Coastal wetland shallow underground environment information real-time monitoring device and evaluation method

Abstract

The present application discloses a kind of coastal wetland shallow underground environment information real-time monitoring device and evaluation method, belong to coastal wetland environment research field, monitoring sensor includes shell, the upper end of shell is provided with sealing cover A, lower end is provided with sealing flange, sealing flange is provided with sensor mounting seat, a plurality of water quality sensors for collecting water quality data are installed on sensor mounting seat, battery and control circuit board are arranged in shell, battery and a plurality of water quality sensors are electrically connected with control circuit board.Evaluation method includes steps S1-S12.The present application utilizes monitoring vertical pipe structure to bury sensor in underground, by the aid of floating ventilation structure, can effectively isolate the influence of tidal water to monitoring target water source, and the monitoring result is more accurate;Through the water quality data of real-time acquisition, the water quality pollution degree in research area is comprehensively evaluated, the pollution degree of pollution source is analyzed, to ensure that pollution source can be handled in time, provide scientific data support and means for disaster prevention and mitigation of coastal wetland.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of coastal wetland environment research, and particularly relates to a coastal wetland shallow underground environment information real-time monitoring device and an evaluation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Coastal wetlands are coastal zones between land and shallow sea with water depth less than 6m at low tide, mainly including distributary channels, crevasse splay, natural levees, floodplains and sedimentary depressions, etc., which are "edge areas" with the characteristics of sea-land transitional facies. The hydro-ecological system of coastal wetlands is extremely fragile, and the physical and chemical properties of shallow groundwater play a crucial role in its growth and development, while the main source of shallow groundwater is atmospheric precipitation and surface water. The driving force of the change of shallow groundwater is mainly the superposition of the dynamic effect caused by tidal fluctuation, the water chemical movement effect driven by salinity and the ocean tide effect, and the rapid change, especially the sudden fluctuation of tidal water induced by cold wave, high temperature and typhoon, will cause high-frequency variation of shallow groundwater, which will constitute an unpredictable recession risk of coastal wetlands. Therefore, the shallow groundwater of coastal wetlands is the first "barrier" to prevent the vertical intrusion of offshore water into the middle and deep confined water, which can effectively inhibit the reverse penetration of seawater. At the same time, the groundwater discharge of coastal wetlands plays an important role in the transport of nutrients, pollutants and other chemical substances, and has a significant impact on the ecological environment. However, while the ecological services and economic and social values of coastal wetlands are attracting global attention, they are also facing the threat of high-intensity human activities, and the pollution of coastal wetland groundwater is becoming increasingly serious. In addition, with the world population shifting towards the coastal zone, the coastal wetlands are likely to be severely damaged in the future. Therefore, it is of great significance to monitor the shallow groundwater of coastal wetlands and clarify its driving mechanism for the protection of coastal wetlands and disaster prevention and reduction.

[0003] At present, the existing methods for monitoring the shallow groundwater of coastal wetlands mainly include:

[0004] 1. Using a drag net to hang a bottle to collect surface water samples for analysis;

[0005] 2. After the tide recedes, drill holes on the tidal flat to collect water samples for analysis.

[0006] The existing technology cannot achieve all-weather, autonomous and remote monitoring of the shallow groundwater of coastal wetlands, especially the rapid change of shallow groundwater with tidal fluctuation, and the high-frequency information of seconds, minutes and hours has not been captured so far. Moreover, it is difficult to walk on the muddy and muddy tidal flat, so the monitoring is difficult and the cost of manpower and material resources is high. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a coastal wetland shallow underground environment monitoring device and evaluation method, which can effectively improve the monitoring efficiency and reduce the cost, and can achieve all-weather, autonomous remote monitoring and pollution source evaluation.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the technical solution adopted by the present application is:

[0009] The present application provides a coastal wetland shallow underground environment monitoring device, which comprises an outer shell, a sealing cover A is arranged at the upper end of the outer shell, a sealing flange is arranged at the lower end of the outer shell, a sensor mounting seat is arranged on the sealing flange, a plurality of water quality sensors for collecting water quality data are mounted on the sensor mounting seat, the water quality sensors are arranged in a sensor protection cover, and the sensor protection cover is fixed on the sensor mounting seat, a battery and a control circuit board are arranged in the outer shell, and the battery and the plurality of water quality sensors are electrically connected with the control circuit board.

[0010] Further, an upper fixing seat and a lower fixing seat are arranged in the outer shell, and recesses for clamping the battery are arranged on the upper fixing seat and the lower fixing seat.

[0011] Further, the recesses are square structures, and arc chamfers are arranged at the corner positions of the recesses.

[0012] Further, the sealing flange is of an annular structure, the sealing flange is detachably connected with the outer shell, a convex rib is arranged on the inner wall of the sealing flange, and a recess for clamping the convex rib is arranged at the edge of the control circuit board.

[0013] Further, a sealing ring is arranged on the surface of the sealing flange in contact with the sensor mounting seat, and the sealing ring is in extrusion sealing cooperation with the sensor mounting seat.

[0014] Further, a plurality of mounting holes for mounting the water quality sensors are formed in the sensor mounting seat.

[0015] Further, the sealing cover A is threadedly connected with the outer shell, and a convex boss for cooperation with the outer shell is arranged on the sealing cover A.

[0016] The present application provides a coastal wetland shallow underground water environment monitoring and evaluation method using the above-mentioned coastal wetland shallow underground environment real-time monitoring device, which comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1: a plurality of monitoring points are uniformly selected in the research area of the coastal wetland, a pipeline with an open lower end is installed by drilling downward at the monitoring points, the environment monitoring device is installed on a support frame, and the environment monitoring device is placed into the pipeline in contact with the underground water by using the support frame;

[0018] S2: The upper end of the pipeline is provided with a sealing cover A to prevent seawater from entering, and a breather pipe is sealingly connected to the sealing cover A, an end of the breather pipe is connected to a float ball, and the end of the breather pipe is in communication with air through the float ball, the breather pipe discharges gas in the pipeline, and the float ball floats up and down with the water level of seawater, so as to ensure that the gas outlet of the breather pipe is always above the water surface;

[0019] S3: The environmental monitoring device collects water quality data of the coastal wetland groundwater at regular time intervals, and constructs a water quality data group at each monitoring point , n is the type of water quality data, t is the number of times of collecting water quality data, is the t th type of water quality data collected at the n th time;

[0020] S4: According to the water quality data groups collected at adjacent two times, an order sequence of different water quality data is constructed;

[0021] ;

[0022] wherein, k is the number of times of collecting water quality data, is the number of times of abnormal fluctuation of water quality data, is the cumulative number of abnormal fluctuation of the t th type of water quality data collected at the n th time;

[0023] S5: The statistical quantity of abnormal fluctuation of each type of water quality data is calculated U n ;

[0024] ;

[0025] wherein, is the mean value of the cumulative number, is the variance of the cumulative number;

[0026] S6: According to the statistical quantity U n corresponding to each type of water quality data, the water quality stability coefficient of the groundwater at the monitoring point is calculated f a ;

[0027] ;

[0028] wherein, is the statistical quantity of the i th type of water quality data, i is the type number of water quality data, is the weight coefficient of the i th type of water quality data;

[0029] S7: setting the water quality stability threshold , if , it is determined that the water quality stability of the current monitoring point is poor, and step S8 is executed; if , it is determined that the water quality stability of the current monitoring point is good;

[0030] S8: obtaining all monitoring points with poor water quality stability in the study area of the coastal wetland, constructing a two-dimensional coordinate system in the map plane, and obtaining the coordinates of each monitoring point, and calculating the correlation value between the coordinates of the monitoring points with poor water quality stability , the correlation value b is the number of monitoring points with poor water quality stability in the study area of the coastal wetland;

[0031] ;

[0032] wherein, is the correlation value between the b th monitoring point with poor water quality stability and the b -1th monitoring point with poor water quality stability,

[0033] S9: if , it is determined that the b th monitoring point with poor water quality stability and the b -1th monitoring point with poor water quality stability are polluted by the same pollution source, otherwise, they are not polluted by the same pollution source, l is the average distance between the monitoring points;

[0034] S10: after screening all monitoring points polluted by the same pollution source, the monitoring point with the highest elevation in the coastal wetland is taken as the monitoring point closest to the pollution source, and the pollution source is searched with the monitoring point closest to the pollution source as the center;

[0035] S11: obtaining all monitoring points polluted by the same pollution source in the t th collection of water quality data, and calculating the pollution degree coefficient of the pollution source F ;

[0036] ;

[0037] wherein, is the center coordinate, is the coordinate of the monitoring point farthest from the center among all monitoring points polluted by the same pollution source, S is the total area of the study area, e is the number of monitoring points polluted by the same pollution source, E is the total amount of monitoring points polluted by the same pollution source, for monitoring the point e of the i first water quality data, for the standard value of the i first water quality data;

[0038] S12: set the pollution coefficient threshold F 阈值 , if , it is determined that the pollution source has a greater impact on the groundwater of the study area, and the pollution source needs to be excluded in time; otherwise, it is determined that the pollution source has a smaller impact on the groundwater of the study area.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0040] 1. The present application uses a monitoring vertical pipe structure to bury the sensor underground, and with the help of a floating ventilation structure, it can effectively isolate the influence of tidal water on the monitoring target water source, and the monitoring result is more accurate.

[0041] 2. The monitoring sensor can automatically collect the suspended sediment concentration, chlorophyll, total carbon, total nitrogen, temperature, salinity and other elements of shallow groundwater at regular intervals, and send the data to the background server through the wireless network communication module, so that the user can real-time view the device working state of each monitoring point and each parameter of the coastal wetland shallow groundwater.

[0042] 3. The water quality pollution degree in the study area is comprehensively evaluated through the real-time collected water quality data, the pollution degree of the pollution source is analyzed, and it is ensured that the pollution source can be treated in time, so as to provide scientific data support and means for disaster prevention and reduction of coastal wetlands. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 for the explosion Figure 1 of the coastal wetland shallow underground environment information real-time monitoring device.

[0044] Figure 2 for the explosion Figure 2 of the coastal wetland shallow underground environment information real-time monitoring device.

[0045] Figure 3 for the installation schematic view of the coastal wetland shallow underground environment information real-time monitoring device.

[0046] Among them, 1, sealing cover A, 2, upper fixed seat, 3, battery, 4, outer shell, 5, lower fixed seat, 6, sealing flange, 7, sensor mounting seat, 8, water quality sensor, 9, sensor protection cover, 10, boss, 11, groove, 12, sealing ring, 13, control circuit board, 14, convex edge, 15, support frame, 16, pipeline, 17, hoisting rope, 18, sealing cover B, 19, air pipe joint, 20, air pipe, 21, floating ball. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The specific embodiments of the present application are described below to facilitate the understanding of the present application for those skilled in the art, but it should be clear that the present application is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments, and for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present application defined and determined by the appended claims, and all the inventions utilizing the concept of the present application are within the scope of protection.

[0048] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 A coastal wetland shallow underground environment information real-time monitoring device, comprising an outer shell 4, the upper end of the outer shell 4 is provided with a sealing cover A1, the lower end is provided with a sealing flange 6, the sealing flange 6 is provided with a sensor mounting seat 7, a plurality of water quality sensors 8 for collecting water quality data are installed on the sensor mounting seat 7, the water quality sensor 8 in the embodiment can include chlorophyll sensor, water quality sensor 8, PH sensor, turbidity sensor, etc., the water quality sensor 8 is arranged in the sensor protection cover 9, the sensor protection cover 9 is used for protecting the sensor, the water quality sensor 8 of the embodiment adopts a sensor probe with cleaning function, and the sensor protection cover 9 is fixed on the sensor mounting seat 7, a battery 3 and a control circuit board 13 are arranged in the outer shell 4, the battery 3 and the plurality of water quality sensors 8 are electrically connected with the control circuit board 13.

[0049] In the embodiment, the upper fixing seat 2 and the lower fixing seat 5 are arranged in the outer shell 4, the recesses 11 for clamping the battery 3 are arranged on the upper fixing seat 2 and the lower fixing seat 5, which are used for fixing the battery pack formed by a plurality of batteries 3 to avoid random shaking. The recess 11 is a square structure, and the corner position of the recess 11 is provided with an arc chamfer to ensure that it can fit the contour of the battery pack.

[0050] In the embodiment, the sealing flange 6 is of an annular structure, the sealing flange 6 is detachably connected with the outer shell 4, the inner wall of the sealing flange 6 is provided with a convex rib 14, the edge of the control circuit board 13 is provided with a recess 11 matched with the convex rib 14, which is used for fixing the control circuit board 13.

[0051] In the embodiment, the sealing flange 6 is of an annular structure, the sealing flange 6 is detachably connected with the outer shell 4, the inner wall of the sealing flange 6 is provided with a convex rib 14, the edge of the control circuit board 13 is provided with a recess 11 matched with the convex rib 14, which is used for fixing the control circuit board 13.

[0052] In the embodiment, a plurality of mounting holes for mounting the water quality sensors 8 are formed in the sensor mounting seat 7, which are used for mounting a plurality of different types of water quality sensors 8, and different types of sensors can be replaced according to actual needs.

[0053] In this embodiment, the sealing cover A1 is threadedly connected with the outer shell 4, and the sealing cover A1 is provided with the boss 10 matched with the outer shell 4, so that the sealing cover A1 is sealed and the battery pack is conveniently replaced.

[0054] A coastal wetland shallow underground water environment monitoring and evaluation method using the above coastal wetland shallow underground environment information real-time monitoring device, comprising the following steps:

[0055] S1: evenly selecting a plurality of monitoring points in the research area of the coastal wetland, drilling and installing a downwardly open pipeline 16 at the monitoring points, as shown in Figure 3 The environmental monitoring device is installed on the support frame 15, and the environmental monitoring device is placed into the pipeline 16 in contact with the underground water by the support frame 15, and the upper end of the environmental monitoring device is connected to the sealing cover B18 by the hoisting rope 17;

[0056] S2: the upper end of the pipeline 16 is provided with the sealing cover B18 to prevent seawater from entering, the sealing cover B18 is sealingly connected with the air pipe 20, the sealing cover B18 is provided with the air pipe joint 19 connected with the air pipe 20, the end of the air pipe 20 is connected with the float ball 21, the end of the air pipe 20 is connected with the air through the float ball 21, and the air pipe 20 discharges the gas in the pipeline 16;

[0057] The float ball 21 floats up and down with the water level of the seawater, so that the gas outlet of the air pipe 20 is always higher than the water surface; the floating antenna installation structure can always keep the antenna of the wireless communication module higher than the water surface after the tide rises, so as to avoid the water flooding and the data transmission and reception and communication with the background server. Ensure that the data collected by the monitoring equipment can be sent to the background server in time;

[0058] S3: the environmental monitoring device collects water quality data of the coastal wetland underground water at regular intervals, and constructs a water quality data group on each monitoring point , n for the type of water quality data, t for the number of collected water quality data, for the first t time collection of the first n water quality data;

[0059] S4: according to the water quality data groups collected by adjacent two times of water quality data, the order sequence of different water quality data is constructed;

[0060] ;

[0061] wherein, k is the number of collected water quality data, is the number of abnormal fluctuations of water quality data, is the firstt cumulative number of abnormal fluctuations of the secondary collected n water quality data;

[0062] S5: calculating the statistical quantity of abnormal fluctuations of each water quality data U n

[0063]

[0064] wherein, is the mean of the cumulative number, is the variance of the cumulative number;

[0065] S6: calculating the water quality stability coefficient of the monitoring point groundwater according to the statistical quantity corresponding to each water quality data U n f a

[0066]

[0067] wherein, is the statistical quantity of the i water quality data, i is the type number of the water quality data, is the weight coefficient of the i water quality data;

[0068] S7: setting the water quality stability threshold , if , it is determined that the water quality stability of the current monitoring point is poor, and step S8 is executed; if , it is determined that the water quality stability of the current monitoring point is good;

[0069] S8: obtaining all the monitoring points with poor water quality stability in the research area of the coastal wetland, constructing a two-dimensional coordinate system in the map plane, and obtaining the coordinates of each monitoring point, and calculating the correlation value according to the coordinates of the monitoring points with poor water quality stability , wherein b is the number of the monitoring point with poor water quality stability in the research area of the coastal wetland;

[0070]

[0071] wherein, is the correlation value between the b monitoring point with poor water quality stability and the b -1 monitoring point with poor water quality stability,

[0072] S9: if , it is determined that the b ​​​​​​one monitoring point with poor water quality stability and the first b - one monitoring point with poor water quality stability and the first l is the average distance between monitoring points;

[0073] S10: After screening all monitoring points polluted by the same pollution source, according to the altitude of the monitoring points in the coastal wetland, the monitoring point with the highest altitude is taken as the monitoring point closest to the pollution source, and the pollution source is searched taking the monitoring point closest to the pollution source as the center;

[0074] S11: The water quality data of all monitoring points polluted by the same pollution source are collected in the first t time, and the pollution degree coefficient of the pollution source is calculated F ;

[0075] ;

[0076] wherein, is the coordinate of the center, is the coordinate of the monitoring point farthest from the center among all monitoring points polluted by the same pollution source, S is the total area of the study area, e is the number of monitoring points polluted by the same pollution source, E is the total amount of monitoring points polluted by the same pollution source, is the first e water quality data of the monitoring point, i is the first water quality data, i is the standard value of the first water quality data;

[0077] S12: Set the pollution coefficient threshold F 阈值 , if , it is determined that the pollution source has a greater pollution on the groundwater in the study area, and the pollution source needs to be excluded in time; otherwise, it is determined that the pollution source has a smaller pollution on the groundwater in the study area.

[0078] The present application uses a monitoring vertical pipe structure to bury the sensor underground, and with the help of a floating aeration structure, the influence of tidal water on the monitoring target water source can be effectively isolated, and the monitoring result is more accurate; the monitoring sensor can automatically collect the suspended sediment concentration, chlorophyll, total carbon, total nitrogen, temperature, salinity and other elements of the shallow groundwater at regular intervals, and send the data to the background server through the wireless network communication module, and the user can real-time view the device working state of each monitoring point and each parameter of the coastal wetland shallow groundwater; the water quality pollution degree in the study area is comprehensively evaluated through the real-time collected water quality data, the pollution degree of the pollution source is analyzed, and the pollution source can be processed in time, which provides scientific data support and means for disaster prevention and reduction in the coastal wetland.

Claims

1. A coastal wetland shallow groundwater environment monitoring and evaluation method, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: evenly selecting a plurality of monitoring points in a research area of a coastal wetland, drilling downward at the monitoring points to install a pipeline with an open lower end, installing an environmental monitoring device on a support frame, and placing the environmental monitoring device into the pipeline in contact with underground water by using the support frame; S2: an upper end of the pipeline is provided with a sealing cover A to prevent seawater from entering, a breather pipe is sealingly connected to the sealing cover A, an end of the breather pipe is connected to a float ball, the end of the breather pipe passes through the float ball to be in communication with air, the breather pipe discharges gas in the pipeline, the float ball floats up and down with the seawater level, and the gas outlet of the breather pipe is always higher than the water surface; S3: Environmental monitoring devices periodically collect water quality data of groundwater in coastal wetlands, constructing water quality data sets for each monitoring point. , n Types of water quality data, t The number of times water quality data is collected. For the first t The first collection n Water quality data; S4: constructing rank sequences of different water quality data according to water quality data groups collected by adjacent two times of water quality data collection; ； wherein, k is a number of times of collecting water quality data, is a number of times of abnormal fluctuation of water quality data, is a number of times of collecting the first t kind of water quality data, n is a cumulative number of abnormal fluctuation of the first kind of water quality data collected the first number of times. S5: Calculate the statistics of abnormal fluctuations of each water quality data U n ; ； wherein is the mean of the cumulative number, is the variance of the cumulative number; S6: calculating the statistical quantity corresponding to each water quality data U n , calculate the water quality stability coefficient of the monitoring point groundwater f a ; ； wherein, is the number of the first water quality data, i is the number of the first water quality data, i is the number of the first water quality data, is the number of the first water quality data, i is the number of the first water quality data; S7: setting a water quality stability threshold , if , it is determined that the water quality stability of the current monitoring point is poor, and step S8 is executed; if , it is determined that the water quality stability of the current monitoring point is good; S8: All water quality stability poor monitoring points in the research area of the coastal wetland are acquired, a two-dimensional coordinate system is constructed in the map plane, and the coordinates of each monitoring point are acquired; the coordinates of the water quality stability poor monitoring points are used as the input of the correlation calculation formula to calculate the correlation value of each monitoring point the correlation value is calculated, b the water quality stability poor monitoring points in the research area of the coastal wetland are numbered; ； wherein, is the first b poor water quality monitoring point and the correlation value between the first b poor water quality monitoring point and the second poor water quality monitoring point. S9: if , then determine that the b th monitoring point and the b -1th monitoring point are polluted by the same pollution source, otherwise, not polluted by the same pollution source, l is the average distance between the monitoring points. S10: after all the monitoring points polluted by the same pollution source are screened out, taking the monitoring point with the highest altitude as the monitoring point closest to the pollution source according to altitudes of the monitoring points in the coastal wetland, and taking the monitoring point closest to the pollution source as the center to search for the pollution source; S11: acquiring water quality data of all monitoring points polluted by the same pollution source in the first t acquisition period, and calculating a pollution degree coefficient of the pollution source F ; ； wherein, is the coordinate of the center, is the coordinate of the monitoring point farthest from the center among all monitoring points contaminated by the same pollution source, S is the total area of the study area, e is the number of monitoring points contaminated by the same pollution source, E is the total amount of monitoring points contaminated by the same pollution source, is the monitoring point e , the i water quality data, is the standard value of the i water quality data; S12: set the pollution coefficient threshold F 阈值 If , it is determined that the pollution source has a greater impact on the groundwater in the study area, and the pollution source needs to be removed in a timely manner; otherwise, it is determined that the pollution source has a smaller impact on the groundwater in the study area.

Images