Prevention and treatment method for yellow disease of Korla bergamot pears

Abstract

The method is characterized in that in the early March to the early April in the Korla region of Xinjiang, a certain amount of ferric citrate aqueous solution is instilled into the trunk of a Korla pear plant suffering from yellows in the last year by adopting an instillation method, and the dilution ratio of ferric citrate is 0.04 wt%-0.06 wt%. Through agent screening and application method screening, it is believed that the correction effect of the current ferric citrate instillation method on the yellows is obviously superior to that of the traditional soil application and ferrous sulfate spraying methods. Compared with the prior art, after the ferric citrate is applied, the green recovery speed is higher than that of a special medicament 'Ligutai' for etiolation in the market.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forestry, and in particular to a method for preventing and controlling Korla fragrant pear chlorosis (also known as leaf iron deficiency chlorosis). Background Art

[0002] Korla pear (hereinafter referred to as pear) is a specialty fruit variety in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and a national geographical indication product in my country. It is known as the "treasure of pears" and the "prince of fruits" for its pleasing color, sweet and smooth taste, rich aroma, thin skin and fine flesh, crisp and refreshing, juicy and less residue, breaking as soon as it hits the ground, melting in the mouth, long-term storage, and rich nutrition. Korla pear is mainly produced in the oasis areas of the Tarim Basin in southern Xinjiang (Korla City, Luntai County, Yuli County in Bayinguoleng Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture and Aksu City, Awati County, Kuche County in Aksu Prefecture). The soil in this area is calcareous desert soil. Under the interaction of multiple soil factors, pear leaves often lose green and turn yellow (commonly known as yellowing disease) on calcareous soil. High soil pH (average 8.49) and low effective iron content (average 12.2 mg / kg) are the two major factors that induce iron deficiency and chlorosis of pear leaves.

[0003] The growth of new shoots, single fruit weight, chlorophyll content in the peel, soluble solids and titratable acid content of yellowing fragrant pear plants are significantly lower than those of normal plants. The negative impact of leaf yellowing on the plant is comprehensive and serious. The scientific prevention and control of yellowing disease is of far-reaching significance to the commercial cultivation of fragrant pear.

[0004] The chlorosis symptoms appear throughout the entire growing season, especially in late May and early June, when the vegetative and reproductive growth peaks and the competition for nutrients is fierce, and the chlorosis symptoms are particularly severe. There are many kinds of correction technologies for iron deficiency chlorosis of pear so far, most of which are concentrated on ferrous sulfate soil fertilization, that is, applying inorganic iron fertilizer ferrous sulfate to the soil and increasing the application of organic fertilizer to promote iron absorption, etc. Although the above method can alleviate the chlorosis symptoms to a certain extent, it is greatly affected by the soil pH and has a slow effect. In addition, the application of inorganic iron fertilizer in the rhizosphere soil is easily oxidized in the high-calcium alkaline soil environment, and the foliar fertilization does not last long.

[0005] To this end, China's authorized patent CN103553725B discloses a foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating iron deficiency chlorosis of pear trees, wherein the foliar fertilizer is a citric acid-disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer solution containing the following mass fractions of components: 0.8-1% ferrous sulfate, 0.2-0.3% magnesium sulfate, 0.1-0.2% zinc sulfate, and 0.1-0.2% manganese sulfate. The invention has the following advantages: 1) It is easy to apply and spray directly on the leaves, which is easy to operate and easy to promote; 2) It can make the leaves turn green, with quick and obvious effects, greatly alleviating the yellowing symptoms of pear trees; 3) It improves growth conditions, is easy for the tree to absorb, and has the effect of promoting nutritional balance and enhancing tree vigor. However, the main component of the authorized invention is ferrous sulfate, and spot-like regreening often occurs after foliar spraying, and the effect is obvious after drip application. Therefore, in the production practice link, there is still room for further improvement in the research and development of effective prevention and control methods for Korla fragrant pear chlorosis. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the existing inorganic iron fertilizer application technology, the present invention provides a method for preventing and controlling the chlorosis of Korla fragrant pear. Based on a full summary of predecessors' experience and combined with creative research, the present invention further optimizes and improves the method for preventing and controlling the chlorosis of Korla fragrant pear.

[0007] The invention relates to a method for preventing and controlling Korla fragrant pear chlorosis (leaf iron deficiency chlorosis), which is characterized by: dripping a ferric citrate aqueous solution in Korla area of ​​Xinjiang from early March to early April by using a dripping method, wherein the dilution multiple of the ferric citrate is 0.04wt%-0.06wt%.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drip holes are 30-50 cm from the ground, the downward angle of the holes is determined by the number of holes drilled (the horizontal angle for drilling 4 holes is 90°, the horizontal angle for drilling 3 holes is 120°, and the horizontal angle for drilling 6 holes is 60°), and the depth of the holes is based on reaching the wood.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of holes is as follows:

[0010] Diameter at breast height of tree (cm) 5-7 7-10 10-15 15-20 ﹥20 Number of holes punched 1 2 3 4 ﹥6

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the amount of infusion is as follows:

[0012]

[0013] Note: The volume of each bag is 1000ml.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dilution water used in the ferric citrate aqueous solution is purified water or soft water.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ferric citrate is dissolved in hot water and then packaged and diluted in the field.

[0016] The present invention screens the agents and application methods and believes that the current drip method is significantly better than soil application and spraying of ferrous sulfate, and the onset speed of ferric citrate is significantly better than Guangtai, a common chlorosis correction agent on the market. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 :The control effect of ferric citrate on Korla pear yellowing disease. 1. Cross section of leaves after treatment 2. Cross section of leaves without treatment 3. Treatment effect of ferric citrate (left), right is water control; 4. The center stem regreened after dripping, and the leaves on the three main branches without injection were still yellow. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation methods, technical solutions, features and effects of the present invention application are described in detail below with preferred embodiments. The specific features, structures, or characteristics of the multiple embodiments in the following description can be combined in any suitable form.

[0019] Embodiment 1:

[0020] 1. The time for prevention and control of chlorosis: In Korla area, it is from early March to early April, and the best period for prevention and control is in mid-to-late March.

[0021] 2. Chemicals for the prevention and treatment of chlorosis:

[0022] Dilute the ferric citrate crystals with water. The dilution water should be purified water or soft water.

[0023] Note: It dissolves slowly in water and is easily soluble in hot water, so dissolve it in hot water and then divide it into portions, and then dilute it in the field.

[0024] Table 1 “Ferric Citrate” Nutrient Solution Infusion

[0025] Technical material mass (g) Dilution volume (ml) Dilution concentration (%) Remark 2 5000 0.04 Generally yellowing 3 5000 0.06 When severe yellowing

[0026] 3. Methods for prevention and treatment of chlorosis: drip method

[0027] Electric drilling method: drill holes in the trunk 30-50cm from the ground (4-5mm drill bit, 4-5cm deep). The downward angle of the hole depends on the number of holes drilled (the horizontal angle of drilling 2 and 4 holes is 90°, the horizontal angle of drilling 3 holes is 120°, and the horizontal angle of drilling 6 holes is 60°). Insert the hanging needle; the depth of the hole is based on the depth of the wood. Drilling location: root neck.

[0028] Drilling angle: The horizontal angle for drilling 2 holes and 4 holes is 90°, the horizontal angle for drilling 3 holes is 120°, and the horizontal angle for drilling 6 holes is 60°.

[0029] Vertical distance between holes: The vertical distance between 2 or 3 holes is 5 cm. When drilling 4 or more holes, the holes can be drilled on the same horizontal plane.

[0030] Table 2 Punch number control

[0031] Diameter at breast height of tree (cm) 5-7 7-10 10-15 15-20 ﹥20 Number of holes punched 1 2 3 4 ﹥6

[0032] Table 3 Infusion volume control

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] Note: The volume of each nutrient bag is 1000ml.

[0036] 4. Prevention and treatment effect

[0037] The control effect of the present invention is as follows Figure 1 As shown in Table 4, dripping ferric citrate on the yellowing trees produced results in the same year: leaf thickness increased, the leaves became significantly greener than the water control, and photosynthetic performance was significantly improved, laying the foundation for high and stable yields, increasing the yield per unit area by 20%, and the weight of each fruit increased from an average of 98g to 125g.

[0038] Through the screening of agents and application methods, the current dripping of ferric citrate is significantly better than soil application and spraying of ferrous sulfate. Soil application of ferrous sulfate is not ideal in Xinjiang's alkaline soil, spraying often causes spotty regreening, and dripping of ferrous sulfate causes great damage to the tree. The effect of ferric citrate is also significantly better than Guangtai, a common iron deficiency chlorosis correction agent on the market. The main advantage is that it takes effect faster than Guangtai (drip in the same year, effective in the same year), and Guangtai's regreening effect is mainly seen in the following year.

[0039] Table 4 Differences in anatomical structure between normal leaves and yellowed leaves

[0040] Blade Type Total thickness(um) Palisade tissue (um) Spongy tissue (um) Normal leaves 173.076±11.49 76.249±10.77 61.168±12.96 Yellow leaves 171.309±13.02 73.878±8.86 56.111±9.56

[0041] The above disclosure is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the above claims.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and treating Korla fragrant pear chlorosis, characterized in that: From early March to early April in Korla, Xinjiang, an aqueous solution of ferric citrate was dripped into the trunks of diseased Korla fragrant pear plants using the drip method, with the dilution ratio of ferric citrate being 0.04wt% to 0.06wt%.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the holes for dripping are 30-50 cm from the ground, the downward angle of the holes is determined by the number of holes drilled, and the depth of the holes is determined by reaching the wood of the trunk.

3. According to the method of claim 2, the number of holes punched is as follows: The horizontal angle for drilling 4 holes is 90°, the horizontal angle for drilling 3 holes is 120°, and the horizontal angle for drilling 6 holes is 60°.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the infusion volume is as follows: The volume of each bag is 1000ml.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the dilution water used in the ferric citrate aqueous solution is purified water or soft water.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the ferric citrate is dissolved in hot water and then packaged and diluted in the field.

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