Communication system

Abstract

A communication system according to the present invention is provided with: a core network-side device having a location management function of a 5th-generation wireless access system mounted thereon; the method is applied to a base station of a fifth-generation wireless access system. And a relay device that performs relay processing between the base station and the communication terminal, the relay device notifying the core network side device of at least one of information relating to a transmission delay between the base station and the relay device in connection, information relating to a position of the relay device, and information relating to a processing delay in the relay device. The communication terminal measures the positioning signal transmitted by the repeater, and notifies the core network side device of the measurement result of the positioning signal. The core network-side device calculates the position of the communication terminal on the basis of the information notified from the relay and the measurement result notified from the communication terminal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communication technology. Background Art

[0002] In 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), a standardization organization for mobile communication systems, the fifth generation (sometimes referred to as "5G") wireless access system is being discussed as a successor to Long Term Evolution (LTE) and Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A), one of the fourth generation wireless access systems (see Non-Patent Document 1) (for example, Non-Patent Document 2). The technology for the wireless section of 5G is called "New Radio Access Technology" ("New Radio" is abbreviated as "NR"). The NR system is discussed based on the LTE system and the LTE-A system.

[0003] For example, in Europe, the METIS organization is summarizing the requirements for 5G (see non-patent document 3). In the 5G wireless access system, the system capacity is 1000 times that of the LTE system, the data transmission speed is 100 times, the data processing delay is 1 / 5, and the number of simultaneous connections of communication terminals is 100 times. Further low power consumption and low cost of the device can be listed as requirements (see non-patent document 3).

[0004] In order to meet such requirements, discussions on 5G standards are progressing in 3GPP (see non-patent documents 4 to 23).

[0005] As the access method of NR, OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) is used in the downlink direction, and OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) are used in the uplink direction. In addition, like LTE and LTE-A, the 5G system does not include line switching, but only packet communication.

[0006] In NR, higher frequencies can be used compared to LTE to increase transmission speeds and reduce processing delays.

[0007] In NR, which sometimes uses higher frequencies than LTE, a narrower beam-shaped transmission and reception range is formed (beamforming) and the direction of the beam is changed (beam scanning), thereby attempting to ensure cell coverage.

[0008] use Figure 1 This article explains the decisions made by 3GPP regarding the frame structure of the NR system as described in Non-Patent Document 1 (Chapter 5). Figure 1 This is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of a wireless frame used in a communication system using the NR method. Figure 1 In NR, one radio frame is 10ms. The radio frame is divided into 10 subframes of equal size. The frame structure of NR supports one or more parameter sets (Numerology), that is, one or more subcarrier spacings (Subcarrier spacing: SCS). In NR, one subframe is 1ms, and one time slot consists of 14 code elements, regardless of the subcarrier spacing. In addition, the number of time slots contained in one subframe is one when the subcarrier spacing is 15kHz, and the number of time slots in other subcarrier spacings increases in proportion to the subcarrier spacing (refer to non-patent document 11 (3GPP TS38.211)).

[0009] Non-Patent Document 2 (Chapter 5) and Non-Patent Document 11 record the decisions made by 3GPP regarding the channel structure in the NR system.

[0010] The Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) is a channel used for downlink transmission from a base station device (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "base station") to a communication terminal device (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "communication terminal" or "terminal") such as a mobile terminal device (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "mobile terminal"). The PBCH is transmitted together with a downlink synchronization signal.

[0011] The downlink synchronization signal in NR has a first synchronization signal (Primary Synchronization Signal: P-SS) and a second synchronization signal (Secondary Synchronization Signal: S-SS). The synchronization signal is sent from the base station as a synchronization signal burst (Synchronization Signal Burst: sometimes referred to as SS burst below) at a specified period for a specified duration. The SS burst consists of a synchronization signal block (Synchronization Signal Block: sometimes referred to as SS block below) for each beam of the base station.

[0012] The base station changes the beam during the duration of the SS burst to transmit the SS block of each beam. The SS block consists of P-SS, S-SS and PBCH.

[0013] The Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) is a channel for downlink transmission from the base station to the communication terminal. PDCCH transmits downlink control information (DCI). DCI includes: resource allocation information of the downlink shared channel (DL-SCH), which is one of the transmission channels described later, resource allocation information of the paging channel (PCH), which is one of the transmission channels described later, and HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest) information related to DL-SCH. In addition, DCI sometimes includes an uplink scheduling grant. DCI sometimes includes a response signal for uplink transmission, namely Ack (Acknowledgement) / Nack (Negative Acknowledgement). In addition, in order to flexibly switch DL / UL within a time slot, DCI sometimes includes a time slot format indication (Slot Format Indication: SFI). PDCCH or DCI is also called L1 / L2 control signal.

[0014] In NR, a time / frequency region that is a candidate for including PDCCH is provided. This region is called a control resource set (CORESET). The communication terminal monitors CORESET and acquires PDCCH.

[0015] The Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) is a downlink transmission channel from a base station to a communication terminal. A downlink shared channel (DL-SCH) as a transport channel and a PCH as a transport channel are mapped to the PDSCH.

[0016] The Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) is a channel used for uplink transmission from a communication terminal to a base station. PUCCH transmits uplink control information (UCI). UCI includes response information (response signal) for downlink transmission, namely Ack / Nack, CSI (Channel State Information), scheduling request (SR), etc. CSI is composed of RI (Rank Indicator), PMI (Precoding Matrix Indicator), and CQI (Channel Quality Indicator) reports. RI refers to the rank information of the channel matrix in MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output). PMI refers to the information of the precoding waiting matrix used in MIMO. CQI is quality information indicating the quality of the received data or the quality of the communication line. UCI is sometimes transmitted through the PUSCH described later. PUCCH or UCI is also called L1 / L2 control signal.

[0017] The physical uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel: PUSCH) is a channel for uplink transmission from a communication terminal to a base station. An uplink shared channel (Uplink Shared Channel: UL-SCH), which is one of the transport channels, is mapped to the PUSCH.

[0018] The Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) is a channel for uplink transmission from a communication terminal to a base station. The PRACH transmits a random access preamble.

[0019] The downlink reference signal (Reference Signal: RS) is a codeword known as a communication system of the NR mode. The following four downlink reference signals are defined. There is a UE-specific reference signal (UE-specific Reference Signal), namely the data demodulation reference signal (Demodulation Reference Signal: DM-RS), the phase tracking reference signal (Phase Tracking Reference Signal: PT-RS), the positioning reference signal (Positioning Reference Signal: PRS), and the channel state information reference signal (Channel State Information Reference Signal: CSI-RS). As measurements of the physical layer of the communication terminal, there are reference signal received power (Reference Signal Received Power: RSRP) measurement and reference signal received quality (Reference Signal Received Quality: RSRQ) measurement.

[0020] The uplink reference signal is also a symbol known as a communication system of the NR method. The following three types of uplink reference signals are defined: a data demodulation reference signal (DM-RS), a phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS), and a sounding reference signal (SRS).

[0021] The transport channel described in Non-Patent Document 2 (Chapter 5) is described below. Among downlink transport channels, the broadcast channel (BCH) is broadcast to the entire coverage area of ​​its base station (cell). The BCH is mapped to the physical broadcast channel (PBCH).

[0022] Retransmission control using HARQ (HybridARQ) is applied to the downlink shared channel (DL-SCH). DL-SCH can broadcast to the entire coverage area of ​​the base station (cell). DL-SCH supports dynamic or quasi-static resource allocation. Quasi-static resource allocation is also called semi-persistent scheduling. DL-SCH supports discontinuous reception (DRX) of communication terminals in order to reduce power consumption of communication terminals. DL-SCH is mapped to the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).

[0023] The Paging Channel (PCH) supports DRX of the communication terminal in order to reduce the power consumption of the communication terminal. The PCH is requested to be broadcast to the entire coverage area of ​​the base station (cell). The PCH is mapped to a physical resource such as the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) that can be dynamically used for traffic.

[0024] Retransmission control using HARQ is applied to the uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) in the uplink transmission channel. UL-SCH supports dynamic or quasi-static resource allocation. Quasi-static resource allocation is also called configured grant. UL-SCH is mapped to the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH).

[0025] The Random Access Channel (RACH) is limited to control information. There is a risk of collision in the RACH. The RACH is mapped to the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH).

[0026] The following is an explanation of HARQ. HARQ is a technology that improves the communication quality of a transmission line by combining Automatic RepeatreQuest (ARQ) and Forward Error Correction (Forward Error Correction). HARQ has the following advantages: even for a transmission line with changed communication quality, error correction can be effectively used by retransmission. In particular, when retransmission is performed, the quality can be further improved by synthesizing the reception result of the first transmission and the reception result of the retransmission.

[0027] An example of the retransmission method is described below. When the receiving side cannot correctly decode the received data, in other words, when a CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) error occurs (CRC=NG), "Nack" is sent from the receiving side to the sending side. The sending side that receives "Nack" retransmits the data. When the receiving side correctly decodes the received data, in other words, when no CRC error occurs (CRC=OK), "Ack" is sent from the receiving side to the sending side. The sending side that receives "Ack" sends the next data.

[0028] Other examples of the retransmission method are described. When a CRC error occurs on the receiving side, a retransmission request is made from the receiving side to the sending side. The retransmission request is made by switching the NDI (New Data Indicator). The sending side that receives the retransmission request retransmits the data. When no CRC error occurs on the receiving side, no retransmission request is made. When the sending side does not receive a retransmission request within a specified time, it is deemed that no CRC error occurs on the receiving side.

[0029] The logical channel described in Non-Patent Document 1 (Chapter 6) is described below. The Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) is a downlink channel for broadcasting system control information. The BCCH as a logical channel is mapped to the Broadcast Channel (BCH) as a transport channel or the Downlink Shared Channel (DL-SCH).

[0030] The Paging Control Channel (PCCH) is a downlink channel for transmitting paging information (PagingInformation) and changes in system information (SystemInformation). The PCCH, which is a logical channel, is mapped to the Paging Channel (PCH), which is a transport channel.

[0031] The Common Control Channel (CCCH) is a channel used to send control information between a communication terminal and a base station. The CCCH is used when there is no RRC connection between the communication terminal and the network. In the downlink direction, the CCCH is mapped to the downlink shared channel (DL-SCH) as a transport channel. In the uplink direction, the CCCH is mapped to the uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) as a transport channel.

[0032] Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH) is a channel used to send dedicated control information between a communication terminal and a network in a one-to-one manner. DCCH is used when there is an RRC connection between a communication terminal and a network. DCCH is mapped to the uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) in the uplink and to the downlink shared channel (DL-SCH) in the downlink.

[0033] Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH) is a channel used to send user information and conduct one-to-one communication with communication terminals. DTCH exists in both uplink and downlink. DTCH is mapped to the uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) in the uplink and to the downlink shared channel (DL-SCH) in the downlink.

[0034] The location tracking of the communication terminal is performed in units of an area consisting of one or more cells. The location tracking is performed to track the location of the communication terminal even in the standby state, so as to call the communication terminal. In other words, it is performed to call the communication terminal. The area used for the location tracking of the communication terminal is called a tracking area (TA).

[0035] NR supports calling of communication terminals within a range smaller than the tracking area. This range is called RAN Notification Area (RNA). Paging of communication terminals in the RRC_INACTIVE state described later is performed within this range.

[0036] In order to support wider frequency bandwidths (transmission bandwidths), carrier aggregation (CA) of aggregating (also called "aggregation") two or more component carriers (CC) is being studied in NR. CA is described in Non-Patent Document 1.

[0037] In the case of CA, the UE as a communication terminal has a unique RRC connection with the network (Network: NW). In the RRC connection, one service cell provides NAS mobility information and security input. This cell is called the primary cell (Primary Cell: PCell). According to the capabilities (capability) of the UE, a secondary cell (SCell) is formed to form a group of service cells together with the PCell. For one UE, a group of service cells consisting of one PCell and one or more SCells is formed.

[0038] In addition, in 3GPP, there is a dual connectivity (DC) in which a UE connects to two base stations for communication, in order to further increase the communication capacity. DC is described in Non-Patent Documents 1 and 22.

[0039] Sometimes one of the base stations performing dual connectivity (DC) is called the "master base station (Master Node: MN)", and the other is called the "secondary base station (Secondary Node: SN)". Sometimes the service cells formed by the master base station are collectively referred to as the master cell group (Master Cel l Group: MCG), and the service cells formed by the secondary base stations are collectively referred to as the secondary cell group (Secondary Cell Group: SCG). In DC, the main cell in the MCG or SCG is called a special cell (Special Cell: SpCell or SPCell). The special cell in the MCG is called PCell, and the special cell in the SCG is called the primary SCG cell (PSCell l).

[0040] In addition, in NR, the base station pre-sets a part of the carrier frequency band for the UE (hereinafter sometimes referred to as Bandwidth Part: bandwidth part (BWP)), and the UE transmits and receives between itself and the base station in the BWP, thereby being able to reduce power consumption in the UE.

[0041] In addition, in 3GPP, the use of side link (SL) communication (also called PC5 communication) is supported in both EPS (Evolved Packet System) and 5G core system described later (see non-patent documents 1, 2, 26 to 28). In SL communication, communication is performed between terminals. As services using SL communication, there are V2X (Vehicle-to-everything) services, proxy services, etc. In SL communication, not only direct communication between terminals, but also communication between UE and NW via relay is proposed (see non-patent documents 26 and 28).

[0042] The physical channels used for SL are described below (see Non-Patent Documents 2 and 11). The physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) transmits information related to system synchronization and is sent from the UE.

[0043] The physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) transmits control information from the UE for sidelink communication and V2X sidelink communication.

[0044] The physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) transmits data from the UE for sidelink communication and V2X sidelink communication.

[0045] The physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) transmits HARQ feedback on the sidelink from the UE that receives the PSSCH transmission to the UE that sends the PSSCH.

[0046] The transport channel used for SL will be described below (see Non-Patent Document 1). The sidelink broadcast channel (SL-BCH) has a predetermined transport channel format and is mapped to the PSBCH which is a physical channel.

[0047] The sidelink shared channel (SL-SCH) supports broadcast transmission. SL-SCH supports both UE autonomous resource selection and resource allocation scheduled by the base station. There is a risk of conflict in UE autonomous resource selection, but there is no conflict when the UE is allocated dedicated resources through the base station. In addition, SL-SCH supports dynamic link adaptation by changing the transmission power, modulation, and coding. SL-SCH is mapped to PSSCH, which is a physical channel.

[0048] The logical channels used for SL are described below (see Non-Patent Document 2). The Sidelink Broadcast Control Channel (SBCCH) is a sidelink channel used to broadcast sidelink system information from one UE to other UEs. The SBCCH is mapped to the SL-BCH which is a transport channel.

[0049] Sidelink Traffic Channel (STCH) is a one-to-many sidelink traffic channel used to send user information from one UE to other UEs. STCH is only used by UEs with sidelink communication capabilities and UEs with V2X sidelink communication capabilities. One-to-one communication between two UEs with sidelink communication capabilities is also achieved through STCH. STCH is mapped to SL-SCH, which is a transport channel.

[0050] A sidelink control channel (SCCH) is a sidelink control channel for transmitting control information from one UE to other UEs. The SCCH is mapped to the SL-SCH which is a transport channel.

[0051] In LTE, SL communication is only broadcast. In NR, in addition to broadcast, support for unicast and groupcast is also being studied as SL communication (see Non-Patent Document 27 (3GPP TS23.287)).

[0052] In SL's unicast and multicast communications, HARQ feedback (Ack / Nack), CSI reporting, etc. are supported.

[0053] In addition, 3GPP is studying Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) in which both an access link, which is a link between a UE and a base station, and a backhaul link, which is a link between base stations, are wirelessly performed (see Non-Patent Documents 2, 20, and 29).

[0054] 3GPP has proposed some new technologies. For example, it has proposed the introduction of smart repeaters (repeaters capable of beam steering) (Non-Patent Document 30). A control method for controlling smart repeaters from a base station is being studied. Prior art literature Non-patent literature

[0055] Non-patent document 1: 3GPP TS 36.300 V16.7.0 Non-patent document 2: 3GPP TS 38.300 V16.8.0 Non-patent document 3: "Scenarios, requirements and KPIs for 5G mobile and wireless systems", ICT-317669-METIS / D1.1 Non-patent document 4: 3GPP TR 23.799 V14.0.0 Non-patent document 5: 3GPP TR 38.801 V14.0.0 Non-patent document 6: 3GPP TR 38.802 V14.2.0 Non-patent document 7: 3GPP TR 38.804 V14.0.0 Non-patent document 8: 3GPP TR 38.912 V16.0.0 Non-patent document 9: 3GPP RP-172115 Non-patent document 10: 3GPP TS23.501V17.3.0 Non-patent document 11: 3GPP TS 38.211 V17.0.0 Non-patent document 12: 3GPP TS 38.212 V17.0.0 Non-patent document 13: 3GPP TS 38.213 V17.0.0 Non-patent document 14: 3GPP TS 38.214 V17.0.0 Non-patent document 15: 3GPP TS 38.321 V16.7.0 Non-patent document 16: 3GPP TS 38.322 V16.2.0 Non-patent document 17: 3GPP TS 38.323 V16.6.0 Non-patent document 18: 3GPP TS 37.324 V16.3.0 Non-patent document 19: 3GPP TS 38.331 V16.7.0 Non-patent document 20: 3GPP TS 38.401 V16.8.0 Non-patent document 21: 3GPP TS 38.413 V16.8.0 Non-patent document 22: 3GPP TS 37.340 V16.8.0 Non-patent document 23: 3GPP TS 38.423 V16.8.0 Non-patent document 24: 3GPP TS 38.305 V16.7.0 Non-patent document 25: 3GPP TS23.273V17.3.0 Non-patent document 26: 3GPP TR 23.703 V12.0.0 Non-patent document 27: 3GPP TS23.287V17.2.0 Non-patent document 28: 3GPP TS23.303V17.0.0 Non-patent document 29: 3GPP TS 38.340 V16.5.0 Non-patent document 30: 3GPP RP-213700 Non-patent document 31: 3GPP RP-201831 Non-patent document 32: 3GPP TS 38.215 V17.1.0 Non-patent document 33: 3GPP TS 38.455 V17.0.0 Non-patent document 34: 3GPP TS 37.355 V17.0.0 Summary of the invention Technical problem to be solved by the invention

[0056] In the 5G wireless access system, communications are performed for a variety of services. In order to make such communications possible, for example, support for communications using smart repeaters is also under study. In addition, in the communication system, the transmission and reception of positioning signals are also used to locate the UE (see non-patent document 24). However, since the UE is connected to the base station via a repeater, the problem arises that the UE position calculation result derived from the transmission and reception result of the positioning signal becomes inaccurate.

[0057] In view of the above problems, one of the objectives of the present disclosure is to realize a communication system capable of locating a UE connected to a base station via a smart repeater with high reliability. Technical means for solving technical problems

[0058] The communication system includes: a core network side device equipped with a location management function of a fifth generation wireless access system; a base station applied to the fifth generation wireless access system; and a repeater that performs relay processing between the base station and the communication terminal, and the repeater notifies the core network side device of at least one of information related to the transmission delay between the base station in connection and the repeater, information related to the location of the repeater, and information related to the processing delay in the repeater. The communication terminal measures the positioning signal sent by the repeater and notifies the core network side device of the measurement result of the positioning signal. The core network side device calculates the location of the communication terminal based on the information notified from the repeater and the measurement result notified from the communication terminal. Effects of the Invention

[0059] According to the present disclosure, a communication system capable of locating a UE connected to a base station via a smart repeater with high reliability can be realized.

[0060] The objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent through the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. In the following description, the intelligent repeater is referred to as a "repeater" for short. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1 This is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of a wireless frame used in a communication system using the NR method. Figure 2 This is a block diagram showing the overall structure of the NR-based communication system 210 discussed in 3GPP. Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the DC based on the base station connected to the NG core. Figure 4 Yes means Figure 2 A block diagram of the structure of the mobile terminal 202 is shown. Figure 5 Yes means Figure 2 A block diagram of the structure of the base station 213 is shown. Figure 6 It is a block diagram showing the structure of the 5GC unit. Figure 7 This is a flowchart showing an overview of the cell search and standby actions performed by a communication terminal (UE) in a communication system using the NR mode. Figure 8 is a diagram showing an example of a cell structure in an NR system. Fig. 9 It is a connection structure diagram showing an example of the connection structure of the terminal in SL communication. Fig.10is a connection structure diagram showing an example of a connection structure of a base station supporting access and backhaul integration. Fig.11 1 is a sequence diagram showing an example of a positioning process of a UE connected to a base station via a relay in Embodiment 1. Fig.12 1 is a sequence diagram showing another example of a positioning process of a UE connected to a base station via a relay in Embodiment 1. Fig.13 1 is a sequence diagram showing another example of a positioning process of a UE connected to a base station via a relay in Embodiment 2. Fig.14 1 is a sequence diagram showing another example of a positioning process of a UE connected to a base station via a relay in Embodiment 2. Fig.15 This is a diagram showing an example of a protocol stack in a repeater, a base station, an AMF, and an LMF according to the third embodiment. Fig.16 This is a diagram showing another example of a protocol stack in a repeater, a base station, an AMF, and an LMF according to the third embodiment. Fig.17 1 is a sequence diagram showing another example of a positioning process of a UE connected to a base station via a relay in Embodiment 3. Fig.18 1 is a sequence diagram showing another example of a positioning process of a UE connected to a base station via a relay in Embodiment 3. Fig.19 1 is a sequence diagram showing another example of a positioning process of a UE connected to a base station via a relay in Embodiment 3. Fig. 20 1 is a sequence diagram showing another example of a positioning process of a UE connected to a base station via a relay in Embodiment 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] Implementation method 1. Figure 2 2 is a block diagram showing the overall structure of a communication system 210 using the NR method discussed in 3GPP. Figure 2 For explanation. The radio access network is called NG-RAN (Next Generation Radio Access Network) 211. The communication terminal device, i.e., the mobile terminal device (hereinafter referred to as "mobile terminal (User Equipment: UE)") 202 can wirelessly communicate with the base station device (hereinafter referred to as "NR base station (NG-RANNodeB: gNB)") 213, and use wireless communication to send and receive signals. NG-RAN 211 is composed of one or more NR base stations 213.

[0063] Here, the "communication terminal device" includes not only mobile terminal devices such as mobile phone terminal devices that can be moved, but also non-mobile devices such as sensors. In the following description, the "communication terminal device" may be simply referred to as a "communication terminal".

[0064] Between UE 202 and NG-RAN 211, the AS (Access Stratum) protocol is terminated. As the AS protocol, for example, RRC (Radio Resource Control), SDAP (Service Data Adaptation Protocol), PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol), RLC (Radio Link Control), MAC (Medium Access Control), and PHY (Physical layer) are used. RRC is used for the control plane (hereinafter, sometimes also referred to as C-Plane), SDAP is used for the user plane (hereinafter, sometimes also referred to as U-Plane), and PDCP, MAC, RLC, and PHY are used for both the C-plane and the U-plane.

[0065] The control protocol RRC (Radio Resource Control) between UE202 and NR base station 213 performs broadcast, paging, RRC connection management, etc. The states between NR base station 213 and UE202 in RRC include RRC_IDLE, RRC_CONNECTED, and RRC_INACTIVE.

[0066] In RRC_IDLE, PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network) selection, system information (System Information: SI) broadcasting, paging, cell reselection, movement, etc. are performed. In RRC_CONNECTED, the mobile terminal has an RRC connection and can send and receive data with the network. In addition, in RRC_CONNECTED, handover (Handover: HO), neighbor cell measurement, etc. are performed. RRC_INACTIVE maintains the connection between the 5G core unit 214 and the NR base station 213 while broadcasting system information (System Information: SI), paging, cell reselection, movement, etc.

[0067] The gNB 213 is connected to the 5G core unit (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the "5GC unit") 214 including the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), or User Plane Function (UPF) through the NG interface. Communication of control information and / or user data is performed between the gNB 213 and the 5GC unit 214. The NG interface is a general term for the N2 interface between the gNB 213 and the AMF 220, the N3 interface between the gNB 213 and the UPF 221, the N11 interface between the AMF 220 and the SMF 222, and the N4 interface between the UPF 221 and the SMF 222. One gNB 213 can be connected to multiple 5GC units 214. The gNBs 213 are connected to each other through the Xn interface, and communication of control information and / or user data is performed between the gNBs 213.

[0068] The 5GC unit 214 is an upper device, specifically, an upper node, and controls the connection between the NR base station 213 and the mobile terminal (UE) 202, allocates paging signals to one or more NR base stations (gNB) 213 and / or LTE base stations (E-UTRAN NodeB: eNB), etc. In addition, the 5GC unit 214 performs mobility control (Mobility Control) in the idle state (Idle State). The 5GC unit 214 manages the tracking area (Tracking Area) list when the mobile terminal 202 is in the idle state and in the inactive state (Inactive State) and active state (Active State). The 5GC unit 214 starts the paging protocol by sending a paging message to the cell belonging to the tracking area (Tracking Area) where the mobile terminal 202 is registered (registered).

[0069] gNB 213 can constitute one or more cells. In the case where one gNB 213 constitutes multiple cells, each cell is configured to be able to communicate with UE 202.

[0070] The gNB 213 can be divided into a central unit (Central Unit: sometimes referred to as CU below) 215 and a distributed unit (Distributed Unit: sometimes referred to as DU below) 216. CU 215 is configured as one in gNB 213. DU 216 is configured as one or more in gNB 213. One DU 216 constitutes one or more cells. CU 215 is connected to DU 216 via an F1 interface, and control information and / or user data are communicated between CU 215 and DU 216. The F1 interface is composed of an F1-C interface and an F1-U interface. CU 215 assumes the functions of each protocol of RRC, SDAP, and PDCP, and DU 216 assumes the functions of each protocol of RLC, MAC, and PHY. One or more TRPs (Transmission Reception Points: sending and receiving points) 219 are sometimes connected to DU 216. TRP 219 transmits and receives wireless signals to and from UE.

[0071] CU 215 can be divided into a C-level CU (CU-C) 217 ​​and a U-level CU (CU-U) 218. CU-C 217 is configured as one in CU 215. CU-U 218 is configured as one or more in CU 215. CU-C 217 is connected to CU-U 218 via an E1 interface, and control information is communicated between CU-C 217 and CU-U 218. CU-C 217 is connected to DU 216 via an F1-C interface, and control information is communicated between CU-C 217 and DU 216. CU-U 218 is connected to DU 216 via an F1-U interface, and user data is communicated between CU-U 218 and DU 216.

[0072] The 5G communication system may include the Unified Data Management (UDM) function and the Policy Control Function (PCF) described in Non-Patent Document 10 (3GPP TS23.501). UDM and / or PCF may be included in Figure 2 In the 5GC section 214.

[0073] In a 5G communication system, a location management function (LMF) described in non-patent document 24 (3GPP TS38.305) may be provided. As disclosed in non-patent document 25 (3GPP TS23.273), the LMF can be connected to the base station via the AMF.

[0074] The 5G communication system may include a non-3GPP interworking function (N3IWF) described in non-patent document 10 (3GPP TS23.501). The N3IWF can terminate the access network (AN) between the UE and the UE in the non-3GPP access between the UE and the UE.

[0075] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the structure of a DC (dual connection) connected to an NG core. Figure 3 In the figure, the solid line represents the connection of U-Plane, and the dotted line represents the connection of C-Plane. Figure 3 In the example, the primary base station 240-1 can be a gNB or an eNB. In addition, the secondary base station 240-2 can be a gNB or an eNB. Figure 3In the present invention, the DC structure in which the primary base station 240-1 is a gNB and the secondary base station 240-2 is an eNB is sometimes referred to as NG-EN-DC. Figure 3 In the example, the U-Plane connection between the 5GC unit 214 and the auxiliary base station 240-2 is performed via the main base station 240-1, but it can also be performed directly between the 5GC unit 214 and the auxiliary base station 240-2. Figure 3 In the present invention, the core network connected to the LTE system and the LTE-A system, namely the EPC (Evolved Packet Core), can be connected to the main base station 240-1 instead of the 5GC unit 214. The U-Plane connection between the EPC and the auxiliary base station 240-2 can be performed directly.

[0076] Figure 4 Yes means Figure 2 The structure of the mobile terminal 202 is shown in FIG. Figure 4 1 and 2. The transmission processing of the mobile terminal 202 shown in FIG. 2 is described. First, the control data from the control unit 310 and the user data from the application unit 302 are sent to the protocol processing unit 301. The control data and the user data can be buffered. The buffering of the control data and the user data can be set in the control unit 310, the application unit 302, or the protocol processing unit 301. The protocol processing unit 301 performs protocol processing such as SDAP, PDCP, RLC, MAC, etc., for example, it performs actions such as determining the transmission target base station in DC, etc., and assigning headers in each protocol. The data that has undergone protocol processing is transmitted to the encoding unit 304, and coding processing such as error correction is performed. There may also be data that is directly output from the protocol processing unit 301 to the modulation unit 305 without performing coding processing. The data encoded by the encoding unit 304 is modulated in the modulation unit 305. Precoding in MIMO can also be performed in the modulation unit 305. After the modulated data is converted into a baseband signal, it is output to the frequency conversion unit 306 and converted into a wireless transmission frequency. After that, the transmission signal is transmitted from antennas 307-1 to 307-4 to base station 213. Figure 4 , the example shows a case where the number of antennas is 4, but the number of antennas is not limited to 4.

[0077] In addition, the receiving process of the mobile terminal 202 is performed as follows. The wireless signal from the base station 213 is received through the antennas 307-1 to 307-4. The received signal is converted from the wireless receiving frequency to a baseband signal by the frequency conversion unit 306, and demodulated in the demodulation unit 308. In the demodulation unit 308, waiting calculation and multiplication processing can be performed. The demodulated data is transmitted to the decoding unit 309, and decoding processing such as error correction is performed. The decoded data is transmitted to the protocol processing unit 301, and protocol processing such as MAC, RLC, PDCP, SDAP, etc., such as removal of headers in each protocol, etc., is performed. Among the data after protocol processing, control data is transmitted to the control unit 310, and user data is transmitted to the application unit 302.

[0078] A series of processes of the mobile terminal 202 are controlled by the control unit 310. Figure 4 Although omitted in FIG. 3 , the control unit 310 is also connected to each unit 302 and 304 to 309 .

[0079] Each part of the mobile terminal 202, such as the control unit 310, the protocol processing unit 301, the encoding unit 304, and the decoding unit 309, is implemented by a processing circuit including a processor and a memory. For example, the control unit 310 is implemented by a program that describes a series of processes of the mobile terminal 202 executed by the processor. The program that describes a series of processes of the mobile terminal 202 is stored in the memory. Examples of memories are non-volatile or volatile semiconductor memories such as RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), and flash memory. Each part of the mobile terminal 202, such as the control unit 310, the protocol processing unit 301, the encoding unit 304, and the decoding unit 309 can be implemented by a dedicated processing circuit such as FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or DSP (Digital Signal Processor). In Figure 4 In the present invention, the number of antennas used by the mobile terminal 202 for sending may be the same as or different from the number of antennas used for receiving.

[0080] Figure 5 Yes means Figure 2 The structure of the base station 213 is shown in FIG. Figure 5The sending process of the base station 213 shown is explained. The EPC communication unit 401 sends and receives data between the base station 213 and the EPC. The 5GC communication unit 412 sends and receives data between the base station 213 and the 5GC (5GC unit 214, etc.). The other base station communication units 402 send and receive data with other base stations. The EPC communication unit 401, the 5GC communication unit 412, and the other base station communication units 402 exchange information with the protocol processing unit 403 respectively. The control data from the control unit 411, and the user data and control data from the EPC communication unit 401, the 5GC communication unit 412, and the other base station communication units 402 are sent to the protocol processing unit 403. Buffering of control data and user data can be performed. The buffering of control data and user data can be set in the control unit 411, can be set in the EPC communication unit 401, can be set in the 5GC communication unit 412, and can also be set in the other base station communication units 402.

[0081] The protocol processing unit 403 performs protocol processing such as SDAP, PDCP, RLC, and MAC, for example, performs routing of transmission data in DC, assigning headers in each protocol, and other operations. The data that has undergone protocol processing is transmitted to the encoding unit 405, and coding processing such as error correction is performed. There may also be data that is directly output from the protocol processing unit 403 to the modulation unit 406 without performing coding processing. In addition, data can be sent from the protocol processing unit 403 to other base station communication units 402. For example, in DC, data sent from the 5GC communication unit 412 or the EPC communication unit 401 can be sent to other base stations, such as auxiliary base stations, via other base station communication units 402. The encoded data is modulated in the modulation unit 406. Precoding in MIMO can also be performed in the modulation unit 406. After the modulated data is converted into a baseband signal, it is output to the frequency conversion unit 407 and converted into a wireless transmission frequency. Thereafter, the transmission signal is sent to one or more mobile terminals 202 using antennas 408-1 to 408-4. In Figure 5 , the example shows a case where the number of antennas is 4, but the number of antennas is not limited to 4.

[0082] In addition, the receiving process of the base station 213 is performed as follows. The wireless signal from one or more mobile terminals 202 is received by the antennas 408-1 to 408-4. The received signal is converted from the wireless receiving frequency to a baseband signal by the frequency conversion unit 407, and demodulated in the demodulation unit 409. The demodulated data is transmitted to the decoding unit 410, and decoding processing such as error correction is performed. The decoded data is transmitted to the protocol processing unit 403, and protocol processing such as MAC, RLC, PDCP, SDAP, etc., such as the removal of headers in each protocol, etc., is performed. Among the data after the protocol processing, the control data is transmitted to the control unit 411 or the 5GC communication unit 412 or the EPC communication unit 401 or other base station communication units 402, and the user data is transmitted to the 5GC communication unit 412 or the EPC communication unit 401 or other base station communication units 402. Data sent from other base station communication units 402 can be sent to the 5GC communication unit 412 or the EPC communication unit 401. The data may be, for example, uplink data sent to the 5GC communication unit 412 or the EPC communication unit 401 via other base stations in DC.

[0083] A series of processing of the base station 213 is controlled by the control unit 411. Figure 5 Although omitted in the figure, the control unit 411 is also connected to each of the parts 401, 402, 405 to 410, and 412.

[0084] Each part of the base station 213, such as the control unit 411, the protocol processing unit 403, the 5GC communication unit 412, the EPC communication unit 401, the other base station communication unit 402, the encoding unit 405, and the decoding unit 410 are implemented by a processing circuit including a processor and a memory, or a dedicated processing circuit such as an FPGA, an ASIC, or a DSP, similar to the mobile terminal 202. Figure 5 In the present invention, the number of antennas used by the base station 213 for sending may be the same as or different from the number of antennas used for receiving.

[0085] As Figure 2 The example of the structure of CU 215 is shown, except that Figure 5 In addition to the coding unit 405, modulation unit 406, frequency conversion unit 407, antennas 408-1 to 408-4, demodulation unit 409, and decoding unit 410 shown, a configuration with a DU communication unit may also be used. The DU communication unit is connected to the protocol processing unit 403. The protocol processing unit 403 in the CU 215 performs protocol processing such as PDCP and SDAP.

[0086] As Figure 2 The example of the structure of DU 216 is shown, except Figure 5In addition to the EPC communication unit 401, other base station communication unit 402, and 5GC communication unit 412 shown, a configuration with a CU communication unit is sometimes used. The CU communication unit is connected to the protocol processing unit 403. The protocol processing unit 403 in the DU 216 performs protocol processing such as PHY, MAC, and RLC.

[0087] Figure 6 It is a block diagram showing the structure of the 5GC unit. Figure 6 The above Figure 2 The structure of the 5GC unit 214 is shown. Figure 6 Shown in Figure 2 The 5GC unit 214 shown includes the structure of AMF, the structure of SMF, and the structure of UPF. Figure 6 In the example shown, the AMF may have the function of a control plane control unit 525, the SMF may have the function of a session management unit 527, and the UPF may have the functions of a user plane communication unit 523 and a data network communication unit 521. The data network communication unit 521 performs data transmission and reception between the 5GC unit 214 and the data network. The base station communication unit 522 performs data transmission and reception between the 5GC unit 214 and the base station 213 via the NG interface. User data sent from the data network is transmitted from the data network communication unit 521 to the base station communication unit 522 via the user plane communication unit 523, and is sent to one or more base stations 213. User data sent from the base station 213 is transmitted from the base station communication unit 522 to the data network communication unit 521 via the user plane communication unit 523, and is sent to the data network.

[0088] The control data transmitted from the base station 213 is transmitted from the base station communication unit 522 to the control plane control unit 525. The control plane control unit 525 may transmit the control data to the session management unit 527. The control data may be transmitted from the data network. The control data transmitted from the data network may be transmitted from the data network communication unit 521 to the session management unit 527 via the user plane communication unit 523. The session management unit 527 may transmit the control data to the control plane control unit 525.

[0089] The user plane control unit 523 includes a PDU processing unit 523-1, a mobile anchor unit 523-2, etc., and performs overall processing for the user plane (hereinafter sometimes referred to as U-Plane). The PDU processing unit 523-1 processes data packets, such as the transmission and reception of packets between the data network communication unit 521 and the transmission and reception of packets between the base station communication unit 522. The mobile anchor unit 523-2 is responsible for anchoring the data path when the UE moves.

[0090] The session management unit 527 manages the PDU session set between the UE and the UPF. The session management unit 527 includes a PDU session control unit 527-1, a UE IP address allocation unit 527-2, etc. The PDU session control unit 527-1 manages the PDU session between the mobile terminal 202 and the 5GC unit 214. The UE IP address allocation unit 527-2 allocates an IP address to the mobile terminal 202, etc.

[0091] The control plane control unit 525 includes a NAS security unit 525-1, an idle state mobility management unit 525-2, etc., and performs overall processing for the control plane (hereinafter, sometimes also referred to as C-Plane). The NAS security unit 525-1 performs security protection for NAS (Non-Access Stratum) messages, etc. The idle state mobility management unit 525-2 performs mobility management in the standby state (idle state: RRC_IDLE state, or simply called idle), generation and control of paging signals in the standby state, addition, deletion, update, retrieval, and tracking area list management of one or more mobile terminals 202 under coverage, etc.

[0092] A series of processing of the 5GC unit 214 is controlled by the control unit 526. Figure 6 Although omitted in the figure, the control unit 526 is connected to each unit 521 to 523, 525, and 527. Each part of the 5GC unit 214 is similar to the control unit 310 of the mobile terminal 202, and is implemented by, for example, a processing circuit including a processor and a memory, or a dedicated processing circuit such as an FPGA, ASIC, or DSP.

[0093] Next, an example of a cell search method in a communication system is shown. Figure 7 This is a flowchart showing an overview of the cell search and standby operation performed by a communication terminal (UE) in a communication system of the NR mode. If the communication terminal starts the cell search, in step ST601, the first synchronization signal (P-SS) and the second synchronization signal (S-SS) sent from the surrounding base stations are used to synchronize the time slot timing and the frame timing.

[0094] P-SS and S-SS are collectively referred to as synchronization signals (SS). The synchronization signal (SS) is assigned a synchronization code that corresponds to the PCI (Physical Cell Identifier) ​​assigned to each cell. Consider setting the number of PCIs to 1008. The communication terminal uses the 1008 PCIs to achieve synchronization and detects (determines) the PCI of the synchronized cell.

[0095] In step ST602, the communication terminal receives the PBCH for the next cell to acquire synchronization. The MIB (Master Information Block) containing the cell structure information is mapped to the BCCH on the PBCH. Therefore, by receiving the PBCH and obtaining the BCCH, the MIB can be obtained. The MIB information includes, for example, SFN (System Frame Number), scheduling information of SIB (System Information Block) 1, subcarrier spacing of SIB1, etc., information on DM-RS positions, etc.

[0096] In addition, the communication terminal obtains the SS block identifier through the PBCH. A portion of the bit column of the SS block identifier is included in the MIB. The remaining bit column is included in the identifier of the sequence used to generate the DM-RS attached to the PBCH. The communication terminal uses the MIB included in the PBCH and the sequence of the DM-RS attached to the PBCH to obtain the SS block identifier.

[0097] Next, in step ST603, the communication terminal measures the received power of the SS block.

[0098] Next, in step ST604, the communication terminal selects a cell with the best reception quality from the one or more cells detected up to step ST603, for example, a cell with the highest reception power, i.e., the best cell. In addition, the communication terminal selects a beam with the best reception quality, for example, a beam with the highest reception power of an SS block, i.e., the best beam. The best beam is selected, for example, using the reception power of the SS block identified by each SS block.

[0099] Next, in step ST605, the communication terminal receives DL-SCH based on the scheduling information of SIB1 included in the MIB, and obtains SIB (System Information Block) 1 in the broadcast information BCCH. SIB1 includes information related to access to the cell, cell structure information, and scheduling information of other SIBs (SIBk: an integer of k ≥ 2). In addition, SIB1 also includes a tracking area code (Tracking Area Code: TAC).

[0100] Then in step ST606, the communication terminal compares the TAC of SIB1 received in step ST605 with the TAC part of the tracking area identity (TAI) in the tracking area list already held by the communication terminal. The tracking area list is also called the TAI list (TAI list). TAI is identification information for identifying the tracking area, and is composed of MCC (Mobile Country Code), MNC (Mobile Network Code), and TAC (Tracking Area Code). MCC is the country code. MNC is the network code. TAC is the code number of the tracking area.

[0101] If the result of the comparison in step ST606 is that the TAC received in step ST605 is the same as the TAC included in the tracking area list, the communication terminal enters the standby action in the cell. If the comparison shows that the TAC received in step ST605 is not included in the tracking area list, the communication terminal requests the core network (CoreNetwork, EPC) including MME, etc. to change the tracking area through the cell to perform TAU (Tracking Area Update).

[0102] The device constituting the core network (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the "core network side device") updates the tracking area list based on the TAU request signal and the identification number (UE-ID, etc.) of the communication terminal sent from the communication terminal. The core network side device sends the updated tracking area list to the communication terminal. The communication terminal rewrites (updates) the TAC list held by the communication terminal based on the received tracking area list. Thereafter, the communication terminal enters standby action in the cell.

[0103] Next, an example of a random access method in a communication system is shown. In random access, 4-step random access and 2-step random access are used. In addition, for 4-step random access and 2-step random access, there are contention-based random access, that is, random access that may cause timing conflicts with other mobile terminals, and contention-free random access.

[0104] An example of a contention-based 4-step random access method is shown. As step 1, the mobile terminal sends a random access preamble to the base station. The random access preamble may be selected by the mobile terminal from a predetermined range, or may be individually allocated to the mobile terminal and notified by the base station.

[0105] As step 2, the base station sends a random access response to the mobile terminal. The random access response includes the uplink scheduling information used in step 3, the terminal identity used in the uplink transmission in step 3, and the like.

[0106] As step 3, the mobile terminal performs uplink transmission to the base station. The mobile terminal uses the information obtained in step 2 in uplink transmission. As step 4, the base station notifies the mobile terminal whether there is conflict resolution. The mobile terminal notified of no conflict ends the random access process. The mobile terminal notified of a conflict starts the process again from step 1.

[0107] The contention-free 4-step random access method is different from the contention-based 4-step random access method in the following points: That is, the base station pre-allocates a random access preamble and uplink scheduling to the mobile terminal before step 1. In addition, the notification of whether or not a contention is resolved in step 4 is not required.

[0108] An example of a conflict-based 2-step random access method is shown. As step 1, the mobile terminal transmits a random access preamble and an uplink transmission to the base station. As step 2, the base station notifies the mobile terminal whether there is a conflict. The mobile terminal notified of no conflict ends the random access process. The mobile terminal notified of a conflict starts the process again from step 1.

[0109] The contention-free 2-step random access method is different from the contention-based 2-step random access method in the following respects: That is, before step 1, the base station pre-allocates a random access preamble and uplink scheduling to the mobile terminal. In addition, in step 2, the base station sends a random access response to the mobile terminal.

[0110] Figure 8 This shows an example of the structure of a cell in NR. In a cell in NR, a narrow beam is formed and its direction is changed for transmission. Figure 8 In the example shown, the base station 750 uses beam 751-1 at a certain time to transmit and receive with the mobile terminal. At other times, the base station 750 uses beam 751-2 to transmit and receive with the mobile terminal. Similarly, the base station 750 uses one or more of beams 751-3 to 751-8 to transmit and receive with the mobile terminal. Thus, the base station 750 forms a wide range of cells 752.

[0111] exist Figure 8 In FIG. 1 , an example is shown in which the number of beams used by the base station 750 is set to 8, but the number of beams may be different from 8. Figure 8 In the example shown, the number of beams used simultaneously by the base station 750 is set to one, but it can also be multiple.

[0112] The identification of beams uses the concept of QCL (Quasi-CoLocation) (refer to non-patent document 14 (3GPP TS 38.214)). That is, the beam is identified by information indicating which reference signal (e.g., SS block, CSI-RS) the beam can be considered to be the same as. This information sometimes includes the type of information about the viewpoints that can be considered to be the same beam, such as information about Doppler shift, Doppler shift spread, average delay, average delay spread, and spatial Rx parameters (refer to non-patent document 14 (3GPP TS38.214)).

[0113] 3GPP supports side links (SL) for D2D (Device to Device) communication and V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) communication (see Non-Patent Documents 1 and 16). SL is defined by the PC5 interface.

[0114] In SL communication, in addition to broadcast, in order to support unicast and groupcast, the support of PC5-S signaling is studied (refer to non-patent document 27 (3GPP TS 23.287)). For example, PC5-S signaling is implemented to establish SL, that is, a link for implementing PC5 communication. This link is implemented in the V2X layer and is also called a layer 2 link.

[0115] In addition, in SL communication, support for RRC signaling is being studied (refer to non-patent document 27 (3GPP TS23.287)). RRC signaling in SL communication is also called PC5 RRC signaling. For example, it is proposed to notify the capabilities of UEs between UEs performing PC5 communication, or to notify the settings of the AS layer for V2X communication using PC5 communication.

[0116] Fig. 9 An example of the connection structure of a mobile terminal in SL communication is shown in FIG. Fig. 9 In the example shown, UE 805 and UE 806 exist within the coverage area 803 of base station 801. UL / DL communication 807 is performed between base station 801 and UE 805. UL / DL communication 808 is performed between base station 801 and UE 806. SL communication 810 is performed between UE 805 and UE 806. UE 811 and UE 812 exist outside the coverage area 803. SL communication 814 is performed between UE 805 and UE 811. In addition, SL communication 816 is performed between UE 811 and UE 812.

[0117] As an example of communication between UE and NW via relay in SL communication, Fig. 9 UE 805 is shown relaying communications between UE 811 and base station 801 .

[0118] A UE that performs relaying sometimes uses Figure 4 Same structure. Use Figure 4 The relay processing in the UE is described. The relay processing based on UE 805 in the communication from UE 811 to base station 801 is described. The wireless signal from UE 811 is received through antennas 307-1 to 307-4. The received signal is converted from the wireless reception frequency to a baseband signal by the frequency conversion unit 306, and demodulated in the demodulation unit 308. In the demodulation unit 308, waiting calculation and multiplication processing can be performed. The demodulated data is transmitted to the decoding unit 309, and decoding processing such as error correction is performed. The decoded data is transmitted to the protocol processing unit 301, and protocol processing such as MAC, RLC, etc. for communication with UE 811, such as removal of headers in each protocol, etc. is performed. In addition, protocol processing such as RLC, MAC, etc. for communication with base station 801, such as the addition of headers in each protocol, etc. is performed. In the protocol processing unit 301 of UE 811, protocol processing of PDCP and SDAP is sometimes performed. The data that has been processed by the protocol is transmitted to the coding unit 304, and coding processing such as error correction is performed. There may also be data that is directly output from the protocol processing unit 301 to the modulation unit 305 without being subjected to coding processing. The data that has been coded by the coding unit 304 is modulated in the modulation unit 305. Precoding in MIMO may also be performed in the modulation unit 305. After the modulated data is converted into a baseband signal, it is output to the frequency conversion unit 306 and converted into a wireless transmission frequency. Thereafter, the transmission signal is transmitted from the antennas 307-1 to 307-4 to the base station 801.

[0119] In the above content, an example of relaying by UE 805 in communication from UE 811 to base station 801 is shown, but the same processing is also used in relaying communication from base station 801 to UE 811.

[0120] 5G base stations can support access and backhaul integration (Integrated Access and Backhaul: IAB) (refer to non-patent literature 2, 20). A base station that supports IAB (hereinafter sometimes referred to as an IAB base station) is composed of a CU of a base station that acts as an IAB host providing an IAB function, namely, an IAB host CU, a DU of a base station that acts as an IAB host, namely, an IAB host DU, and an IAB node that uses a wireless interface to connect to the IAB host DU and to the UE. An F1 interface is set between the IAB node and the IAB host CU (refer to non-patent literature 2).

[0121] Fig.10 An example of the connection of an IAB base station is shown in FIG. An IAB host CU 901 is connected to an IAB host DU 902. An IAB node 903 is connected to an IAB host DU 902 using a wireless interface. An IAB node 903 is connected to an IAB node 904 using a wireless interface. That is, multi-level connections of IAB nodes are sometimes made. A UE 905 is connected to an IAB node 904 using a wireless interface. A UE 906 is sometimes connected to an IAB node 903 using a wireless interface, and a UE 907 is sometimes connected to an IAB host DU 902 using a wireless interface. Sometimes multiple IAB host DUs 902 are connected to an IAB host CU 901, sometimes multiple IAB nodes 903 are connected to an IAB host DU 902, and sometimes multiple IAB nodes 904 are connected to an IAB node 903.

[0122] In the connection between the IAB host DU and the IAB node and the connection between the IAB nodes, a BAP (Backhaul Adaptation Protocol) layer is set (see non-patent document 29). The BAP layer performs operations such as routing received data to the IAB host DU and / or IAB node, mapping to the RLC channel, etc. (see non-patent document 29).

[0123] As an example of the structure of the IAB host CU, the same structure as that of the CU 215 is used.

[0124] As an example of the structure of the IAB host DU, the same structure as that of DU 216 is used. In the protocol processing unit of the IAB host DU, BAP layer processing is performed, such as the addition of a BAP header in downlink data, routing to an IAB node, and removal of a BAP header in uplink data.

[0125] As an example of the structure of an IAB node, sometimes in addition to Figure 5 The structure other than the EPC communication unit 401, other base station communication unit 402, and 5GC communication unit 412 shown.

[0126] use Figure 5 , Fig.10 To illustrate the transceiver processing in the IAB node. The transceiver processing of the IAB node 903 in the communication between the IAB host CU 901 and the UE 905 is explained. In the uplink communication from the UE 905 to the IAB host CU 901, the wireless signal from the IAB node 904 is received through the antenna 408 (part or all of the antennas 408-1 to 408-4). The received signal is converted from the wireless reception frequency to a baseband signal by the frequency conversion unit 407, and demodulated in the demodulation unit 409. The demodulated data is transmitted to the decoding unit 410, and decoding processing such as error correction is performed. The decoded data is transmitted to the protocol processing unit 403, and protocol processing such as MAC, RLC, etc. for communication with the IAB node 904, such as removal of headers in each protocol, etc., is performed. In addition, routing to the IAB host DU 902 using the BAP header is performed, and protocol processing such as RLC, MAC, etc. for communication with the IAB host DU 902, such as the assignment of headers in each protocol, is performed. The data that has undergone protocol processing is transmitted to the encoding unit 405, and coding processing such as error correction is performed. There may also be data that is directly output from the protocol processing unit 403 to the modulation unit 406 without performing coding processing. The encoded data is modulated in the modulation unit 406. Precoding in MIMO may also be performed in the modulation unit 406. After the modulated data is converted into a baseband signal, it is output to the frequency conversion unit 407 and converted into a wireless transmission frequency. Thereafter, the transmission signal is sent to the IAB host DU 902 using antennas 408-1 to 408-4. The same processing is also performed in the downlink communication from the IAB host CU 901 to the UE 905.

[0127] The IAB node 904 also performs the same transmission and reception processing as the IAB node 903. In the protocol processing unit 403 of the IAB node 903, as BAP layer processing, for example, the addition of a BAP header in uplink communication and routing to the IAB node 904, and the removal of a BAP header in downlink communication are performed.

[0128] A repeater can be used in the communication between the base station and the UE (hereinafter sometimes referred to as an access link (AL) (see non-patent document 31)). A repeater can have multiple beams. A repeater can receive a signal from a transmission source, amplify it, and send the amplified signal to a transmission destination (this action is sometimes referred to as AL transmission and reception). A repeater can use beams in AL transmission and reception.

[0129] The base station can control the repeater. The base station can send a control signal to the repeater (a link used to send a control signal from the base station to the repeater is sometimes called a fronthaul link (FL) (see Non-Patent Document 31)). The control signal can use L1 / L2 signaling.

[0130] The base station may control the beam used by the relay. The control by the base station may be, for example, switching of the beam. For example, the base station may switch the beam based on the movement of the UE.

[0131] The positioning of the UE connected to the base station via the repeater can be performed. For example, the UE can receive a positioning signal sent by the base station. The positioning signal can be, for example, a PRS. The UE can notify the LMF of the reception result of the positioning signal. The reception result of the positioning signal can include, for example, information about the difference between the reception time of the positioning signal from the base station and the reception time of the positioning signal from other base stations. The LMF can use this information to calculate the position of the UE.

[0132] However, since the UE is connected to the base station via a relay, the difference between the UE's positioning signal reception time and the base station's positioning signal transmission time cannot directly correspond to the distance between the base station and the UE. As a result, the UE's position calculation result becomes inaccurate.

[0133] In the first embodiment, a method for solving such a problem is disclosed.

[0134] In this method, the base station notifies the LMF of information related to the repeater.

[0135] The information may include, for example, information related to the delay time in the repeater. The information related to the delay time may be, for example, the time from when the repeater receives a signal to when it sends a signal.

[0136] The base station may pre-specify the delay time in the repeater. The base station may notify the repeater of the specified delay information. The repeater may send a positioning signal to the UE after the specified time has passed after receiving the positioning signal from the base station. Thus, for example, the processing amount of the repeater related to the derivation of the delay time in the repeater may be reduced.

[0137] The information related to the repeater notified from the base station to the LMF may include information about the transmission delay from the base station to the repeater, may include information about the location of the repeater, or may include both of the above information. The information about the location of the repeater may be information about the location of the repeater itself, may be information about the relative position between the base station and the repeater, may be information about the distance between the base station and the repeater, or may be a combination of the above multiple information. The LMF may use this information to derive the transmission delay between the base station and the LMF. Thus, for example, regardless of the positional relationship between the base station, the repeater, and the UE, the accuracy of the UE's position calculation may be improved.

[0138] This notification from the base station to the LMF can use, for example, NRPPa signaling (refer to non-patent document 33 (3GPP TS38.455)). For example, OTDOA (Observed Time Difference Of Arrival) information response (OTDOA INFORMATION RESPONSE) signaling can be used, positioning information response (POSITIONING INFORMATION RESPONSE) signaling can be used, positioning information update (POSITIONING INFORMATION UPDATE) signaling can be used, TRP information response (TRP INFORMATION RESPONSE) signaling can be used, positioning activation response (POSITIONING ACTIVATION RESPONSE) signaling can be used, PRS setting response (PRS CONFIGURATION RESPONSE) signaling can be used, measurement pre-setting confirmation (MEASUREMENTPRECONFIGURATION CONFIRM) signaling can be used, or assistance information feedback (ASSISTANCE INFORMATION FEEDBACK) signaling can be used. As a result, for example, complexity in the communication system can be avoided. New NRPPa signaling may be set up. New NRPPa signaling may be used for this notification from the base station to the LMF.

[0139] LMF can request the base station for information related to the repeater. The request can use NRPPa signaling. For example, OTDOA information request (OTDOA INFORMATION REQUEST) signaling can be used, positioning information request (POSITIONING INFORMATION REQUEST) signaling can be used, TRP information request (TRP INFORMATIONREQUEST) signaling can be used, positioning activation request (POSITIONING ACTIVATION REQUEST) signaling can be used, PRS setting request (PRS CONFIGURATION REQUEST) signaling can be used, or signaling with measurement pre-setting request (MEASUREMENT PRECONFIGURATION REQUIRED) can be used, and assistance information control (ASSISTANCEINFORMATION CONTROL) signaling can be used. In this way, for example, complexity in the communication system can be avoided. New NRPPa signaling can be set. New NRPPa signaling can be used for this request from LMF to the base station. The notification of the information related to the repeater from the base station to the LMF can be carried out based on this request.

[0140] The repeater can notify the base station of the information in the repeater. The notification can be, for example, Msg3 in the 4-step random access process, MsgA in the 2-step random access, or other signaling, such as RRC Setup Complete (refer to non-patent document 19 (3GPP TS38.331)). As another example, the information can be included in the capability (e.g., UE capability) for notification.

[0141] The notification of the information from the repeater to the base station can be performed with the request from the base station as an opportunity. The base station can request the repeater in advance for information related to the repeater. For the request from the base station to the repeater, for example, Msg2 in the 4-step random access process can be used, or other signaling, such as RRC setting request signaling (refer to non-patent document 19 (3GPP TS 38.331)) can be used. As another example, the request can be included in a capability (e.g., UE capability) request for notification. The request from the base station to the repeater can be made with the request from the LMF to the base station as an opportunity.

[0142] The base station may notify the repeater of the settings related to the positioning signal. The settings may include information about the time / frequency resources of the positioning signal, may include information about the code sequence of the positioning signal, may include information about the amplification factor in the repeater, may include information about the transmission power in the repeater, may include information about the transmission timing of the signal in the repeater, and may include information about the beamforming in the repeater. Thus, for example, the repeater can distinguish the positioning signal sent from the base station, and as a result, the repeater can appropriately perform the control of the positioning signal, for example, receive the signal from the base station and send the signal to the UE. In addition, the repeater can obtain the above-mentioned information about the processing delay in the repeater, for example, information from the time when the repeater receives the signal to the time when the signal is sent.

[0143] The setting may include information related to the QCL of the positioning signal. The information may include information indicating which reference signal (e.g., SS block, CSI-RS) beam the positioning signal can be considered to be the same as. The repeater can obtain information related to the beam used to send the positioning signal through this information. Thus, for example, the size of the information related to the setting of the positioning signal can be reduced.

[0144] The LMF may inquire whether the base station uses a repeater. The inquiry may include information for identifying the repeater, such as an identifier of the repeater, and may include information related to the UE communicating with the base station via the repeater. NRPPa signaling, such as NRPPa TRP information request (NRPPa TRP INFORMATION REQUEST) signaling, may be used for the inquiry from the LMF to the base station. A new NRPPa signaling may be set. The new NRPPa signaling may be used for the inquiry from the LMF to the base station.

[0145] The base station can notify the LMF of information related to whether or not the repeater is used. The information may include information for identifying the repeater, such as an identifier of the repeater, and may include information related to the UE communicating with the base station via the repeater. The information can be notified based on the above-mentioned inquiry from the LMF to the base station. The notification from the base station to the LMF can use NRPPa signaling, such as NRPPa TRP information response (NRPPa TRP INFORMATION RESPONSE) signaling. A new NRPPa signaling can be set. The new NRPPa signaling can be used for the notification from the base station to the LMF.

[0146] The UE can receive a positioning signal sent via a repeater. The UE can notify the LMF of the reception result of the positioning signal. The notification can use LPP signaling, for example (refer to non-patent document 34 (3GPP TS 37.355)). The LMF can use this information to calculate the position of the UE. The LMF can use the above information about the repeater notified from the base station. As a result, for example, the LMF can calculate the position of the UE with high accuracy.

[0147] Fig.11 is a timing diagram showing an example of a positioning process of a UE connected to a base station via a relay. Fig.11 In the example shown, OTDOA positioning is performed. Fig.11 , the base station sends a positioning signal. Fig.11 , an example of performing positioning associated with a location information request from a UE (Mobile-Originated Location Request: MO-LR) is shown. Fig.11 , an example of performing UE-assisted positioning (UE-assisted positioning: positioning in which LMF, etc. uses auxiliary information from UE (for example, positioning signal reception results) to perform position calculation) is shown.

[0148] exist Fig.11 In the process, the signal transmission and reception between the UE and the base station, AMF, and LMF are performed via the relay. Fig.11 In the , the description of the side control information sent from the base station to the repeater is omitted, but before the signal transmission and reception between the UE and the base station, AMF and LMF is carried out, the side control information is sent to indicate the setting of the beam from the base station to the repeater. Fig.11 The same applies to the following drawings.

[0149] exist Fig.11 In the process 2301 shown, a positioning request from the UE and a positioning capability request and notification between the LMF and the UE are executed.

[0150] exist Fig.11 In steps ST2303 and ST2305 shown, the UE requests the LMF for positioning. The request is made via the AMF. Step ST2303 represents the request from the UE to the AMF, and step ST2305 represents the request from the AMF to the LMF.

[0151] exist Fig.11In step ST2307, a positioning capability request is made from the LMF to the UE. The request is performed using LPP signaling, such as LPP Request Capability. In step ST2309, the UE notifies the LMF of the positioning capability. The notification is performed using LPP signaling, such as LPP Provide Capability.

[0152] exist Fig.11 In the process 2310 shown, the request and notification of auxiliary data are performed between the LMF and the UE. In step ST2311, the LMF requests auxiliary data from the UE. The request is performed using LPP signaling, such as signaling of LPP auxiliary data request. In step ST2313, the UE notifies the LMF of the auxiliary data. The notification is performed using LPP signaling, such as signaling of LPP auxiliary data provision.

[0153] exist Fig.11 In step ST2315 shown, the LMF requests the base station for information related to whether a repeater is used. The request may use NRPPa signaling, such as signaling of an NRPPa TRP information request. The request may include a request for information related to the TRP of the base station. The request for information related to whether a repeater is used may include information for identifying a repeater, such as a request for an identifier of a repeater, or may include a request for information related to a UE communicating with the base station via a repeater.

[0154] exist Fig.11 In step ST2317 shown, the base station notifies the LMF of information about whether the repeater is used. This notification may use NRPPa signaling, such as NRPPa TRP information response signaling. This notification may include information related to TRP. Fig.11 In the example shown, the notification indicates that the repeater is in use.

[0155] exist Fig.11 In step ST2319 shown, the LMF requests the base station for the information required for OTDOA. The request may use NRPPa signaling, such as signaling of an NRPPa OTDOA information request. The request may include a request for information about a repeater. The information may include information indicating the start of transmission of a positioning signal. The base station may use step ST2319 as an opportunity to send a positioning signal, such as a PRS.

[0156] exist Fig.11In step ST2322 shown, the base station requests the repeater for information related to the repeater. For example, the request may be performed using L1 / L2 signaling, the request may be performed using MAC signaling, the request may be performed using RRC signaling, or a combination of the above may be used to perform the request. In step ST2325, the repeater notifies the base station of information about the repeater. For example, the notification may be performed using L1 / L2 signaling, the notification may be performed using MAC signaling, the notification may be performed using RRC signaling, or a combination of the above may be used to perform the notification.

[0157] exist Fig.11 In step ST2327 shown, the base station requests the information required for OTDOA from the LMF. The notification may use NRPPa signaling, such as signaling of NRPPa OTDOA information response. The notification may include information related to the repeater. The information related to the repeater may include, for example, information about the transmission delay from the base station to the repeater, may include information about the location of the repeater, or may include information about the processing delay in the repeater.

[0158] exist Fig.11 In step ST2329 shown, the LMF indicates to the UE the reception of the positioning signal. The indication may be performed using LPP signaling, such as LPP Request Location Information signaling. The indication may include information related to the received positioning signal. The UE may use the indication as an opportunity to start the reception of the positioning signal.

[0159] exist Fig.11 In step ST2330 shown, a positioning signal is sent from the base station to the UE. The sending is performed via a repeater. The repeater receives the positioning signal from the base station and sends the signal to the UE. In step ST2331, the UE measures the positioning signal sent from the base station via the repeater.

[0160] exist Fig.11In step ST2333 shown, the UE reports the measurement results of the positioning signal to the LMF. The report can be performed using LPP signaling, such as LPP Provide Location Information signaling. The report may include information related to the difference between the reception time of the received positioning signal received from the base station via a repeater and the reception time of the positioning signal received from another base station, or may include information about other base stations. The positioning signal received by the UE from other base stations may be a positioning signal received directly from the other base stations, or may be a positioning signal received via a repeater connected to the base station. The UE may not be aware of whether the received positioning signal is received directly from the base station or via a repeater.

[0161] exist Fig.11 In the process 2335 shown, the UE's location calculation and notification of the location calculation result are performed.

[0162] Fig.11 In step ST2337 shown, LMF calculates the position of the UE. LMF can perform this calculation using the positioning signal measurement results obtained in step ST2333, can perform this calculation using the information about the relay obtained in step ST2327, or can perform this calculation using both of the above.

[0163] Fig.11 In steps ST2339 and ST2341 shown, LMF notifies UE of the positioning result. The notification is performed via AMF. Step ST2339 represents the notification from LMF to AMF, and step ST2341 represents the notification from AMF to UE.

[0164] exist Fig.11 In the example shown, the case of performing positioning related to MO-LR is shown, but it can also be applied to positioning related to a location information request terminated at the UE (Mobile-Terminated Location Request: MT-LR), or it can also be applied to positioning related to a location information request initiated by the network (Network-Induced Location Request: NI-LR). Fig.11 The same applies to the following drawings.

[0165] As another solution, the repeater may generate and send a positioning signal. The positioning signal sent by the repeater may be, for example, a PRS.

[0166] The base station may notify the repeater of the setting of the positioning signal. The notification may include information related to the time / frequency resource of the positioning signal, may include information related to the beam used to send the positioning signal, or may include information related to the code sequence of the positioning signal. The notification may include a request for information about the repeater. For the notification from the base station to the repeater, L1 / L2 signaling may be used, MAC signaling may be used, RRC signaling may be used, or a combination of the above may be used.

[0167] The repeater can use the information obtained in the notification to set the positioning signal. The repeater can use the notification as an opportunity to start sending the positioning signal. The repeater can notify the base station that the setting of the positioning signal has been completed. In the notification, information about the repeater can be notified. The information about the repeater can be the same as above. For the notification from the repeater to the base station, L1 / L2 signaling can be used, MAC signaling can be used, RRC signaling can be used, or a combination of the above can be used.

[0168] Fig.12 is a timing diagram showing another example of a positioning process of a UE connected to a base station via a relay. Fig.12 In the example shown, OTDOA positioning is performed. Fig.12 , the repeater sends a positioning signal. Fig.12 In, with Fig.11 The same processing is assigned the same reference numerals, and common descriptions are omitted.

[0169] Fig.12 The processes 2301, 2310, steps ST2315 to ST2319 shown are Fig.11 same.

[0170] exist Fig.12 In step ST2422 shown, the base station notifies the repeater of the setting of the positioning signal. The notification may include information about the resources of the positioning signal, or may include information about the beam used to send the positioning signal. The notification may include a request for information about the repeater. For step ST2422, L1 / L2 signaling may be used, MAC signaling may be used, RRC signaling may be used, or a combination of the above may be used. The repeater uses the information received in step ST2422 to set the positioning signal.

[0171] exist Fig.12In step ST2425 shown, the repeater notifies the base station that the setting of the positioning signal has been completed. In the notification, information about the repeater can be notified. The information about the repeater can be the same as above. For step ST2425, L1 / L2 signaling can be used, MAC signaling can be used, RRC signaling can be used, or a combination of the above can be used.

[0172] Fig.12 Steps ST2327, ST2329 and Fig.11 same.

[0173] exist Fig.12 In step ST2430 shown, the relay transmits a positioning signal to the UE. This transmission can be performed using the settings notified in step ST2422.

[0174] Fig.12 Steps ST2331, ST2333, process 2335 and Fig.11 same.

[0175] The base station can notify devices other than the LMF of information about the repeater. This information about the repeater can be used in other core NW devices. For example, the base station can notify the AMF of the information. The AMF can use the information, for example, to register the repeater. For example, the AMF can use the location information of the repeater to determine whether the repeater can be registered to the NW. Thus, for example, the use of the repeater in a location where the repeater is not allowed to transmit can be prevented.

[0176] The relay may have a positioning function. For example, regarding positioning, the relay may have the same function as the UE. The positioning of the relay itself may be performed. In the positioning of the relay, the same method as the positioning of the UE may be used, the same signaling as the positioning of the UE may be used, or the same signaling as the positioning of the UE may be used.

[0177] The repeater can derive the position of the repeater. For example, the derivation in the repeater can be performed by a method based on UE positioning (a positioning method in which the UE derives the position of the UE). Thus, for example, the amount of processing related to the position calculation in the LMF can be reduced.

[0178] The positioning of the repeater and the UE can be performed simultaneously. The repeater and / or the UE can receive the positioning signal sent by the base station. The positioning signals received by the repeater and the UE can be the same or different. The UE can notify the LMF of the measurement results of the positioning signal. The repeater can notify the base station of information about the repeater, such as the processing delay in the repeater. The base station can notify the LMF of the information. The LMF can use the above information to calculate the position of the repeater and the UE. As a result, for example, the positioning of the repeater and the UE can be performed quickly.

[0179] The method disclosed in the present embodiment 1 can be switched. For example, the sending of the positioning signal from the base station and the generation and sending of the positioning signal from the repeater can be switched. The base station can notify the repeater of information related to the switching. For example, the information can be information indicating whether the positioning signal is received from the base station and sent to the UE or whether the positioning signal is generated by the repeater itself. The repeater can use the information to receive the positioning signal from the base station and send the positioning signal to the UE, or can generate the positioning signal in the repeater and send the positioning signal to the UE. As a result, for example, flexibility in positioning can be improved.

[0180] The method disclosed in this embodiment 1 can be used for UE-based positioning. The LMF can notify the UE of information related to the repeater. For the notification, LPP signaling, such as signaling provided by LPP auxiliary data, can be used, or other LPP signaling can be used. As another example, the base station can notify the UE of the information about the repeater. For the notification from the base station to the UE, RRC signaling can be used, MAC signaling can be used, and L1 / L2 signaling can also be used. The UE can use the information notified from the LMF and / or the base station to derive the position of the UE. Thus, for example, in UE-based positioning, the positioning accuracy of the UE connected to the base station via a repeater can also be improved.

[0181] According to the first embodiment, positioning accuracy can be ensured even in positioning of a UE connected to a base station via a relay.

[0182] Implementation method 2. In the positioning using the uplink signal, the same method as that of Embodiment 1 can be applied. The positioning using the uplink signal may be, for example, UL-TDOA (see Non-Patent Document 24 (3GPP TS 38.305)).

[0183] For example, a UE connected to a base station via a repeater may transmit an SRS, and the base station may receive the SRS. The repeater may receive the SRS transmitted by the UE and transmit the SRS to the base station. The repeater may amplify the SRS transmitted by the UE and transmit the SRS to the base station. The repeater may perform the amplification action and / or the transmission action together with another channel / signal.

[0184] The base station may notify the LMF of information related to the relay. For example, the information may include the same information as disclosed in Embodiment 1.

[0185] The information related to the repeater notified from the base station to the LMF may include information about the transmission delay from the base station to the repeater, may include information about the location of the repeater, or may include both of the above information.

[0186] The repeater can notify the base station of the information related to the repeater. The notification can be, for example, Msg3 in the 4-step random access process, MsgA in the 2-step random access, or other signaling, such as RRC Setup Complete (refer to non-patent document 19 (3GPP TS38.331)). As another example, the information can be included in the capability (e.g., UE capability) for notification.

[0187] The notification of the information from the relay to the base station may be performed with the request from the base station as an opportunity. The base station may request the information about the relay from the relay in advance. For the request from the base station to the relay, for example, Msg2 in the 4-step random access process may be used, or other signaling may be used, such as signaling of an RRC setting request (refer to non-patent document 19 (3GPP TS 38.331)). As another example, the request may be included in a capability (e.g., UE capability) request for notification.

[0188] Fig.13 is a timing diagram showing another example of a positioning process of a UE connected to a base station via a relay. Fig.13 In the example shown, UL-TDOA positioning is performed. Fig.13 In , the UE sends SRS and the base station receives SRS. Fig.13 In, with Fig.11 The same processing is assigned the same reference numerals, and common descriptions are omitted.

[0189] Fig.13 The process 2301, steps ST2315, ST2317 and Fig.11 same.

[0190] exist Fig.13 In step ST2519 shown, the LMF requests the base station for information required for positioning. The request may use NRPPa signaling, such as signaling of NRPPa positioning information request. The request may include a request for information about the repeater. The information may include an indication of SRS setting. In step ST2520, the base station sets the SRS. In step ST2521, the base station instructs the UE to send the SRS. The indication may use RRC signaling, such as signaling of RRC resetting. The indication may include information related to the SRS setting.

[0191] Fig.13 Steps ST2322, ST2325 and Fig.11 same.

[0192] exist Fig.13In step ST2527 shown, the base station notifies the LMF of the information required for positioning. The notification may use NRPPa signaling, such as signaling of NRPPa positioning information response. The notification may include information related to the repeater. For example, the information related to the repeater may include information about the transmission delay from the base station to the repeater, may include information about the location of the repeater, or may include information about the processing delay in the repeater.

[0193] exist Fig.13 In step ST2529 shown, the LMF requests the base station to start sending the positioning signal from the UE. The request can use NRPPa signaling, such as NRPPa positioning activation request (NRPPa POSITIONING ACTIVATIONREQUEST) signaling. The request may include information related to the UE that starts sending the positioning signal. In step ST2531, the base station indicates to the UE the start of sending the positioning signal. For this indication, L1 / L2 signaling, MAC signaling, RRC signaling, or a combination of the above can be used. In step ST2533, the base station notifies the LMF that the start of sending the positioning signal is completed. The notification can use NRPPa signaling, such as NRPPa positioning activation response (NRPPaPOSITIONING ACTIVATION RESPONSE) signaling.

[0194] exist Fig.13 In step ST2535, the LMF requests the base station to measure the positioning signal. This request may use NRPPa signaling, such as NRPPa measurement request signaling.

[0195] exist Fig.13 In step ST2537 shown, the UE sends an SRS to the base station as a positioning signal. In step ST2539, the base station measures the SRS from the UE.

[0196] exist Fig.13 In step ST2541 shown, the base station notifies the LMF of the measurement result of the positioning signal. The notification may use NRPPa signaling, such as NRPPa measurement response signaling. In step ST2543, the LMF instructs the base station to stop sending positioning signals from the UE. The instruction may use NRPPa signaling, such as NRPPa positioning deactivation (NRPPa POSITIONINGDEACTIVATION) signaling.

[0197] Fig.13 The process 2335 shown is similar to Fig.11The LMF may calculate the position of the UE using the measurement result included in step ST2541, may calculate the position of the UE using the relay information included in step ST2527, or may determine the position of the UE using a combination of the above.

[0198] exist Fig.13 In the example shown, the case of performing positioning related to MO-LR is shown, but it can also be applied to positioning related to location information request terminated at UE (MT-LR), or can be applied to positioning related to network initiated location information request (NI-LR).

[0199] As another solution, the repeater can measure the positioning signal. The repeater can receive the positioning signal. The positioning signal received by the repeater can be, for example, an SRS. The base station can notify the repeater of the setting of the positioning signal. The repeater can use the notification as an opportunity to start receiving the positioning signal. The repeater can notify the base station that the setting of the positioning signal has been completed. The notification can include information related to the repeater. The information about the repeater can be the same as above.

[0200] The repeater may notify the base station of the reception result of the positioning signal. The notification may include information about the reception time of the positioning signal, may include information about the reception angle of the positioning signal, may include information about the received power of the positioning signal (e.g., SRS-RSRP), or may include information disclosed in the TRP Measurement Result described in Non-Patent Document 33 (3GPP TS 38.455). The LMF may use this information to calculate the position of the UE.

[0201] Fig.14 is a timing diagram showing another example of a positioning process of a UE connected to a base station via a relay. Fig.14 In the example shown, UL-TDOA positioning is performed. Fig.14 In , the UE sends SRS and the relay receives SRS. Fig.14 In, with Fig.11 , Fig.13 The same processing is assigned the same reference numerals, and common descriptions are omitted.

[0202] Fig.14 The process 2301, steps ST2315, ST2317 and Fig.11 Steps ST2519 to ST2521 are the same as Fig.13 same.

[0203] exist Fig.14In step ST2622 shown, the base station notifies the repeater of the setting of the SRS. The notification may include information about the resources of the SRS, or may include information about the beam used to send the SRS. The notification may include a request for information about the repeater. For step ST2622, L1 / L2 signaling may be used, MAC signaling may be used, RRC signaling may be used, or a combination of the above may be used. The repeater uses the information notified in step ST2622 to set up SRS reception.

[0204] exist Fig.14 In step ST2625 shown, the repeater notifies the base station that the setting of SRS reception has been completed. The notification may include information related to the repeater. The information related to the repeater may be the same as described above. For step ST2625, L1 / L2 signaling may be used, MAC signaling may be used, RRC signaling may be used, or a combination of the above may be used.

[0205] Fig.14 Steps ST2527 to ST2535 shown are Fig.13 same.

[0206] exist Fig.14 In step ST2636 shown, the base station indicates to the repeater the start of SRS reception. The notification may include information about the resources of the SRS, or may include information about the beam used to receive the SRS. The notification may include a request for information about the repeater. For step ST2636, L1 / L2 signaling may be used, MAC signaling may be used, RRC signaling may be used, or a combination of the above may be used. Taking step ST2636 as an opportunity, the repeater starts the SRS reception action.

[0207] exist Fig.14 In step ST2637 shown, the UE sends an SRS to the relay as a positioning signal. In step ST2639, the relay measures the SRS from the UE.

[0208] exist Fig.14 In step ST2640 shown, the repeater notifies the base station of the SRS measurement result. For this notification, L1 / L2 signaling may be used, MAC signaling may be used, RRC signaling may be used, or a combination of the above may be used. In step ST2641, the base station notifies the LMF of the measurement result of the positioning signal. The notification may include information about the SRS measurement result in the repeater included in step ST2640. The notification may use NRPPa signaling, such as signaling of an NRPPa measurement response.

[0209] Fig.14 Step ST2543 shown is the same as Fig.13 same. Fig.14 The process 2335 shown is similar to Fig.11 The LMF may calculate the position of the UE using the measurement result included in step ST2641, may calculate the position of the UE using the relay information included in step ST2527, or may determine the position of the UE using a combination of the above.

[0210] The positioning of the repeater and the UE using the uplink signal can be performed simultaneously. The repeater and / or the base station can receive the positioning signal sent by the UE. The positioning signals received by the repeater and the base station can be the same or different. The repeater can notify the base station of the positioning signal reception result. The base station can notify the LMF of the positioning signal reception result of the base station. The notification from the base station to the LMF may include the positioning signal reception result in the repeater, or may include information about the repeater. The LMF can use the above information to calculate the position of the repeater and the UE. Thus, for example, the positioning of the repeater and the UE can be performed quickly.

[0211] The method disclosed in this embodiment 2 can be used for UE-based positioning. The LMF can notify the UE of information related to the repeater. For the notification, LPP signaling, such as signaling provided by LPP auxiliary data, or other LPP signaling can be used. As another example, the base station can notify the UE of the information about the repeater. For the notification from the base station to the UE, RRC signaling, MAC signaling, and L1 / L2 signaling can be used. The UE can use the information notified from the LMF and / or the base station to derive the position of the UE. Thus, for example, in UE-based positioning, the positioning accuracy of the UE connected to the base station via a repeater can also be improved.

[0212] The method disclosed in this embodiment 2 can be switched. For example, the SRS measurement in the repeater and the SRS measurement in the base station can be switched. The base station can notify the repeater of information related to the switch. For example, the information can be information indicating whether the measurement of the SRS is performed by the base station or the repeater. The repeater can use the information to receive the SRS from the UE and send the SRS to the base station, or can measure the SRS in the repeater. As a result, for example, the flexibility of the communication system can be improved.

[0213] According to the second embodiment, positioning accuracy can be ensured even in positioning using uplink signals of a UE connected to a base station via a repeater.

[0214] Implementation method 3. Signaling can be sent and received between the repeater and the LMF. The signaling can be, for example, NRPPa signaling.

[0215] The base station may send NRPPa signaling for the relay from the LMF to the relay. The relay may receive the NRPPa signaling sent via the base station. The relay may send NRPPa signaling for the LMF to the base station. The base station may receive the NRPPa signaling for the LMF sent from the relay.

[0216] The NRPPa protocol may be terminated between the repeater and the LMF. As another example, the NRPPa protocol may be terminated between the base station and the LMF. The NRPPa protocol may be terminated between the base station and the repeater. The base station may relay the NRPPa signaling sent from the LMF to the repeater, or may relay the NRPPa signaling sent from the repeater to the LMF.

[0217] RRC signaling can be used to send and receive NRPPa signaling. NRPPa signaling can be encapsulated in RRC signaling sent and received between the base station and the relay. The NRPPa signaling can be signaling terminated between the base station and the relay, or can be signaling terminated between the relay and the LMF.

[0218] Fig.15 is a diagram showing an example of a protocol stack in a repeater, a base station, an AMF, and a LMF. Fig.15 In the example shown, the base station relays NRPPa signaling between the LMF and the repeater.

[0219] NAS signaling can be used to send and receive NRPPa signaling. NAS signaling can be sent and received between AMF and relay. NRPPa signaling can be encapsulated in NAS signaling sent and received between AMF and relay. The NRPPa signaling can be signaling terminated between relay and LMF. RRC signaling can be used to send the NAS signaling. The NAS signaling can be encapsulated in RRC signaling.

[0220] Fig.16 is a diagram showing another example of a protocol stack in a repeater, a base station, an AMF, and a LMF. Fig.16 In the example shown, NAS signaling between the relay and AMF is used to send and receive NRPPa signaling between the relay and LMF. RRC signaling between the relay and the base station is used to send and receive NAS signaling between the relay and AMF.

[0221] As an example of signaling between the LMF and the repeater, the LMF may request information about the repeater from the repeater. The information about the repeater may be the same as in Implementation 1. NRPPa signaling may be used for this request from the LMF to the repeater. For example, signaling for an OTDOA information request may be used, signaling for a positioning information request may be used, signaling for a TRP information request may be used, signaling for a positioning activation request may be used, signaling for a PRS setting request may be used, signaling with a measurement preset request may be used, or signaling for auxiliary information control may be used. A new NRPPa signaling may be set. The new NRPPa signaling may be used for this notification from the LMF to the repeater.

[0222] As an example of signaling between the LMF and the repeater, the repeater may notify the LMF of information about the repeater. The information about the repeater may be the same as in Embodiment 1. The repeater may perform the notification with the above request from the LMF as an opportunity.

[0223] For example, NRPPa signaling can be used for the notification from the repeater to the LMF. For example, the signaling of the OTDOA information response can be used, the signaling of the positioning information response can be used, the signaling of the positioning information update can be used, the signaling of the TRP information response can be used, the signaling of the positioning activation response can be used, the signaling of the PRS setting response can be used, the signaling of the measurement preset confirmation can be used, and the signaling of the auxiliary information feedback can be used. Thus, for example, complexity in the communication system can be avoided. A new NRPPa signaling can be set. The new NRPPa signaling can be used for the notification from the repeater to the LMF.

[0224] In the positioning process disclosed in Embodiment 1, NRPPa signaling may be sent and received between the relay and the LMF. For example, when a positioning signal is sent from a base station to a UE via a relay, NRPPa signaling may be sent and received between the relay and the LMF.

[0225] Fig.17 is a timing diagram showing another example of a positioning process of a UE connected to a base station via a relay. Fig.17 In the example shown, OTDOA positioning is performed. Fig.17 , the base station sends a positioning signal. Fig.17 , an example of performing positioning associated with a location information request from a UE is shown. Fig.17 An example of performing UE-assisted positioning is shown in FIG. Fig.17 In, with Fig.11 The same processing is assigned the same reference numerals, and common descriptions are omitted.

[0226] Fig.17The processes 2301, 2310, steps ST2315, ST2317 and Fig.11 same.

[0227] exist Fig.17 In step ST2919, LMF requests the base station for the information required for OTDOA. This request can be made using Fig.11 The same signaling as shown in step ST2319. The request may not include a request for information about the repeater.

[0228] exist Fig.17 In step ST2922, the LMF requests the repeater for information related to the repeater. The request may use NRPPa signaling, such as NRPPa OTDOA information request signaling.

[0229] exist Fig.17 In step ST2925, the repeater notifies the LMF of information related to the repeater. This notification may be made using NRPPa signaling, such as NRPPa OTDOA information response signaling.

[0230] exist Fig.17 In step ST2927, the base station notifies the LMF of the information required for OTDOA. The notification may use NRPPa signaling, such as NRPPa OTDOA information response signaling. The notification may include information related to the repeater.

[0231] Fig.17 Steps ST2329 to ST2333, process 2335 and Fig.11 same.

[0232] As another example, when the relay sends a positioning signal to the UE, NRPPa signaling may be sent and received between the relay and the LMF.

[0233] Fig.18 is a timing diagram showing another example of a positioning process of a UE connected to a base station via a relay. Fig.18 In the example shown, OTDOA positioning is performed. In FIG30 , the repeater sends a positioning signal. Fig.18 In, with Fig.11 , Fig.12 The same processing is assigned the same reference numerals, and common descriptions are omitted.

[0234] Fig.18 The processes 2301, 2310, steps ST2315, ST2317 and Fig.11 same.

[0235] exist Fig.18In step ST3022 shown, the LMF requests the repeater for the information required for OTDOA. Step ST3022 may include a request for information about the repeater. The request may include information related to the indication of sending the positioning signal. The request may use NRPPa signaling, such as signaling of NRPPa OTDOA information request.

[0236] exist Fig.18 In step ST3025 shown, the repeater notifies the LMF of the information required for OTDOA. The notification may include information related to the repeater itself. The notification may use NRPPa signaling, such as NRPPa OTDOA information response signaling.

[0237] Fig.18 Step ST2329 shown is the same as Fig.11 Step ST2430 is the same as Fig.12 Steps ST2331, ST2333, and process 2335 are the same as Fig.11 same.

[0238] In the positioning process disclosed in Embodiment 2, NRPPa signaling may be sent and received between the relay and the LMF. For example, when the UE sends an SRS and the base station receives the SRS, NRPPa signaling may be sent and received between the relay and the LMF.

[0239] Fig.19 is a timing diagram showing another example of a positioning process of a UE connected to a base station via a relay. Fig.19 In the example shown, UL-TDOA positioning is performed. Fig.19 In , the UE sends SRS and the base station receives SRS. Fig.19 In, with Fig.11 , Fig.13 The same processing is assigned the same reference numerals, and common descriptions are omitted.

[0240] Fig.19 The process 2301, steps ST2315, ST2317 and Fig.11 same.

[0241] exist Fig.19 In step ST3119 shown, the LMF requests the base station for information required for positioning. The request may use NRPPa signaling, such as signaling of NRPPa positioning information request. The information may include an indication of SRS setting. The request may not include a request for information related to the relay.

[0242] Fig.19 Steps ST2520, ST2521 and Fig.13 same.

[0243] exist Fig.19 In step ST3122, LMF requests the repeater for information related to the repeater. The request may use NRPPa signaling, such as NRPPa positioning information request signaling.

[0244] exist Fig.19 In step ST3125 shown, the repeater notifies the LMF of information related to the repeater. The information related to the repeater may include, for example, information about the transmission delay from the base station to the repeater, may include information about the location of the repeater, or may include information about the processing delay in the repeater. The notification may use NRPPa signaling, such as signaling of NRPPa positioning information response.

[0245] exist Fig.19 In step ST3127 shown, the base station notifies the LMF of the information required for positioning. The notification may use NRPPa signaling, such as signaling of NRPPa positioning information response. The notification may include information related to the repeater.

[0246] Fig.19 Steps ST2529 to ST2543 shown are Fig.13 Same as process 2335 Fig.11 same.

[0247] As another example, when the UE sends an SRS and the relay receives the SRS, NRPPa signaling may be sent and received between the relay and the LMF.

[0248] Fig. 20 is a timing diagram showing another example of a positioning process of a UE connected to a base station via a relay. Fig. 20 In the example shown, UL-TDOA positioning is performed. Fig. 20 In , the UE sends SRS and the relay receives SRS. Fig. 20 In, with Fig.11 , Fig.13 , Fig.14 , Fig.19 The same processing is assigned the same reference numerals, and common descriptions are omitted.

[0249] Fig. 20 The process 2301, steps ST2315, ST2317 and Fig.11 Step ST3119 is the same as Fig.19 Steps ST2520 and ST2521 are the same as Fig.13 Step ST3127 is the same as Fig.19 Steps ST2529 to ST2533 are the same as Fig.13 same.

[0250] exist Fig. 20 In step ST3235 shown, the LMF requests the repeater to measure the positioning signal. The request may use NRPPa signaling, such as NRPPa measurement request signaling. The request may include information related to the resources of the SRS, or may include information related to the beam used to receive the SRS. The request may include a request for information related to the repeater.

[0251] Fig. 20 Steps ST2637, ST2639 and Fig.14 same.

[0252] exist Fig. 20 In step ST3241 shown, the repeater notifies the LMF of the SRS measurement result. The notification may use NRPPa signaling, such as NRPPa measurement response signaling. The notification may include information related to the repeater itself.

[0253] Fig. 20 Step ST2543 shown is the same as Fig.13 Same as process 2335 Fig.11 same.

[0254] According to the third embodiment, the amount of positioning signaling processing in the base station can be reduced.

[0255] Modification 1 of Implementation 3. As another example of signaling transmitted and received between the relay and the LMF, the signaling may be LPP signaling.

[0256] The base station may send LPP signaling for the repeater from the LMF to the repeater. The repeater may receive the LPP signaling sent via the base station. The repeater may send LPP signaling for the LMF to the base station. The base station may receive the LPP signaling for the LMF sent from the repeater. The LPP protocol may terminate between the repeater and the LMF.

[0257] NAS signaling can be used to send and receive LPP signaling. NAS signaling can be sent and received between the AMF and the relay. LPP signaling can be encapsulated in NAS signaling sent and received between the AMF and the relay. The LPP signaling can be signaling terminated between the relay and the LMF. RRC signaling can be used to send the NAS signaling. The NAS signaling can be encapsulated in RRC signaling.

[0258] As an example of a protocol stack related to LPP signaling in a repeater, base station, AMF, LMF, the following can be used: Fig.16 An example in which NRPPa is replaced with LPP is shown.

[0259] As an example of signaling between the LMF and the repeater, the LMF may request information about the repeater from the repeater. The information about the repeater may be the same as in Embodiment 1. LPP signaling may be used for the request from the LMF to the repeater. The signaling may be, for example, an LPP capability request, an LPP assistance data request, or an LPP location information request. A new LPP signaling may be set. The new LPP signaling may be used for the request from the LMF to the repeater.

[0260] As an example of signaling between the LMF and the repeater, the repeater may notify the LMF of information about the repeater. The information about the repeater may be the same as in Embodiment 1. The repeater may perform the notification with the above request from the LMF as an opportunity.

[0261] LPP signaling can be used for the notification from the repeater to the LMF. The LPP signaling can be, for example, LPP capability provision, LPP auxiliary data provision, or LPP location information provision. A new LPP signaling can be set. The new LPP signaling can be used for the notification from the repeater to the LMF.

[0262] In the positioning process disclosed in Embodiment 1, LPP signaling may be sent and received between the relay and the LMF. For example, in the case where a positioning signal is sent from a base station to a UE via a relay, LPP signaling may be sent and received between the relay and the LMF. As an example of an action sequence, Fig.17 2922 is replaced with LPP signaling, such as an example of LPP assistance data request, or the example of Fig.17 Step ST2925 shown in FIG. 2 is replaced by an example of LPP signaling, such as LPP auxiliary data provision.

[0263] As another example, when the relay sends a positioning signal to the UE, LPP signaling can be sent and received between the relay and the LMF. As an example of an action sequence, Fig.18 Step ST3022 shown in FIG. 1 is replaced with an example of LPP signaling, such as an LPP assistance data request, or the example of Fig.18 Step ST3025 shown in is replaced by an example of LPP signaling, such as LPP auxiliary data provision.

[0264] In the positioning process disclosed in Embodiment 2, LPP signaling may be sent and received between the relay and the LMF. For example, in the case where the UE sends an SRS and the base station receives an SRS, LPP signaling may be sent and received between the relay and the LMF. As an example of an action sequence, Fig.19 Step ST3122 shown in FIG. 1 is replaced with an example of LPP signaling, such as an LPP assistance data request, or the example of Fig.19 Step ST3125 shown in FIG. 1 is replaced by an example of LPP signaling, such as LPP auxiliary data provision.

[0265] As another example, when the UE sends SRS and the relay receives SRS, LPP signaling can be sent and received between the relay and the LMF. Fig. 20 3235 is replaced with an example of LPP signaling, such as an LPP location information request or an LPP assistance data request, or the step ST3235 shown in FIG. Fig. 20 Step ST3241 shown in FIG. 1 is replaced with an example of LPP signaling, such as LPP position information provision or LPP assistance data provision.

[0266] According to this modification example 1, the amount of positioning signaling processing in the base station can be reduced. In addition, the complexity in the protocol stack design of the repeater can be avoided.

[0267] In the present disclosure, the term "intelligent repeater" is used, but unless otherwise specified, it may be a reflector or a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). Thus, for example, power consumption in the communication system can be reduced and the coverage of the base station can be expanded.

[0268] In the present disclosure, it is recorded as gNB or cell, but unless otherwise specified, it can be either gNB or cell.

[0269] The above-mentioned embodiments and their modifications are merely examples, and the embodiments and their modifications can be freely combined. In addition, arbitrary structural elements of the embodiments and their modifications can be appropriately changed or omitted.

[0270] For example, in each of the above embodiments and their variations, a subframe is an example of a time unit for communication in a fifth generation communication system. A subframe may be a scheduling unit. In each of the above embodiments and their variations, processing recorded in subframe units may be performed in TTI units, time slot units, sub-time slot units, and micro-time slot units.

[0271] For example, the methods disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiments and their variations are not limited to V2X (Vehicle-to-everything) services, but can also be applied to services using SL communication. For example, they can be applied to SL communication used in various services such as proximity-based services, public safety, communication between wearable terminals, and communication between devices in factories. Description of symbols

[0272] 202 communication terminal device (mobile terminal), 210 communication system, 213, 240-1, 240-2, 750, 801 base station device (NR base station, base station), 214 5G core unit, 215 central unit, 216 distributed unit, 217 central unit for control layer, 218 central unit for user layer, 219 TRP, 301, 403 protocol processing unit, 302 application unit, 304, 405 encoding unit, 305, 406 modulation unit, 306, 407 frequency conversion unit, 307-1 to 307-4, 408-1 to 408-4 antennas, 308, 409 demodulation unit, 309, 410 decoding unit, 310, 411, 526 control unit, 401 EPC communication unit, 402 other base station communication units, 412 5GC communication unit, 521 data network communication unit, 522 base station communication unit, 523 user plane communication unit, 523-1 PDU processing unit, 523-2 mobile anchoring unit, 525 control plane control unit, 525-1 NAS security unit, 525-2 idle state mobile management unit, 527 session management unit, 527-1 PDU session control unit, 527-2 UE IP address allocation unit, 751-1~751-8 beams, 752 cell, 803 coverage range, 805, 806, 811, 812, 905, 906 UE, 807, 808 UL / DL communication, 810, 814 SL communication, 901 IAB host CU, 902 IAB host DU, 903, 904 IAB node.

Claims

1. A communication system, characterized in that: include: A core network side device, wherein the core network side device is equipped with a location management function of a fifth generation wireless access system; A base station, which is applied to the fifth generation wireless access system; as well as a repeater, the repeater performing relay processing between the base station and the communication terminal, The repeater notifies the core network side device of at least one of information related to the transmission delay between the base station in connection and the repeater, information related to the location of the repeater, and information related to the processing delay in the repeater. The communication terminal measures the positioning signal sent by the repeater and notifies the core network side device of the measurement result of the positioning signal. The core network side device calculates the position of the communication terminal based on the information notified from the relay and the measurement result notified from the communication terminal.

2. A communication system, characterized in that: include: A core network side device, wherein the core network side device is equipped with a location management function of a fifth generation wireless access system; A base station, which is applied to the fifth generation wireless access system; as well as a repeater, the repeater performing relay processing between the base station and the communication terminal, The repeater notifies the core network side device of at least one of information related to the transmission delay between the base station in connection and the repeater, information related to the position of the repeater, and information related to the processing delay in the repeater, and the repeater measures the positioning signal sent by the communication terminal and notifies the core network side device of the measurement result of the positioning signal, The core network side device calculates the position of the communication terminal based on the information notified from the relay and the measurement result.

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