Fuel cell manifold, fuel cell system and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell manifold, a fuel cell system and a vehicle. The technical problem that the size of a fuel cell in the prior art is too large is solved. The fuel cell manifold comprises a manifold body and a gas-liquid separator which are arranged in parallel and connected with each other; the manifold body is provided with an air channel, a hydrogen channel and a cooling liquid channel. A water-gas separation channel is formed in an inner cavity of the gas-liquid separator, and a hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen channel is located in the cavity wall of the gas-liquid separator and communicated with the water-gas separation channel. The manifold body and the gas-liquid separator are integrated, the hydrogen outlet of the manifold body is located in the gas-liquid separator, and compared with the prior art that the hydrogen outlet is usually communicated with the gas-liquid separator through a pipeline and other components, the mode that the hydrogen outlet is communicated with the gas-liquid separator is simplified, the gas-liquid separator wraps the hydrogen outlet, and therefore the hydrogen outlet can be separated from the gas-liquid separator; the volume of the fuel cell is shortened, and the compactness of the fuel cell is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of fuel cell technology, and specifically relates to a fuel cell manifold, a fuel cell system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In existing fuel cell technology, the manifold and the gas-liquid separator are two key components, and the connection and position relationship between them are crucial to the performance of the fuel cell system. The manifold is usually responsible for evenly distributing the reaction gas to each unit of the fuel cell, and is also responsible for collecting and transporting the reacted gas and water. The gas-liquid separator is a device used to separate gas and water, ensuring that the unreacted gas can be recycled, while removing excess water to prevent the fuel cell from flooding.

[0003] In the prior art, the connection between the manifold and the gas-liquid separator is usually achieved through a pipeline, which increases the volume of the fuel cell system. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a fuel cell manifold, a fuel cell system and a vehicle.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present application, a fuel cell manifold is provided, comprising a manifold body and a gas-liquid separator arranged in parallel and connected; the manifold body is provided with an air channel, a hydrogen channel and a coolant channel; the inner cavity of the gas-liquid separator is formed with a water-gas separation channel, and the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen channel is located on the cavity wall of the gas-liquid separator and is connected to the water-gas separation channel.

[0006] In some embodiments, the manifold body and the gas-liquid separator are an integrated structure and are arranged at an angle with respect to the height direction of the fuel cell along a parallel direction.

[0007] In some embodiments, the coolant inlet section and the coolant outlet section of the coolant channel are arranged at an angle;

[0008] The hydrogen inlet section and the hydrogen outlet section of the hydrogen channel are arranged at an angle, and the hydrogen inlet section is parallel to the coolant outlet section.

[0009] In some embodiments, at least two spaced-apart water-dividing members are provided in the inner cavity of the gas-liquid separator, and the at least two water-dividing members are connected to the inner cavity wall of the gas-liquid separator to enclose the bent water-gas separation channel with the inner cavity wall;

[0010] The hydrogen outlet is located on a side of the gas-liquid separator close to the manifold body, and the hydrogen outlet and the at least two water-dividing members are arranged in sequence along the medium flow direction.

[0011] In some embodiments, the number of the water dividing members is three, namely:

[0012] The first water distribution member comprises a first vertical plate and a first horizontal plate arranged at an angle, wherein the first horizontal plate is provided with a plurality of water passing parts arranged at intervals;

[0013] The second water distribution member comprises a second vertical plate and a second horizontal plate arranged at an angle, the projections of the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate in the parallel direction have an overlapping area, and the second horizontal plate and the second vertical plate are provided with a guide part for gas-liquid separation;

[0014] The third water distribution member includes a third transverse plate, and projections of the second transverse plate and the third transverse plate along the height direction of the fuel cell have an overlapping area.

[0015] In some embodiments, a water passage is formed between the first vertical plate and the bottom of the cavity of the gas-liquid separator; and the first horizontal plate is flush with the top height of the extension portion protruding outward along the parallel direction.

[0016] In some embodiments, a protrusion is provided at the bottom of the cavity of the gas-liquid separator near the hydrogen outlet to form a first drainage groove;

[0017] A second drainage groove is provided at the bottom of the cavity of the gas-liquid separator near the drainage port of the gas-liquid separator.

[0018] In some embodiments, the gas-liquid separator is provided with a nitrogen exhaust valve and a water exhaust valve;

[0019] The air passage is also provided with a stack entry cut-off valve and a cathode stack entry temperature and pressure sensor;

[0020] The coolant channel is also provided with a water-heat-temperature-pressure integrated sensor;

[0021] The hydrogen channel is provided with an anode outlet pressure sensor;

[0022] The gas-liquid separator is provided with an escape area for installing the anode stack pressure sensor.

[0023] In a second aspect of the present application, a fuel cell system is provided, comprising the above-mentioned fuel cell manifold.

[0024] In a third aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, comprising the above-mentioned fuel cell system.

[0025] According to a fuel cell manifold, a fuel cell system and a vehicle provided by one or more embodiments of the present application, the fuel cell manifold includes a manifold body and a gas-liquid separator arranged in parallel and connected; the manifold body is provided with an air channel, a hydrogen channel and a coolant channel; the inner cavity of the gas-liquid separator is formed with a water-gas separation channel, and the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen channel is located on the cavity wall of the gas-liquid separator and is connected to the water-gas separation channel. By integrating the manifold body with the gas-liquid separator, the hydrogen outlet of the manifold body is located on the gas-liquid separator. Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen outlet is usually connected to the gas-liquid separator through components such as pipelines. The present application simplifies the connection method between the hydrogen outlet and the gas-liquid separator. The gas-liquid separator wraps the hydrogen outlet, shortens the volume of the fuel cell, and ensures the compactness of the fuel cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fuel cell manifold in one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0027] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas-liquid separator in the fuel cell manifold.

[0028] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas-liquid separator in the fuel cell manifold from one perspective.

[0029] Figure 4 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas-liquid separator in the fuel cell manifold from another perspective.

[0030] Figure 5 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fuel cell manifold from another perspective.

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of an end plate of a fuel cell system in one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0032] Description of reference numerals: 100-fuel cell manifold, 110-manifold body, 111-air channel, 112-hydrogen channel, 1121-hydrogen outlet, 1122-hydrogen inlet section, 1123-hydrogen outlet section, 113-coolant channel, 1131-coolant inlet section, 1132-coolant outlet section, 114-stack inlet stop valve, 115-cathode stack inlet temperature and pressure sensor, 116-water-heat temperature and pressure integrated sensor, 117-anode stack outlet pressure sensor, 120-gas-liquid separator, 121-first water distribution component, 1211-first vertical plate, 1212-first horizontal plate, 1213-water passing part, 1214-water passing channel, 122-second water distribution part, 1221-second vertical plate, 1222-second horizontal plate, 1223-guide part; 123-third water distribution part, 1231-third horizontal plate, 124-first drainage groove, 125-second drainage groove, 126-drainage port, 127-nitrogen exhaust valve, 128-drainage valve, 129-gas outlet, 200-end plate, 210-oxidizing medium inlet, 220-cooling medium outlet, 230-fuel medium inlet, 240-oxidizing medium outlet, 250-cooling medium inlet, 260-fuel medium outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the technical personnel in the technical field to which the present application belongs to understand the present application more clearly, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0034] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the first aspect of the present application, there is provided a fuel cell manifold 100, comprising a manifold body 110 and a gas-liquid separator 120 which are arranged in parallel and connected; the manifold body 110 is provided with an air channel 111, a hydrogen channel 112 and a coolant channel 113; a water-gas separation channel is formed in the inner cavity of the gas-liquid separator 120, and a hydrogen outlet 1121 of the hydrogen channel 112 is located on the cavity wall of the gas-liquid separator 120 and is connected to the water-gas separation channel.

[0035] The anode out of the fuel cell stack includes a mixed gas flow of unreacted hydrogen and water vapor, so the medium in the anode out of the stack needs to be separated by the gas-liquid separator 120. The hydrogen separated by the gas-liquid separator 120 can be circulated into the fuel cell stack again.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the manifold body 110 and the gas-liquid separator 120 are arranged in parallel, which can reduce other components connecting the manifold body 110 and the gas-liquid separator 120, that is, the manifold body 110 and the gas-liquid separator 120 are directly arranged in parallel, which reduces the volume to a certain extent and increases the integration of the manifold body 110 and the gas-liquid separator 120.

[0037] In order to reduce the volume after integration, in some embodiments, the manifold body 110 and the gas-liquid separator 120 are arranged in parallel, wherein the direction in which the manifold body 110 and the gas-liquid separator 120 are arranged in parallel is not along the height direction of the manifold body 110, that is, the direction in which the manifold body 110 and the gas-liquid separator 120 are arranged in parallel may be at a certain angle to the height direction of the manifold body 110. To a certain extent, the height dimension of the fuel cell can be reduced.

[0038] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the manifold body 110 is provided with an air channel 111, a hydrogen channel 112 and a coolant channel 113. The air channel 111 is used for the circulation of air, the hydrogen channel 112 is used for the circulation of hydrogen, and the coolant channel 113 is used for the circulation of coolant. The manifold body 110 of the present application ensures the basic function of fluid distribution of the manifold and realizes the distribution of hydrogen, air and coolant. That is, the manifold body 110 integrates the fluid distribution function of the manifold and ensures the basic function of the manifold body 110.

[0039] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the gas-liquid separator 120 includes a shell with an inner cavity provided in the shell, and the hydrogen outlet 1121 of the hydrogen channel 112 is located on the cavity wall of the gas-liquid separator 120 and is connected to the water-gas separation channel, that is, the mixed gas flow of the hydrogen outlet 1121 of the hydrogen channel 112 can directly enter the gas-liquid separator 120 through the hydrogen outlet 1121 for gas-liquid separation, and the separated gas and liquid can both be discharged through the gas-liquid separator 120, wherein the separated gas can be circulated into the fuel cell stack again or directly discharged to the outside. The hydrogen outlet 1121 is directly connected to the inner cavity of the gas-liquid separator 120 instead of being connected through other connecting pipelines, which simplifies the structure. While ensuring that the mixed airflow of the hydrogen outlet 1121 of the hydrogen channel 112 is introduced into the gas-liquid separator 120, the gas-liquid separation function of the gas-liquid separator 120 can also be guaranteed. The mixed airflow of the hydrogen outlet 1121 of the hydrogen channel 112 is introduced into the gas-liquid separator 120 for gas-liquid separation, which reduces product quality, reduces volume, and reduces costs.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, if the fuel cell stack is provided with two stacks, the gas-liquid separator 120 may be provided with two gas outlets 129, and the two gas outlets 129 are connected to the two stacks one by one; if the fuel cell stack is provided with three stacks, the gas-liquid separator 120 may be provided with three gas outlets 129, and the three gas outlets 129 are connected to the three stacks one by one. That is, the number of gas outlets 129 in the present application is not limited and can be set according to the actual number of stacks.

[0041] Therefore, the present application arranges the gas-liquid separator 120 and the manifold body 110 in parallel, integrates the relevant functions of the manifold body 110 and the gas-liquid separator 120, and connects the hydrogen outlet 1121 of the hydrogen channel 112 with the gas-liquid separator 120 without connecting through a connecting pipe, which reduces the connection distance between the gas-liquid separator 120 and the manifold body 110 to a certain extent, can reduce the volume, and increase the integration of the manifold.

[0042] In some embodiments, the manifold body 110 and the gas-liquid separator 120 are an integrated structure, that is, the integrated structure can integrate the basic functions of the gas-liquid separator 120 and the manifold body 110, and can integrate multiple functions into one, which to a certain extent reduces the volume and improves the overall performance and efficiency.

[0043] In other embodiments, the parallel direction of the manifold body 110 and the gas-liquid separator 120 is set at an angle to the height direction of the fuel cell along the parallel direction; in other words, the parallel direction of the manifold body 110 and the gas-liquid separator 120 is set at an angle to the height direction of the fuel cell. In some embodiments, the height direction of the fuel cell is recorded as the Z direction, and the gas-liquid separator 120 in the fuel cell manifold 100 is set along the Z direction to facilitate gravity drainage. In some embodiments, the parallel direction of the manifold body 110 and the gas-liquid separator can be a direction perpendicular to the Z direction, and the parallel direction of the manifold body 110 and the gas-liquid separator is defined as the X direction, which is parallel to the length direction or width direction of the vehicle equipped with the fuel cell system with the fuel cell manifold 100, and the Z direction is the height direction of the vehicle.

[0044] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in order to ensure that the hydrogen outlet 1121 of the hydrogen channel 112 is connected to the inner cavity of the gas-liquid separator 120, in some embodiments, the hydrogen inlet section 1122 and the hydrogen outlet section 1123 of the hydrogen channel 112 are arranged at an angle, that is, the mixed gas flow entering the hydrogen inlet section 1122 of the hydrogen channel 112 flows out from the hydrogen outlet section 1123 through a certain bending direction, thereby transitioning to communicate with the inner cavity of the gas-liquid separator 120. In some embodiments, the hydrogen inlet section 1122 and the hydrogen outlet section 1123 of the hydrogen channel 112 are perpendicular to each other. The bent flow channel can save space and reduce volume to a certain extent, and improve the integration while achieving the corresponding functions.

[0045] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the coolant inlet section 1131 of the coolant channel 113 is set at an angle to the coolant outlet section 1132; that is, the coolant entering the coolant inlet section 1131 of the coolant channel 113 flows out from the coolant outlet section 1132 through a certain bending direction, thereby entering the battery stack. In some embodiments, the coolant inlet section 1131 and the coolant outlet section 1132 of the coolant channel 113 are perpendicular to each other. In some embodiments, the coolant inlet section 1131 and the coolant outlet section 1132 of the coolant channel 113 are perpendicular to each other. The bent flow channel can save space and reduce the volume to a certain extent, and improve the integration while realizing the corresponding functions.

[0046] In the related art, after the system is shut down in a low temperature environment, the drain valve 128 of the gas-liquid separator 120 is prone to ice formation. Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in some embodiments, the hydrogen inlet section 1122 is parallel to the coolant outlet section 1132. That is, the hydrogen channel 112 and the coolant channel 113 can be heat exchanged, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen channel 112 can form heat exchange with the coolant pipeline during the flow process, thereby increasing the hydrogen temperature of the hydrogen channel 112 to avoid freezing in a low temperature environment. During the cold start process of the fuel cell system, the temperature of the hydrogen is usually low and cannot quickly reach the ideal operating temperature. A hydrothermal system can be used for heat exchange. The water temperature in the hydrothermal system is usually heated by a PTC heater. The PTC heater can quickly heat the water temperature of the hydrothermal system to 75°C, thereby providing the necessary heat for the fuel cell. At this time, there is a temperature difference between the coolant channel 113 and the hydrogen channel 112 of the fuel cell system. Due to the temperature difference between the hot water in the coolant channel 113 and the hydrogen in the hydrogen channel 112, heat exchange will be formed, thereby promoting heat transfer from the high-temperature object, that is, the coolant, to the low-temperature object, hydrogen, to achieve heat exchange. That is, the heat balance in physics. The heat of a high-temperature object is always transferred to a low-temperature object. In this way, the heat of the water in the coolant channel 113 is exchanged with the hydrogen in the hydrogen channel 112. The hot water entering the stack is used to maintain the temperature of the anode gas leaving the stack, so as to avoid ice and blockage of the anode circulation loop in a low-temperature environment. The low-temperature environment in this application can be -40°C, -30°C or -20°C. In practical applications, such as in cold northern regions, fuel cell vehicles need to have lossless cold start capabilities in extreme low-temperature environments. By performing heat exchange between the coolant channel 113 entering the stack and the hydrogen channel 112 leaving the stack, a rapid start at -40°C can be achieved, and the anode circulation loop can be prevented from freezing and blockage in a low-temperature environment, thereby ensuring normal operation and performance in a low-temperature environment.

[0047] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, at least two spaced-apart water-dividing parts are provided in the inner cavity of the gas-liquid separator 120, and at least two water-dividing parts are connected to the inner cavity wall of the gas-liquid separator 120 to enclose the inner cavity wall to form a curved water-gas separation channel. That is, the mixed gas from the hydrogen outlet 1121 can separate the gas and liquid in the mixed gas through the two water-dividing parts, and the gas moves upward and is discharged through the gas outlet 129 of the gas-liquid separator 120; the liquid falls through the water-dividing parts and is then discharged through the drain port 126 of the gas-liquid separator 120. The curved water-gas separation channel helps to improve the separation performance of the gas-liquid separator 120, and at the same time can improve the compactness of the internal structure of the gas-liquid separator 120, thereby ensuring the separation performance of the gas-liquid separator 120.

[0048] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the hydrogen outlet 1121 is located on the side of the gas-liquid separator 120 close to the manifold body 110. While ensuring that the hydrogen outlet 1121 of the hydrogen channel 112 is connected to the inner cavity of the gas-liquid separator 120, the volume can be further reduced to ensure the compactness of the structure of the manifold body 110 and the gas-liquid separator 120.

[0049] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in other embodiments, the hydrogen outlet 1121 and at least two water-dividing parts are arranged in sequence along the medium flow direction, that is, the mixed airflow flowing out of the hydrogen outlet 1121 enters the cavity of the gas-liquid separator 120, and the mixed airflow passes through at least two water-dividing parts in sequence for gas-liquid separation. Multiple water-dividing parts can better separate the gas and liquid of the mixed airflow, thereby ensuring the compactness of the internal structure of the gas-liquid separator 120 and improving the separation efficiency.

[0050] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, there are three water-dividing parts, namely, the first water-dividing part 121, the second water-dividing part 122 and the third water-dividing part 123. That is, the mixed airflow flowing out of the hydrogen outlet 1121 enters the cavity of the gas-liquid separator 120, and the mixed airflow passes through the first water-dividing part 121 in sequence for the first gas-liquid separation, and the separated liquid falls to the bottom and is discharged through the drain port 126, and the unseparated gas-liquid mixed airflow then passes through the second water-dividing part 122 for the second gas-liquid separation, and the separated liquid falls to the bottom and is discharged through the drain port 126, and the unseparated gas-liquid mixed airflow passes through the third water-dividing part 123 for the third gas-liquid separation, and after three gas-liquid separations, the gas-liquid mixed airflow at the hydrogen outlet can be effectively separated to ensure the separation efficiency.

[0051] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the first water-dividing member 121 includes a first vertical plate 1211 and a first horizontal plate 1212 arranged at an angle, and a plurality of water-passing portions 1213 arranged at intervals are provided on the first horizontal plate 1212. The bottom of the first vertical plate 1211 is connected to the inner cavity wall of the gas-liquid separator 120, and there is a gap between the upper portion of the first vertical plate 1211 and the inner cavity wall of the gas-liquid separator 120, so as to ensure that the gas-liquid mixed airflow entering the cavity of the gas-liquid separator 120 from the hydrogen outlet 1121 can pass through the first vertical plate 1211 for the first gas-liquid separation, and the separated liquid can fall to the bottom and be discharged through the drain port 126, and the unseparated gas-liquid mixed airflow passes through the gap between the upper portion of the first vertical plate 1211 and the inner cavity wall of the gas-liquid separator 120 for subsequent separation, and a part of the separated liquid can fall into the cavity bottom of the gas-liquid separator 120 through the water-passing portion 1213. In some embodiments, the first transverse plate 1212 includes a plurality of baffles and separation grooves, wherein the plurality of baffles are arranged at intervals to form the separation grooves, and the separation grooves form the water passing portion 1213. During the separation of the gas-liquid mixture in the gas-liquid separator 120, the baffles on the first transverse plate 1212 can prevent the gas from contacting the bottom liquid to a certain extent, thereby improving the efficiency of gas-liquid separation.

[0052] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the second water-dividing member 122 includes a second vertical plate 1221 and a second horizontal plate 1222 arranged at an angle, and the projections of the first vertical plate 1211 and the second vertical plate 1221 along the parallel direction have an overlapping area. In other embodiments, the first vertical plate 1211 and the second vertical plate 1221 are parallel to each other and staggered along the parallel direction, that is, the first vertical plate 1211 and the second vertical plate 1221 form a bent water-gas separation channel, and the gas-liquid mixed airflow entering the cavity of the gas-liquid separator 120 from the hydrogen outlet 1121 can pass through the first vertical plate 1211 for the first gas-liquid separation, and the unseparated gas-liquid mixed airflow passes through the gap between the upper part of the first vertical plate 1211 and the inner cavity wall of the gas-liquid separator 120, and the first vertical plate 1211 and the second vertical plate 1221 form a bent water-gas separation channel, which can improve the separation efficiency of the gas-liquid separator 120 to a certain extent.

[0053] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in other embodiments, the second horizontal plate 1222 and the second vertical plate 1221 are provided with a guide portion 1223 for gas-liquid separation; that is, the liquid separated by the second vertical plate 1221 can fall through the guide portion 1223 to avoid further mixing of gas and liquid, thereby improving the efficiency of separation of the gas-liquid mixed airflow.

[0054] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the third water-dividing member 123 includes a third transverse plate 1231, and the projections of the second transverse plate 1222 and the third transverse plate 1231 along the height direction of the fuel cell have an overlapping area. In other embodiments, the second transverse plate 1222 and the third transverse plate 1231 are parallel to each other and staggered along the height direction of the fuel cell, that is, the second transverse plate 1222 and the third transverse plate 1231 form a bent water-gas separation channel, and the gas-liquid mixed airflow separated by the second transverse plate 1222 of the second water-dividing member 122 can continue to separate through the bent water-gas separation channel formed by the second transverse plate 1222 and the third transverse plate 1231, thereby improving the efficiency of separation of the gas-liquid mixed airflow.

[0055] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, a guide portion 1223 is also provided at the connection between the third horizontal plate 1231 and the inner cavity wall of the gas-liquid separator 120 to ensure that the liquid after gas-liquid separation falls through the guide portion 1223, thereby improving the efficiency of gas-liquid separation.

[0056] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, a water passage 1214 is formed between the first vertical plate 1211 and the cavity bottom of the gas-liquid separator 120, that is, there is a water passage 1214 between the bottom of the first vertical plate 1211 and the gas-liquid separator 120, which ensures that the liquid can be discharged through the water passage 1214 after being separated by the first vertical plate 1211 of the first water dividing member 121. In some embodiments, a notch is provided at the connection between the first vertical plate 1211 and the cavity bottom of the gas-liquid separator 120, that is, the bottom part of the first vertical plate 1211 is connected to the cavity bottom of the gas-liquid separator 120, and the notch is used to form the water passage 1214, which ensures that the liquid after gas-liquid separation can be discharged through the water passage 1214 while ensuring that the first vertical plate 1211 is connected to the cavity wall of the gas-liquid separator 120.

[0057] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in other embodiments, the first horizontal plate 1212 is flush with the top of the extension part protruding outward in the parallel direction. Since the first horizontal plate 1212 is provided with a plurality of water passing parts 1213 arranged at intervals, the water passing parts 1213 can ensure that the separated liquid falls on the one hand, and can avoid the contact between the gas and the liquid on the other hand, thereby improving the separation efficiency. Therefore, the first horizontal plate 1212 is flush with the top of the extension part, and the water storage space at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 120 can be increased while saving space and volume.

[0058] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, a water guide portion inclined downward is provided at the bottom of the water storage chamber of the gas-liquid separator 120, and a drain outlet 126 is provided at the lowest point of the water storage chamber to facilitate liquid water collected in the water storage chamber of the gas-liquid separator 120 to flow into the drain outlet 126 through the water guide portion for discharge.

[0059] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the cavity bottom of the gas-liquid separator 120 is provided with a protrusion near the hydrogen outlet 1121 to form a first drainage groove 124; in other embodiments, the cavity bottom of the gas-liquid separator 120 is provided with a second drainage groove 125 near the drainage port 126 of the gas-liquid separator 120. After the system is shut down and purged, the liquid water separated inside the gas-liquid separator 120 is discharged through the drainage port 126 of the gas-liquid separator 120, but after the saturated steam drops in temperature, it may condense to form a small amount of liquid water, which hangs on the inner cavity wall of the gas-liquid separator 120, and then falls and gathers to the lowest point of the gas-liquid separator 120 under the action of gravity, wherein the protrusion of the first drainage groove 124 can collect a small amount of liquid water to prevent it from flowing to the drainage port 126 of the gas-liquid separator 120, and to prevent the temperature from continuing to drop, and the drainage port 126 from being blocked by ice, resulting in the inability to drain and start the gas-liquid separator 120 when it is subsequently started. The second drain groove 125 can also collect a small amount of liquid water condensed on the inner cavity wall to prevent the condensed liquid water from gathering in the drain port 126 and freezing the drain valve 128, causing the system to fail to start and run normally.

[0060] In some embodiments, the second drain groove 125 is coaxially arranged with the drain port 126, and the inner diameter of the second drain groove 125 is larger than the outer diameter of the drain port 126, that is, the second drain groove 125 and the drain port 126 form a step portion, which can store a small amount of liquid water condensed after shutdown, so as to prevent the liquid water from directly falling into the drain port 126 and freezing the drain valve 128, thereby preventing the drain valve 128 from freezing and failing. Therefore, by providing the first drain groove 124 and the second drain groove 125, condensed water can be stored in a dual manner, so as to prevent the liquid water from directly falling into the drain port 126 and causing the drain valve 128 to freeze and fail.

[0061] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the gas-liquid separator 120 is provided with a nitrogen exhaust valve 127 and a water drain valve 128; opening the water drain valve 128 can ensure that the liquid water in the gas-liquid separator 120 is discharged through the water drain port 126. The nitrogen exhaust valve 127 can be opened intermittently. In some embodiments, a gas concentration sensor can be provided in the gas-liquid separator 120 to detect the nitrogen concentration in the gas-liquid separator 120. When the nitrogen content in the gas-liquid separator 120 is too high, the nitrogen exhaust valve 127 can be opened to discharge the gas to reduce the nitrogen concentration in the gas. After the nitrogen concentration returns to normal, the nitrogen exhaust valve 127 can be closed, and the gas outlet 129 connected to the fuel cell stack can be opened to ensure the normal operation of the fuel cell system.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the air channel 111 is further provided with a stack entry shutoff valve 114 and a cathode stack entry temperature and pressure sensor 115; the air stack entry shutoff valve 114 and the cathode stack entry temperature and pressure sensor 115 are both integrated in the upper right corner of the manifold body 110 and can be installed and fixed by bolts. In some embodiments, the air stack entry shutoff valve 114 can be installed and fixed by four bolts, and the cathode stack entry temperature and pressure sensor 115 can be installed and fixed by a single bolt.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the coolant channel 113 is further provided with a water-heat-temperature-pressure integrated sensor 116 , and the water-heat-temperature-pressure integrated sensor 116 can be directly screwed onto the manifold body 110 through a threaded hole.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the hydrogen channel 112 is provided with an anode out-of-stack pressure sensor 117 , and the anode out-of-stack pressure sensor 117 can be directly screwed onto the manifold body 110 through a threaded hole.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the gas-liquid separator 120 is provided with an escape area for installing the anode out-of-stack pressure sensor 117. Under the condition that the manifold body 110 and the gas-liquid separator 120 are tightly connected, the gas-liquid separator 120 is provided with an escape area here to provide an installation space for installing the anode out-of-stack pressure sensor 117. In some embodiments, the anode out-of-stack pressure sensor 117 can be directly screwed onto the manifold body 110 through a threaded hole.

[0066] Therefore, the integrated manifold of the present application integrates the stack inlet shut-off valve 114, the cathode stack inlet temperature and pressure sensor 115, the water-heat temperature and pressure integrated sensor 116, the anode stack outlet pressure sensor 117, the nitrogen exhaust valve 127 and the drain valve 128, and the gas-liquid separator 120, which can save space and cost and improve the portability of the entire system; the gas-liquid separator 120 is provided with two or more water dividing parts to ensure the basic function of the gas-liquid separator 120; at the same time, the first drain trough 124 and the second drain trough 125 are provided to prevent icing, thereby ensuring that the function of the drain valve 128 is not frozen and ineffective during low-temperature cold start, thereby ensuring the effective operation of the system and improving the system safety.

[0067] In a second aspect of the present application, a fuel cell system is provided, comprising the above-mentioned fuel cell manifold 100. The fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell stack and an end plate 200, wherein the fuel cell stack is connected to the end plate 200, such as Figure 6 As shown, the end plate 200 is provided with six medium ports, the medium ports on the left side are, from top to bottom, the oxidizing medium inlet 210, the cooling medium outlet 220, and the fuel medium inlet 230, and the medium ports on the right side are, from top to bottom, the oxidizing medium outlet 240, the cooling medium inlet 250, and the fuel medium outlet 260. The fuel cell includes a first manifold and a second manifold, the first manifold is connected and communicated with the medium ports on the left side in a one-to-one correspondence, wherein the first manifold can refer to the manifold of the prior art solution, and this application will not be described in detail; the second manifold can adopt the above-mentioned fuel cell manifold 100, which has a manifold body 110 and a gas-liquid separator 120, and integrates the relevant functions of the manifold and the gas-liquid separator 120. The air channel 111 on the manifold body 110 of the second manifold is communicated with the oxidant outlet on the end plate 200, the hydrogen channel 112 is communicated with the reductant outlet on the end plate 200, and the coolant channel 113 is communicated with the coolant inlet on the end plate 200. In other embodiments, the first manifold may also only include the manifold body 110 structure in the above-mentioned fuel cell manifold 100 excluding the gas-liquid separator 120 structure, that is, the first manifold only needs to have the corresponding basic functions of the manifold; the second manifold needs to have the relevant functions of the manifold and the gas-liquid separator 120.

[0068] In the third aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, comprising the above-mentioned fuel cell system. The vehicle adopts at least one of the above-mentioned fuel cell systems, and the specific structure of the fuel cell system refers to the above-mentioned embodiment. Since the fuel cell system adopts all the technical solutions of all the above-mentioned embodiments, it at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.

[0069] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0070] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise" and "counterclockwise" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0071] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0072] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in this application are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0073] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fuel cell manifold, characterized in that: It comprises a manifold body and a gas-liquid separator which are arranged in parallel and connected; the manifold body is provided with an air channel, a hydrogen channel and a coolant channel; the inner cavity of the gas-liquid separator is formed with a water-gas separation channel, and the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen channel is located on the cavity wall of the gas-liquid separator and is connected to the water-gas separation channel.

2. The fuel cell manifold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manifold body and the gas-liquid separator are an integrated structure and are arranged at an angle with the height direction of the fuel cell along a parallel direction.

3. The fuel cell manifold according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coolant inlet section and the coolant outlet section of the coolant channel are arranged at an angle; The hydrogen inlet section and the hydrogen outlet section of the hydrogen channel are arranged at an angle, and the hydrogen inlet section is parallel to the coolant outlet section.

4. The fuel cell manifold according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: At least two spaced-apart water-dividing members are provided in the inner cavity of the gas-liquid separator, and the at least two water-dividing members are connected to the inner cavity wall of the gas-liquid separator to enclose the bent water-gas separation channel with the inner cavity wall; The hydrogen outlet is located on a side of the gas-liquid separator close to the manifold body, and the hydrogen outlet and the at least two water-dividing members are arranged in sequence along the medium flow direction.

5. The fuel cell manifold according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the water distribution parts is three, namely: The first water distribution member comprises a first vertical plate and a first horizontal plate arranged at an angle, wherein the first horizontal plate is provided with a plurality of water passing parts arranged at intervals; The second water distribution member comprises a second vertical plate and a second horizontal plate arranged at an angle, the projections of the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate in the parallel direction have an overlapping area, and the second horizontal plate and the second vertical plate are provided with a guide part for gas-liquid separation; The third water distribution member includes a third transverse plate, and projections of the second transverse plate and the third transverse plate along the height direction of the fuel cell have an overlapping area.

6. The fuel cell manifold according to claim 5, characterized in that: A water passage is formed between the first vertical plate and the bottom of the cavity of the gas-liquid separator; the first horizontal plate is flush with the top of the extension portion protruding outward along the parallel direction.

7. The fuel cell manifold according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A protrusion is provided at the bottom of the cavity of the gas-liquid separator close to the hydrogen outlet to form a first drainage groove; A second drainage groove is provided at the bottom of the cavity of the gas-liquid separator near the drainage port of the gas-liquid separator.

8. The fuel cell manifold according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The gas-liquid separator is provided with a nitrogen exhaust valve and a water exhaust valve; The air passage is also provided with a stack entry cut-off valve and a cathode stack entry temperature and pressure sensor; The coolant channel is also provided with a water-heat-temperature-pressure integrated sensor; The hydrogen channel is provided with an anode outlet pressure sensor; The gas-liquid separator is provided with an escape area for installing the anode stack pressure sensor.

9. A fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: A fuel cell manifold as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: The fuel cell system of claim 9.

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