Method for preventing and treating grape white rot

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preventing and treating grape white rot, which is characterized in that a thiamine solution is uniformly sprayed on grape leaf surfaces, so that the disease resistance of grapes can be enhanced, the grapes can be induced to generate defense, including enhancing the activity of phenylalanine ammonialyase and peroxidase, and increasing the content of hydrogen peroxide, lignin, total phenols, flavonoids, salicylic acid and jasmonic acid in leaves; therefore, the grape white rot can be well prevented and treated. According to the method, the grape plants are subjected to thiamine solution pretreatment by utilizing a specific system defense mechanism of the plants, so that the grape plants can be induced to generate defense, and the method has an important application value in the aspects of grape disease prevention and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grape planting, in particular to a method for preventing and controlling grape white rot. Background Art

[0002] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to increase some understanding of the overall background of the invention, and should not be necessarily regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to ordinary technicians in this field.

[0003] Grapes are plants of the genus Vitis in the family Vitaceae. They are one of the four major fruit trees in the world and one of the fruits with the largest planting area and output in my country. Red grapes, also known as red globes and late reds, have the characteristics of bright color, hard and crisp flesh, no threshing, storage resistance, and long shelf life. They are high-quality and efficient varieties for the development of grape cultivation. However, red grapes are Eurasian varieties with poor disease resistance and are not resistant to a variety of diseases, which affects grape yield and quality and causes huge losses to the grape industry. Among them, white rot is the disease that causes the most losses and the greatest harm among red grape diseases.

[0004] White rot, also known as rot, mainly harms grape bunches, but can also harm new shoots and leaves. It is one of the important diseases in grape-growing areas worldwide. The disease causes a 20% to 30% reduction in grape production each year, resulting in 30% to 50% economic losses, which has seriously restricted the development of the grape industry.

[0005] At present, the prevention and control of grape white rot mainly adopts chemical control methods, but long-term use will cause many problems such as environmental pollution and pathogen resistance. In addition, as people gradually pay more attention to food safety, the demand for pollution-free food is also growing. It is of great significance to carry out safe and green prevention and control of red grape white rot. In the search for safe and effective prevention and control measures, plant immune induction technology has its unique advantages. Plant immune induction technology is applied before the plant becomes ill to induce the plant itself to produce resistance, so as to reduce the occurrence of plant diseases, and realize the technical transformation from disease treatment to disease prevention. This can reduce the use of chemical pesticides and has almost no adverse effects on the environment. Therefore, the research, development and application of plant immune inducers are of great significance. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing and controlling grape white rot. The method is simple and easy to operate, can effectively induce grapes to produce defenses, prevent grape white rot, and can carry out targeted prevention and control of grape white rot.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect of the present invention, a method for preventing and controlling grape white rot is provided, the method comprising the following steps: Spray the grape leaves with thiamine solution.

[0008] In one or some embodiments of the present invention, the amount of thiamine solution sprayed on each grape plant is such that the solution is evenly distributed on the leaves without flowing, thereby inducing the grapes to produce defense, enhancing the disease resistance of the grapes, and reducing the occurrence of grape white rot.

[0009] In one or some embodiments of the present invention, the concentration of the thiamine solution is 10-40 mM / L.

[0010] Preferably, the concentration of the thiamine solution is 20 mM / L.

[0011] In one or some embodiments of the present invention, after the grape seedlings have grown for 30 to 45 days, the thiamine solution is sprayed on the grape leaves.

[0012] In one or some embodiments of the present invention, the thiamine solution stimulates the natural defense of grapes, enhances the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase and peroxidase in grape leaves, increases the content of hydrogen peroxide, lignin, total phenols, flavonoids, salicylic acid and jasmonic acid, and enhances the disease resistance of grapes.

[0013] In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for increasing phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity and / or peroxidase activity and / or hydrogen peroxide content and / or lignin content and / or total phenol content and / or flavonoid content and / or salicylic acid content and / or jasmonic acid content in grape leaves is provided, the method comprising the following steps: Spray the grape leaves with thiamine solution.

[0014] In one or some embodiments of the present invention, the amount of thiamine solution sprayed on each grape plant is preferably such that the solution is evenly distributed on the leaves without flowing.

[0015] In one or some embodiments of the present invention, the concentration of the thiamine solution is 10-40 mM / L.

[0016] Preferably, the concentration of the thiamine solution is 20 mM / L.

[0017] Compared with the related art known to the inventor, one of the technical solutions of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention first finds thiamine that may prevent and treat grape white rot, and by comprehensively considering the effect and cost of thiamine on the occurrence of grape white rot, screens out 20mM / L thiamine with good antibacterial effect and can be used for grape white rot prevention and treatment, and sprays thiamine to prevent and treat grape white rot. The prevention and treatment method is simple to operate, has good prevention and treatment effect, and is natural and pollution-free. Experiments show that 20mM / L thiamine solution can induce grapes to produce defense, including enhancing the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase and peroxidase in grape leaves, and increasing the content of hydrogen peroxide, lignin, total phenols, flavonoids, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid in the leaves, thereby enhancing grape disease resistance and reducing the occurrence of grape white rot. Therefore, the present invention induces the plant itself to produce resistance, prevents and treats grape white rot, and is of great significance to the safe production of grapes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1 The invention discloses an effect of thiamine on the disease index of grape white rot.

[0020] Figure 2 The invention discloses an effect of thiamine on the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase in grape leaves.

[0021] Figure 3 The invention discloses an effect of thiamine on the peroxidase activity of grape leaves.

[0022] Figure 4 The invention discloses an effect of thiamine on the hydrogen peroxide content in grape leaves.

[0023] Figure 5 The invention discloses an effect of thiamine on the lignin content of grape leaves.

[0024] Figure 6 The invention discloses an effect of thiamine on the total phenol content of grape leaves.

[0025] Figure 7 The invention discloses an effect of thiamine on the content of flavonoids in grape leaves.

[0026] Figure 8 The invention discloses an effect of thiamine on the salicylic acid content in grape leaves.

[0027] Fig. 9 The invention discloses an effect of thiamine on the jasmonic acid content in grape leaves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations and / or combinations thereof.

[0030] In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0031] Example 1: Effect of Thiamine on the Control of Grape White Rot Step 1: Thiamine pretreatment Grape (red grape) seedlings were planted in pots (diameter = 20 cm), one seedling per pot, and cultivated in a greenhouse (25 ± 3 ℃); after the seedlings grew for 45 days, thiamine solutions with concentrations of 5mM / L, 10mM / L, 20mM / L, and 40mM / L were prepared with sterile distilled water, and the grape seedlings were evenly sprayed with thiamine solutions of different concentrations as thiamine treatment. The amount of thiamine solution sprayed on each grape was such that each leaf was evenly covered with the solution and no flow (about 50 ml), and the spraying of distilled water was used as the control treatment (CK). Each treatment consisted of six plants.

[0032] Step 2: Inoculate with white rot pathogen Pick the preserved grape white rot fungus strain and streak it on the PDA medium plate, culture it at 28℃, add 5ml sterile water after spores are produced, gently scrape the spores on the agar surface, and count them under a microscope. After the number of spores is determined, add sterile saline to prepare a concentration of 5x10 6 spores / ml suspension.

[0033] Three days after the treatment in Example 1, the grape leaves were inoculated with a spore suspension of the white rot pathogen by spraying inoculation without injury, and the amount used was such that the spore suspension was evenly distributed on each leaf without flowing (about 50 ml).

[0034] Step 3: Investigate and Calculate the Disease Index After the plants were cultured at 25°C with alternating light and dark for 10 days, the disease survey was conducted and the incidence was counted. The disease was graded according to the percentage of the lesion area to the entire leaf area (Ar%): grade 0: no symptoms; grade 1: 0<Ar≤5.0; grade 3: 5.0<Ar≤25.0; grade 5: 25.0<Ar≤50.0; grade 7: 50.0<Ar≤75.0; grade 9: 75.0<Ar≤100.0. The disease index was calculated.

[0035] Disease index = [∑(number of diseased leaves at each level × relative level value) / total number of leaves surveyed × highest level value] × 100 The results show that, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, compared with the control (CK), 5mM / L thiamine had no obvious control effect on grape white rot, 10mM / L, 20mM / L, and 40mM / L thiamine solutions could significantly reduce the disease index of grape white rot, among which 20mM / L and 40mM / L thiamine had significantly improved control effects on grape white rot compared with 10mM / L thiamine, and there was no significant difference in control effects between 40mM / L thiamine and 20mM / L thiamine on grape white rot.

[0036] Example 2: Effect of Thiamine on Phenylalanine Ammonia-lyase Activity in Grape Leaves Experimental group: Grape (red grape) seedlings were planted in pots (diameter = 20 cm), one seedling per pot, and cultivated in a greenhouse (25 ± 3 ℃); after the seedlings grew for 45 days, the grape seedlings were evenly sprayed with a 20mM / L thiamine solution prepared with sterile distilled water as thiamine treatment (LAS). The amount of thiamine solution sprayed on each grape was such that each leaf was evenly covered with the solution and no flow was observed (about 50 ml). The experimental group was treated with six plants.

[0037] Control group: Grape (red grape) seedlings were planted in pots (diameter = 20cm), one seedling per pot, and cultivated in a greenhouse (25±3℃); after the seedlings grew for 45 days, the grape seedlings were sprayed evenly with sterile distilled water as a control treatment (CK), and the amount of sterile distilled water sprayed on each grape was such that the liquid was evenly distributed on each leaf and did not flow (about 50ml). The control group was treated with six plants.

[0038] After 3 days, the same part of the grape leaves treated with different treatments was sampled with sterilized scissors. The harvested leaves were quickly frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80°C. The ELISA test kit was used to detect the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase in grape leaves. The results showed that compared with the control (CK), thiamine solution treatment (LAS) could enhance the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase in grape leaves. Figure 2 shown.

[0039] Example 3: Effect of Thiamine on Peroxidase Activity in Grape Leaves The same technical features as those of Example 2 are not described in detail. The different technical features of Example 3 are as follows: the peroxidase activity of grape leaves was detected by using an ELISA detection kit. The results showed that compared with the control (CK), the thiamine solution treatment (LAS) could enhance the peroxidase activity of grape leaves. Figure 3 shown.

[0040] Example 4: Effect of Thiamine on Hydrogen Peroxide Content in Grape Leaves The same technical features as those of Example 2 are not described in detail. The different technical features of Example 4 are as follows: the hydrogen peroxide content of grape leaves is detected by using an ELISA detection kit. The results show that compared with the control (CK), the thiamine solution treatment (LAS) can increase the hydrogen peroxide content of grape leaves. Figure 4 shown.

[0041] Example 5: Effect of Thiamine on Lignin Content in Grape Leaves The same technical features as those of Example 2 are not described in detail. The different technical features of Example 5 are as follows: the lignin content of grape leaves is detected by using an ELISA detection kit. The results show that compared with the control (CK), the thiamine solution treatment (LAS) can increase the lignin content of grape leaves. Figure 5 shown.

[0042] Example 6: Effect of Thiamine on Total Phenolic Content in Grape Leaves The same technical features as those of Example 2 are not described in detail. The different technical features of Example 6 are as follows: the total phenol content of grape leaves is detected by using an ELISA detection kit. The results show that compared with the control (CK), the thiamine solution treatment (LAS) can increase the total phenol content of grape leaves. Figure 6 shown.

[0043] Example 7: Effect of Thiamine on Flavonoid Content in Grape Leaves The same technical features as those of Example 2 are not described in detail. The different technical features of Example 7 are as follows: the flavonoid content of grape leaves is detected by using an ELISA detection kit. The results show that compared with the control (CK), the thiamine solution treatment (LAS) can increase the flavonoid content of grape leaves. Figure 7 shown.

[0044] Example 8: Effect of Thiamine on Salicylic Acid Content in Grape Leaves The same technical features as those of Example 2 are not described in detail. The different technical features of Example 8 are as follows: the ELISA test kit method is used to detect the salicylic acid content in grape leaves. The results show that compared with the control (CK), the thiamine solution treatment (LAS) can increase the salicylic acid content in grape leaves. Figure 8 shown.

[0045] Example 9: Effect of Thiamine on Jasmonic Acid Content in Grape Leaves The same technical features as those of Example 2 are not described in detail. The different technical features of Example 9 are as follows: the ELISA test kit method is used to detect the jasmonic acid content in grape leaves. The results show that compared with the control (CK), the thiamine solution treatment (LAS) can increase the jasmonic acid content in grape leaves. Fig. 9 shown.

[0046] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and controlling grape white rot, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: after the grape seedlings grow for 30 to 45 days, spraying a thiamine solution on the grape leaf surface; the concentration of the thiamine solution is 10 to 40 mM / L.

2. The method for preventing and controlling grape white rot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of thiamine solution sprayed on each grape plant should be such that the solution is evenly distributed on the leaves without flowing, so as to induce the grapes to produce defense, enhance the disease resistance of the grapes, and reduce the occurrence of grape white rot.

3. The method for preventing and controlling grape white rot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of the thiamine solution is 20 mM / L.

4. A method for increasing phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity and / or peroxidase activity and / or hydrogen peroxide content and / or lignin content and / or total phenol content and / or flavonoid content and / or salicylic acid content and / or jasmonic acid content in grape leaves, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: After the grape seedlings grow for 30 to 45 days, the thiamine solution is sprayed on the grape leaves; the concentration of the thiamine solution is 10 to 40 mM / L.

5. The method for increasing phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity and / or peroxidase activity and / or hydrogen peroxide content and / or lignin content and / or total phenol content and / or flavonoid content and / or salicylic acid content and / or jasmonic acid content in grape leaves as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The amount of thiamine solution sprayed on each grape plant should be such that the solution is evenly distributed on the leaves without flowing.

6. The method for increasing phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity and / or peroxidase activity and / or hydrogen peroxide content and / or lignin content and / or total phenol content and / or flavonoid content and / or salicylic acid content and / or jasmonic acid content in grape leaves as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The concentration of the thiamine solution is 20 mM / L.

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