System and method for testing fire extinguishing concentration of various fire extinguishing agents

Abstract

The invention provides a system and a method for testing the fire extinguishing concentration of various fire extinguishing agents, and belongs to the field of fire extinguishing effect testing of fire extinguishing agents, the testing method comprises the following steps: determining the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required when each fire extinguishing agent is independently applied through the fire extinguishing concentration testing system; the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required by the combined application of each fire extinguishing agent is determined through a fire extinguishing concentration testing system; comparing the collaboration factor with a collaboration threshold value; if the collaborative factor is larger than a collaborative threshold value, it is judged that the collaborative fire extinguishing effects of the multiple types of fire extinguishing agents are mutual inhibition; and if the cooperation factor is smaller than the cooperation threshold value, it is judged that the cooperation fire extinguishing effects of the multiple kinds of fire extinguishing agents are mutually promoted. The method provided by the invention can be used for developing and evaluating the efficient fire extinguishing agent and evaluating the combined use effect of various fire extinguishing agents.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing effect testing, and in particular to a fire extinguishing concentration testing system for multiple types of fire extinguishing agents, a fire extinguishing concentration testing method for multiple types of fire extinguishing agents, and a coordinated fire extinguishing effect testing method for multiple types of fire extinguishing agents. Background Art

[0002] With the development of various technologies, many new fire conditions have emerged. For example, containerized lithium battery energy storage systems can be used for power generation, transmission, and consumption, and have the effects of peak clipping and valley compensation to enhance power quality and power supply reliability. However, energy storage battery fires are different from any other fires. During the battery combustion process, a mixed fire of gas fires (Class C fires), liquid fires (Class B fires), and solid fires (Class A fires) is formed. It is difficult to extinguish a fire, and often requires the combined use of various fire extinguishing agents to increase the fire extinguishing effect.

[0003] In order to guide the selection of combined fire extinguishing agents, it is necessary to quantitatively evaluate the fire extinguishing ability of the fire extinguishing agents before and after the combined use. However, in the prior art, the fire extinguishing effect detection methods of various fire extinguishing agents are not unified. Gas fire extinguishing agents mostly use cup burners to measure the critical fire extinguishing concentration, and fine water mist fire extinguishing agents and dry powder fire extinguishing agents mostly measure the fire extinguishing time and amount of fixed-size wood piles and oil pan fires. When it comes to comparing different types of fire extinguishing agents, it is often lacking in persuasiveness due to the inconsistency of experimental systems and flame scales. Moreover, on the one hand, the existing combined effect detection system is applicable to a limited number of fire extinguishing agents. On the other hand, it is mostly tested on oil pan fires in open spaces. It is impossible to give from the perspective of critical fire extinguishing concentration whether the combination can enhance the fire extinguishing effect of each other, and the degree of quantifiable comparison of the mutual enhancement.

[0004] For example, a Chinese patent document with a publication date of October 11, 2022 and a publication number of CN111013052A proposed a test platform and test method for the mutual influence mechanism of the combined use of dry powder and foam, and tested the time and amount of fire extinguishing agent required to extinguish the oil pan fire before and after the combined use of dry powder and foam. However, the system only involves the combined use of two types of fire extinguishing agents, and fails to provide quantitative indicators from the perspective of critical fire extinguishing concentration. Very similarly, a Chinese patent document with a publication date of October 11, 2022 and a publication number of CN115154967A proposed a test platform and test method for the combined use of dry powder and water spray to extinguish transformer oil fire, but did not involve the evaluation of the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of the combined fire extinguishing agents. A Chinese patent document with a publication date of February 9, 2021 and publication number CN112345688A proposes a fire extinguishing effectiveness testing device and method for ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agents, but it only involves an evaluation method for ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agents and cannot be used to evaluate the synergistic fire extinguishing effects of multiple fire extinguishing agents.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a unified quantitative evaluation method applicable to different types of fire extinguishing agents. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the technical problem that the prior art cannot quantitatively evaluate the synergistic fire extinguishing effects of different types of fire extinguishing agents, the present invention provides a fire extinguishing concentration testing system for multiple types of fire extinguishing agents. The testing system can test the critical fire extinguishing concentration when multiple fire extinguishing agents are used in combination, and then calculate the synergistic factor through the critical fire extinguishing concentration to achieve quantitative evaluation of the synergistic fire extinguishing effect.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present invention provides a fire extinguishing concentration test system for multiple types of fire extinguishing agents, the test system comprising: a fire simulation unit, a mixing unit, an air supply unit, a fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem and a data acquisition unit; the fire simulation unit is used to simulate a fire with a predetermined flame height; the fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem is connected to the mixing unit, and the fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem comprises at least two of a first gas fire extinguishing unit, a second gas fire extinguishing unit, a dry powder fire extinguishing unit and a water spray fire extinguishing unit; the first gas fire extinguishing unit, the second gas fire extinguishing unit, the dry powder fire extinguishing unit and the water spray fire extinguishing unit are arranged in parallel; the mixing unit is arranged below the chimney, and is used to evenly mix compressed air and at least one fire extinguishing agent output by the fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem to form a mixed gas; the air supply unit is connected to the fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem, and is used to provide compressed air to carry at least one fire extinguishing agent output by the fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem; the data acquisition unit comprises a flame temperature acquisition module and a mixed gas temperature acquisition module, the flame temperature acquisition module is used to measure the flame temperature, and the mixed gas temperature acquisition module is used to measure the mixed gas temperature.

[0008] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the fire simulation unit may include a combustion cup, a fuel gas cylinder, a first pressure reducing valve and a chimney, the fuel gas cylinder delivers a predetermined flow of gas to the combustion cup through the first pressure reducing valve, the combustion cup is arranged inside the chimney, and the combustion cup is used to simulate a fire with a predetermined flame height.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first gas fire extinguishing unit can be used to transport a gas fire extinguishing agent that is liquid at room temperature to a mixing unit, and an insulation layer is provided on the connecting pipeline between the first gas fire extinguishing unit and the mixing unit; the second gas fire extinguishing unit can be used to transport a gas fire extinguishing agent that is gaseous at room temperature to the mixing unit; the dry powder fire extinguishing unit can be used to transport a dry powder fire extinguishing agent to the mixing unit; and the water spray fire extinguishing unit can be used to transport a water spray fire extinguishing agent to the mixing unit.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the mixing unit may be arranged below the chimney, the flame temperature collection module may be arranged above the combustion cup, and the mixed gas temperature collection module may be arranged in the middle of the chimney.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first gas fire extinguishing unit may include a fire extinguishing agent container, a liquid pump and a mixing heater, the air supply unit may include an air compressor and a first gas flow controller, and the second gas fire extinguishing unit may include a fire extinguishing agent cylinder, a second pressure reducing valve and a second gas flow controller; the fire extinguishing agent container is connected to the mixing heater through the liquid pump, and the air compressor is connected to the mixing heater through the first gas flow controller; the fire extinguishing agent cylinder is connected to the mixing heater through the second pressure reducing valve and the second gas flow controller; the mixing heater is used to mix and heat the gas fire extinguishing agent in liquid and / or gaseous state at room temperature with compressed air.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the dry powder fire extinguishing unit may include a screw feeder, a vibrator and a feeding channel, the screw feeder is used to feed the dry powder fire extinguishing agent into the feeding channel, and the vibrator is arranged below the screw feeder to compact the powder.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the dry powder fire extinguishing unit may include a fluidized bed and a rectifying orifice plate, wherein the dry powder fire extinguishing agent is placed in the fluidized bed, the bottom of the fluidized bed is connected to the air supply unit, the top of the fluidized bed is connected to the mixing unit, and the rectifying orifice plate is arranged in the fluidized bed.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the water spray fire extinguishing unit may include an ultrasonic atomizer, the inlet of the ultrasonic atomizer is connected to the air supply unit, the outlet of the ultrasonic atomizer is connected to the mixing unit, the ultrasonic atomizer includes a liquid pool and an ultrasonic atomization module, the liquid pool contains pure water or an aqueous solution of a fire extinguishing enhancer, and the ultrasonic atomization module is placed at the bottom of the pool for adjusting the amount of water mist supplied.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an exhaust gas treatment unit may be provided on the top of the fire simulation unit.

[0016] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for testing the fire extinguishing concentration of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents, which is implemented through the above-mentioned fire extinguishing concentration testing system, and the fire extinguishing concentration testing method includes: turning on the air supply unit and adjusting the compressed air flow; turning on the fire simulation unit and generating a flame of a predetermined flame height by adjusting the gas flow; turning on the fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem, providing at least one fire extinguishing agent to the fire simulation unit according to the set fire extinguishing strategy, and continuously increasing the fire extinguishing agent concentration by a predetermined increase amplitude until the flame is extinguished; after the fire extinguishing is completed, obtaining the air mass flow rate, the mass flow rate of each fire extinguishing agent and the mixed gas temperature; based on the mixed gas temperature, determining the volume flow rate of each fire extinguishing agent and the air volume flow rate; based on the volume flow rate of each fire extinguishing agent and the air volume flow rate, determining the critical fire extinguishing volume concentration; repeating the above process to determine the average value of the critical fire extinguishing volume concentration.

[0017] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the fire extinguishing concentration testing method may further include: determining a critical fire extinguishing mass concentration based on a mass flow rate of each fire extinguishing agent, a volume flow rate of each fire extinguishing agent, and an air volume flow rate.

[0018] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the fire extinguishing concentration testing method may also include: during the fire extinguishing process, measuring the flame temperature at different heights above the combustion cup when different concentrations of fire extinguishing agents are applied, and plotting the flame temperature at different heights as a function of the concentration of each fire extinguishing agent to evaluate the cooling effect of each fire extinguishing agent.

[0019] The third aspect of the present invention provides a method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents, and the synergistic fire extinguishing effect testing method includes: determining the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required for each fire extinguishing agent when applied alone by the above-mentioned fire extinguishing concentration testing method; determining the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required for each fire extinguishing agent when applied in combination by the above-mentioned fire extinguishing concentration testing method; determining a synergistic factor based on the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required for each fire extinguishing agent when applied alone and the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required for each fire extinguishing agent when applied in combination; based on the synergistic factor, evaluating the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents.

[0020] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the evaluation of the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents based on the synergistic factor may include: comparing the synergistic factor with the synergistic threshold; if the synergistic factor is greater than the synergistic threshold, determining that the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of the multiple types of fire extinguishing agents is mutually inhibiting; if the synergistic factor is less than the synergistic threshold, determining that the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of the multiple types of fire extinguishing agents is mutually promoting.

[0021] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the calculation formula of the synergy factor may be:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, δ is the synergistic factor; α m10 is the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the first extinguishing agent when applied alone; α m20 is the critical extinguishing mass concentration of the second extinguishing agent when applied alone; α mn0 is the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the nth extinguishing agent when applied alone; α m11 is the critical extinguishing mass concentration of the first extinguishing agent required when applied in combination; α m21 is the critical extinguishing mass concentration of the second extinguishing agent required when applied in combination; α mn1 It is the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required when the nth fire extinguishing agent is applied in combination.

[0024] Through the technical solution provided by the present invention, the present invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0025] (1) The test system of the present invention can detect the critical fire extinguishing concentrations of gas, dry powder, and fine water mist fire extinguishing agents when used alone or in combination, thus achieving a unified quantitative evaluation of different types of fire extinguishing agents;

[0026] (2) The present invention calculates the synergy factor by using the critical fire extinguishing concentration, thereby realizing the quantitative evaluation of the synergistic fire extinguishing effect when different types of fire extinguishing agents are used in combination;

[0027] (3) The present invention can quantitatively evaluate the coordinated fire-fighting capabilities between any two or three categories;

[0028] (4) The present invention can be used for the development and evaluation of high-efficiency fire extinguishing agents, as well as the evaluation of the effects of the combined use of multiple fire extinguishing agents, and is of great significance for the development and application of new fire extinguishing agents.

[0029] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific implementations, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a system for testing the fire extinguishing concentration of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another supply method of a dry powder fire extinguishing unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3A schematic diagram of a supply method of a water spray fire extinguishing unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Description of Reference Numerals

[0035] 1- fuel gas cylinder, 2- first pressure reducing valve, 3- rotor flowmeter, 4- combustion cup, 5- chimney, 6- mixer, 7- base, 8- exhaust hood, 9- first thermocouple, 10- second thermocouple, 11- third thermocouple, 12- data acquisition device, 13- honeycomb tube, 14- flange, 15- feed screw, 16- powder bin, 17- stepper motor, 18- vibrator, 19- second valve, 20- ultrasonic atomizer, 21- second precision electronic scale, 22 - the third valve, 23 - a mixing heater, 24 - a fourth thermocouple, 25 - a temperature controller, 26 - a first gas flow controller, 27 - a first valve, 28 - an air compressor, 29 - a peristaltic pump, 30 - a fire extinguishing agent container, 31 - a first precision electronic scale, 32 - a second gas flow controller, 33 - a second pressure reducing valve, 34 - a fire extinguishing agent cylinder, 35 - a fluidized bed, 36 - a rectifying orifice plate, 37 - a fourth valve, 38 - a liquid pool, 39 - an ultrasonic atomization module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the embodiment of the present invention, and is not used to limit the embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0038] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the directional words used, such as "upper, lower, top, bottom", are usually used to describe the relative positional relationship of the components in terms of the directions shown in the drawings or in terms of the vertical, perpendicular or gravity directions. "First", "second", etc. are only used for the convenience of description and distinction, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection; it can be a wired connection, or a wireless connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] The inventors have found through research that the critical fire extinguishing concentration is an important parameter for measuring the performance of fire extinguishing agents. The critical fire extinguishing concentration of fire extinguishing agents can evaluate the fire extinguishing effect of fire extinguishing media from a quantitative perspective, and has important guiding significance for the design and evaluation of fire extinguishing systems. In order to guide the selection of combined fire extinguishing agents, the present invention provides a fire extinguishing concentration test system for multiple types of fire extinguishing agents on the one hand. The test system can detect the critical fire extinguishing concentrations of multiple fire extinguishing agents (gas, dry powder, fine water mist), solving the problem that the existing combined effect detection system is limited in the types of fire extinguishing agents applicable. On the other hand, the present invention defines a synergistic factor based on the critical fire extinguishing concentration. By using the synergistic factor, it is possible to quantitatively measure the degree of mutual promotion when the above-mentioned fire extinguishing agents are used in combination.

[0041] It should be noted that the critical fire extinguishing concentration refers to the minimum concentration of the fire extinguishing agent in the air. At this concentration, the mixture of air and fire extinguishing medium cannot sustain the combustion of combustibles.

[0042] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0043] Embodiment 1

[0044] The first embodiment of the present invention provides a fire extinguishing concentration test system for various types of fire extinguishing agents. The test system includes: a fire simulation unit, a mixing unit, an air supply unit, a fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem and a data acquisition unit.

[0045] The fire simulation unit includes a combustion cup, a fuel gas cylinder, a first pressure reducing valve and a chimney. The fuel gas cylinder delivers a predetermined flow of gas to the combustion cup through the first pressure reducing valve. The combustion cup is arranged inside the chimney and is used to simulate a fire with a predetermined flame height.

[0046] The fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem is connected to the mixing unit, and the fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem includes at least two of the first gas fire extinguishing unit, the second gas fire extinguishing unit, the dry powder fire extinguishing unit and the water spray fire extinguishing unit. In addition, the first gas fire extinguishing unit, the second gas fire extinguishing unit, the dry powder fire extinguishing unit and the water spray fire extinguishing unit are arranged in parallel. Among them, the first gas fire extinguishing unit is used to transport the gas fire extinguishing agent that is liquid at room temperature to the mixing unit. In addition, an insulation layer can be provided on the connecting pipeline between the first gas fire extinguishing unit and the mixing unit to ensure that after the liquid fire extinguishing agent is heated to gas, it can maintain the gas form and reach the fire simulation unit through the mixing unit for extinguishing. The second gas fire extinguishing unit is used to transport the gas fire extinguishing agent that is gaseous at room temperature to the mixing unit. The dry powder fire extinguishing unit is used to transport the dry powder fire extinguishing agent to the mixing unit. The water spray fire extinguishing unit is used to transport the water spray fire extinguishing agent to the mixing unit.

[0047] The mixing unit is arranged below the chimney and is used for uniformly mixing the compressed air and at least one fire extinguishing agent outputted by the fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem to form a mixed gas.

[0048] The air supply unit is connected to the fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem and is used to provide compressed air to carry at least one fire extinguishing agent output by the fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem.

[0049] The data acquisition unit includes a flame temperature acquisition module and a mixed gas temperature acquisition module. The flame temperature acquisition module is arranged above the combustion cup to monitor the temperature change of the flame. Multiple flame temperature acquisition modules can be arranged, which are respectively located at different heights above the combustion cup to monitor the temperature change of the flame at different heights. The mixed gas temperature acquisition module is arranged in the middle of the chimney to monitor the temperature change of the mixed gas.

[0050] Further, in this embodiment, the first gas fire extinguishing unit may include a fire extinguishing agent container, a liquid pump and a mixing heater; the air supply unit may include an air compressor and a first gas flow controller; the second gas fire extinguishing unit may include a fire extinguishing agent cylinder, a second pressure reducing valve and a second gas flow controller.

[0051] The fire extinguishing agent container is connected to the mixing heater through a liquid pump, and the air compressor is connected to the mixing heater through a first gas flow controller. The fire extinguishing agent cylinder is connected to the mixing heater through a second pressure reducing valve and a second gas flow controller. The mixing heater is used to mix and heat the gaseous fire extinguishing agent in liquid and / or gaseous state at room temperature with compressed air. The first gas flow controller is used to adjust the air flow, and the second gas flow controller is used to adjust the flow of the gaseous fire extinguishing agent.

[0052] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the dry powder fire extinguishing unit may include a screw feeder, a vibrator and a feeding channel, the screw feeder is used to feed the dry powder fire extinguishing agent into the feeding channel, and the vibrator is arranged below the screw feeder to vibrate the powder.

[0053] Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto, and other powder supply structures may also be applicable to the dry powder fire extinguishing unit of the present invention, as long as the dry powder fire extinguishing unit can meet the transportation requirements of the solid fire extinguishing agent.

[0054] For example, the dry powder fire extinguishing unit may also include a fluidized bed and a rectifying orifice plate, wherein the dry powder fire extinguishing agent is placed in the fluidized bed, the bottom of the fluidized bed is connected to the air supply unit, the top of the fluidized bed is connected to the mixing unit, and the rectifying orifice plate is arranged in the fluidized bed. The dry powder fire extinguishing agent can enter the mixing unit from the fluidized bed under the influence of compressed air.

[0055] Further, in this embodiment, the water spray fire extinguishing unit may include an ultrasonic atomizer. The inlet of the ultrasonic atomizer is connected to the air supply unit, and the outlet of the ultrasonic atomizer is connected to the mixing unit. The ultrasonic atomizer includes a liquid pool and an ultrasonic atomization module. The liquid pool contains pure water or an aqueous solution of a fire extinguishing enhancer. The ultrasonic atomization module is placed at the bottom of the pool and is used to adjust the amount of water mist supplied.

[0056] Furthermore, in this embodiment, an exhaust gas treatment unit may be provided on the top of the fire simulation unit to treat the exhaust gas.

[0057] In order to better understand the above exemplary embodiments of the present invention, they are further described below in conjunction with specific examples and drawings.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 1 A multi-type fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing concentration test system consists of a fire simulation unit, a mixing unit, an air supply unit, a fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem, a data acquisition unit and an exhaust gas treatment unit.

[0059] The fire simulation unit includes a fuel gas cylinder 1, a first pressure reducing valve 2, a rotor flowmeter 3, a combustion cup 4 and a chimney 5. The fuel gas cylinder 1 is connected to the combustion cup 4 through the first pressure reducing valve 2 and the rotor flowmeter 3 to form a connecting pipeline of the fire simulation unit. By controlling the first pressure reducing valve 2 and the rotor flowmeter 3, the purpose of regulating the fuel flow can be achieved. The combustion cup 4 is placed in a cylindrical chimney 5, and the chimney 5 is made of glass and can be used to observe the flame situation. Refractory glass beads are placed in the combustion cup 4 to achieve a stable combustion effect. The concentration of the fire extinguishing agent is slowly increased until the flame is extinguished. The concentration of the fire extinguishing agent at this time is the critical fire extinguishing concentration measured.

[0060] The mixing unit includes a mixer 6, a base 7 and a honeycomb tube 13. The mixer 6 is arranged below the chimney 5 and connected to the chimney 5. The base 7 is arranged at the bottom of the mixer 6, and a honeycomb tube 13 is arranged inside the mixer 6. After the mixture of the fire extinguishing agent and the air enters the mixer from the bottom of the mixer, the purpose of uniform gas is achieved through the honeycomb tube.

[0061] The exhaust gas treatment unit includes a smoke exhaust hood 8, which is arranged above the chimney 5. The mixture of fire extinguishing agent and air flows through the combustion cup from the bottom of the mixer, and the smoke formed after combustion in the combustion cup can be discharged to the exhaust gas treatment device through the smoke exhaust hood.

[0062] The data acquisition unit is connected to the fire simulation unit, and the data acquisition unit includes a first thermocouple 9, a second thermocouple 10, a third thermocouple 11 and a data acquisition device 12. The first thermocouple 9 is arranged in the middle of the chimney 5 to measure the temperature of the mixed gas; the second thermocouple 10 and the third thermocouple 11 are arranged at different heights above the combustion cup 4 to measure the temperature of the flame. The first thermocouple, the second thermocouple and the third thermocouple are all K-type thermocouples. Combined with the mixed gas temperature T1 measured by the first thermocouple, the mass flow rate of each component of the mixed gas can be converted into a volume flow rate. Combined with the flame temperatures T2 and T3 measured by the second thermocouple and the third thermocouple, it can be used to detect the cooling effect of the fire extinguishing agent. The data acquisition device 12 is used to record the data of each thermocouple and the gas flow controller.

[0063] The air supply unit is connected to the fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem, and the air supply unit includes an air compressor 28,

[0064] A first valve 27 and a first gas flow controller 26 .

[0065] The fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem includes a flange 14, a feeding screw 15, a powder bin 16, a stepping motor 17, a vibrator 18, a second valve 19, an ultrasonic atomizer 20, a second precision electronic scale 21, a third valve 22, a mixing heater 23, a fourth thermocouple 24, a temperature controller 25, a peristaltic pump 29, a fire extinguishing agent container 30, a first precision electronic scale 31, a second gas flow controller 32, a second pressure reducing valve 33 and a fire extinguishing agent cylinder 34.

[0066] Among them, the feeding screw 15, the powder bin 16 and the stepper motor 17 constitute a screw feeder, and the flange 14, the screw feeder and the vibrator 18 constitute a dry powder fire extinguishing unit. The screw feeder is used to feed the dry powder fire extinguishing agent into the feeding channel, and the flange 14 is arranged on the feeding channel to open or close the dry powder fire extinguishing unit. The vibrator 18 is arranged below the screw feeder to vibrate the powder.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 2 The dry powder fire extinguishing unit can also be composed of a fluidized bed 35, a rectifying orifice plate 36 and a fourth valve 37. The bottom of the fluidized bed 35 is connected to the air compressor 28 through the first valve 27, and the top of the fluidized bed 35 is connected to the mixing unit through the fourth valve 37. The rectifying orifice plate 36 is arranged inside the fluidized bed 35 for throttling.

[0068] The ultrasonic atomizer 20, the second precision electronic scale 21 and the third valve 22 form a water spray fire extinguishing unit. The third valve 22 is arranged on the connecting pipe between the water spray fire extinguishing unit and the air supply unit, and is used to open or close the water spray fire extinguishing unit. The ultrasonic atomizer 20 is placed on the second precision electronic scale 21, and the second precision electronic scale is used to measure the water spray mass reduction rate. Please refer to Figure 3The inlet of the ultrasonic atomizer is connected to the air supply unit, and the outlet of the ultrasonic atomizer is connected to the mixing unit. The ultrasonic atomizer consists of a liquid pool 38 and an ultrasonic atomization module 39. The liquid pool 38 contains pure water or an aqueous solution of a fire extinguishing enhancer. The ultrasonic atomization module 39 with adjustable power is placed at the bottom of the pool to adjust the mass flow rate of the water mist. The fine water mist generated is carried by compressed air to the mixer.

[0069] The second valve 19, the mixing heater 23, the fourth thermocouple 24, the temperature controller 25, the peristaltic pump 29, the fire extinguishing agent container 30 and the first precision electronic scale 31 constitute a first gas fire extinguishing unit; the second valve 19, the mixing heater 23, the fourth thermocouple 24, the temperature controller 25, the second gas flow controller 32, the second pressure reducing valve 33 and the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 34 constitute a second gas fire extinguishing unit.

[0070] The second valve 19 is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the first gas fire extinguishing unit, the second gas fire extinguishing unit and the air supply unit, and is used to open or close the first gas fire extinguishing unit and / or the second gas fire extinguishing unit. The mixing heater 23 is used to mix and heat the gas fire extinguishing agent in liquid and / or gaseous state at room temperature with compressed air. The fourth thermocouple 24 is arranged in the mixing heater 23, and the temperature controller 25 is connected to the fourth thermocouple 24. The fourth thermocouple 24 and the temperature controller 25 together form a PID system for controlling the outlet temperature of the mixing heater. The air compressor 28 is connected to the mixing heater 23 through the first valve 27 and the first gas flow controller 26; the fire extinguishing agent container 30 is connected to the mixing heater 23 through the peristaltic pump 29; the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 34 is connected to the mixing heater 23 through the second pressure reducing valve 33 and the second gas flow controller 32. The first precision electronic scale 31 is used to place the fire extinguishing agent container 30 to monitor the mass change of the liquid gas fire extinguishing agent. The second gas flow controller 32 is used to control the mass flow of the gaseous fire extinguishing agent. The first gas flow controller 26 is used to control the mass flow of compressed air.

[0071] The following introduces the corresponding supply methods for different types of fire extinguishing agents.

[0072] When the fire extinguishing agent is a gaseous fire extinguishing agent and is in gaseous state at room temperature (such as heptafluoropropane), gas cylinders are used for gas supply, and the gaseous fire extinguishing agent enters the mixing heater through the second pressure reducing valve and the second gas flow controller; the air is provided by the air compressor, enters the mixing heater through the first valve and the first gas flow controller to mix and heat with the fire extinguishing agent, and the outlet temperature of the mixing heater is controlled by the PID system composed of the temperature controller and the fourth thermocouple. The mixed gas enters the mixer below the chimney from the bottom, and a honeycomb tube is installed in the mixer to make the gas uniform. At this time, the second valve is opened, the third valve is closed, the peristaltic pump is closed, and a blind plate is added to the flange.

[0073] When the fire extinguishing agent is a gaseous fire extinguishing agent and is liquid at room temperature (such as perfluorohexanone), a peristaltic pump is used to supply the liquid, which enters the mixing heater and evaporates completely. Before testing, the linear relationship between the peristaltic pump speed and the mass flow rate of the liquid fire extinguishing agent is calibrated in advance. During testing, the fire extinguishing agent flow rate is adjusted by adjusting and recording the peristaltic pump speed. After that, the system is the same as above. At this time, the second valve is opened, the third valve is closed, the second pressure reducing valve is closed, and a blind plate is added to the flange.

[0074] When the fire extinguishing agent is fine water mist, an ultrasonic atomizer is used to supply water mist. The ultrasonic atomizer is equipped with a liquid storage tank, which contains pure water or an aqueous solution with some fire extinguishing enhancers added. The ultrasonic atomization module is placed at the bottom of the tank. The water mist supply is adjusted by adjusting the power of the atomization module. The atomizer is equipped with a compressed air inlet and a mixed gas outlet, and the fine water mist is carried by the air into the bottom of the mixer. A second precision electronic scale is set under the ultrasonic atomizer to measure the mass flow rate of the water mist at different powers through the mass drop rate. The system is the same as above. At this time, the first valve is opened, the third valve is opened, the second valve is closed, the second pressure reducing valve is closed, the peristaltic pump is closed, and a blind plate is added to the flange.

[0075] When the fire extinguishing agent is a dry powder fire extinguishing agent, a screw feeder is used to supply the fire extinguishing powder. The fire extinguishing agent is placed in the powder bin, and the stepper motor drives the feeding screw. To ensure that the powder evenly fills the thread space, a vibrator is set below to compact the powder. Before the test, the linear relationship between the stepper motor speed and the feeding rate is calibrated in advance. During the test, the fire extinguishing agent flow rate is adjusted by adjusting and recording the stepper motor speed. The dry powder is carried by the air flow from bottom to top and enters the bottom of the mixer. Thereafter, the system is the same as above. At this time, the first valve is opened, the second valve is opened, the third valve is closed, the second pressure reducing valve is closed, and the peristaltic pump is closed.

[0076] When the fire extinguishing agent is a dry powder fire extinguishing agent, another powder supply method is: solid fire extinguishing agent powder is placed at the bottom of the fluidized bed device, and compressed air is injected through the bottom to drive the fire extinguishing powder, which enters the gas pipeline at the bottom of the mixer after rectification by the orifice plate. This method can avoid frequent disassembly of the flange blind plate, and the fourth valve can be used to control whether the dry powder fire extinguishing unit is put into use. Before testing, it is necessary to calibrate the powder mass flow rate that can be carried by compressed air of different flow rates. During testing, the concentration of the fire extinguishing powder is adjusted by the first gas flow controller.

[0077] Embodiment 2

[0078] The second embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing the fire extinguishing concentration of a gaseous fire extinguishing agent. Taking a gaseous fire extinguishing agent (gas at room temperature) as an example, the process of testing the critical fire extinguishing concentration of the gaseous fire extinguishing agent using the test system in the first embodiment is as follows.

[0079] Step A1, turn on the exhaust hood and the exhaust gas treatment device, and turn on the data acquisition unit.

[0080] Step A2: Turn on the air supply unit and adjust the compressed air flow rate.

[0081] Specifically, add a blind plate to the flange of the dry powder fire extinguishing unit. Turn on the air compressor, open the first valve and the second valve, and keep the other valves closed. Use the first gas flow controller to adjust the air flow to about 40L / min, and record the controller reading q ma (g / min).

[0082] Step A3: Turn on the fire simulation unit and generate a flame of a predetermined flame height by adjusting the gas flow rate.

[0083] Specifically, open the fuel gas cylinder (propane), open the first pressure reducing valve, slightly open the rotor flowmeter, ignite, use the rotor flowmeter to adjust the flame height to 8cm, and record the flowmeter reading q mr (g / min).

[0084] Step A4: Observe the flame stability and maintain stable combustion for 60 seconds.

[0085] Step A5, open the fire extinguishing agent cylinder, open the second pressure reducing valve, adjust the second gas flow controller to a minimum value, wait for 30 seconds, observe whether the flame is extinguished, and record the second thermocouple reading T2 and the third thermocouple reading T3 at the flow rate.

[0086] Step A6: Increase the flow rate of the fire extinguishing agent slightly, making sure that the increase is less than 3% of the current value, wait for 30 seconds, observe whether the flame is extinguished, and record the second thermocouple reading T2 and the third thermocouple reading T3 at this flow rate.

[0087] Step A7, repeat the above process until the flame goes out, and record the reading q of the second gas flow controller at this time. mq (g / min) and the first thermocouple reading T1.

[0088] Step A8: Calculate the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the gaseous fire extinguishing agent vq (%) and critical fire extinguishing mass concentration α mq (g / m 3 ).

[0089] Exemplarily, the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the gaseous fire extinguishing agent is calculated as vq (%) and critical fire extinguishing mass concentration α mq (g / m 3 ) process is as follows:

[0090] (a) Using equations (1) and (2), calculate the air volume flow rate q va , using equations (3) and (4) to calculate the volume flow rate q of the gaseous fire extinguishing agentvq .

[0091]

[0092] ρ a =f(T1,p0) (2)

[0093]

[0094] ρ q =f(T1,p0) (4)

[0095] In the formula, q va is the air volume flow rate; q ma is the air mass flow rate; ρ a is the air density; T1 is the reading of the first thermocouple; p0 is the atmospheric pressure; q vq is the volume flow rate of gaseous fire extinguishing agent; q mq is the mass flow rate of gaseous fire extinguishing agent; ρ q is the density of gaseous fire extinguishing agent.

[0096] (b) Calculate the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the gaseous fire extinguishing agent using formula (5): v .

[0097]

[0098] In the formula, α vq is the critical extinguishing volume concentration of gaseous fire extinguishing agent; q vq is the volume flow rate of gaseous fire extinguishing agent; q va is the air volume flow rate.

[0099] (c) Calculate the critical extinguishing mass concentration α of the gaseous fire extinguishing agent using formula (6): mq .

[0100]

[0101] In the formula, α mq is the critical extinguishing mass concentration of gaseous fire extinguishing agent; q mq is the mass flow rate of gaseous fire extinguishing agent; q vq is the volume flow rate of gaseous fire extinguishing agent; q va is the air volume flow rate.

[0102] Step A9, plotting the variation of T2 and T3 with the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent to evaluate the cooling effect of the gaseous fire extinguishing agent.

[0103] Step A10: Take an average value after multiple measurements.

[0104] Embodiment 3

[0105] The third embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing the fire extinguishing concentration of a liquid fire extinguishing agent. Taking a liquid gas fire extinguishing agent (liquid at room temperature) as an example, the process of testing the critical fire extinguishing concentration of the liquid gas fire extinguishing agent using the test system in the first embodiment is as follows.

[0106] Step B1: Calibrate the peristaltic pump before testing y Speed ​​is the same as the mass flow rate of fire extinguishing agent q my relationship.

[0107] Step B2: Same as steps A1 to A4 of the second embodiment, obtain the air mass flow rate q ma (g / min) and fuel mass flow rate q mr (g / min).

[0108] Step B3, start the peristaltic pump, adjust the peristaltic pump speed to a minimum value, adjust the outlet temperature T4 of the mixing heater to 70°C (greater than the vaporization temperature of the liquid fire extinguishing agent), wait for 30 seconds, observe whether the flame is extinguished, and record the second thermocouple reading T2 and the third thermocouple reading T3 at this flow rate.

[0109] Step B4, slightly increase the speed of the peristaltic pump, making sure that the increase is less than 3% of the current value, wait for 30 seconds, observe whether the flame is extinguished, and record the second thermocouple reading T2 and the third thermocouple reading T3 at this flow rate.

[0110] Step B5: Repeat the above process until the flame goes out, and record the peristaltic pump speed n at this time. y And the first thermocouple reading T1.

[0111] Step B6: Calculate the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the liquid gas fire extinguishing agent vy (%) and critical fire extinguishing mass concentration α my (g / m 3 ).

[0112] Exemplarily, the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the liquid gas extinguishing agent is calculated as vy (%) and critical fire extinguishing mass concentration α my (g / m 3 ) process is as follows:

[0113] (a) Using equations (1) and (2), calculate the air volume flow rate q va , using equations (7) to (9) to calculate the volume flow rate q of the liquid gas fire extinguishing agent vq .

[0114] q my =f(n y ) (7)

[0115]

[0116] ρ y =f(T1,p0) (9)

[0117] In the formula, q my is the mass flow rate of liquid gas fire extinguishing agent; n y is the peristaltic pump speed; q vy is the volume flow rate of liquid gas fire extinguishing agent; ρ y is the density of liquid gas fire extinguishing agent; T1 is the reading of the first thermocouple; p0 is the atmospheric pressure.

[0118] (b) Using formula (10), the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of liquid gas fire extinguishing agent is calculated: vy .

[0119]

[0120] In the formula, α vy is the critical extinguishing volume concentration of liquid gas fire extinguishing agent; q vy is the volume flow rate of liquid gas fire extinguishing agent; q va is the air volume flow rate.

[0121] (c) Calculate the critical extinguishing mass concentration α of liquid gas fire extinguishing agent using formula (11): my .

[0122]

[0123] In the formula, α my is the critical extinguishing mass concentration of liquid gas fire extinguishing agent; q my is the mass flow rate of liquid gas fire extinguishing agent; q vy is the volume flow rate of liquid gas fire extinguishing agent; q va is the air volume flow rate.

[0124] Step B7, plotting the variation of T2 and T3 with the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent to evaluate the cooling effect of the liquid gas fire extinguishing agent.

[0125] Step B8: Take the average value after multiple measurements.

[0126] In addition, when testing a liquid fire extinguishing agent at room temperature, since the liquid fire extinguishing agent needs to be heated into gas in the mixing heater, in order to ensure that it always reaches the combustion cup in gas form for extinguishing, it is necessary to add insulation to the subsequent pipeline of the mixing heater, and it can be judged by monitoring the first thermocouple reading. If the first thermocouple reading is always greater than the vaporization temperature of the fire extinguishing agent, it is considered that the current test result is correct, otherwise, insulation should be added and retested.

[0127] Embodiment 4

[0128] The fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing the fire extinguishing concentration of a water mist fire extinguishing agent. Taking the water mist fire extinguishing agent as an example, the process of testing the critical fire extinguishing concentration of the water mist fire extinguishing agent using the test system in the first embodiment is as follows.

[0129] Step C1, turn on the exhaust hood and the exhaust gas treatment device, and turn on the data acquisition unit.

[0130] Step C2: Turn on the air supply unit and adjust the flow rate of compressed air.

[0131] Specifically, pure water or an aqueous solution containing a fire extinguishing enhancer is added to the ultrasonic atomizer, and a blind plate is added to the flange of the dry powder fire extinguishing unit. Turn on the air compressor, open the first valve and the third valve, and keep the other valves closed. Use the first gas flow controller to adjust the air flow to about 40L / min, and record the controller reading q ma (g / min).

[0132] Step C3: Turn on the fire simulation unit and generate a flame of a predetermined flame height by adjusting the gas flow rate.

[0133] Specifically, open the fuel gas cylinder (propane), open the first pressure reducing valve, slightly open the rotor flowmeter, ignite, use the rotor flowmeter to adjust the flame height to 8cm, and record the flowmeter reading q mr (g / min).

[0134] Step C4: Observe the flame stability and maintain stable combustion for 60 seconds.

[0135] Step C5, turn on the ultrasonic atomizer, adjust the power to a minimum value, use the second precision electronic scale to record the weight reduction rate, obtain the mass flow rate, wait for 30 seconds, observe whether the flame is extinguished, and record the second thermocouple reading T2 and the third thermocouple reading T3 at the flow rate.

[0136] Step C6, increase the atomizer power slightly, making sure that the increase is less than 3% of the current value, wait for 30 seconds, observe whether the flame is extinguished, and record the second thermocouple reading T2 and the third thermocouple reading T3 at the flow rate.

[0137] Step C7: Repeat the above process until the flame goes out and record the water mist mass flow rate q at this time. mw And the first thermocouple reading T1.

[0138] Step C8: Calculate the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the water mist fire extinguishing agent vw (%) and critical fire extinguishing mass concentration α mw (g / m 3 ).

[0139] For example, the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the water mist extinguishing agent is calculated as vw (%) and critical fire extinguishing mass concentration α mw (g / m 3 ) process is as follows:

[0140] (a) Using equations (1) and (2), calculate the air volume flow rate q va , using equations (12) and (13) to calculate the volume flow rate q of the water mist extinguishing agent vw .

[0141]

[0142] ρ w =f(T1,p0) (13)

[0143] In the formula, q mw is the mass flow rate of water mist fire extinguishing agent; q vw is the volume flow rate of water mist extinguishing agent; ρ w is the density of fine water mist fire extinguishing agent; T1 is the reading of the first thermocouple; p0 is the atmospheric pressure.

[0144] (b) Calculate the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of water mist fire extinguishing agent using formula (14): vw .

[0145]

[0146] In the formula, α vw is the critical extinguishing volume concentration of water mist fire extinguishing agent; q vw is the volume flow rate of water mist extinguishing agent; q va is the air volume flow rate.

[0147] (c) Calculate the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration α of water mist fire extinguishing agent using formula (15): mw .

[0148]

[0149] In the formula, α my is the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration of water mist fire extinguishing agent; q mw is the mass flow rate of water mist fire extinguishing agent; q vw is the volume flow rate of water mist extinguishing agent; q va is the air volume flow rate.

[0150] Step C9, plotting the variation of T2 and T3 with the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent to evaluate the cooling effect of the fine water mist fire extinguishing agent.

[0151] Step C10: Take an average value after multiple measurements.

[0152] Embodiment 5

[0153] The fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing the fire extinguishing concentration of a dry powder fire extinguishing agent. Taking the dry powder fire extinguishing agent as an example, the process of testing the critical fire extinguishing concentration of the dry powder fire extinguishing agent using the testing system in the first embodiment is as follows.

[0154] Step D1: Calibrate the stepper motor pump n before testing f Speed ​​is the same as the mass flow rate of fire extinguishing agent q mf relationship.

[0155] Step D2: Turn on the exhaust hood and the exhaust gas treatment device, and turn on the data acquisition unit.

[0156] Step D3: Turn on the air supply unit and adjust the compressed air flow rate.

[0157] Specifically, add the fire extinguishing powder to be tested into the powder bin and turn on the vibrator. Turn on the air compressor, open the first valve and the second valve, and keep the other valves closed. Use the first gas flow controller to adjust the air flow to about 40L / min and record the controller reading q ma (g / min).

[0158] Step D4, turning on the fire simulation unit, and generating a flame of a predetermined flame height by adjusting the gas flow rate.

[0159] Specifically, open the fuel gas cylinder (propane), open the first pressure reducing valve, slightly open the rotor flowmeter, ignite, use the rotor flowmeter to adjust the flame height to 8cm, and record the flowmeter reading q mr (g / min).

[0160] Step D5: Observe the flame stability and maintain stable combustion for 60 seconds.

[0161] Step D6, start the stepper motor, adjust the speed to a minimum value, wait for 5 minutes, so that the powder completely fills the feed channel and is evenly carried into the chimney by the air, then wait for 30 seconds to observe whether the flame is extinguished, and record the second thermocouple reading T2 and the third thermocouple reading T3 at this flow rate.

[0162] Step D7, slightly increase the speed of the stepper motor, making sure that the increase is less than 3% of the current value, wait for 30 seconds, observe whether the flame is extinguished, and record the second thermocouple reading T2 and the third thermocouple reading T3 at this flow rate.

[0163] Step D8: Repeat the above process until the flame goes out, and record the stepper motor speed n at this time. f And the first thermocouple reading T1.

[0164] Step D9: Calculate the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the dry powder fire extinguishing agentvf (%) and critical fire extinguishing mass concentration α mf (g / m 3 ).

[0165] Exemplarily, the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of the dry powder fire extinguishing agent is calculated vf (%) and critical fire extinguishing mass concentration α mf (g / m 3 ) process is as follows:

[0166] (a) Using equations (1) and (2), calculate the air volume flow rate q va , using formula (16) to calculate the volume flow rate q of dry powder fire extinguishing agent vy .

[0167]

[0168] In the formula, q mf is the mass flow rate of dry powder fire extinguishing agent; q vf is the volume flow rate of dry powder fire extinguishing agent; ρ f is the density of dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0169] (b) Calculate the critical extinguishing volume concentration α of dry powder fire extinguishing agent using formula (17): vf .

[0170]

[0171] In the formula, α vf is the critical extinguishing volume concentration of dry powder fire extinguishing agent; q vf is the volume flow rate of dry powder fire extinguishing agent; q va is the air volume flow rate.

[0172] (c) Calculate the critical extinguishing mass concentration α of dry powder fire extinguishing agent using formula (18): mf .

[0173]

[0174] In the formula, α mf is the critical extinguishing mass concentration of dry powder fire extinguishing agent; q mf is the mass flow rate of dry powder fire extinguishing agent; q vf is the volume flow rate of dry powder fire extinguishing agent; q va is the air volume flow rate.

[0175] Note: Since the volume of dry powder fire extinguishing agent is small, it should be characterized by mass concentration as much as possible. In this case, q vf The value can be 0.

[0176] Step D10, plotting the variation of T2 and T3 with the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent to evaluate the cooling effect of the dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0177] Step D11, take an average value after multiple measurements.

[0178] Embodiment 6

[0179] The sixth embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing the fire extinguishing concentration of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents, and the testing method comprises the following steps:

[0180] Referring to the test process of different types of fire extinguishing agents in the second to fifth embodiments, after a flame of a predetermined flame height is formed by the fire simulation unit, the fire extinguishing units to which several types of fire extinguishing agents belong are simultaneously turned on to test the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration α required for various fire extinguishing agents when multiple fire extinguishing agents are applied together. m11 , α m21 , …, α mn1 .

[0181] Assume that the critical extinguishing mass concentration of the first extinguishing agent required for combined application is α m11 ; The critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the second extinguishing agent when applied in combination is α m21 ; ...; The critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the i-th extinguishing agent when applied in combination is α mi1 ; ... the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the nth extinguishing agent when applied in combination is α mn1 .

[0182] The calculation formula for the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration of the i-th fire extinguishing agent required when applied in combination is as follows:

[0183]

[0184] In the formula, α mi1 is the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the i-th extinguishing agent when applied in combination; q mi1 is the mass flow rate required for the i-th extinguishing agent when applied in combination; q va is the air volume flow rate; q v11 is the volume flow rate required for the first extinguishing agent when applied in combination; q v11 is the volume flow rate of the second extinguishing agent required when it is applied in combination; q vn1 is the volume flow rate required for the nth extinguishing agent when applied in combination.

[0185] Embodiment 7

[0186] The seventh embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents, and the synergistic fire extinguishing effect testing method comprises the following steps:

[0187] Step S101: Determine the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required for each fire extinguishing agent when applied alone by the above-mentioned fire extinguishing concentration test method.

[0188] The critical fire extinguishing mass concentrations required for different types of fire extinguishing agents when applied alone can be tested according to the testing procedures for different types of fire extinguishing agents in the second to fifth embodiments.

[0189] Step S102: Determine the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required for each fire extinguishing agent when applied in combination by the fire extinguishing concentration test method described above.

[0190] The critical fire extinguishing mass concentrations required when different types of fire extinguishing agents are applied together can be tested according to the testing process of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents in the sixth embodiment.

[0191] Step S103: Evaluate the synergistic fire extinguishing effects of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents based on the synergistic factor.

[0192] The calculation formula of the synergy factor can be:

[0193]

[0194] Among them, δ is the synergistic factor; α m10 is the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the first extinguishing agent when applied alone; α m20 is the critical extinguishing mass concentration of the second extinguishing agent when applied alone; α mn0 is the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the nth extinguishing agent when applied alone; α m11 is the critical extinguishing mass concentration of the first extinguishing agent required when applied in combination; α m21 is the critical extinguishing mass concentration of the second extinguishing agent required when applied in combination; α mn1 It is the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required when the nth fire extinguishing agent is applied in combination.

[0195] Exemplarily, the process of evaluating the synergistic fire extinguishing effects of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents based on the synergistic factor includes but is not limited to the following sub-steps S1031 to S1032A (or S1031 to S1032B).

[0196] Sub-step S1031: compare the synergy factor with the synergy threshold.

[0197] Sub-step S1032A: If the synergy factor is greater than the synergy threshold, it is determined that the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of the multiple types of fire extinguishing agents is mutual inhibition.

[0198] Sub-step S1032B: if the synergy factor is less than the synergy threshold, it is determined that the synergistic fire extinguishing effects of the multiple types of fire extinguishing agents are mutually reinforcing.

[0199] For example, the synergy threshold can be set to 1. When δ is less than 1, it means that the effect of the combined use of fire extinguishing agents is mutually reinforcing, and the smaller δ is, the better the combined effect is. When δ is greater than 1, it means that the effect of the combined use of fire extinguishing agents is mutually inhibiting, and the larger δ is, the worse the combined effect is.

[0200] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0201] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0202] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-type fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing concentration test system, characterized in that: The test system comprises: a fire simulation unit, a mixing unit, an air supply unit, a fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem and a data acquisition unit; The fire simulation unit is used to simulate a fire with a predetermined flame height; The mixing unit is connected to the fire simulation unit and is used to uniformly mix the compressed air and at least one fire extinguishing agent output by the fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem to form a mixed gas; The fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem is connected to the mixing unit and includes at least two of a first gas fire extinguishing unit, a second gas fire extinguishing unit, a dry powder fire extinguishing unit and a water spray fire extinguishing unit, wherein the first gas fire extinguishing unit, the second gas fire extinguishing unit, the dry powder fire extinguishing unit and the water spray fire extinguishing unit are arranged in parallel; The air supply unit is connected to the fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem and is used to provide compressed air to carry at least one fire extinguishing agent output by the fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem; The data acquisition unit comprises a flame temperature acquisition module and a mixed gas temperature acquisition module. The flame temperature acquisition module is used to measure the flame temperature, and the mixed gas temperature acquisition module is used to measure the mixed gas temperature.

2. The multiple types of fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing concentration test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire simulation unit includes a combustion cup, a fuel gas cylinder, a first pressure reducing valve and a chimney. The fuel gas cylinder delivers a predetermined flow of gas to the combustion cup through the first pressure reducing valve. The combustion cup is arranged inside the chimney and is used to simulate a fire with a predetermined flame height.

3. The multi-type fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing concentration test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first gas fire extinguishing unit is used to transport a gas fire extinguishing agent that is liquid at room temperature to the mixing unit, and an insulation layer is provided on the connecting pipeline between the first gas fire extinguishing unit and the mixing unit; the second gas fire extinguishing unit is used to transport a gas fire extinguishing agent that is gaseous at room temperature to the mixing unit; the dry powder fire extinguishing unit is used to transport a dry powder fire extinguishing agent to the mixing unit; and the water spray fire extinguishing unit is used to transport a water spray fire extinguishing agent to the mixing unit.

4. The multi-type fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing concentration test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mixing unit is arranged below the chimney, the flame temperature collection module is arranged above the combustion cup, and the mixed gas temperature collection module is arranged in the middle of the chimney.

5. The multiple types of fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing concentration test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first gas fire extinguishing unit includes a fire extinguishing agent container, a liquid pump and a mixing heater, the air supply unit includes an air compressor and a first gas flow controller, and the second gas fire extinguishing unit includes a fire extinguishing agent cylinder, a second pressure reducing valve and a second gas flow controller; The fire extinguishing agent container is connected to the mixing heater through a liquid pump, and the air compressor is connected to the mixing heater through a first gas flow controller; The fire extinguishing agent cylinder is connected to the mixing heater through a second pressure reducing valve and a second gas flow controller; The mixing heater is used to mix and heat the gas fire extinguishing agent which is in liquid and / or gaseous state at room temperature with compressed air.

6. The multiple types of fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing concentration test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dry powder fire extinguishing unit comprises a screw feeder, a vibrator and a feeding channel. The screw feeder is used to feed the dry powder fire extinguishing agent into the feeding channel. The vibrator is arranged below the screw feeder to compact the powder.

7. The multi-type fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing concentration test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dry powder fire extinguishing unit comprises a fluidized bed and a rectifying orifice plate. The dry powder fire extinguishing agent is placed in the fluidized bed. The bottom of the fluidized bed is connected to the air supply unit, the top of the fluidized bed is connected to the mixing unit, and the rectifying orifice plate is arranged in the fluidized bed.

8. The multi-type fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing concentration test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water spray fire extinguishing unit includes an ultrasonic atomizer, the inlet of the ultrasonic atomizer is connected to the air supply unit, the outlet of the ultrasonic atomizer is connected to the mixing unit, the ultrasonic atomizer includes a liquid pool and an ultrasonic atomization module, the liquid pool contains pure water or an aqueous solution of a fire extinguishing enhancer, and the ultrasonic atomization module is placed at the bottom of the pool for adjusting the amount of water mist supplied.

9. The multi-type fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing concentration test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust gas treatment unit is arranged on the top of the fire simulation unit.

10. A method for testing the fire extinguishing concentration of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents, implemented by the fire extinguishing concentration testing system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing concentration test method comprises: Turn on the air supply unit and adjust the compressed air flow; Turn on the fire simulation unit and generate a flame of a predetermined flame height by adjusting the gas flow rate; Turn on the fire extinguishing agent supply subsystem, supply at least one fire extinguishing agent to the fire simulation unit according to the set fire extinguishing strategy, and continuously increase the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent by a predetermined increase amplitude until the flame is extinguished; After the fire is extinguished, the air mass flow rate, the mass flow rate of each fire extinguishing agent and the mixed gas temperature are obtained; Based on the mixed gas temperature, determine the volume flow rate of each extinguishing agent and the volume flow rate of air; Determine the critical extinguishing volume concentration based on the volume flow rate of each extinguishing agent and the volume flow rate of air; Repeat the above process to determine the average value of the critical extinguishing volume concentration.

11. The method for testing the fire extinguishing concentration of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents according to claim 10, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing concentration test method also includes: The critical extinguishing mass concentration is determined based on the mass flow rate of each extinguishing agent, the volume flow rate of each extinguishing agent and the air volume flow rate.

12. The method for testing the fire extinguishing concentration of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents according to claim 10, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing concentration test method also includes: During the fire extinguishing process, the flame temperature at different heights above the combustion cup was measured when different concentrations of fire extinguishing agents were applied, and a graph showing the change in flame temperature at different heights with the concentration of each fire extinguishing agent was plotted to evaluate the cooling effect of each fire extinguishing agent.

13. A method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents, characterized in that: The collaborative fire extinguishing effect testing method comprises: Determine the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required for each fire extinguishing agent when applied alone by the fire extinguishing concentration test method described in any one of claims 10 to 12; Determine the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required for each fire extinguishing agent when applied in combination by the fire extinguishing concentration test method described in any one of claims 10 to 12; Determine a synergy factor based on the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required for each fire extinguishing agent when applied alone and the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required for each fire extinguishing agent when applied in combination; Based on the synergistic factor, the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of various types of fire extinguishing agents is evaluated.

14. The method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents according to claim 13, characterized in that: The synergistic fire extinguishing effect of various types of fire extinguishing agents is evaluated based on the synergistic factor, including: Compare the size of the synergy factor with the synergy threshold; If the synergy factor is greater than the synergy threshold, the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents is determined to be mutual inhibition; If the synergy factor is less than the synergy threshold, the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents is determined to be mutually reinforcing.

15. The method for testing the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of multiple types of fire extinguishing agents according to claim 13, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the synergy factor is: Among them, δ is the synergistic factor; α m10 is the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the first extinguishing agent when applied alone; α m20 is the critical extinguishing mass concentration of the second extinguishing agent when applied alone; α mn0 is the critical extinguishing mass concentration required for the nth extinguishing agent when applied alone; α m11 is the critical extinguishing mass concentration of the first extinguishing agent required when applied in combination; α m21 is the critical extinguishing mass concentration of the second extinguishing agent required when applied in combination; α mn1 It is the critical fire extinguishing mass concentration required when the nth fire extinguishing agent is applied in combination.

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