Field material situation dynamic tracking system

Abstract

The invention discloses a field material situation dynamic tracking system, which comprises an Internet of Things satellite, a satellite ground station, a ground wireless base station, a data center and at least one Internet of Things terminal, and is characterized in that the Internet of Things terminal is mounted on a material packaging unit or transportation equipment; the internet-of-things terminal is in wireless connection with the ground wireless base station and the internet-of-things satellite, the internet-of-things satellite is in wireless connection with the satellite ground station, and the data center is connected with the ground wireless base station and the satellite ground station. According to the field material situation dynamic tracking system, information is transmitted based on ground network information, field material situation dynamic tracking is achieved, a low-orbit Internet of Things satellite is adopted to construct a space-based information link as a means for enhancing and expanding material information transmission, two data return links are complementary, effective dynamic tracking of field materials is improved, and the field material situation dynamic tracking efficiency is improved. And material chain breakage, loss and out-of-control state are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of material information management, and more specifically, to a field material situation dynamic tracking system. Background Art

[0002] In the field, materials are stacked and stored at a fixed point or transported by transport vehicles, and the environment they are in is difficult to determine in advance. The location of some materials is limited by the natural conditions of the surface terrain and the network information foundation, resulting in the inability of IoT devices to communicate with ground wireless base stations, IoT devices being disconnected, and material status information being unable to be transmitted back to the data center, making it impossible to track the status of materials.

[0003] Patent document CN220457441U discloses a field material information collection and transmission system based on drones, including a command platform, a drone and at least one field material sensing device, each field material sensing device corresponds to a combat unit; the drone includes an image acquisition unit, an active tag reading unit, an image analysis unit, a wireless communication unit, a Beidou positioning unit, and a storage unit; each field material sensing device includes an active radio frequency tag; the field material sensing device is installed on the field material of the combat unit, and is wirelessly remotely connected to the active tag reading unit in the drone, and the drone is wirelessly connected to the command platform. The drone that reaches the target location uses image, radio frequency and other sensors to collect material information of each combat unit. After returning, the drone wirelessly transmits the collected material information to the command platform to realize convenient, flexible and intelligent collection and transmission of material information in front, and facilitate the efficient allocation of materials.

[0004] In the prior art, materials in the field are dynamically tracked and ground base stations are used to transmit information about the materials. However, due to the limitation of the distribution of ground base stations, materials cannot be effectively tracked in areas without ground base stations, which will cause the materials to be disconnected and out of control.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a field material situation dynamic tracking system to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] A series of simplified concepts are introduced in the Summary of the Invention, which will be further described in detail in the Detailed Description of the Invention. The Summary of the Invention does not mean to attempt to define the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor does it mean to attempt to determine the scope of protection of the claimed technical solution.

[0007] In order to at least partially solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a field material situation dynamic tracking system, comprising: an Internet of Things satellite, a satellite ground station, a ground wireless base station, a data center and at least one Internet of Things terminal, the Internet of Things terminal being installed on a material container unit or a transportation device; the Internet of Things terminal being wirelessly connected to the ground wireless base station and the Internet of Things satellite, the Internet of Things satellite being wirelessly connected to the satellite ground station, and the data center being respectively connected to the ground wireless base station and the satellite ground station.

[0008] Preferably, the IoT terminal includes a positioning module, an environmental information collection module and a wireless communication module, and the positioning module, the environmental information collection module and the wireless communication module are electrically connected;

[0009] Positioning module, used to obtain the location information of material container units or transportation equipment;

[0010] Environmental information collection module, used to collect environmental information of material container units or transportation equipment;

[0011] The wireless communication module is used to send location information and environmental information to the data center via IoT satellites and ground wireless base stations.

[0012] Preferably, the IoT terminal also includes an information storage module, which is used to store material information on the material container unit or transportation equipment. When the wireless communication module sends the location information and environmental information to the data center, it also sends the material information to the data center simultaneously.

[0013] Preferably, the environmental information acquisition module includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a gas sensor, and the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the gas sensor are electrically connected to the wireless communication module respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the wireless communication module includes at least a LoRa communication submodule, a NB-loT communication submodule and a satellite communication submodule.

[0015] Preferably, the IoT terminal further includes a power module, which is electrically connected to the positioning module, the environmental information collection module and the wireless communication module, and is used to supply power to the positioning module, the environmental information collection module and the wireless communication module.

[0016] Preferably, the data center includes a data receiving unit, a processor, a storage unit and a display unit;

[0017] The data receiving unit is used to receive information sent by the ground wireless base station and the satellite ground station;

[0018] The processor is electrically connected to the data receiving unit, the storage unit and the display unit respectively, and the processor converts the information received by the data receiving unit into a data signal to be displayed on the display unit;

[0019] The storage unit is used to store data signals;

[0020] The display unit is used to display the data signal sent by the processor.

[0021] Preferably, the IoT satellite comprises a plurality of non-geostationary satellites.

[0022] Preferably, multiple IoT satellites are connected to a satellite ground station via wireless communicators.

[0023] Preferably, the display unit is a liquid crystal display or a LED display.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The field material situation dynamic tracking system of the present invention relies on ground network information to transmit information, realizes field material situation dynamic tracking, adopts low-orbit Internet of Things satellite to build space-based information link as enhancement, expands material information transmission means, relies on ground network information facilities to transmit information, has a wide data bandwidth, and can maintain an online state, and realizes real-time information update. When there is no ground network information facility to rely on, a space-based information link is used for data return, and the two information return links complement each other, thereby improving the effective dynamic tracking of field materials and avoiding material chain disconnection and state loss of control.

[0026] The field material situation dynamic tracking system described in the present invention, other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be partially reflected through the following description, and will also be partially understood by technicians in this field through research and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the field material situation dynamic tracking system disclosed in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the Internet of Things terminal disclosed in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a data transmission route of a field material situation dynamic tracking system disclosed in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the location of the Internet of Things satellite disclosed in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0033] It should be understood that the terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0034] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides a field material situation dynamic tracking system, comprising: an Internet of Things satellite 1, a satellite ground station 2, a ground wireless base station 3, a data center 4 and at least one Internet of Things terminal, the Internet of Things terminal is installed on a material container unit 100 or a transportation equipment 101; the Internet of Things terminal is wirelessly connected to the ground wireless base station 3 and the Internet of Things satellite 1, the Internet of Things satellite 1 is wirelessly connected to the satellite ground station 2, and the data center 4 is respectively connected to the ground wireless base station 3 and the satellite ground station 2.

[0035] Furthermore, the IoT terminal includes a positioning module, an environmental information collection module and a wireless communication module, and the positioning module, the environmental information collection module and the wireless communication module are electrically connected;

[0036] Positioning module, used to obtain the location information of material container units or transportation equipment;

[0037] Environmental information collection module, used to collect environmental information of material container units or transportation equipment;

[0038] The wireless communication module is used to send location information and environmental information to the data center 4 via the Internet of Things satellite 1 and the ground wireless base station 3.

[0039] Furthermore, the IoT terminal also includes an information storage module, which is used to store material information on the material container unit or transportation equipment. When the wireless communication module sends the location information and environmental information to the data center 4, it also sends the material information to the data center 4 synchronously.

[0040] Furthermore, the environmental information acquisition module includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a gas sensor, and the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the gas sensor are electrically connected to the wireless communication module respectively.

[0041] Furthermore, the wireless communication module includes at least a LoRa communication submodule, a NB-loT communication submodule and a satellite communication submodule.

[0042] Furthermore, the IoT terminal also includes a power module, which is electrically connected to the positioning module, the environmental information collection module and the wireless communication module, and is used to supply power to the positioning module, the environmental information collection module and the wireless communication module.

[0043] Further, the data center 4 includes a data receiving unit, a processor, a storage unit and a display unit;

[0044] The data receiving unit is used to receive information sent by the ground wireless base station 3 and the satellite ground station 2;

[0045] The processor is electrically connected to the data receiving unit, the storage unit and the display unit respectively, and the processor converts the information received by the data receiving unit into a data signal to be displayed on the display unit;

[0046] The storage unit is used to store data signals;

[0047] The display unit is used to display the data signal sent by the processor.

[0048] Furthermore, the Internet of Things satellite 1 includes a plurality of non-geostationary satellites.

[0049] Furthermore, a plurality of IoT satellites 1 are connected to a satellite ground station via wireless communicators.

[0050] Furthermore, the display unit is a liquid crystal display or a LED display.

[0051] The working principle of the above technical solution is:

[0052] An IoT satellite 1, a satellite ground station 2, a ground wireless base station 3, a data center 4 and at least one IoT terminal, wherein the IoT terminal is installed on a material container unit 100 or a transportation device 101; the IoT terminal is wirelessly connected to the ground wireless base station 3 and the IoT satellite 1, the IoT satellite 1 is wirelessly connected to the satellite ground station 2, and the data center 4 is respectively connected to the ground wireless base station 3 and the satellite ground station 2.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the data center is connected to the ground wireless base station and the satellite ground station through the ground network information facilities to obtain the material situation information returned through the ground information link and the space-based information link. Among them, the ground information link is in a continuous communication state, and the information is transmitted online and updated in real time; the information transmission of the space-based information link depends on the establishment of information links between the IoT terminal and the IoT satellite, the IoT satellite and the satellite ground station, and the information is ferryed and transmitted and updated periodically. The update period is determined according to the satellite cycle and the number of satellites.

[0054] The IoT terminal includes a positioning module, an environmental information collection module and a wireless communication module, and the positioning module, the environmental information collection module and the wireless communication module are electrically connected;

[0055] A positioning module is used to obtain the location information of the material container unit or the transportation equipment. The positioning module can be located by a ground wireless base station or by an Internet of Things satellite to determine the location of the feature. The positioning module is an existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0056] Environmental information collection module, used to collect environmental information of material container units or transportation equipment;

[0057] The wireless communication module is used to send location information and environmental information to the data center 4 via the Internet of Things satellite 1 and the ground wireless base station 3.

[0058] The environmental information acquisition module includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a gas sensor. The pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the gas sensor are electrically connected to the wireless communication module respectively. The various sensors of the environmental information acquisition module respectively collect environmental information near the material container unit or the transportation equipment, including temperature, air pressure, humidity, etc. In the wild environment, due to the decomposition or corruption of organic matter under anaerobic conditions, toxic gases such as hydrogen sulfide or flammable gases such as methane will be produced. After the environmental information acquisition module collects the above information, it sends it to the data center 4. It can provide environmental information when the materials are used or transported in the subsequent period, and personnel can make corresponding preparations in advance before entering to prevent danger.

[0059] The IoT terminal also includes an information storage module, which is used to store material information on the material container unit or transportation equipment. When the wireless communication module sends the location information and environmental information to the data center 4, it also sends the material information to the data center 4 simultaneously.

[0060] After the materials are loaded into the material container unit, the material information is output to the information storage module. The material information includes the name, type, quantity and precautions of the materials. During the storage or transportation of the materials, the material information, the positioning information and the environmental information of the materials are simultaneously sent to the data center, so that accurate dynamic tracking of different batches of materials can be achieved.

[0061] Ground wireless base stations are deployed at high points near the application area to facilitate information access by IoT terminals nearby.

[0062] The IoT satellite 1 includes multiple non-geostationary satellites. The orbit height of non-geostationary satellites is low, and the path loss is smaller during data transmission. Due to the small path loss, the ground receiving equipment of non-geostationary satellites can be simpler and lower-cost, without the need for large antennas and high-power transmitters, that is, the cost of satellite ground stations is lower. The orbit of non-synchronous satellites can be more flexibly configured, covering a wider area and without coverage blind spots.

[0063] The IoT terminal is installed on the material container unit and transportation equipment, which can locate the materials and upload the material information such as the quantity, location, and status of the materials to the data center in two ways: one is to access the nearby ground wireless base station to transmit the material information back to the data center; the other is when the IoT satellite passes over the IoT terminal, the information is uploaded to the satellite, and then transmitted back to the data center through the satellite ground station. When the materials are in the area near the ground wireless base station, they can directly access the ground network information facilities through the wireless base station, and realize the material information backhaul and status dynamic control through the ground network information facilities; when there is no ground wireless base station near the materials, or the ground network information facilities cannot be accessed through the ground wireless base station due to terrain obstruction, etc., the information is transmitted back through the IoT satellite, and the material status data is updated regularly.

[0064] Beneficial effects of the above technical solution:

[0065] The field material situation dynamic tracking system of the present invention relies on ground network information to transmit information, realizes field material situation dynamic tracking, adopts low-orbit Internet of Things satellite to build space-based information link as enhancement, expands material information transmission means, relies on ground network information facilities to transmit information, has a wide data bandwidth, and can maintain an online state, and realizes real-time information update. When there is no ground network information facility to rely on, a space-based information link is used for data return, and the two information return links complement each other, thereby improving the effective dynamic tracking of field materials and avoiding material chain disconnection and state loss of control.

[0066] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, IoT satellite 1 uses a low-orbit IoT satellite, which can realize wide-area information collection of IoT terminals within the satellite coverage area. Space-based IoT usually uses low-orbit satellites with an orbital altitude of less than 1000km, and the orbit is usually 300-1000km. For satellites with an orbital altitude of about 500km, the orbital period is about 1.5h.

[0067] A satellite constellation composed of multiple IoT satellites can achieve high-frequency coverage of the mission application area and rapid information collection and return, thereby improving the timeliness of material situation awareness in areas without ground network information support.

[0068] Satellite signals can be received within the satellite's maximum coverage area, but the satellite signal will be affected at the edge of the maximum area where the elevation angle is zero. First, from the perspective of satellite coverage, when the elevation angle is 0°, the satellite is exactly on the horizon of the ground observer, that is, the line between the satellite and the observer is tangent to the horizon. At this time, although the satellite's coverage theoretically includes the observer's location, it is actually difficult to achieve effective communication link requirements due to the influence of terrain, ground objects and ground noise. Especially in areas with complex terrain or tall obstacles (such as buildings, mountains, etc.), the communication effect may be worse when the elevation angle is 0°.

[0069] Secondly, from the perspective of signal propagation, when the elevation angle is 0°, the satellite signal needs to pass through a longer layer of the atmosphere to reach the ground observer. This will cause the signal strength to be attenuated more during the propagation process, thereby reducing the communication quality. In addition, the ionosphere, troposphere, etc. in the atmosphere will also interfere with and refract the satellite signal, further affecting the communication effect.

[0070] Furthermore, from the perspective of the receiving device, when the elevation angle is small, the receiving antenna needs to point to a lower angle to receive satellite signals. This may increase the difficulty and cost of installing the receiving antenna, and also affect the performance and stability of the receiving antenna. Especially in complex environments such as multipath effects and ground reflections, the communication effect at an elevation angle of 0° may be more affected.

[0071] Therefore, in order to ensure the stability of signal propagation and positioning accuracy during communication with the satellite, the satellite coverage range is determined by selecting the minimum elevation angle. The minimum elevation angle is selected according to the positioning accuracy requirements and is generally required to be greater than 10 degrees.

[0072] The IoT terminal also includes a main control chip, which is electrically connected to the satellite communication submodule, the wireless communication module and the positioning module. The main control chip calculates the sub-satellite height h of each IoT satellite according to the time when the satellite communication submodule sends information to each IoT satellite and receives the return information, and calculates the coverage width 2l of each IoT satellite according to the following formula:

[0073]

[0074] l=2βR

[0075] Where R is the radius of the earth, h is the height of the satellite sub-satellite point, 2α is the coverage angle to the earth, 2β is the geocentric angle of the coverage area, θ is the minimum elevation angle of the coverage area, and 2l is the coverage width;

[0076] The main control chip determines whether the material is within the coverage width of the IoT satellite when the satellite passes by next time based on the calculated coverage width and the location information determined by the positioning module;

[0077] For low-orbit IoT satellites, the orbital period T is calculated according to the following formula:

[0078]

[0079] Where: T is the orbital period, G is the gravitational constant, and M is the mass of the Earth.

[0080] When the main control chip determines that the materials are within the coverage width of the IoT satellite when the IoT satellite passes next time, based on the calculated orbital period, the main control chip controls the wireless communication module to send the material information to the IoT satellite when the IoT satellite passes next time. The material information includes material information, positioning information and environmental information.

[0081] The specific calculation is as follows:

[0082] Select θ=22.7°, h=500km, and solve α=58.95°, β=8.35°, l=1861km, T=5674s.

[0083] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: according to the coverage width of each IoT satellite in the satellite constellation calculated by the main control chip, the IoT satellite within the coverage width of the IoT satellite at the location of the material is selected when the IoT satellite passes by next time, and the orbital period of the IoT satellite is calculated. When the IoT satellite passes by the material location, information is sent to the IoT satellite. The material is close to the IoT satellite, which can save energy consumed in sending information. Multiple IoT satellites passing over the material location can be selected to send information, thereby increasing the number of information transmissions, so that the data center receives more information about the materials and improves the monitoring of the materials.

[0084] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0085] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0086] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation methods. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A field material situation dynamic tracking system, characterized in that: include: An Internet of Things satellite (1), a satellite ground station (2), a ground wireless base station (3), a data center (4) and at least one Internet of Things terminal, wherein the Internet of Things terminal is installed on a material container unit (100) or a transport device (101); the Internet of Things terminal is wirelessly connected to the ground wireless base station (3) and the Internet of Things satellite (1); the Internet of Things satellite (1) is wirelessly connected to the satellite ground station (2); and the data center (4) is respectively connected to the ground wireless base station (3) and the satellite ground station (2).

2. The field material situation dynamic tracking system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The IoT terminal includes a positioning module, an environmental information collection module and a wireless communication module, and the positioning module, the environmental information collection module and the wireless communication module are electrically connected; Positioning module, used to obtain the location information of material container units or transportation equipment; Environmental information collection module, used to collect environmental information of material container units or transportation equipment; The wireless communication module is used to send the location information and the environment information to the data center (4) via the Internet of Things satellite (1) and the ground wireless base station (3).

3. The field material situation dynamic tracking system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The Internet of Things terminal also includes an information storage module, which is used to store material information on the material container unit or the transportation equipment. When the wireless communication module sends the location information and the environmental information to the data center (4), it also sends the material information to the data center (4) synchronously.

4. The field material situation dynamic tracking system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The environmental information acquisition module includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a gas sensor, and the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the gas sensor are electrically connected to the wireless communication module respectively.

5. The field material situation dynamic tracking system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The wireless communication module includes at least a LoRa communication submodule, a NB-loT communication submodule and a satellite communication submodule.

6. The field material situation dynamic tracking system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The IoT terminal also includes a power module, which is electrically connected to the positioning module, the environmental information collection module and the wireless communication module, and is used to supply power to the positioning module, the environmental information collection module and the wireless communication module.

7. The field material situation dynamic tracking system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The data center (4) includes a data receiving unit, a processor, a storage unit and a display unit; The data receiving unit is used to receive information sent by a ground wireless base station (3) and a satellite ground station (2); The processor is electrically connected to the data receiving unit, the storage unit and the display unit respectively, and the processor converts the information received by the data receiving unit into a data signal to be displayed on the display unit; The storage unit is used to store data signals; The display unit is used to display the data signal sent by the processor.

8. The field material situation dynamic tracking system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The Internet of Things satellite (1) includes a plurality of non-geostationary satellites.

9. The field material situation dynamic tracking system according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of IoT satellites (1) are connected to a satellite ground station via wireless communicators.

10. The field material situation dynamic tracking system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The display unit is a liquid crystal display or a LED display.

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