Intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation and roof control method

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation and a roof control method, and the system comprises a photovoltaic module which is used for converting solar energy into DC electric energy; the energy storage module is connected with the photovoltaic module and is used for storing direct-current electric energy; the grid-connected module is connected with the photovoltaic module, the energy storage module and an external power grid and is used for performing electric energy conversion between the direct-current electric energy and the alternating-current electric energy of the external power grid; the control module is connected with the photovoltaic module, the energy storage module and the grid-connected module, and is used for acquiring power grid power supply information from a management system corresponding to an external power grid through the communication interface so as to determine the load state of the power grid according to the power grid power supply information, and performing intelligent scheduling control on the energy storage module and the grid-connected module based on the load state of the power grid, according to the invention, through an effective electric energy management mechanism, intelligent scheduling control of photovoltaic electric energy can be realized, so that the overall energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the user experience is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to an intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation and a roof control method. Background Art

[0002] At present, solar energy is a clean and renewable energy source. The current building roofs are an important application site for solar photovoltaic power generation and have broad market prospects. The roof area is large and can effectively receive sunlight, which is suitable for installing photovoltaic components to achieve on-site production and utilization of energy.

[0003] However, existing photovoltaic power generation systems applied to building roofs usually lack effective use of grid power supply information and an effective power management mechanism, and are unable to achieve dynamic scheduling and optimal utilization of electricity, resulting in large differences in the system's energy efficiency in different time periods, and are unable to perform intelligent scheduling based on grid load and electricity price information. This results in the current system failing to fully utilize low-cost electricity during certain time periods (such as peak electricity price periods), and failing to effectively store excess electricity during other time periods (such as low electricity price periods), thereby affecting the overall energy utilization efficiency and the user experience. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide an intelligent building roof system and a roof control method based on photovoltaic power generation, which have an effective power management mechanism and can determine the grid load state according to the grid power supply information, and perform intelligent scheduling and control of the energy storage module and the grid-connected module based on the grid load state, thereby improving the overall energy utilization efficiency and improving the user experience.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation, comprising: Photovoltaic modules, which convert solar energy into direct current electricity; An energy storage module, connected to the photovoltaic module, and used to store the DC electric energy; A grid-connected module, connected to the photovoltaic module, the energy storage module and the external power grid, for converting the DC power into the AC power of the external power grid; A control module is connected to the photovoltaic assembly, the energy storage module and the grid-connected module, and is used to obtain grid power supply information from a management system corresponding to the external power grid through a communication interface, so as to determine a grid load state according to the grid power supply information, and perform intelligent scheduling and control of the energy storage module and the grid-connected module based on the grid load state.

[0006] In some embodiments, the grid power supply information includes grid load information and electricity price information. The control module is used to determine the current grid load state of the external grid based on the grid load information and the electricity price information, and control the energy storage module to release stored electric energy for power supply under the grid load state, or control the grid-connected module to convert electric energy.

[0007] In some embodiments, the system further comprises a fixing module connected to the photovoltaic assembly, the fixing module being used to fix the photovoltaic assembly to the roof of a target building, the fixing module comprising: An insulating cylinder wrapped around the first wiring board and the second wiring board; A first terminal board, connected to the positive electrode of the photovoltaic module, and connected to the photovoltaic module through an insulating tube; A second terminal board is connected to the negative electrode of the photovoltaic module and is connected to the photovoltaic module through an insulating tube; A wiring barrel, inserted into the insulating barrel, used to fix the vertical wiring strip; The vertical terminal strip is inserted into the terminal barrel and fixed by a wedge-shaped connecting block; The wedge-shaped connecting block is embedded in the wiring barrel to squeeze the vertical wiring strip so that it is in close contact with the wiring barrel; An elastic wiring board is in contact with the vertical wiring strip and provides a fixing force through elastic deformation; A first magnet, mounted at one end of the photovoltaic module, for quick installation and removal; A second magnet is installed at a corresponding position of the fixing module and is used in conjunction with the first magnet; Waterproof rubber ring, installed on the top of the insulation tube, used to prevent moisture from entering the electrical connection part; The sealing retaining ring is installed on the outside of the wiring barrel and is used to work together with the waterproof rubber ring to form multiple seals.

[0008] In some embodiments, the system further comprises a monitoring module connected to the control module, the monitoring module comprising: Multiple sensors for collecting operating data of photovoltaic modules, energy storage modules and grid-connected modules; A data processing unit, used to analyze the operating data to monitor the health status of the system in real time; An alarm unit is used to sound an alarm when an abnormality or failure is detected.

[0009] In some embodiments, the system further includes an operation and maintenance module connected to the control module, and the operation and maintenance module includes: A network connection module is used to connect the system to a remote management platform to realize remote transmission and access of data. The network connection module converts different data formats in the system into a unified transmission protocol through a protocol converter; A remote control unit, connected to the remote management platform via a network connection module, for receiving and executing control and optimization instructions sent by the remote management platform to adjust the power output of the system or update the control program of the system; Data storage unit, used to record the system's operating data and the executed control and optimization instructions.

[0010] In some embodiments, the system further comprises a display module connected to the control module, the display module comprising: A display screen, used to display the operating status, energy consumption, power generation efficiency and fault warning information of the system in real time; The user interface is used for interaction between the user and the system, and provides energy efficiency optimization suggestions and operation guides preset by the system.

[0011] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic component includes a maximum power point tracking unit, which is used to perform adaptive optimization based on fuzzy logic and artificial neural network to adjust the working point of the photovoltaic component in real time under different light intensities and ambient temperatures.

[0012] In some embodiments, the energy storage module includes a battery state estimation unit, which is used to monitor the charge and discharge state of the battery in real time through Kalman filtering to estimate the remaining power, and store and output electric energy based on the remaining power.

[0013] In some embodiments, the grid-connected module comprises: An inverter, used to convert the direct current generated by the photovoltaic module into alternating current with the same frequency and phase as the external power grid; The grid-connected controller is used to dispatch the energy storage power of the energy storage module and the grid-connected power of the grid-connected module, and adjust the load distribution of the power grid.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling an intelligent building roof based on photovoltaic power generation, the method being applied to the intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation described in any one of the first aspects, the method comprising: Acquiring power supply information of the power grid from a management system corresponding to the external power grid through a communication interface; Determining a grid load state according to the grid power supply information; The energy storage module and the grid-connected module are intelligently dispatched and controlled based on the grid load status.

[0015] The intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation and the roof control method provided by the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects: the intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation comprises: a photovoltaic module for converting solar energy into direct current electricity; an energy storage module connected to the photovoltaic module for storing direct current electricity; a grid-connected module connected to the photovoltaic module, the energy storage module and the external power grid for converting direct current electricity into alternating current electricity from the external power grid; a control module connected to the photovoltaic module, the energy storage module and the grid-connected module for obtaining power supply information of the power grid from the management system corresponding to the external power grid through the communication interface, so as to determine the load state of the power grid according to the power supply information of the power grid, and intelligently adjust the energy storage module and the grid-connected module based on the load state of the power grid. degree control; it can be understood that the system of the present invention can dynamically adjust the working state of the energy storage module and the grid-connected module according to the real-time grid load and electricity price information to achieve the optimal utilization of electric energy. During the low electricity price period, the system gives priority to using the grid electricity for energy storage to reduce the waste of electric energy; during the peak electricity price period, the system gives priority to using the electricity in the energy storage module to reduce the electricity cost, and then stores excess electric energy through the energy storage module, which can release electric energy when the photovoltaic module generates insufficient power or during peak electricity consumption periods, ensure continuous power supply inside the building, improve the energy efficiency of the system, and convert direct current into alternating current through the grid-connected module and connect it to the grid to achieve a two-way flow of electric energy, which can output electric energy to the grid and obtain electric energy from the grid, thereby alleviating the load pressure of the public grid. In summary, the present invention can dynamically adjust the working state of the energy storage module and the grid-connected module according to the real-time grid power supply information through the above-mentioned intelligent scheduling control mechanism, thereby optimizing the utilization of electric energy and improving the overall energy utilization efficiency.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solution of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present invention.

[0018] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments; Figure 1 This is an optional module schematic diagram of an intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is another optional module schematic diagram of an intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a fixed module in an intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for controlling a roof of an intelligent building based on photovoltaic power generation.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1. Photovoltaic module; 2. Control module; 3. Energy storage module; 4. Grid-connected module; 5. Monitoring module; 6. Operation and maintenance module; 7. Fixing module; 8. Display module; 10. Insulating cylinder; 11. First terminal block; 12. Second terminal block; 13. Terminal cylinder; 14. Vertical terminal strip; 15. Wedge-shaped connecting block; 16. Elastic terminal block; 17. First terminal post; 18. First magnet; 19. Second magnet; 20. Waterproof rubber ring; 21. Spring; 22. Sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present invention, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed", etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, "above", "below", "within", etc. are understood to include the number itself, "any one" means one or more, "at least one of the following" and similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. If there is a description of the first and the second, it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0022] It should be noted that the terms such as setting, installing, and connecting in the embodiments of the present invention should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution. For example, the term "connection" can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or mutual communication; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium.

[0023] It should be noted that the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] At present, solar energy is a clean and renewable energy source. As an important application site for solar photovoltaic power generation, the roof of a building has a broad market prospect. The roof area is large and can effectively receive sunlight, which is suitable for installing photovoltaic modules to achieve on-site production and utilization of energy. However, the existing photovoltaic power generation system applied to the roof of a building usually lacks effective use of power grid power supply information and lacks an effective power management mechanism. It is impossible to achieve dynamic scheduling and optimal utilization of power, resulting in large differences in energy efficiency of the system in different time periods, and it cannot be intelligently scheduled according to the load and electricity price information of the power grid. This results in the current system failing to fully utilize low-cost electricity in certain time periods (such as peak electricity price periods), and failing to effectively store excess electricity in other time periods (such as low electricity price periods), thereby affecting the overall energy utilization efficiency and user experience.

[0025] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide an intelligent building roof system and a roof control method based on photovoltaic power generation, which has an effective power management mechanism, can determine the grid load state according to the grid power supply information, and perform intelligent scheduling and control of the energy storage module and the grid-connected module based on the grid load state, thereby improving the overall energy utilization efficiency and improving the user experience.

[0026] The scheme of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] refer to Figure 1 to Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is an optional module schematic diagram of an intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is another optional module schematic diagram of an intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation provided by an embodiment of the present invention; in the first aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation, including: a photovoltaic component 1, used to convert solar energy into direct current electricity; an energy storage module 3, connected to the photovoltaic component 1, used to store direct current electricity; a grid-connected module 4, connected to the photovoltaic component 1, the energy storage module 3 and the external power grid, used to convert direct current electricity into alternating current electricity of the external power grid; a control module 2, connected to the photovoltaic component 1, the energy storage module 3 and the grid-connected module 4, used to obtain power supply information of the power grid from the management system corresponding to the external power grid through a communication interface, so as to determine the load state of the power grid according to the power supply information of the power grid, and perform intelligent scheduling and control of the energy storage module 3 and the grid-connected module 4 based on the load state of the power grid.

[0028] Among them, it can be understood that the system of the present invention can dynamically adjust the working state of the energy storage module 3 and the grid-connected module 4 according to the real-time grid load and electricity price information to achieve the optimal utilization of electric energy. During the low electricity price period, the system gives priority to using the grid electricity for energy storage to reduce the waste of electric energy; during the peak electricity price period, the system gives priority to using the electric energy in the energy storage module 3 to reduce the electricity cost, and then store excess electric energy through the energy storage module 3, which can release electric energy when the photovoltaic component 1 generates insufficient power or during peak electricity consumption periods, ensuring continuous power supply inside the building, improving the energy efficiency of the system, and converting direct current into alternating current through the grid-connected module 4 and connecting it to the grid to achieve a two-way flow of electric energy, which can output electric energy to the grid and obtain electric energy from the grid, thereby alleviating the load pressure of the public grid. In summary, the present invention can dynamically adjust the working state of the energy storage module 3 and the grid-connected module 4 according to the real-time grid power supply information through the above-mentioned intelligent scheduling and control mechanism, thereby optimizing the utilization of electric energy and improving the overall energy utilization efficiency.

[0029] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module 1 is used to convert solar energy into DC power. The photovoltaic module 1 is connected to the energy storage module 3 and the grid-connected module 4 through wires to provide DC power output. The energy storage module 3 is used to be connected to the photovoltaic module 1 to store excess DC power. The energy storage module 3 is connected to the photovoltaic module 1 and the grid-connected module 4 through wires to achieve storage and release of electric energy. The energy storage module 3 may include a battery pack and a battery state estimation (SOC) unit. The battery pack is used to store electric energy. The SOC unit monitors the charge and discharge status of the battery in real time through Kalman filtering, accurately estimates the remaining power, and optimizes the charge and discharge process of the battery.

[0030] In some embodiments, the grid-connected module 4 is used to connect with the photovoltaic module 1, the energy storage module 3 and the external power grid, and is used to convert DC power into AC power of the external power grid. The grid-connected module 4 is connected with the photovoltaic module 1 and the energy storage module 3 through a wire, converts DC power into AC power through an inverter, and connects the power to the external power grid or obtains power from the external power grid through a grid-connected controller, including an inverter and a grid-connected controller. The inverter is used to convert DC power into AC power with the same frequency and phase as the power grid, and the grid-connected controller dynamically adjusts the distribution strategy of energy storage power and grid-connected power through a load prediction algorithm to optimize the load distribution of the power grid.

[0031] In some embodiments, the control module 2 is used to connect with the photovoltaic assembly 1, the energy storage module 3 and the grid-connected module 4, and is used to obtain the grid power supply information from the management system corresponding to the external power grid through the communication interface, so as to determine the grid load state according to the grid power supply information, and perform intelligent dispatching and control of the energy storage module 3 and the grid-connected module 4 based on the grid load state. The control module 2 can be connected with the photovoltaic assembly 1, the energy storage module 3, the grid-connected module 4 and the external power grid management system through a communication interface (such as Ethernet, Wi-Fi, RS485, etc.), including a processor, a memory, a communication interface and an input / output port. The processor is used to execute the control algorithm, the memory is used to store the grid power supply information and control parameters, the communication interface is used for data transmission, and the input / output port is used to connect sensors and actuators.

[0032] In some embodiments, the control module 2 can obtain grid power supply information, including grid load information and electricity price information, from an external grid management system through a communication interface, and collect the power generation of the photovoltaic component 1, the remaining power of the energy storage module 3, the grid connection status of the grid connection module 4, and the electricity demand inside the building in real time through sensors, so that the control module 2 can judge the current load status of the grid according to the grid load information. For example, when the grid load information shows that the grid load is low, it indicates that the grid is in a light load state; when the grid load information shows that the grid load is high, it indicates that the grid is in a heavy load state; further, the control module 2 can judge the current electricity price according to the electricity price information. For example, when the electricity price information shows that the electricity price is low, it indicates that the current electricity price is at a low period; when the electricity price information shows that the electricity price is high, it indicates that the current electricity price is at a peak period.

[0033] It is understandable that the load state of the current power grid is determined based on the power grid load information, and the load state may include the following situations: In the case of light load and low electricity price, control module 2 controls energy storage module 3 to absorb excess electric energy for storage for subsequent use, and control module 2 controls grid-connected module 4 to reduce or stop transmitting electric energy to the grid, giving priority to using the electric energy generated by photovoltaic module 1 for use inside the building; for example, during the day when there is sufficient sunlight and the electricity price is low: power generation of photovoltaic module 1: assuming that the power generation of photovoltaic module 1 is 10kW, and the electricity demand inside the building is 6kW, control energy storage module 3 to absorb excess 4kW of electric energy for storage, control grid-connected module 4 to reduce or stop transmitting electric energy to the grid, giving priority to using the electric energy generated by photovoltaic module 1 for use inside the building.

[0034] When in a heavy load state and the electricity price is high, the control module 2 controls the energy storage module 3 to release the stored electric energy to supplement the electricity demand inside the building, and the control module 2 controls the grid-connected module 4 to obtain electric energy from the grid to meet the electricity demand inside the building and reduce the electric energy extracted from the energy storage module 3; for example, at night when the light is insufficient and the electricity price is high, assuming that the power generation of the photovoltaic module 1 is 0kW and the electricity demand inside the building is 8kW, the energy storage module 3 is controlled to release the stored electric energy to supplement the electricity demand inside the building. If the energy storage module 3 is insufficient, the grid-connected module 4 is controlled to obtain electric energy from the grid to ensure continuous power supply inside the building.

[0035] In addition, when the power generation of the photovoltaic module 1 is greater than the electricity demand inside the building, the control module 2 preferentially controls the energy storage module 3 to absorb excess electricity for storage. If the energy storage module 3 is full or the storage space is limited, the control module 2 controls the grid connection module 4 to connect the excess electricity to the grid.

[0036] When the power generation of the photovoltaic module 1 is less than the electricity demand inside the building, the control module 2 preferentially controls the energy storage module 3 to release the stored electric energy to supplement the electricity demand inside the building. If the power of the energy storage module 3 is insufficient, the control module 2 controls the grid-connected module 4 to obtain electric energy from the power grid to ensure continuous power supply inside the building.

[0037] When a grid failure or abnormality is determined, the control module 2 controls the energy storage module 3 to release the stored electric energy first to ensure continuous power supply inside the building, and the control module 2 controls the grid connection module 4 to disconnect from the grid to prevent the grid failure from affecting the system.

[0038] It is worth noting that, through the detailed explanation of the above embodiments, it can be seen that the intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation in this application realizes intelligent dispatching and control of power grid power supply information by integrating photovoltaic components 1, energy storage modules 3, grid-connected modules 4 and control modules 2. This intelligent dispatching and control mechanism can dynamically adjust the working states of energy storage modules 3 and grid-connected modules 4 according to real-time grid load and electricity price information, thereby optimizing the utilization of electric energy and improving the overall energy utilization efficiency; at the same time, Figure 2 ,Based on the above system, it is also possible to realize functions such as real-time monitoring, remote operation and maintenance, and user management to improve the user experience.

[0039] In some embodiments, the grid power supply information includes grid load information and electricity price information. The control module 2 is used to determine the current grid load state of the external grid based on the grid load information and the electricity price information, and control the energy storage module 3 to release the stored electric energy for power supply, or control the grid connection module 4 to convert electric energy under the grid load state.

[0040] In some embodiments, the control module 2 obtains grid load information, including the total load of the grid, regional load distribution, etc., from the external grid management system through the communication interface. The control module 2 obtains electricity price information, including time-of-use electricity price and real-time electricity price, from the external grid management system through the communication interface.

[0041] In some embodiments, the system operation data may include: real-time collection of the power generation of the photovoltaic component 1 through sensors; real-time collection of the remaining power of the energy storage module 3 through sensors; real-time collection of the grid-connected status of the grid-connected module 4 through sensors; and real-time collection of electricity demand inside the building through sensors.

[0042] In some embodiments, when the grid load information shows that the grid load is lower than a preset load threshold, it indicates that the grid is in a light load state; when the grid load information shows that the grid load is higher than the preset load threshold, it indicates that the grid is in a heavy load state; when the electricity price information shows that the electricity price is lower than the preset electricity price threshold, it indicates that the current electricity price is low; when the electricity price information shows that the electricity price is higher than the preset electricity price threshold, it indicates that the current electricity price is high; further, in the light load state and the electricity price is low, the control module 2 controls the energy storage module 3 to absorb excess electric energy for storage for subsequent use, and controls the grid-connected module 4 to reduce or stop transmitting electric energy to the grid, giving priority to using the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic module 1 for use inside the building; further, in the heavy load state and the electricity price is high, the control module 2 controls the energy storage module 3 to release the stored electric energy to supplement the electricity demand inside the building, controls the grid-connected module 4 to obtain electric energy from the grid to meet the electricity demand inside the building, and reduces the extraction of electric energy from the energy storage module 3.

[0043] In some embodiments, the system also includes a monitoring module 5 connected to the control module 2, and the monitoring module 5 includes: multiple sensors for collecting operating data of the photovoltaic module 1, the energy storage module 3 and the grid-connected module 4; a data processing unit for analyzing the operating data to monitor the health status of the system in real time; an alarm unit for issuing an alarm when an abnormality or fault is detected, wherein the monitoring module 5 can detect the system operating status in real time through cluster analysis and support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, monitor key parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, etc. Once the system has an abnormality or potential fault, the algorithm can quickly identify and issue an early warning, reduce downtime and reduce maintenance costs. This machine learning-based fault detection method improves the safety and stability of the system Among them, the monitoring module 5 is connected to the control module 2, and is used to monitor the operating status of the system in real time, detect abnormalities or faults, and issue an alarm. The monitoring module 5 is connected to the control module 2 through a communication interface, and collects the operating data of the photovoltaic component 1, the energy storage module 3 and the grid-connected module 4 through sensors. The monitoring module 5 includes: multiple sensors, used to collect the operating data of the photovoltaic component 1, the energy storage module 3 and the grid-connected module 4, including parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature; a data processing unit, used to analyze the collected operating data and monitor the health status of the system in real time; an alarm unit, used to issue an alarm when an abnormality or fault is detected, prompting maintenance personnel to check and repair.

[0044] In some embodiments, multiple sensors are used to collect operating data of the photovoltaic component 1, the energy storage module 3 and the grid-connected module 4, including but not limited to parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, humidity, light intensity, etc. The sensors are connected to the data processing unit of the monitoring module 5 through a communication interface (such as I2C, SPI, UART, etc.). For example, the multiple sensors may include a voltage sensor: monitoring the voltage of the photovoltaic component 1 and the energy storage module 3; a current sensor: monitoring the current of the photovoltaic component 1, the energy storage module 3 and the grid-connected module 4; a temperature sensor: monitoring the temperature of the photovoltaic component 1, the energy storage module 3 and the grid-connected module 4; a humidity sensor: monitoring the ambient humidity; and a light intensity sensor: monitoring the intensity of sunlight.

[0045] In some embodiments, the data processing unit is used to analyze the collected operation data and monitor the health status of the system in real time. The specific process may include: the sensor collects the operation data of the photovoltaic module 1, the energy storage module 3 and the grid-connected module 4 in real time, performs pre-processing such as filtering and calibration on the collected data, removes noise and outliers, analyzes the data through algorithms (such as statistical analysis, machine learning models), evaluates the operation status and health status of the system, detects anomalies or faults in the system according to preset thresholds and rules, and the data processing unit is connected to the control module 2 through a communication interface to transmit the analysis results in real time. Specifically, a low-pass filter can be used to remove high-frequency noise, a statistical analysis method can be used to calculate the average and standard deviation, evaluate the stability of the system, and a temperature threshold can be set to determine an over-temperature fault when the temperature exceeds the threshold.

[0046] In some embodiments, the alarm unit is used to sound an alarm when an abnormality or fault is detected, prompting maintenance personnel to check and repair. The alarm can be sounded in the following ways: sound alarm: a sound alarm is sounded through a buzzer or a speaker; light alarm: a visual alarm is sounded through an LED light or other indicator light; remote alarm: a text message, email or push notification is sent to the maintenance personnel through a network connection; connection relationship: the alarm unit is connected to the data processing unit through a communication interface, receives a fault detection signal and triggers a corresponding alarm mechanism.

[0047] In some embodiments, the system also includes an operation and maintenance module 6 connected to the control module 2, and the operation and maintenance module 6 includes: a network connection module, which is used to connect the system to a remote management platform to realize remote transmission and access of data, and the network connection module converts different data formats in the system into a unified transmission protocol through a protocol converter; a remote control unit, which is connected to the remote management platform through the network connection module, and is used to receive and execute control and optimization instructions sent by the remote management platform to adjust the power output of the system or update the control program of the system; a data storage unit, which is used to record the operating data of the system and the executed control and optimization instructions; it can be understood that the present invention realizes real-time monitoring and remote operation and maintenance management of the photovoltaic power generation system by integrating the intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module 6. The monitoring module 5 can collect system operation data in real time, detect and handle faults in time, and avoid losses caused by delayed maintenance. The operation and maintenance module 6 uses the Internet of Things technology to enable maintenance personnel to remotely manage the system, reduce the cost of on-site maintenance and improve maintenance efficiency.

[0048] Among them, the operation and maintenance module 6 can upload the real-time operation data of the system to the cloud platform for remote monitoring, maintenance and updating. This unattended remote management method can greatly reduce labor costs and improve fault response speed, making the system more intelligent and efficient in the operation and maintenance process.

[0049] In some embodiments, the network connection module is used to connect the system to a remote management platform to realize remote transmission and access of data. The network connection module is connected to the control module 2 through a communication interface (such as Ethernet, Wi-Fi, 4G / 5G, etc.) and is connected to the remote management platform through the Internet. Protocol converter: used to convert different data formats within the system (such as Modbus, CAN, MQTT, etc.) into a unified transmission protocol (such as HTTP, HTTPS, MQTT, etc.) to ensure the standardization and compatibility of data transmission.

[0050] In some embodiments, the remote control unit: is connected to the remote management platform through a network connection module, and is used to receive and execute control and optimization instructions sent by the remote management platform to adjust the power output of the system or update the control program of the system; the remote control unit is connected to the control module 2 through a communication interface, and is connected to the remote management platform through a network connection module; the remote control unit library includes: a processor: used to process received control and optimization instructions; a communication interface: used to communicate with the control module 2 and the network connection module; an actuator: used to execute control instructions, such as adjusting the charging and discharging strategy of the energy storage module 3, controlling the grid-connected status of the grid-connected module 4, etc.

[0051] In some embodiments, the data storage unit is used to record the system's operating data and the executed control and optimization instructions. The data storage unit is connected to the control module 2 via a communication interface, wherein the data storage unit may include a storage medium: such as an SD card, a hard disk, a solid-state drive, etc., for storing a large amount of operating data and control instructions; data management software: for managing and querying stored data, and supporting data backup and recovery functions.

[0052] In some embodiments, the system also includes a display module 8 connected to the control module 2, and the display module 8 includes: a display screen for displaying the system's operating status, energy consumption, power generation efficiency and fault warning information in real time; a user interface for user interaction with the system, providing system preset energy efficiency optimization suggestions and operation guides, wherein the display module 8 provides the user with a visual interface for system operation, displaying key information such as current power generation, energy consumption, and energy storage status. Through the display module 8, the user can view the system's operating status in real time, understand the energy efficiency, and make corresponding management decisions based on the feedback from data analysis to optimize the overall efficiency of the system. It can be understood that the display module 8 is responsible for displaying the system's monitoring data and operation and maintenance data in real time, using data visualization algorithms to process the data collected by the monitoring and operation and maintenance module 6, and intuitively displaying it in the form of charts, dashboards, etc.; users can fully grasp the system's operating status and energy efficiency through the display module 8, support multiple view switching and customized display, and help users make wise operational decisions.

[0053] In some embodiments, the system also includes a display module 8 connected to the control module 2. The display module 8 may include: a display screen used to display the system's operating status, energy consumption, power generation efficiency and fault warning information in real time, and connected to the control module 2 through a communication interface (such as SPI, I2C, UART, etc.); a user interface: used for user interaction with the system, providing system preset energy efficiency optimization suggestions and operation guides, and the user interface is connected to the control module 2 through the communication interface.

[0054] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic component 1 includes a maximum power point tracking unit, which is used to perform adaptive optimization based on fuzzy logic and artificial neural networks to adjust the operating point of the photovoltaic component 1 in real time under different light intensities and ambient temperatures, wherein the maximum power point tracking unit is used to adjust the operating point of the photovoltaic component 1 in real time under different light intensities and ambient temperatures to maximize the output power of the photovoltaic component 1.

[0055] It can be understood that the maximum power point tracking unit collects parameters such as the voltage, current, light intensity and ambient temperature of the photovoltaic component 1 in real time through sensors, uses a fuzzy logic algorithm to process the collected data, generates a preliminary control signal according to changes in light intensity and ambient temperature, and uses an artificial neural network to further optimize the control signal generated by the fuzzy logic. Through learning and training, the system can adaptively adjust the operating point of the photovoltaic component 1 under different working conditions, and then combine fuzzy logic and artificial neural networks to adjust the operating point of the photovoltaic component 1 in real time to ensure that it is always near the maximum power point and maximize the output power.

[0056] Specifically, when PV module 1 is working under a certain light intensity with an output power of P1, the light intensity suddenly increases, and the sensor detects the change in light intensity. The maximum power point tracking unit uses a fuzzy logic algorithm to preliminarily adjust the working point of PV module 1, and then further optimizes it through an artificial neural network. The working point of PV module 1 is adjusted to a new maximum power point, and the output power increases to P2, ensuring that the system is always in an efficient working state.

[0057] In some embodiments, it can be seen that the intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation realizes comprehensive management and optimization of the system by integrating photovoltaic components 1, energy storage modules 3, grid-connected modules 4, control modules 2, monitoring modules 5, operation and maintenance modules 6 and display modules 8. The maximum power point tracking unit of the photovoltaic component 1 performs adaptive optimization through fuzzy logic and artificial neural networks to ensure that the working point of the photovoltaic component 1 is adjusted in real time under different light intensities and ambient temperatures to maximize the output power. This intelligent management mechanism not only improves the overall energy efficiency of the system, but also reduces maintenance costs and improves the user experience.

[0058] Among them, the above-mentioned adaptive MPPT algorithm based on fuzzy logic and artificial neural network can respond to changes in light intensity and temperature more quickly than the traditional MPPT algorithm, and dynamically adjust the working point of the photovoltaic module 1 to keep it in the maximum power output state, which not only improves the overall energy conversion efficiency of the system, but also can optimize the power generation effect under different environmental conditions.

[0059] In some embodiments, further, when the control module 2 performs linkage control between the energy storage module 3 and the grid connection module 4, when the grid load is low, the electric energy is preferentially stored in the energy storage system, and when the grid load is high, the stored electric power is released to supply power to optimize the distribution of electric energy. At the same time, the system can also combine the electricity price information to intelligently select the appropriate time period for grid connection or energy storage operation to maximize economic benefits; and the control module 2 is also used to dynamically adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module 1 based on the position of the sun to ensure that the solar energy is absorbed to the maximum extent. This function works in conjunction with the adaptive MPPT algorithm to further improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, adapt to changes in sunlight, and improve the continuity of power generation.

[0060] In some embodiments, the MPPT algorithm in the present application can continuously adjust the working point of the photovoltaic component 1 so that it can maintain maximum power output under different sunshine and temperature conditions. The output voltage and current of the photovoltaic component 1 are collected in real time through sensors, and the current power value is obtained using voltage sensors and current sensors. The algorithm design based on fuzzy logic uses the input voltage, current, and ambient temperature, and uses the fuzzy logic system to infer whether the system is close to the maximum power point according to the changes in the voltage and current of the photovoltaic output. If the output power increases, the voltage is adjusted forward; if the power decreases, the voltage is adjusted backward. The fuzzy controller continuously optimizes the adjustment strategy by training the neural network model, and quickly converges to the maximum power point. First, through fuzzy logic judgment, the working point is dynamically adjusted at each moment, avoiding the jitter problem of the traditional perturbation observation method, and can adapt to faster environmental changes.

[0061] In some embodiments, the energy storage module 3 includes a battery state estimation unit, which is used to monitor the charge and discharge state of the battery in real time through Kalman filtering to estimate the remaining power, and store and output electric energy based on the remaining power. The battery state estimation unit introduces a battery state estimation (SOC) algorithm based on Kalman filtering, which can accurately estimate the remaining power of the battery according to the battery charge and discharge curve, real-time voltage and current data, thereby avoiding overcharging or over-discharging. This can significantly extend the battery life while ensuring the stability and efficiency of the system under different loads.

[0062] It can be understood that the main function of the energy storage module 3 provided in the embodiment of the present invention is to store the excess electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation components, especially when there is sufficient sunlight during the day to provide guarantee for the power demand at night or when there is insufficient sunlight; the energy storage module 3 is usually composed of a high-efficiency lithium battery pack with high energy density and long cycle life; in order to accurately manage the charging and discharging process of the battery, the energy storage module 3 adopts a state estimation algorithm SOC, which calculates the current charge state by measuring the voltage, current and temperature of the battery, and combines the Kalman filter to predict the remaining available capacity of the battery; the algorithm also optimizes the charging and discharging strategy through a predictive model, thereby extending the battery life and improving the overall efficiency of the system.

[0063] In some embodiments, the grid-connected module 4 includes: an inverter for converting the direct current generated by the photovoltaic module 1 into alternating current with the same frequency and phase as the external power grid; a grid-connected controller for scheduling the energy storage power of the energy storage module 3 and the grid-connected power of the grid-connected module 4, and adjusting the grid load distribution. It can be understood that the grid-connected module 4 is responsible for converting the stored direct current power into alternating current with the same frequency and phase as the power grid, and connecting it to the public power grid. This module usually includes an inverter and a grid-connected controller, and a synchronous control algorithm is used to ensure that the alternating current output by the inverter is synchronized with the frequency and phase of the public power grid. The grid-connected module 4 also uses a fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm to analyze the frequency and phase of the power grid in real time and adjust the output signal of the inverter to avoid power grid disturbances. In addition, a power factor correction algorithm is used to optimize the power quality and reduce harmonic interference, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the grid-connected process.

[0064] In some embodiments, Figure 2 An intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation provided by an embodiment of the present invention may include: a photovoltaic component 1, a control module 2, an energy storage module 3, a grid-connected module 4, a monitoring module 5, an operation and maintenance module 6, a fixing module 7, and a display module 8; the photovoltaic component 1 is connected to the control module 2 and is used to directly convert solar energy into direct current power using a photovoltaic panel; the control module 2 is connected to the photovoltaic component 1, the energy storage module 3, the grid-connected module 4, the monitoring module 5, the operation and maintenance module 6, the fixing module 7, and the display module 8 and is used to control the normal operation of each module; the energy storage module 3 is connected to the control module 2 and is used to convert the photovoltaic component 1 into direct current power. The excess electric energy generated is stored; the grid-connected module 4 is connected to the control module 2, and is used to convert the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation system into alternating current with the same frequency and phase as the power grid through the grid-connected inverter, and integrate it into the public power grid; the monitoring module 5 is connected to the control module 2, and is used to monitor the operating status of the photovoltaic power generation system in real time, and to detect and handle faults in time; the operation and maintenance module 6 is connected to the control module 2, and is used to realize remote operation and maintenance management through the Internet of Things technology; the fixed module 7 is connected to the control module 2, and is used to connect and fix the crystalline silicon photovoltaic tiles to the building; the display module 8 is connected to the control module 2, and is used to display monitoring and operation and maintenance data.

[0065] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module 1 uses photovoltaic panels installed on the roof to directly convert solar energy into DC power. The module is composed of multiple photovoltaic modules 1, which can effectively capture solar energy and achieve efficient conversion. When the power generated by the photovoltaic module 1 exceeds the immediate power demand, the control module 2 will instruct the energy storage module 3 to store the excess power for use when there is insufficient light such as cloudy days or at night. This process ensures the efficient use of power and improves the stability and reliability of the system.

[0066] In some embodiments, the control module 2 monitors the output power of the photovoltaic module 1 in real time, converts the direct current into alternating current with the same frequency and phase as the power grid through the grid-connected module 4, and uses the grid-connected inverter to connect the converted power to the public power grid. This process not only realizes the self-use of photovoltaic power generation, but also can feed back excess power to the power grid, bringing additional benefits to users. The current, voltage and other parameters in the grid-connected module 4 are controlled in real time by the control module 2 to ensure that the power quality meets the requirements of the power grid.

[0067] In some embodiments, the monitoring module 5 is responsible for real-time monitoring of the operating status of the entire photovoltaic power generation system, including key parameters such as current, voltage, temperature, and light intensity. The control module 2 can timely detect and warn potential faults in the system through the real-time data collected by the monitoring module 5. At the same time, the operation and maintenance module 6 realizes remote operation and maintenance management through the Internet of Things technology, allowing operation and maintenance personnel to remotely view the system status at any time and any place, and perform fault diagnosis and maintenance operations. This intelligent operation and maintenance method significantly improves the reliability and maintenance efficiency of the system.

[0068] In some embodiments, the display module 8 is connected to the control module 2 to intuitively present the data collected by the monitoring and operation and maintenance module 6 to the user. The user can view the power generation, energy storage status, grid connection status and system operation status of the photovoltaic system in real time through the display interface. The display module 8 also provides a historical data query function to help users understand the long-term performance of the system and make corresponding adjustments. In addition, the user can adjust and configure some parameters of the system through this interface to achieve intelligent management of the photovoltaic power generation system.

[0069] In some embodiments, the signal data processing process of the present invention is coordinated by multiple modules to ensure efficient and safe operation of the photovoltaic power generation system and realize intelligent management. The following is a detailed signal data processing process: Photovoltaic power generation and preliminary data processing: The photovoltaic module 1 first directly converts solar energy into DC power through the photovoltaic panel. The generated power is not only directly supplied, but also transmitted to the control module 2. The control module 2 receives the data of the photovoltaic module 1 in real time, including information such as power generation, voltage, and current. The control module 2 performs preliminary processing on these data to determine whether the current power generation meets the immediate power demand of the building.

[0070] Energy storage and grid-connected data management: If the power of the photovoltaic module 1 exceeds the current demand, the control module 2 transfers the excess power to the energy storage module 3 for storage. While receiving and storing the power, the energy storage module 3 feeds back the storage status and capacity information to the control module 2. If the energy storage module 3 is full or the power needs to be connected to the public grid, the control module 2 controls the grid-connected module 4 to convert the power into AC power with the same frequency and phase as the public grid through the grid-connected inverter. The grid-connected module 4 transmits the converted AC power energy data back to the control module 2 so that the grid-connected status can be monitored and adjusted in real time.

[0071] Real-time monitoring and fault handling: The monitoring module 5 continuously collects the operating status data of the photovoltaic power generation system, such as the temperature of the photovoltaic module 1, the power of the energy storage module 3, the grid connection status, etc. All these data will be transmitted to the control module 2. The control module 2 analyzes the data transmitted by the monitoring module 5 and identifies any abnormalities or faults. Once an abnormality is detected, the control module 2 immediately issues an alarm and presents the relevant information to the system administrator through the display module 8, and starts the preset emergency handling procedure.

[0072] Remote operation and maintenance and data display: The operation and maintenance module 6 is connected to the control module 2 through the Internet of Things technology to realize remote monitoring and operation and maintenance of the photovoltaic power generation system. All collected operating data, including power generation, energy storage status, grid connection status and monitoring information, are summarized and analyzed by the operation and maintenance module 6. The operation and maintenance personnel can diagnose and control the system by remotely accessing the operation and maintenance module 6. In some embodiments, the grid-connected module 4 is also used to convert the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation system into alternating current with the same frequency and phase as the power grid through a grid-connected inverter, and connect it to the public power grid, as well as to realize power trading between the photovoltaic power generation system and the power grid, provide clean electricity for the power grid, and obtain corresponding economic benefits.

[0073] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 31 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fixing module 7 in a photovoltaic-based intelligent building roof system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, the system further includes a fixing module 7 connected to a photovoltaic module 1, and the fixing module 7 is used to fix the photovoltaic module 1 to the roof of a target building. The fixing module 7 includes: an insulating cylinder 10, wrapped outside a first wiring board 11 and a second wiring board 12; the first wiring board 11 is connected to the positive pole of the photovoltaic module 1 and is connected to the photovoltaic module 1 through the insulating cylinder 10; the second wiring board 12 is connected to the negative pole of the photovoltaic module 1 and is connected to the photovoltaic module 1 through the insulating cylinder 10; a wiring cylinder 13 is inserted into the insulating cylinder 10 and is used to fix a vertical wiring strip 14; the vertical wiring strip 14 is inserted into the wiring cylinder 13 and is fixed by a wedge-shaped connecting block 15; the wedge-shaped connecting block 15 is embedded in the wiring cylinder 13 to fix the vertical wiring strip 1 4 is squeezed to make it in close contact with the wiring barrel 13; the elastic wiring board 16 is in contact with the vertical wiring strip 14 and provides a fixing force through elastic deformation; the first magnet 18 is installed at one end of the photovoltaic component 1 for quick installation and removal; the second magnet 19 is installed at the corresponding position of the fixing module 7 and is used in conjunction with the first magnet 18; the waterproof rubber ring 20 is installed on the top of the insulating barrel 10 to prevent moisture from entering the electrical connection part; the sealing retaining ring 22 is installed on the outside of the wiring barrel 13 to work together with the waterproof rubber ring 20 to form a multiple seal, wherein the fixing module 7 provided in the embodiment of the present invention is used to connect and fix the crystalline silicon photovoltaic tile to the building roof structure, and ensure the safety of the electrical connection and the wind and earthquake resistance of the structure, optimize the installation angle and bracket structure of the photovoltaic tile, so as to ensure the stability under different climatic conditions.

[0074] In some embodiments, it is worth noting that when installing existing crystalline silicon roof tiles, both sides of the curved tiles are inserted into the connectors, and then hung on the roof of the building through the tile hanging strips on the connectors. The installation is troublesome and inconvenient for construction. Moreover, since the curved tiles and the connectors are plug-in connection structures, they are easy to move left and right or even fall off after installation, posing a safety hazard. Therefore, the present application can fix the photovoltaic module 1 on the roof structure of the building through the fixing module 7 to ensure its safety and stability under various environmental conditions, and optimize the installation angle of the photovoltaic module 1 through the intelligent control device that dynamically adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic module 1 to achieve the best sunlight capture effect.

[0075] It can be understood that a crystalline silicon solar curved tile fixing structure provided by the fixing module 7 can firmly connect the crystalline silicon curved tile assembly with the tile hanging strip, thereby reducing potential safety hazards. The intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation of the present invention realizes efficient utilization of solar energy and intelligent management of building energy through the coordinated work of multiple modules such as photovoltaic power generation, intelligent control, energy storage, grid connection, monitoring and operation and maintenance, which not only improves the energy self-sufficiency rate and intelligence level of the building, but also promotes the popularization and development of renewable energy.

[0076] In some embodiments, the design of the fixing module 7 also improves the connection stability and earthquake resistance between the photovoltaic module 1 and the building roof, and optimizes the safety of the electrical connection. By using the insulating tube 10, the waterproof rubber ring 20, the magnetic connection and other technical means, the potential safety hazards in the electrical connection are solved, and the long-term stable operation of the system is ensured. In combination with the wedge-shaped connection block 15 and the elastic wiring board 16, the durability of the photovoltaic module 1 in various environments is further enhanced.

[0077] In some embodiments, the fixing module 7 provided in the embodiments of the present invention has a precise structural design, which is used to firmly connect the photovoltaic module 1 to the roof of the building, while ensuring the safety of the electrical connection and the long-term stable operation of the system. The working principle is as follows: Photovoltaic modules and electrical connections: Photovoltaic modules are connected to the roof structure through fixed modules. The module contains multiple photovoltaic cells, which convert solar energy into electrical energy through electrical connections. In order to ensure the transmission of current, the fixed module is equipped with a first terminal block and a second terminal block, which are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the photovoltaic module to ensure that the current can flow smoothly from the photovoltaic module to the power system.

[0078] Insulation and safety protection: The insulation tube is wrapped around the outside of the terminal block to isolate the terminal block from the external environment and prevent current leakage. By using insulating materials, the fixed module effectively improves the safety of the system and avoids electrical failures caused by poor contact or environmental factors. At the same time, the insulation tube can also prevent dust and moisture from entering the wiring area.

[0079] Stable fixation and earthquake-resistant design: In order to ensure that the photovoltaic modules remain stable and do not fall off under adverse weather conditions, the fixed module uses a wedge-shaped connection block and an elastic wiring board for mechanical fixation. The wedge-shaped connection block fastens the connection components by snapping, and the elastic wiring board provides appropriate pressure through the spring 21, making the connection tighter and having a certain earthquake resistance, preventing loosening caused by vibration or thermal expansion and contraction.

[0080] Magnetic connection and easy disassembly: The first magnet 18 and the second magnet 19 are designed to quickly realize the installation and disassembly of the photovoltaic module. The attraction between the magnets ensures that the photovoltaic module is tightly connected when fixed, and when maintenance or replacement of the module is required, the user only needs to overcome the attraction of the magnets to easily disassemble it. This design greatly simplifies the installation and maintenance process.

[0081] Waterproof sealing and weather resistance: In order to prevent rain or moisture from entering the wiring barrel, the fixed module is equipped with a waterproof rubber ring 20 and a sealing retaining ring 22. The waterproof rubber ring 20 further enhances the sealing of the module, effectively preventing moisture penetration, ensuring that the wiring is dry and clean, and avoiding electrical short circuits or corrosion problems caused by moisture.

[0082] Vertical electrical connection: The vertical wiring strip runs through the entire fixed module and is responsible for vertically transmitting the electricity generated by the photovoltaic module to the power system below. The vertically arranged wiring strip not only simplifies the connection path between the photovoltaic module and the power system, but also improves the stability of power transmission, reduces power loss, and ensures the efficient operation of the system.

[0083] In some embodiments, the process of installing a photovoltaic module using a fixed assembly is as follows: installing the fixed module at a predetermined position on the roof of the target building; connecting the positive pole of the photovoltaic module to a first terminal board and the negative pole to a second terminal board, and ensuring the safety of the electrical connection through an insulating tube; inserting the vertical terminal strip into the terminal tube and fixing it with a wedge-shaped connecting block to ensure the firmness of the mechanical connection. The elastic terminal board contacts the vertical terminal strip to provide additional fixing force; the first magnet 18 is installed at one end of the photovoltaic component, and the second magnet 19 is installed at the corresponding position of the fixed module, and the photovoltaic component is quickly installed by magnetic adsorption; further, the system operation in the above embodiment is started, the sensor collects the voltage and current of the photovoltaic component, the remaining power of the energy storage module, and the grid-connected status of the grid-connected module in real time, and the data processing unit pre-processes and analyzes the collected data to confirm that the system is operating normally; the control module intelligently dispatches the working status of the energy storage module and the grid-connected module according to the grid load information and electricity price information to optimize the utilization of electric energy; further, when the photovoltaic component needs to be maintained or replaced, the photovoltaic component is quickly disassembled by magnetic adsorption to facilitate maintenance, and the monitoring module monitors the operating status of the system in real time, detects abnormalities or faults, and issues an alarm to prompt maintenance personnel to check and repair.

[0084] In some embodiments, the crystalline silicon curved tile assembly in the fixed module is an S-shaped structure used for solar power generation. The tile hanging bar is set under the crystalline silicon curved tile assembly to fix the crystalline silicon curved tile assembly. The metal support is fixed on the tile hanging bar to fix the crystalline silicon curved tile assembly on the tile hanging bar. Figure 3Schematic diagram of the fixing structure of crystalline silicon solar curved tile The top of the crystalline silicon curved tile assembly is fixed to the tile bar through a metal support. A support fixing hole is provided on the side panel below the metal support. Bolts are inserted into the support fixing hole to fix the metal support to the tile bar. The upper end of the metal support is a hollow structure, and the top surface is an inclined surface. A frame-shaped metal hanger is sleeved on the inclined surface of the metal support. The top surface of the metal hanger is glued to the inner wall of the crystalline silicon curved tile assembly. A through hole is provided at the bottom of the arc surface at the other end of the crystalline silicon curved tile assembly. A long bolt is inserted into the through hole. The crystalline silicon curved tile assembly is fixed to the tile bar through the long bolt. In order to prevent the crystalline silicon curved tile assembly from being damaged by the long bolt during installation, nylon rings are sleeved on the long bolts on the upper and lower sides of the crystalline silicon curved tile assembly to protect the crystalline silicon curved tile assembly from being damaged by the long bolts.

[0085] It is understandable that during installation, the metal hanger is fixed to the non-hole side of the back of the crystalline silicon curved tile assembly with glue, and then the metal support is fixed to one side of the tile hanging strip with bolts, and a nylon ferrule is put on the long bolt, which passes through the through hole on the crystalline silicon curved tile assembly, and another nylon ferrule is put on the long bolt that passes through the crystalline silicon curved tile assembly, and then the metal hanger on the inside of the crystalline silicon curved tile assembly is inserted into the hollow structure on the metal support, and the long bolt is directly screwed into the tile hanging strip for fixing, and the installation of the crystalline silicon curved tile assembly can be completed. The crystalline silicon curved tile assembly is fixed on one side with a metal hanger and a metal support, and fixed on the other side with a long bolt, which can firmly connect the crystalline silicon curved tile assembly to the tile hanging strip, prevent the crystalline silicon curved tile assembly from moving left and right, and reduce safety hazards. This structure is easy to install and disassemble, and easy to maintain later.

[0086] In some embodiments, the fixed component also includes a photovoltaic tile connected to a power transmission device, including a positive pole arranged on the front of the photovoltaic component and a negative pole arranged on the back of the photovoltaic component, the positive and negative poles are respectively located at the two ends of the photovoltaic component, and are respectively connected with positive and negative pole connectors, and the positive and negative pole connectors are adapted to each other; the positive pole connector includes an insulating cylinder fixedly installed on the front of the photovoltaic component, a first terminal board is arranged in the insulating cylinder, the first terminal board is fixedly installed on the front of the photovoltaic component, and the first terminal board is fixedly connected to the positive pole of the photovoltaic component; the negative pole connector includes a second terminal board fixedly connected to the back of the photovoltaic component, and the second terminal board is fixedly connected to the negative pole of the photovoltaic component; the bottom end of the second terminal board is fixedly connected with a terminal barrel, and a plurality of vertical straight lines are fixedly connected to the upper circumferential direction of the first terminal board, and the plurality of vertical straight lines are all sleeved in the terminal barrel, and the vertical straight lines are abutted against the terminal barrel.

[0087] In some embodiments, the vertical straight line in the fixed assembly is a V-shaped structure, and the vertical straight line is composed of a vertical section at the bottom and an inclined section at the top. A wedge-shaped connecting block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the wiring barrel, and the wiring barrel is limitedly matched with the vertical straight line through the wedge-shaped connecting block. An elastic wiring board is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the wiring barrel, and the cross-section of the elastic wiring board is an arc structure. The elastic wiring board is located above the wedge-shaped connecting block, and the elastic wiring board is in contact with the top of the vertical straight line. The first terminal 17 is fixed in the middle position of the top of the first wiring board, and the top of the first terminal 17 is fixedly connected to the first magnet 18. A second magnet 19 is installed in the middle of the bottom end of the elastic wiring board, and the first magnet 18 and the second magnet 19 are arranged correspondingly and adsorbed. A mounting hole is provided in the middle of the elastic wiring board, and a second terminal is slidably connected in the mounting hole. The second magnet 19 is fixedly sleeved at the bottom of the second terminal, and the second magnet 19 is slidably matched with the elastic wiring board through the second terminal, and the second terminal is correspondingly arranged with the first terminal 17; a spring 21 is sleeved on the second terminal, and the two ends of the spring 21 are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the second magnet 19 and the bottom of the elastic wiring board. A sealing retaining ring 22 is provided on the outside of the wiring barrel, and the second wiring board and the sealing retaining ring 22 are gap-matched, and the top of the sealing retaining ring 22 is fixedly installed on the back of the photovoltaic module; a waterproof rubber ring 20 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing retaining ring 22 in the vertical direction, and the waterproof rubber ring 20 abuts against the outer wall of the insulating tube. The insulating tube is a hard rubber tube. Several rubber pads are fixedly connected to the front of the photovoltaic module, and the several rubber pads and the insulating tube are located in the same vertical plane, and the top of the rubber pad is flush with the top of the insulating tube.

[0088] In some embodiments, when the photovoltaic tile connection transmission device in the fixed component is connected to the circuit between two photovoltaic components, one end of one photovoltaic component is covered on top of one end of the other photovoltaic component, and the negative connector of the photovoltaic component located above is connected to the positive connector of the photovoltaic component located below. The positive connector and the negative connector are made of metal materials except for the insulating tube to ensure the connectivity of the circuit. When the negative connector is connected to the positive connector, the wiring barrel of the negative connector is first inserted into the insulating tube, and the vertical straight line of the positive connector is inserted into the wiring barrel. During this process, the wedge-shaped connection block on the inner wall of the wiring barrel will squeeze the inclined section of the vertical straight line, causing the vertical straight line to deform in the direction of the first terminal 17 until the wedge-shaped connection block contacts the vertical section of the vertical straight line. The vertical straight line is reset under the action of its own elastic force, and the inclined section of the vertical straight line is used to limit the wedge-shaped connection block. At the same time, there is always a certain action between the vertical straight line and the wedge-shaped connection block to ensure the connection effect between the vertical straight line and the wiring barrel. When the wedge-shaped connecting block contacts the vertical section of the vertical straight line, the inclined section of the vertical straight line contacts the elastic terminal block in the terminal barrel, and forms a certain squeezing effect on the elastic terminal block under the action of the vertical straight line. By utilizing the elasticity of the elastic terminal block itself, it can be ensured that the elastic terminal block is always in contact with the inclined section of the vertical straight line. In addition, when the elastic terminal block contacts the inclined section of the vertical straight line, through the arrangement of the first magnet 18 and the second magnet 19, the second terminal block is connected to the first terminal block 17 under the action of mutual magnetic attraction, and under the action of the spring 21, the connection effect between the first terminal block 17 and the elastic terminal block can be strengthened. When the positive connector and the negative connector are connected, the top of the insulating cylinder contacts the back of another photovoltaic module. Under the action of the gravity of the photovoltaic module itself, a relatively closed space can be formed between the insulating cylinder and the two photovoltaic modules, which can prevent rainwater from entering the insulating cylinder, thereby achieving a good waterproof effect. A sealing ring 22 is also provided on the outside of the wiring cylinder. The sealing ring 22 is connected to the top outer wall of the insulating cylinder through a waterproof rubber ring 20, which can further improve the sealing and waterproof effect of the insulating cylinder.

[0089] In some embodiments, the positive connector and the negative connector of the photovoltaic tile connection transmission device in the fixed component are connected through a wiring barrel and a plurality of vertical straight lines, which can not only ensure the circuit connection effect between the two photovoltaic components, but also increase the contact area between the positive connector and the negative connector, thereby improving the safety of the circuit connection; when using the photovoltaic tile connection transmission device, when laying the photovoltaic roof, it is only necessary to insert the wiring barrel of the negative connector into the insulating barrel corresponding to the positive connector to achieve the circuit connection between the two photovoltaic components, thereby reducing the construction difficulty of the photovoltaic roof when laying; at the same time, it saves the use of a large number of junction boxes, while reducing a certain laying cost, it can also achieve a waterproof effect at the positive and negative pole connections through the setting of the insulating barrel, thereby solving the safety hazard of short circuit in the photovoltaic roof circuit.

[0090] The specific implementation is as follows: Photovoltaic modules: You can choose crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels, each with a power of 350W, installed on the roof of the building, with a total installed capacity of 10kW; photovoltaic panels are connected in series and parallel to ensure stable power output under different lighting conditions.

[0091] Control module: PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) is used as the control module, which integrates multiple communication interfaces and is used to connect photovoltaic modules, energy storage modules, grid-connected modules, monitoring modules, operation and maintenance modules, fixed modules and display modules. The control module has real-time data processing and multi-task scheduling capabilities, and can coordinate the work of various modules to ensure the overall efficiency and stability of the system.

[0092] Energy storage module: A set of 10kWh lithium battery packs is selected as the energy storage module, equipped with BMS (battery management system) to manage the battery charging and discharging process. The energy storage module is connected to the control module through a DC / DC converter to store electricity when there is excess photovoltaic power generation and to power the building when there is insufficient photovoltaic power generation.

[0093] Grid-connected module: A 10kW grid-connected inverter is used to convert the DC power generated by the photovoltaic modules into AC power, and the power is connected to the public grid through the grid-connected controller. The inverter has MPPT (maximum power point tracking) function to ensure that the output efficiency of the photovoltaic panels is maximized under different lighting conditions.

[0094] Monitoring module: Deploy multiple sensors, including current, voltage, temperature, and light intensity sensors, distributed in key locations such as photovoltaic panels, energy storage systems, and grid-connected equipment. These sensors transmit real-time data to the control module for processing through wireless communication or wired connection.

[0095] Operation and maintenance module: The IoT platform is used to achieve remote monitoring and management of the system through 4G / 5G network or wired network connection. The operation and maintenance module supports remote firmware updates, data collection, fault diagnosis and other functions to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the system.

[0096] Fixing modules: Choose a weather-resistant aluminum alloy bracket system to firmly fix the photovoltaic panels on the building roof. The bracket design meets safety standards such as wind load and snow load, and can adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels to optimize the capture of solar energy.

[0097] Display module: equipped with a liquid crystal display, installed inside the building, used to display the system's power generation, energy storage status, grid connection status, system temperature and other parameters in real time. The display module also supports touch operation, allowing users to view historical data and adjust system settings.

[0098] Ginseng Figure 4 , Figure 4 The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for controlling a roof of an intelligent building based on photovoltaic power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention; in a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling a roof of an intelligent building based on photovoltaic power generation, the method is applied to any one of the intelligent building roof systems based on photovoltaic power generation in the first aspect, and the method comprises the following steps: Step S101, obtaining power supply information of the power grid from a management system corresponding to the external power grid through a communication interface; Step S102, determining the grid load state according to the grid power supply information; Step S103, intelligently dispatching and controlling the energy storage module and the grid-connected module based on the grid load status.

[0099] In summary, the method of the present application is applied to any one of the photovoltaic power generation-based intelligent building roof systems in the first aspect. The photovoltaic power generation-based intelligent building roof system provided by the present invention can be composed of multiple modules, including photovoltaic components, energy storage modules, grid-connected modules, monitoring modules, operation and maintenance modules, fixed modules and display modules, so that the photovoltaic components are responsible for directly converting solar energy into electrical energy, the energy storage module is used to store excess electrical energy for use when the light is insufficient, and the grid-connected module can convert the generated electrical energy into alternating current through a grid-connected inverter and integrate it into the public power grid, thereby ensuring the efficient operation of the system power generation and the intelligent interaction of the power grid.

[0100] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation, characterized in that: include: Photovoltaic modules, which convert solar energy into direct current electricity; An energy storage module, connected to the photovoltaic module, and used to store the DC electric energy; A grid-connected module, connected to the photovoltaic module, the energy storage module and the external power grid, for converting the DC power into the AC power of the external power grid; A control module is connected to the photovoltaic assembly, the energy storage module and the grid-connected module, and is used to obtain grid power supply information from a management system corresponding to the external power grid through a communication interface, so as to determine a grid load state according to the grid power supply information, and perform intelligent scheduling and control of the energy storage module and the grid-connected module based on the grid load state.

2. The intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The grid power supply information includes grid load information and electricity price information. The control module is used to determine the current grid load state of the external grid according to the grid load information and the electricity price information, and control the energy storage module to release stored electric energy for power supply under the grid load state, or control the grid-connected module to convert electric energy.

3. The intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system further comprises a fixing module connected to the photovoltaic assembly, the fixing module being used to fix the photovoltaic assembly to the roof of a target building, the fixing module comprising: An insulating cylinder wrapped around the first wiring board and the second wiring board; A first terminal board, connected to the positive electrode of the photovoltaic module, and connected to the photovoltaic module through an insulating tube; A second terminal board is connected to the negative electrode of the photovoltaic module and is connected to the photovoltaic module through an insulating tube; A wiring barrel, inserted into the insulating barrel, used to fix the vertical wiring strip; The vertical terminal strip is inserted into the terminal barrel and fixed by a wedge-shaped connecting block; The wedge-shaped connecting block is embedded in the wiring barrel to squeeze the vertical wiring strip so that it is in close contact with the wiring barrel; An elastic wiring board is in contact with the vertical wiring strip and provides a fixing force through elastic deformation; A first magnet is mounted at one end of the photovoltaic module; A second magnet is installed at a corresponding position of the fixing module and is used in conjunction with the first magnet; Waterproof rubber ring, installed on the top of the insulation tube, used to prevent moisture from entering the electrical connection part; The sealing retaining ring is installed on the outside of the wiring barrel and is used to work together with the waterproof rubber ring to form multiple seals.

4. The intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system further comprises a monitoring module connected to the control module, wherein the monitoring module comprises: Multiple sensors for collecting operating data of photovoltaic modules, energy storage modules and grid-connected modules; A data processing unit, used to analyze the operating data to monitor the health status of the system in real time; An alarm unit is used to sound an alarm when an abnormality or failure is detected.

5. The intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system further includes an operation and maintenance module connected to the control module, and the operation and maintenance module includes: A network connection module is used to connect the system to a remote management platform to realize remote transmission and access of data. The network connection module converts different data formats in the system into a unified transmission protocol through a protocol converter; A remote control unit, connected to the remote management platform via a network connection module, for receiving and executing control and optimization instructions sent by the remote management platform to adjust the power output of the system or update the control program of the system; Data storage unit, used to record the system's operating data and the executed control and optimization instructions.

6. The intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system further comprises a display module connected to the control module, wherein the display module comprises: A display screen, used to display the operating status, energy consumption, power generation efficiency and fault warning information of the system in real time; The user interface is used for interaction between the user and the system, and provides energy efficiency optimization suggestions and operation guides preset by the system.

7. The intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly comprises a maximum power point tracking unit, and the maximum power point tracking unit is used to adjust the working point of the photovoltaic assembly in real time under different light intensities and ambient temperatures.

8. The intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy storage module includes a battery state estimation unit, which is used to monitor the charge and discharge state of the battery in real time through Kalman filtering to estimate the remaining power, and store and output electric energy based on the remaining power.

9. The intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grid-connected module comprises: An inverter, used to convert the direct current generated by the photovoltaic module into alternating current with the same frequency and phase as the external power grid; The grid-connected controller is used to dispatch the energy storage power of the energy storage module and the grid-connected power of the grid-connected module, and adjust the load distribution of the power grid.

10. A method for controlling the roof of an intelligent building based on photovoltaic power generation, characterized in that: The method is applied to the intelligent building roof system based on photovoltaic power generation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the method comprises: Acquiring power supply information of the power grid from a management system corresponding to the external power grid through a communication interface; Determining a grid load state according to the grid power supply information; The energy storage module and the grid-connected module are intelligently dispatched and controlled based on the grid load status.

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