshing force F of the gear 8. The moment balance equation is as follows:

[0085] F·L+N2·L2+N3·L3=0

[0086] Among them, F represents the meshing force of the gear teeth 8; L represents the distance from the moment center O to the extension line of the supporting force borne by the second support part 4; N2 represents the pressure value of the supporting component 6. When the torque generated by the pressure of the supporting component 6 is in the opposite direction to the torque generated by the supporting force borne by the second support part 4, N2 takes a positive value, otherwise N2 takes a negative value; L2 represents the distance from the moment center O to the axial extension line of the supporting component 6; N3 represents the tension value of the tension component 5. When the torque generated by the tension of the tension component 5 is in the opposite direction to the torque generated by the supporting force borne by the second support part 4, N3 takes a positive value, otherwise N3 takes a negative value; L3 represents the distance from the moment center O to the axial extension line of the tension component 5.

[0087] S6: Change the pressure load applied by the supporting component 6 to the loading module 1, repeat steps S4 and S5, obtain multiple sets of meshing forces F and corresponding strain values, establish a relationship curve between meshing forces F and strain values, and complete the calibration of the gear meshing force.

[0088] In an optional implementation, in step S3, the axes of the tension member 5 and the supporting member 6 may be arranged parallel to the axis of the rack.

[0089] In an optional implementation manner, step S2 and step S3 may be replaced by, for example Figure 5 As shown, two loading modules 1 are installed on the same rack to be tested in a manner that the tooth grooves 2 face each other, and the tooth grooves 2 of the two loading modules 1 are connected to two different gear teeth 8, one of which is the gear tooth 8 with the strain gauge 12 attached in step S1, and the tension component 5 and the top support component 6 are connected between the two loading modules 1, and the top support component 6 is located directly below the tension component 5, and the axes of the tension component 5 and the top support component 6 are parallel to the axis of the rack. Lubricating oil is applied to the upper tooth surface 81 and the side tooth surface 82 of the two gear teeth 8.

[0090] In an optional implementation, step S5 may be replaced by: Figure 4 As shown, the intersection of the extended line of the axis of the tension member 5 and the extended line of the supporting force borne by the first supporting part 3 is taken as the moment center O, and a moment balance equation is established based on the moment center O. The moment balance equation is:

[0091] F·L=N2·L2

[0092] Among them, F represents the meshing force of the gear teeth 8; L represents the distance from the moment center O to the extension line of the supporting force borne by the second support part 4; N2 represents the pressure value of the supporting component 6, and N2 takes a positive value; L2 represents the distance from the moment center O to the axial extension line of the supporting component 6.

[0093] The process of obtaining a set of specific calibration data by using a tool for calibrating the meshing force of a rack and rail and a calibration method thereof provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0094] like Figure 4 As shown, when the axes of the tension component 5 and the top support component 6 are arranged parallel to the axial direction of the rack, when the intersection of the extended line of the axis of the tension component 5 and the extended line of the supporting force borne by the first support part 3 is taken as the moment center O, after loading is implemented, the following specific values ​​are measured and obtained: N2=1000N, L2=0.2m, L3=0m, L=0.37m, and the strain value of the strain gauge 12 is 0.0012.

[0095] The moment balance equation is established based on the moment center O, and the moment balance equation is as follows:

[0096] F·L=N2·L2

[0097] Substituting N2=1000N, L2=0.2m, L=0.37m into the moment balance equation, we get:

[0098] F×0.37=1000×0.2

[0099] Solving the moment balance equation yields:

[0100] F=540.541

[0101] It can be obtained that the meshing force of the rack is 540.541 N, and the corresponding strain value is 0.0012.

[0102] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool for calibrating the meshing force of a rack and rail, characterized in that: include A loading module (1), the loading module (1) being provided with a tooth groove (2), the tooth groove (2) being provided with a first supporting portion (3) and a second supporting portion (4), the first supporting portion (3) being used for contacting an upper tooth surface (81) of a gear tooth (8) of a rack, the second supporting portion (4) being used for contacting a side tooth surface (82) of the gear tooth (8), the first supporting portion (3) and the second supporting portion (4) both being in the shape of an elongated strip, and both being parallel to the extension direction of the tooth groove (2).

2. A tool for calibrating the meshing force of a rack and rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth groove (2) is a V-shaped groove having two relatively inclined groove surfaces, the first supporting portion (3) and the second supporting portion (4) are respectively located on the two groove surfaces, the groove surface having the first supporting portion (3) is parallel to the upper tooth surface (81), and the groove surface having the second supporting portion (4) is parallel to the side tooth surface (82).

3. A tool for calibrating the meshing force of a rack and rail according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the first supporting portion (3) is a right-angled trapezoid, and the cross-sectional shape of the second supporting portion (4) is a rectangle.

4. The tool for calibrating the meshing force of a rack and rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading module (1) is provided with a groove (7), and the groove (7) is located on the same side of the loading module (1) as the tooth groove (2).

5. A tool for calibrating the meshing force of a rack according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The loading module (1) is provided with two side-by-side support plates (9), the two support plates (9) are respectively located at the two ends of the extension direction of the tooth groove (2), the spacing between the two support plates (9) is greater than the width of the rack, a detachable cross bar (10) is provided between the two support plates (9), the cross bar (10) is located on one side of the bottom surface of the rack, and the connection line between the cross bar (10) and the first support portion (3) is perpendicular to the upper tooth surface (81).

6. A tool for calibrating the meshing force of a rack and rail according to claim 5, characterized in that: The loading module (1) is provided with a top support seat (11), and the top support seat (11) is located on a side of the loading module (1) opposite to the tooth groove (2).

7. A method for calibrating the meshing force of a rack and rail, characterized in that: Using a tool for calibrating the meshing force of a rack as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 comprises the following steps: S1: Paste a strain gauge (12) along the tangent direction of the transition arc at the transition arc of the tooth root of the gear tooth (8) of the rack to be tested and at a position intersecting with the dangerous section (13) determined by the Hoffer 30° tangent method; S2: installing the loading module (1) onto the gear tooth (8) to which the strain gauge (12) is attached in step S1, so that the first supporting portion (3) contacts the upper tooth surface (81) of the gear tooth (8), and the second supporting portion (4) contacts the side tooth surface (82) of the gear tooth (8); applying lubricating grease to the upper tooth surface (81) in contact with the first supporting portion (3) and the side tooth surface (82) in contact with the second supporting portion (4); S3: Connect one end of the tension component (5) to the loading module (1), and the other end to a fixed object; connect one end of the supporting component (6) to the loading module (1), and the other end to a fixed object; the connection positions of the tension component (5) and the supporting component (6) and the loading module (1) and the direction of the force applied are required to ensure that when the loading module (1) is subjected to force, pressure is generated between the first supporting portion (3) and the upper tooth surface (81), and pressure is generated between the second supporting portion (4) and the side tooth surface (82); and the axes of the tension component (5) and the supporting component (6) are required to be coplanar with the pressure generated between the first supporting portion (3) and the upper tooth surface (81), and the pressure generated between the second supporting portion (4) and the side tooth surface (82); S4: using the supporting component (6) to apply a pressure load to the loading module (1), and obtaining a pressure value of the supporting component (6), a tension value of the tension component (5), and a strain value of the strain gauge (12); S5: Select a point on the extension line of the support force borne by the first support part (3) as the moment center (O), establish a moment balance equation based on the moment center (O), solve the moment balance equation, and calculate the support force borne by the second support part (4), that is, the meshing force F of the gear teeth (8). The moment balance equation is as follows: F·L+N2·L2+N3·L3=0 Wherein, F represents the meshing force of the gear teeth (8); L represents the distance from the moment center (O) to the extension line of the supporting force borne by the second supporting part (4); N2 represents the pressure value of the supporting component (6); when the torque generated by the pressure of the supporting component (6) is in the opposite direction to the torque generated by the supporting force borne by the second supporting part (4), N2 takes a positive value, otherwise N2 takes a negative value; L2 represents the distance from the moment center (O) to the axial extension line of the supporting component (6); N3 represents the tension value of the tension component (5); when the torque generated by the tension of the tension component (5) is in the opposite direction to the torque generated by the supporting force borne by the second supporting part (4), N3 takes a positive value, otherwise N3 takes a negative value; L3 represents the distance from the moment center (O) to the axial extension line of the tension component (5); S6: changing the pressure load applied by the supporting component (6) to the loading module (1), repeating steps S4 and S5, obtaining multiple sets of meshing forces F and corresponding strain values, establishing a relationship curve between the meshing forces F and the strain values, and completing the calibration of the gear meshing force.

8. A method for calibrating rack-rail meshing force according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, the axes of the tension component (5) and the supporting component (6) are arranged parallel to the axis of the rack.

9. A method for calibrating rack-rail meshing force according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step S2 and step S3 are replaced by installing the two loading modules (1) on the same rack to be tested in a manner that the tooth grooves (2) are facing each other, the tooth grooves (2) of the two loading modules (1) are connected to two different gear teeth (8), one of the gear teeth (8) is the gear tooth (8) with the strain gauge (12) attached in step S1, the tension component (5) and the top support component (6) are connected between the two loading modules (1), the top support component (6) is located directly below the tension component (5), and the axes of the tension component (5) and the top support component (6) are parallel to the axis of the rack; and lubricating grease is applied to the upper tooth surface (81) and the side tooth surface (82) of the two gear teeth (8).

10. A method for calibrating rack-rail meshing force according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step S5 is replaced by taking the intersection of the extension line of the axis of the tension member (5) and the extension line of the support force borne by the first support part (3) as the moment centroid (O), and establishing a moment balance equation based on the moment centroid (O), the moment balance equation is: F·L=N2·L2 Wherein, F represents the meshing force of the gear teeth (8); L represents the distance from the moment center (O) to the extension line of the supporting force borne by the second supporting part (4); N2 represents the pressure value of the supporting component (6), and N2 takes a positive value; L2 represents the distance from the moment center (O) to the axial extension line of the supporting component (6).

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