Airborne cloud precipitation particle measuring instrument

Abstract

The invention provides an airborne cloud precipitation particle measuring instrument which comprises a probe cabin with an elliptical cross section, the top end of the probe cabin is located on one side of an elliptical long axis perpendicular to the cross section, a first supporting arm and a second supporting arm which are oppositely arranged are fixed to the top end, and a fixing seat is arranged on one side face of the probe cabin; reflective mirror cover plates inclined inwards by 45 degrees are arranged on the outer walls of the free ends, away from the probe bin, of the first supporting arm and the second supporting arm, windows are arranged between the top ends of the inner walls of the free ends and the outer edges of the tops of the reflective mirror cover plates, and window glass is fixed through window glass pressing rings; a 45-degree reflector is mounted on the inner side of the reflector cover plate; a laser assembly is arranged in the first supporting arm; a lens group and a camera are arranged in the second supporting arm. The lens group is located at a light inlet of the camera. The overall modeling of the device is streamline, wind resistance is reduced, collision and breakage of particles are reduced, the device has high precision and reliability, and real-time, high-speed and three-dimensional measurement and synchronous extraction of cloud precipitation particles can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cloud microphysical parameter observation in cloud precipitation theory, and in particular relates to an airborne cloud precipitation particle measuring instrument. Background Art

[0002] In view of the development needs of my country's low-altitude economy and the lack of online UAV cloud precipitation particle imaging technology in my country, existing UAV platforms have not yet been equipped with devices and equipment that can measure online. At present, digital holographic technology has been used to observe the three-dimensional spatial distribution, shape, particle size and other parameters of cloud precipitation particles on airborne, high mountain stations, meteorological balloons and meteorological tower platforms at home and abroad.

[0003] When existing commercial light scattering or direct imaging principles are used to detect cloud precipitation particles, there are bottleneck problems such as the need for parameter assumptions and adjustments, single detection parameters, low sampling frequency, and the inability to perform three-dimensional measurements. This makes it impossible to achieve real-time, high-speed, three-dimensional measurement and synchronous extraction of cloud precipitation particles carried by drones. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the bottleneck problems of existing airborne cloud and fog measuring instruments, such as the need for parameter assumptions and adjustments, single detection parameters, low sampling frequency and inability to perform three-dimensional measurements, as well as the defects of being unable to achieve real-time, high-speed, three-dimensional measurement and synchronous extraction of cloud precipitation particles carried by unmanned aerial vehicles.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an airborne cloud precipitation particle measuring instrument, comprising a probe chamber with an elliptical cross section, the top of the probe chamber is located on one side of the ellipse major axis perpendicular to the cross section, the top is fixed with two first support arms and a second support arm arranged opposite to each other, and a fixing seat is arranged on one side surface perpendicular to the ellipse minor axis of the cross section of the probe chamber;

[0006] The outer wall of the free end of the first support arm and the second support arm away from the probe compartment is provided with a reflector cover plate inclined inward at an angle of 45°, a window is provided between the top of the inner wall of the free end and the top outer edge of the reflector cover plate, and the window glass is fixed on the window by a window glass pressing ring;

[0007] A 45° reflector is installed on the inner side of the reflector cover plate;

[0008] A laser assembly is disposed in the first supporting arm;

[0009] A lens group and a camera are arranged in the second supporting arm, and the lens group is located at the light entrance of the camera.

[0010] The advantages of the present invention are: simple structure, pulse laser and image camera are horizontally opposed and the overall shape is streamlined, which greatly reduces wind resistance and particle breakage, has high accuracy and reliability, and can realize real-time, high-speed, three-dimensional measurement and synchronous extraction of cloud precipitation particles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a stereogram of an airborne cloud precipitation particle measuring instrument.

[0012] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an airborne cloud precipitation particle measuring instrument.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the airborne cloud precipitation particle measuring instrument.

[0014] Figure 4 This is an end view of one end of the airborne cloud precipitation particle measuring instrument.

[0015] Description of reference numerals:

[0016] 1. Probe compartment; 2. First support arm; 3. Second support arm; 4. Fixed seat; 5. Mirror cover; 6. Window glass pressure ring; 7. Window glass; 8. 45° reflector; 9. Laser assembly; 10. Lens group; 11. Camera; 12. Electric heating ring; 13. Battery compartment; 14. Control circuit board; 15. Memory; 16. RS422 communicator; 17. USB interface; 18. Memory power switch; 19. Type-C interface; 20. Power switch; 21. Battery compartment cover; 22. Power indicator light; 23. External power interface; 24. Program read and write interface; 25. RS422 communicator interface; 26. Battery pack; 27. Memory indicator light. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose, the specific implementation methods, structural features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "aligned", "overlap", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0020] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features; in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0021] Figure 1 The figure shows an airborne cloud precipitation particle measuring instrument, including a probe chamber 1 with an elliptical cross section. This shape has a good streamline shape, reduces the disturbance to the surrounding air, reduces wind resistance and reduces the occurrence of fragmentation of surrounding particles, which is conducive to improving the reliability and accuracy of equipment measurement and realizing accurate measurement of cloud droplet number concentration. Figure 1 The top of the probe chamber 1 is perpendicular to the major axis of the ellipse of the cross section, and the top is fixed with two first supporting arms 2 and second supporting arms 3 which are arranged opposite to each other. A fixing seat 4 is arranged on one side of the ellipse minor axis of the cross section of the probe chamber 1 for fixing on the aircraft mounting bracket. Figure 1 It can be seen that in this embodiment, a flange is selected as a part of the fixing seat to facilitate airborne installation.

[0022] The outer walls of the free ends of the first support arm 2 and the second support arm 3 away from the probe compartment 1 are both provided with Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the reflector cover plate 5 is tilted inward at an angle of 45°, and a window is arranged between the top of the inner wall of the free end and the top outer edge of the reflector cover plate 5, and the window glass 7 is fixed on the window by a window glass pressing ring 6; a 45° reflector 8 is installed on the inner side of the reflector cover plate 5; a laser assembly 9 is arranged in the first supporting arm 2; a lens group 10 and a camera 11 are arranged in the second supporting arm 3, and the lens group 10 is located at the light entrance of the camera 11.

[0023] In order to adapt to the environment at a lower temperature and ensure the stability of monitoring, the present embodiment is provided with an electric heating ring 12 on the inner side of the window glass 7 to heat the air so that the temperature of the measured particles meets the most ideal detection temperature, which is beneficial to ensure the detection accuracy of the equipment.

[0024] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that a battery compartment 13, a control circuit board 14, a memory 15 and an RS422 communicator 16 are provided in the probe compartment 1; the battery compartment 13 and the memory 15 are electrically connected to the control circuit board 14 respectively; the RS422 communicator 16 is connected between the camera 11 and the memory 15; the battery compartment 13, the control circuit board 14 and the memory 15 are distributed along the axial direction of the probe compartment 1, and the control circuit board 14 is located between the battery compartment 13 and the memory 15. Of course, the positions of the battery compartment and the control circuit board can also be swapped, and the settings can be adjusted according to specific needs.

[0025] The memory 15 is located at one end of the camera 11, and the corresponding end of the probe compartment 1 at this end is provided with a USB interface 17, a memory power switch 18 and a Type-C interface 19 respectively connected to the memory 15. The other end of the probe compartment 1 opposite to the end where the camera 11 is located is provided with a power switch 20 connected to the battery compartment 13, a battery compartment cover 21 and a power indicator light 22; and the bottom end of the probe compartment 1 is provided with Figure 3 The external power supply interface 23 and the program read-write interface 24 are shown; Figure 3 The RS422 communication interface 25 is arranged on one side of the probe compartment 1 at the center of the fixing base 4, and the memory indicator light 26 is arranged on the Figure 4 One end of the probe compartment 1 is shown.

[0026] The laser component 9 and camera 11 involved in the airborne cloud precipitation particle measuring instrument provided in the above embodiments respectively use a narrow pulse laser component and a holographic camera, which helps to improve the monitoring accuracy and clarity, avoid the trailing image of high-speed moving particles, and realize accurate extraction of cloud precipitation particle size data.

[0027] The airborne large particle cloud measuring instrument is mounted on a drone or other aircraft with a flight control system. It will fly to the area to be tested to monitor air particles and store data. After that, the data will be copied to a dedicated computer and dedicated software will be used to calculate the number, concentration and particle size of particles in the sampling airspace.

Claims

1. An airborne cloud precipitation particle measuring instrument, comprising a probe cabin (1) having an elliptical cross-section, characterized in that: The top end of the probe chamber (1) is located on a side of the major axis of the ellipse perpendicular to the cross section, and two first support arms (2) and second support arms (3) arranged opposite to each other are fixed to the top end, and a fixing seat (4) is arranged on a side surface perpendicular to the minor axis of the ellipse of the cross section of the probe chamber (1); The outer wall of the free end of the first support arm (2) and the second support arm (3) away from the probe chamber (1) is provided with a reflector cover plate (5) inclined inwardly at an angle of 45°, a viewing window is provided between the top of the inner wall of the free end and the top outer edge of the reflector cover plate (5), and a viewing window glass (7) is fixed to the viewing window by a viewing window glass pressing ring (6); A 45° reflector (8) is installed on the inner side of the reflector cover plate (5); An optical device assembly (9) is arranged in the first supporting arm (2); A lens group (10) and a camera (11) are arranged inside the second supporting arm (3), and the lens group (10) is located at the light entrance of the camera (11).

2. The airborne cloud precipitation particle measuring instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: An electric heating ring (12) is arranged on the inner side of the window glass (7).

3. The airborne cloud precipitation particle measuring instrument according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The probe compartment (1) is provided with a battery compartment (13), a control circuit board (14), a memory (15) and an RS422 communicator (16); The battery compartment (13) and the memory (15) are electrically connected to the control circuit board (14) respectively; The RS422 communicator (16) is connected between the camera (11) and the memory (15); The battery compartment (13), the control circuit board (14) and the memory (15) are distributed along the axial direction of the probe compartment (1), and the control circuit board (14) is located between the battery compartment (13) and the memory (15).

4. The airborne cloud precipitation particle measuring instrument according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The memory (15) is located at one end of the camera (11), and the corresponding end of the probe compartment (1) at this end is provided with a USB interface (17), a memory power switch (18) and a Type-C interface (19) respectively connected to the memory (15).

5. The airborne cloud precipitation particle measuring instrument according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The other end of the probe compartment (1) opposite to the one end is provided with a power switch (20) connected to the battery compartment (13), a battery compartment cover (21) and a power indicator light (22); The bottom end of the probe compartment (1) is provided with an external power supply interface (23) and a program read-write interface (24); An RS422 communicator interface (25) is provided on one side surface of the probe cabin (1) located at the center of the fixing seat (4).

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