Perovskite film coating equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses perovskite film coating equipment, and belongs to the technical field of photoelectric component coating. The perovskite film coating equipment comprises a liquid supply part and sprayers, and further comprises a mounting block provided with a plurality of cake-shaped sliding cavities, a plurality of feeding ports and a plurality of discharging ports, each sliding cavity is communicated with one feeding port and one discharging port, and each discharging port is communicated with one sprayer; each mixing mechanism comprises a first sliding block and a piston, each first sliding block is in a round cake shape, each first sliding block is rotationally connected into one sliding cavity around the axis of the first sliding block, and a sliding hole is formed in each first sliding block in the radial direction of the first sliding block; under the driving of the crankshaft, the piston reciprocates in the sliding hole in the length direction of the sliding hole, so that when the piston moves towards the outside of the sliding hole, the sliding hole is communicated with the feeding port, and when the piston moves towards the inside of the sliding hole, the sliding hole is communicated with the discharging port. According to the perovskite film coating equipment, the perovskite solution can be more uniformly attached to the surface of the substrate, and the film forming uniformity of the perovskite solution on the substrate is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optoelectronic component coating, and in particular to a perovskite coating device. Background Art

[0002] Perovskite materials have shown great application potential in the fields of solar cells and light-emitting diodes due to their excellent optoelectronic properties. Perovskite solutions are hydrophilic and difficult to completely infiltrate the lipophilic electron / hole transport layer on the surface of the substrate made of optoelectronic materials, resulting in uneven thickness of the perovskite film after the electron / hole transport layer is formed on the surface. After the perovskite solution is applied, many shrinkages are easily generated, affecting the optoelectronic properties of the perovskite material layer. By mixing a lipophilic surfactant in the perovskite solution, the two are mixed evenly and then sprayed on the surface of the substrate together, the surface of the substrate can be completely infiltrated by the perovskite solution, ensuring the uniformity of the thickness of the perovskite film after film formation. As a key tool for preparing high-quality perovskite films, the performance of perovskite coating equipment directly affects the efficiency, stability and repeatability of perovskite devices.

[0003] The core components of the existing slit coating equipment include a coating head and a liquid supply system. The liquid supply system is connected to the coating head and is used to supply a mixed liquid of a perovskite solution and a surfactant to the coating head. The coating head has a slit. The perovskite solution is squeezed through the slit on the coating head under pressure and evenly coated on the substrate. The solvent is then removed by drying to form a perovskite film.

[0004] When the substrate of the existing perovskite coating equipment is sprayed, the mixed liquid of the perovskite solution and the surfactant is transmitted to the coating head through the liquid supply system. Due to the certain incompatibility between the hydrophilic perovskite solution and the lipophilic surfactant, the perovskite solution and the surfactant transported into the coating head are prone to stratification during the transportation process. When this scheme is sprayed on a large-area substrate such as a large photovoltaic panel, the flow rate of the mixed solution sprayed per unit time is large and the stratification of the mixed liquid is not serious, so the problem is not prominent. However, when spraying on a small-area substrate such as a photoelectric sensor, the flow rate of the mixed solution sprayed per unit time is small, and the mixed liquid in the liquid supply system is stationary for a long time, and the stratification of the mixed liquid is more serious. At this time, the uniformity of the perovskite solution and the surfactant in the mixed liquid sprayed from the coating head on the substrate will deteriorate, resulting in poor uniformity of the perovskite solution after film formation on the substrate, so that the photoelectric performance of the finally formed perovskite film is not high. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a perovskite coating device that can make the perovskite solution adhere to the surface of the substrate more evenly when perovskite coating is performed on a small area substrate, thereby improving the uniformity of the film formed by the perovskite solution on the substrate.

[0006] The present invention provides a perovskite coating device, comprising a liquid supply part and a sprayer, wherein the liquid supply part is used to supply a mixed liquid of a perovskite solution and a surfactant, and the sprayer is used to spray an aerosol formed by the mixed liquid onto a substrate, and further comprising:

[0007] The mounting block is provided with a plurality of circular pancake-shaped sliding cavities, a plurality of feed ports and a plurality of discharge ports, each sliding cavity is connected with a feed port and a discharge port, the feed port is connected with the liquid supply part, and each discharge port is connected with a sprayer;

[0008] A plurality of mixing mechanisms are arranged in different sliding cavities, the mixing mechanisms comprising a first slider and a piston, the first sliders are all in the shape of a round cake, each first slider rotates around its own axis and is connected to a sliding cavity, the first slider is provided with a sliding hole along its radial direction, and the piston is slidably connected to the sliding hole;

[0009] The crankshaft has an axial direction parallel to the axial direction of the first slider, and the piston is connected to the crankshaft. Driven by the crankshaft, the piston reciprocates in the sliding hole, and the piston drives the first slider to reciprocate in the sliding cavity, so that when the piston moves out of the sliding hole, the sliding hole is connected to the feed port, and when the piston moves into the sliding hole, the sliding hole is connected to the discharge port.

[0010] Preferably, a first cylinder body is also provided, one end of which is connected to the feed port, and the other end of the first cylinder body is connected to the liquid supply part. The inner cavity of the first cylinder body is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, and the axial direction of the rotating shaft is parallel to the axial direction of the first cylinder body. A stirring paddle is provided on the rotating shaft, and the stirring paddle is used to stir the mixed liquid. When the mixed liquid passes through the inner cavity of the first cylinder body, the mixed liquid drives the stirring paddle to rotate.

[0011] Preferably, a blocking ring is provided outside the stirring paddle, and the blocking ring is in contact with the inner wall of the first cylinder body. The side wall of the first cylinder body is provided with a plurality of air holes, one end of each air hole can be connected with the inner cavity of the first cylinder body, and the other end of each air hole is connected with the outside world. The blocking ring is used to seal the air holes. When the mixed liquid passes through the inner cavity of the first cylinder body and enters the feed port, the blocking ring releases the blockage of the air holes.

[0012] Preferably, the stirring paddle is slidably connected to the rotating shaft, and a first spring is provided outside the rotating shaft, the first spring abuts against the stirring paddle, and the first spring is used to apply an elastic force toward the feed port to the stirring paddle. Under the action of the elastic force of the first spring, the stirring paddle drives the blocking ring to block the vent, and when the mixed liquid passes through the inner cavity of the first cylinder body and enters the feed port, the thrust applied by the mixed liquid to the stirring paddle pushes the stirring paddle to move toward one end close to the feed port, so that the blocking ring releases the blockage of the vent.

[0013] Preferably, the discharge port is connected to a second cylinder body, the sprayer is connected to the mounting block through the second cylinder body, a limit stop ring is provided on the inner wall of the inner cavity of the second cylinder body, the limit stop ring divides the inner cavity of the second cylinder body into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the upper cavity is connected to the discharge port, and the lower cavity is connected to the sprayer, a pressure valve is provided in the limit stop ring, and the pressure valve is used to control the connection between the upper cavity and the lower cavity when the liquid pressure in the upper cavity reaches a certain value.

[0014] Preferably, the pressure valve includes a sliding rod and a piston head, the sliding rod is slidably connected in a limit stop ring, the piston head is slidably connected in the upper cavity, a second spring is provided outside the sliding rod, the second spring abuts against the piston head, the second spring is used to apply an elastic force to the piston head toward the side of the discharge port, a material through hole is provided on the side wall of the sliding rod, the material through hole is connected with the upper cavity, under the action of the elastic force of the second spring, the material through hole is blocked by the inner wall of the limit stop ring, when the mixed liquid is passed into the upper cavity, the hydraulic pressure of the liquid continues to increase, and the hydraulic pressure drives the piston head and the sliding rod to move away from the discharge port, so that the second spring is compressed by the piston head until the material through hole is connected with the lower cavity.

[0015] Preferably, a wind knife is provided at the front end of the sprayer, and the wind knife is connected to a high-pressure air pump, and the wind knife is used to blow air to the surface to be sprayed on the substrate.

[0016] Preferably, a bracket is provided on one side of the mounting block, a lifting mechanism is provided on the bracket, the lifting mechanism is connected to the mounting block, and the lifting mechanism is used to adjust the distance between the sprayer and the substrate.

[0017] Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises a threaded sleeve and a lead screw, the lead screw is vertically arranged and rotatably connected to the bracket, the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting block, and the threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the lead screw.

[0018] Preferably, the bracket is provided with a vertical sliding groove, a second sliding block is slidably connected in the sliding groove, and the second sliding block is connected to the mounting block.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a perovskite coating device of the present invention utilizes a crankshaft to drive a piston to slide back and forth in a first slider, and when the piston moves out of a sliding hole, a negative pressure is formed in the sliding hole, and a mixed liquid of a perovskite solution and a surfactant in a liquid supply portion is sucked into the sliding hole under the action of the negative pressure in the sliding hole; and when the piston slides into the sliding hole, the mixed liquid in the sliding hole is pressurized, and after the high-pressure mixed solution enters the sprayer, a mixed liquid mist is formed and sprayed out from the sprayer, thereby spraying on the substrate, and in this process During the process, when the mixed liquid is sucked into the sliding hole under the action of the negative pressure in the sliding hole, the mixed liquid forms a turbulent flow in the sliding hole, so that the perovskite solution and the surfactant in the mixed solution are mixed more fully, and after the mixed liquid in the sliding hole is pressurized and sprayed from the sprayer, the perovskite solution and the surfactant in the mixed liquid sprayed from the sprayer can be more evenly spread on the substrate, so that the perovskite solution can be more evenly attached to the surface of the substrate, thereby improving the uniformity of the film formed by the perovskite solution on the substrate and ensuring the photoelectric performance of the perovskite coating.

[0020] During the process of the sliding hole sucking the mixed solution, the mixed solution in the liquid supply part passes through the inner cavity of the first cylinder body and enters the feed port, which drives the stirring paddle to rotate. The stirring paddle stirs the mixed solution in the inner cavity of the first cylinder body, which can improve the complete mixing of the perovskite solution and the surfactant in the mixed solution, and further improve the uniformity of the perovskite solution and the surfactant spread on the substrate. By setting a plurality of vents, the negative pressure in the sliding hole draws the mixed liquid in the inner cavity of the first cylinder body into the sliding hole, and the air passes through the plurality of vents into the inner cavity of the first cylinder body. The air is fully mixed with the mixed liquid in the first cavity under the stirring of the stirring paddle, so that the mixed liquid is further emulsified, thereby making the mixing of the mixed liquid more uniform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first working state of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second working state of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the AA surface of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the BB surface of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the CC surface of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure valve of the present invention.

[0027] Description of reference numerals:

[0028] 1. Base, 101. Sprayer, 102. Mounting block, 103. Feed inlet, 104. Discharge outlet, 105. First slider, 106. Piston, 107. Slide hole, 108. Crankshaft, 201. First cylinder body, 202. Rotating shaft, 203. Agitator, 301. Blocking ring, 302. Vent hole, 4. First spring, 501. Second cylinder body, 502. Limiting block ring, 503. Upper cavity, 504. Lower cavity, 505. Pressure valve, 601. Slide rod, 602. Piston head, 603. Second spring, 604. Feed hole, 7. Air knife, 801. Lifting mechanism, 802. Bracket, 901. Threaded sleeve, 902. Lead screw, 1001. Slide groove, 1002. Second slider. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is combined with Figure 1-Figure 6 , the specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, a perovskite coating device provided by the present invention includes a liquid supply part and a sprayer 101, wherein the liquid supply part is used to supply a mixed liquid of a perovskite solution and a surfactant, and the sprayer 101 is used to spray an aerosol formed by the mixed liquid onto a substrate 1, and further includes: a mounting block 102, a crankshaft 108 and a plurality of mixing mechanisms, wherein the mounting block 102 is provided with a plurality of round pancake-shaped sliding cavities, a plurality of feed ports 103 and a plurality of discharge ports 104, each sliding cavity is communicated with a feed port 103 and a discharge port 104, the feed port 103 is communicated with the liquid supply part, and each discharge port 104 is communicated with a sprayer 101; a plurality of mixing mechanisms are arranged in different sliding cavities, and the mixing mechanism includes a first slider 105 and a piston 1 06, the first sliders 105 are all in the shape of a round cake, each of the first sliders 105 rotates around its own axis and is connected to a sliding cavity, a sliding hole 107 is provided in the first slider 105 along its radial direction, and the piston 106 is slidably connected in the sliding hole 107; the axial direction of the crankshaft 108 is parallel to the axial direction of the first slider 105, and the piston 106 is connected to the crankshaft 108. Driven by the crankshaft 108, the piston 106 reciprocates in the sliding hole 107, and the piston 106 drives the first slider 105 to reciprocate in the sliding cavity, so that when the piston 106 moves out of the sliding hole 107, the sliding hole 107 is connected to the feed port 103, and when the piston 106 moves into the sliding hole 107, the sliding hole 107 is connected to the discharge port 104.

[0031] The working principle of the above embodiment is briefly described:

[0032] A conveying mechanism is provided below the mounting block 102 of the device, and the conveying mechanism is used to convey the substrate 1. When the device is in use, the substrate 1 to be sprayed is first placed on the conveying mechanism, and then the substrate 1 is conveyed by the conveying mechanism. When the conveying mechanism conveys the substrate 1 to the bottom of the plurality of sprayers 101, the liquid supply portion is opened and the crankshaft 108 is driven to rotate. When the crankshaft 108 rotates, the piston 106 is driven to slide back and forth in the first slider 105, and the piston 106 also drives the first slider 105 to rotate around its own axis. When the piston 106 moves out of the sliding hole 107, a negative pressure is formed in the sliding hole 107. When the first slider 105 rotates until the sliding hole 107 is connected to the feed port 103, as the activity The plug 106 continues to move out of the slide hole 107, and the mixed liquid of the perovskite solution and the surfactant in the liquid supply part is sucked into the slide hole 107 under the action of the negative pressure in the slide hole 107; and when the piston 106 slides into the slide hole 107, the mixed liquid in the slide hole 107 is pressurized. When the first slider 105 rotates until the slide hole 107 is connected to the discharge port 104, the pressurized mixed liquid in the slide hole 107 is pushed into the sprayer 101 from the discharge port 104. After the high-pressure mixed solution enters the sprayer 101, a mixed liquid mist is formed and sprayed out from the sprayer 101, thereby spraying on the substrate 1. After subsequent air-drying, a perovskite coating layer is formed on the surface of the substrate 1. During this process, when the mixed liquid is sucked into the slide hole 107 under the action of the negative pressure in the slide hole 107, the mixed liquid forms a turbulent flow in the slide hole 107, so that the perovskite solution and the surfactant in the mixed solution are mixed more fully, and after the mixed liquid in the slide hole 107 is pressurized and sprayed from the sprayer 101, the perovskite solution and the surfactant in the mixed liquid sprayed from the sprayer 101 can be more evenly distributed on the substrate 1, so that the perovskite solution can be more evenly attached to the surface of the substrate 1, thereby improving the uniformity of the film formation of the perovskite solution on the substrate 1 and ensuring the photoelectric performance of the perovskite coating.

[0033] The perovskite coating equipment of the present invention can make the perovskite solution and surfactant in the mixed liquid sprayed by the sprayer 101 more evenly spread on the substrate 1 when performing perovskite coating on a small area substrate 1, so that the perovskite solution can be more evenly attached to the surface of the substrate 1, thereby improving the uniformity of the film formation of the perovskite solution on the substrate 1 and ensuring the photoelectric performance of the formed perovskite coating.

[0034] On the basis of the above embodiments, in order to further improve the sufficiency of mixing the perovskite solution and the surfactant in the mixed solution, the uniformity of the perovskite solution and the surfactant spread on the substrate 1 is further improved.

[0035] like Figure 1-Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, a first cylinder body 201 is also provided, one end of the first cylinder body 201 is connected to the feed port 103, and the other end of the first cylinder body 201 is connected to the liquid supply part. The inner cavity of the first cylinder body 201 is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft 202, and the axial direction of the rotating shaft 202 is parallel to the axial direction of the first cylinder body 201. A stirring paddle 203 is provided on the rotating shaft 202, and the stirring paddle 203 is used to stir the mixed liquid. When the mixed liquid passes through the inner cavity of the first cylinder body 201, the mixed liquid drives the stirring paddle 203 to rotate.

[0036] During the process of the sliding hole 107 pumping the mixed solution, the mixed solution in the liquid supply part passes through the inner cavity of the first cylinder 201 and then enters the feed port 103. When the mixed liquid flows, it drives the stirring paddle 203 to rotate, and the stirring paddle 203 stirs the mixed solution in the inner cavity of the first cylinder 201, thereby further improving the completeness of the mixing of the perovskite solution and the surfactant in the mixed liquid, thereby further improving the uniformity of the perovskite solution and the surfactant spread on the substrate 1.

[0037] As a preferred solution, Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the agitator paddle 203 is provided with a blocking ring 301 outside, and the blocking ring 301 is in contact with the inner wall of the first cylinder body 201. The side wall of the first cylinder body 201 is provided with a plurality of air holes 302, and one end of each air hole 302 can be connected with the inner cavity of the first cylinder body 201, and the other end of each air hole 302 is connected with the outside world. The blocking ring 301 is used to block the air hole 302. When the mixed liquid passes through the inner cavity of the first cylinder body 201 and enters the feed port 103, the blocking ring 301 releases the blockage of the air hole 302. By providing a plurality of air vents 302, when the mixed liquid passes through the inner cavity of the first cylinder body 201 and enters the feed port 103, the blocking ring 301 releases the blockage of the air vents 302. At this time, due to the negative pressure in the slide hole 107, the negative pressure in the slide hole 107 draws the mixed liquid in the inner cavity of the first cylinder body 201 into the slide hole 107, while air passes through the plurality of air vents 302 and enters the inner cavity of the first cylinder body 201. The air is fully mixed with the mixed liquid in the first cavity under the stirring of the stirring paddle 203, so that the mixed liquid is further emulsified, thereby making the mixing of the mixed liquid more uniform. When the mixed liquid enters the slide hole 107, a part of the air mixed in the mixed liquid is precipitated. When the piston 106 moves into the slide hole 107, the mixed liquid in the slide hole 107 is not compressible, while the air precipitated from the mixed liquid can be compressed. As the air in the slide hole 107 is compressed, the pressure of the mixed liquid in the slide hole 107 can be further increased, thereby making the atomization effect of the sprayer 101 better, so that the uniformity of the dispersed perovskite melt and the surfactant is higher.

[0038] As a preferred solution, Figure 6 As shown, the stirring paddle 203 is slidably connected to the rotating shaft 202, and a first spring 4 is provided outside the rotating shaft 202, and the first spring 4 abuts against the stirring paddle 203. The first spring 4 is used to apply an elastic force to the stirring paddle 203 toward the feed port 103. Under the action of the elastic force of the first spring 4, the stirring paddle 203 drives the blocking ring 301 to block the vent 302. When the mixed liquid passes through the inner cavity of the first cylinder body 201 and enters the feed port 103, the thrust applied by the mixed liquid to the stirring paddle 203 pushes the stirring paddle 203 to move toward one end close to the feed port 103, so that the blocking ring 301 releases the blockage of the vent 302. By setting the first spring 4, when the negative pressure in the slide hole 107 sucks the mixed liquid in the inner cavity of the first cylinder 201, the liquid passes through the inner cavity of the first cylinder 201 and drives the stirring paddle 203 to rotate. At the same time, the thrust applied by the liquid to the stirring paddle 203 pushes the stirring paddle 203 to move toward one end of the feed port 103. The stirring paddle 203 squeezes the first spring 4 until the blocking ring 301 releases the blockage of the vent 302, so that air can pass through the vent 302 into the inner cavity of the first cylinder 201. At this time, since the pressure in the inner cavity of the first cylinder 201 is lower than that outside the first cylinder 201, the mixed liquid in the inner cavity of the first cylinder 201 cannot pass through the vent 302 and flow out of the first cylinder 201. When the piston 106 squeezes the mixed liquid in the sliding hole 107, the mixed liquid in the first cylinder 201 is in a stationary state, and the stirring paddle 203 is reset under the elastic force of the first spring 4. The blocking ring 301 connected to the stirring paddle 203 blocks the multiple air holes 302, which can prevent the mixed liquid in the first cylinder 201 from leaking after passing through the multiple air holes 302.

[0039] As a preferred solution, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4-Figure 6As shown, the discharge port 104 is connected to the second cylinder body 501, and the sprayer 101 is connected to the mounting block 102 through the second cylinder body 501. A limit ring 502 is provided on the inner wall of the inner cavity of the second cylinder body 501. The limit ring 502 divides the inner cavity of the second cylinder body 501 into an upper cavity 503 and a lower cavity 504. The upper cavity 503 is connected to the discharge port 104, and the lower cavity 504 is connected to the sprayer 101. A pressure valve 505 is provided in the limit ring 502. The pressure valve 505 is used to control the connection between the upper cavity 503 and the lower cavity 504 when the liquid pressure in the upper cavity 503 reaches a certain value. When the piston 106 squeezes the mixed liquid in the slide hole 107, the mixed liquid in the slide hole 107 passes through the discharge port 104 and enters the inner cavity of the second cylinder 501, and the mixed liquid first gathers in the upper cavity 503. When the pressure of the mixed liquid in the slide hole 107 reaches the set pressure of the pressure valve 505, the pressure valve 505 opens, and the mixed liquid in the upper cavity 503 passes through the pressure valve 505 and enters the lower cavity 504, and then enters the sprayer 101, so that the pressure of the mixed liquid entering the sprayer 101 is relatively constant, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the distribution of the perovskite solution and the surfactant.

[0040] As a preferred solution, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4-Figure 6As shown, the pressure valve 505 includes a slide rod 601 and a piston head 602, the slide rod 601 is slidably connected to the limit ring 502, the piston head 602 is slidably connected to the upper cavity 503, and a second spring 603 is provided outside the slide rod 601, the second spring 603 abuts against the piston head 602, and the second spring 603 is used to apply an elastic force to the piston head 602 toward the side of the discharge port 104, and the side wall of the slide rod 601 is provided with a material passing Hole 604, the material through hole 604 is connected with the upper cavity 503, and under the action of the elastic force of the second spring 603, the material through hole 604 is blocked by the inner wall of the limit ring 502. When the mixed liquid is introduced into the upper cavity 503, the hydraulic pressure of the liquid continues to increase, and the hydraulic drive piston head 602 and the slide rod 601 move toward the end away from the discharge port 104, so that the second spring 603 is compressed by the piston head 602 until the material through hole 604 is connected with the lower cavity 504. When the piston 106 squeezes the mixed liquid in the slide hole 107 into the upper cavity 503, since the side wall hole 604 of the slide rod 601 is blocked by the inner wall of the limit ring 502, the pressure of the mixed liquid in the upper cavity 503 continues to rise under the obstruction of the piston head 602 and the slide rod 601, and the hydraulic pressure of the mixed liquid drives the piston head 602 to move toward the side of the lower cavity 504, and the piston head 602 drives the slide rod 601 to move toward the side of the lower cavity 504, thereby squeezing the second spring 603 until the hole 604 on the slide rod 601 is connected with the lower cavity 504. At this time, the pressure of the mixed liquid in the upper cavity 503 reaches a predetermined pressure, and the mixed liquid in the upper cavity 503 passes through the hole 604 and enters the lower cavity 504, and then is sprayed out through the sprayer 101. The pressure valve 505 of the device, under the action of the second spring 603 and the piston head 602, can ensure that the pressure of the mixed liquid entering the sprayer 101 stably reaches a predetermined pressure, thereby further ensuring the uniformity of the perovskite solution and the surfactant dispersed on the substrate 1.

[0041] As a preferred solution, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the front end of the sprayer 101 is provided with an air knife 7, and the air knife 7 is connected to a high-pressure air pump, and the air knife 7 is used to blow air to the surface to be sprayed on the substrate 1. By setting the air knife 7, before spraying the perovskite solution and the surfactant on the substrate 1, the air knife 7 is used to blow air to the surface to be sprayed on the substrate 1, and the high-pressure wind can clean the surface to be sprayed on the substrate 1, thereby further improving the uniformity of the perovskite solution adhering to the substrate 1.

[0042] As a preferred solution, Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, a bracket 802 is provided on one side of the mounting block 102, and a lifting mechanism 801 is provided on the bracket 802. The lifting mechanism 801 is connected to the mounting block 102, and the lifting mechanism 801 is used to adjust the distance between the sprayer 101 and the substrate 1. By providing the lifting mechanism 801, the height of the mounting block 102 is adjusted by using the lifting mechanism 801, thereby adjusting the distance between the sprayer 101 and the substrate 1, so that the spreading range of the mixed solution sprayed by the sprayer 101 can be adjusted.

[0043] As a preferred solution, Figure 3 As shown, the lifting mechanism 801 includes a threaded sleeve 901 and a lead screw 902, wherein the lead screw 902 is vertically arranged and rotatably connected to the bracket 802, the threaded sleeve 901 is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting block 102, and the threaded sleeve 901 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 902. When adjusting the height of the sprayer 101, by rotating the lead screw 902, the lead screw 902 rotates relative to the threaded sleeve 901, the lead screw 902 drives the threaded sleeve 901 to move in the vertical direction, and the threaded sleeve 901 drives the mounting block 102 to move in the vertical direction, thereby realizing the precise adjustment of the distance between the sprayer 101 and the base 1.

[0044] As a preferred solution, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the bracket 802 is provided with a vertical slide groove 1001, and a second slider 1002 is slidably connected in the slide groove 1001, and the second slider 1002 is connected to the mounting block 102. By providing the slide groove 1001 and the second slider 1002, when adjusting the distance between the sprayer 101 and the base 1, the slide groove 1001 and the second slider 1002 can guide the movement of the mounting block 102, thereby ensuring the stability of the movement of the mounting block 102, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the adjustment of the distance between the sprayer 101 and the base 1.

[0045] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A perovskite coating device, comprising a liquid supply unit and a sprayer (101), wherein the liquid supply unit is used to supply a mixed liquid of a perovskite solution and a surfactant, and the sprayer (101) is used to spray an aerosol formed by the mixed liquid onto a substrate (1), characterized in that: Also includes: The mounting block (102) is provided with a plurality of circular pancake-shaped sliding cavities, a plurality of feed ports (103) and a plurality of discharge ports (104), each sliding cavity is in communication with a feed port (103) and a discharge port (104), the feed port (103) is in communication with the liquid supply portion, and each discharge port (104) is in communication with a sprayer (101); A plurality of mixing mechanisms are arranged in different sliding cavities, the mixing mechanisms comprising a first slider (105) and a piston (106), the first sliders (105) are all in the shape of a round cake, each first slider (105) is connected to a sliding cavity by rotating around its own axis, a sliding hole (107) is arranged in the first slider (105) along its radial direction, and the piston (106) is slidably connected to the sliding hole (107); The crankshaft (108) is axially parallel to the axial direction of the first slider (105). The piston (106) is connected to the crankshaft (108). Driven by the crankshaft (108), the piston (106) reciprocates in the sliding hole (107). The piston (106) drives the first slider (105) to reciprocate in the sliding cavity, so that when the piston (106) moves out of the sliding hole (107), the sliding hole (107) is connected to the feed port (103), and when the piston (106) moves into the sliding hole (107), the sliding hole (107) is connected to the discharge port (104).

2. The perovskite coating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first cylinder body (201) is also provided, one end of the first cylinder body (201) is connected to the feed port (103), and the other end of the first cylinder body (201) is connected to the liquid supply portion. The inner cavity of the first cylinder body (201) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (202), and the axial direction of the rotating shaft (202) is parallel to the axial direction of the first cylinder body (201). A stirring paddle (203) is provided on the rotating shaft (202), and the stirring paddle (203) is used to stir the mixed liquid. When the mixed liquid passes through the inner cavity of the first cylinder body (201), the mixed liquid drives the stirring paddle (203) to rotate.

3. The perovskite coating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stirring paddle (203) is provided with a blocking ring (301) outside, and the blocking ring (301) is in contact with the inner wall of the first cylinder body (201). The side wall of the first cylinder body (201) is provided with a plurality of vent holes (302), one end of each vent hole (302) can be connected to the inner cavity of the first cylinder body (201), and the other end of each vent hole (302) is connected to the outside. The blocking ring (301) is used to block the vent hole (302). When the mixed liquid passes through the inner cavity of the first cylinder body (201) and enters the feed port (103), the blocking ring (301) releases the blockage of the vent hole (302).

4. The perovskite coating device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stirring paddle (203) is slidably connected to the rotating shaft (202). A first spring (4) is provided outside the rotating shaft (202). The first spring (4) abuts against the stirring paddle (203). The first spring (4) is used to apply an elastic force toward the feed port (103) to the stirring paddle (203). Under the action of the elastic force of the first spring (4), the stirring paddle (203) drives the blocking ring (301) to block the vent (302). When the mixed liquid passes through the inner cavity of the first cylinder (201) and enters the feed port (103), the thrust applied by the mixed liquid to the stirring paddle (203) pushes the stirring paddle (203) to move toward one end close to the feed port (103), so that the blocking ring (301) releases the blockage of the vent (302).

5. The perovskite coating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge port (104) is connected to a second cylinder body (501), and the sprayer (101) is connected to the mounting block (102) via the second cylinder body (501). A limit ring (502) is provided on the inner wall of the inner cavity of the second cylinder body (501). The limit ring (502) divides the inner cavity of the second cylinder body (501) into an upper cavity (503) and a lower cavity (504). The upper cavity (503) is connected to the discharge port (104), and the lower cavity (504) is connected to the sprayer (101). A pressure valve (505) is provided in the limit ring (502). The pressure valve (505) is used to control the communication between the upper cavity (503) and the lower cavity (504) when the liquid pressure in the upper cavity (503) reaches a certain value.

6. The perovskite coating device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure valve (505) comprises a slide rod (601) and a piston head (602), wherein the slide rod (601) is slidably connected to the limit stop ring (502), and the piston head (602) is slidably connected to the upper cavity (503). A second spring (603) is provided outside the slide rod (601), and the second spring (603) abuts against the piston head (602). The second spring (603) is used to apply an elastic force to the piston head (602) toward the discharge port (104). A material passage hole ( 604), the material passage hole (604) is connected with the upper cavity (503), and under the action of the elastic force of the second spring (603), the material passage hole (604) is blocked by the inner wall of the limit ring (502), and when the mixed liquid is introduced into the upper cavity (503), the hydraulic pressure of the liquid continues to increase, and the hydraulic pressure drives the piston head (602) and the slide rod (601) to move away from the discharge port (104), so that the second spring (603) is compressed by the piston head (602) until the material passage hole (604) is connected with the lower cavity (504).

7. The perovskite coating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wind knife (7) is provided at the front end of the sprayer (101), and the wind knife (7) is connected to a high-pressure air pump. The wind knife (7) is used to blow air to the surface to be sprayed on the substrate (1).

8. The perovskite coating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bracket (802) is provided on one side of the mounting block (102), and a lifting mechanism (801) is provided on the bracket (802). The lifting mechanism (801) is connected to the mounting block (102), and the lifting mechanism (801) is used to adjust the distance between the sprayer (101) and the base (1).

9. The perovskite coating device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (801) comprises a threaded sleeve (901) and a lead screw (902), wherein the lead screw (902) is vertically arranged and rotatably connected to the bracket (802), the threaded sleeve (901) is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting block (102), and the threaded sleeve (901) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (902).

10. The perovskite coating device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bracket (802) is provided with a vertical sliding groove (1001), a second sliding block (1002) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (1001), and the second sliding block (1002) is connected to the mounting block (102).

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