Vertical conveying and sorting device for construction waste

Abstract

The invention relates to a vertical conveying and sorting device for construction waste. The vertical conveying and sorting device comprises a buffer channel, a sorting chamber, a heavy sorting channel and a light sorting channel, the upper end of the sorting chamber communicates with the lower end of the buffer channel, and the sorting chamber conveys light garbage into the light separation channel through wind power. Each of the heavy sorting channel and the light sorting channel comprises a detection channel, a pollutant channel and a pollution-free channel; the communication relation between the detection channel and the pollutant channel and the non-pollution channel is switched through the electric turning plate; and detection units for identifying pollutants are arranged in the detection channel and the light detection channel. The detection unit can identify pollutants such as paint and paint adhering to the surface of the garbage through a spectrum detection technology, the communication relation between the detection channel and the pollutant channel and the communication relation between the detection channel and the pollutant-free channel are switched through an electric turning plate, the garbage adhering to the pollutants is discharged into the pollutant channel, and therefore sorting of the pollutant garbage is achieved, and the sorting efficiency is improved. And finally, the effect of classifying the construction waste is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building waste classification and collection, and in particular to a building waste vertical conveying and sorting device. Background Art

[0002] At present, a large amount of construction waste is generated in the construction process and piled up on various floors. It is usually transported through garbage pipes, but the degree of classification and collection of construction waste is low, and most of it is mixed, which increases the difficulty of waste resource utilization and harmless treatment.

[0003] In the prior art, for example, the invention patent with patent number CN109629795B discloses an intelligent construction waste classification device, in which each floor is provided with a floor garbage outlet, and adjacent floor garbage outlets are connected by a transport channel, and the lower part of the lowest floor garbage outlet or transport channel is provided with a construction waste transport channel and a decoration waste transport channel, and an electric flap device is provided between the construction waste transport channel and the decoration waste transport channel, and a particle size separation channel is provided at the lower part of the construction waste transport channel, and a mobile garbage collection vehicle is provided at the lower part of the particle size separation channel and the decoration waste transport channel. The automatic and efficient classification function of construction waste by stage, type and particle size is realized.

[0004] In the above-mentioned prior art, an electric movable flap device is provided, which can be switched according to the civil construction stage and the decoration and renovation construction stage, so that the construction waste from different construction stages can be sent to different separation channels. However, for the garbage from the decoration and renovation stage, it is only discharged into a garbage collection truck, and it is not possible to classify the garbage from the decoration and renovation stage. The solid garbage from the decoration and renovation construction stage includes decorative waste, waste decorative materials, waste packaging, etc. Compared with the solid garbage from the civil construction stage, it has the characteristics of complex composition, more harmful substances, and strong pollution. The pollutants are mainly coatings and paints, which can be attached to any solid waste, making it difficult to sort them when using the vertical conveying channel to transport the garbage.

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to study a vertical conveying and sorting device for construction waste. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a vertical conveying and sorting device for construction waste, which can effectively solve the problem that the existing waste sorting devices based on vertical conveying channels are difficult to effectively sort the construction waste generated during the decoration and renovation stage.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A vertical conveying and sorting device for construction waste, comprising a buffer channel, a sorting chamber, a heavy sorting channel and a light sorting channel; The upper end of the buffer channel is used to communicate with the vertical garbage channel; The upper end of the sorting chamber is connected to the lower end of the buffer channel, a wind selection port is provided on the side wall of the sorting chamber, and a fan for delivering wind force toward the wind selection port is provided in the sorting chamber; The heavy mass sorting channel includes a heavy mass detection channel, a heavy mass pollutant channel and a heavy mass non-polluting channel; The upper end of the heavy-quality detection channel is connected to the lower end of the sorting chamber, and the lower end of the heavy-quality detection channel is connected to the heavy-quality pollutant channel and the heavy-quality non-polluting channel. The lower end of the heavy-quality detection channel is provided with a first electric flap, and the connection relationship between the heavy-quality detection channel and the heavy-quality pollutant channel and the heavy-quality non-polluting channel is switched by the first electric flap; The light sorting channel includes a light detection channel, a light pollutant channel and a light pollution-free channel; The upper end of the light detection channel is connected to the air separation port of the sorting chamber, and the lower end of the light detection channel is connected to the light pollutant channel and the light non-polluting channel. The lower end of the light detection channel is provided with a second electric flap, and the connection relationship between the light detection channel and the light pollutant channel and the light non-polluting channel is switched by the second electric flap. The heavy detection channel and the light detection channel are both provided with a detection unit for identifying pollutants, and the detection unit includes a spectral sensor; The detection unit, the first electric flap and the second electric flap are all connected to the controller for control.

[0008] Furthermore, a magnetic device is provided in the sorting chamber, and the magnetic device includes a mounting frame and an electromagnet. The mounting frame is fixed on the side wall of the sorting chamber, and the electromagnet is installed on the mounting frame and is control-connected to the controller.

[0009] Furthermore, a gravity sensor is provided between the mounting frame and the electromagnet; The lower end of the sorting chamber is also connected to a metal transport channel; a third electric flap is provided between the metal transport channel and the heavy detection channel; The lower end of the sorting chamber is connected to the metal transport channel and the heavy-weight detection channel through a third electric flap switch; The gravity sensor and the third electric flap are both control-connected to the controller.

[0010] Furthermore, the first, second and third electric flaps each include an axle seat, a rotating shaft, a flap and an angle motor; an axle seat is fixed between the heavy pollutant channel and the heavy pollution-free channel, between the light pollutant channel and the light pollution-free channel, and between the metal transport channel and the heavy detection channel; the flap is rotatably set on the axle seat by the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft of the angle motor, and the angle motor is control-connected to the controller.

[0011] Furthermore, a dust conveying channel is arranged between the air separation port and the light detection channel, and the upper part of the dust conveying channel is horizontally connected with the air separation port; the lower part of the dust conveying channel extends vertically downward after being bent; a dust sorting screen that only allows dust to pass through is obliquely arranged in the middle part of the dust conveying channel; the upper end of the light detection channel is connected with the dust conveying channel, and the connection point is located at the lowest point of the dust sorting screen.

[0012] Furthermore, a particle size sorting channel is provided at the lower end of the heavy-weight pollution-free channel, and the particle size sorting channel is arranged to be inclined downward. A plurality of particle size sorting ports are provided on the lower surface of the particle size sorting channel at intervals along the inclined direction, and the plurality of particle size sorting ports are respectively connected to independent particle size conveying channels; screening nets are provided on the particle size sorting ports, and the apertures of the screening nets arranged from top to bottom gradually become larger.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower end of the dust conveying channel is connected to a particle size conveying channel with the smallest sorting particle size.

[0014] Furthermore, the buffer channel, the heavy detection channel, the light detection channel, the heavy pollutant channel and the light pollutant channel are all arranged to be inclined downward, and a buffer pad is arranged at the bottom of the buffer channel.

[0015] Furthermore, a secondary detection unit is provided in both the heavy pollutant channel and the light pollutant channel. The secondary detection unit includes a spectral sensor. The secondary detection unit is connected to the controller for control.

[0016] Furthermore, a trigger unit for detecting the passage of garbage is arranged in the buffer channel, and the trigger unit includes a laser sensor, and the trigger unit is connected to the controller for control.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: The present invention is deployed at the construction site, and performs preliminary light and heavy separation of garbage during vertical transportation of garbage through the vertical garbage channel, and sorts the garbage into light garbage and heavy garbage in combination with wind power, and transports the light garbage and heavy garbage to different detection channels respectively. It can not only sort the garbage once, classify light garbage such as packaging paper, foam materials, plastic film, dust and heavy garbage such as bricks, concrete blocks, ceramic pieces, etc., but also make the surface of the garbage as exposed as possible to avoid light garbage covering and blocking heavy garbage, so as to facilitate the detection unit to identify pollutants.

[0018] A detection unit is provided in the detection channel. The detection unit can identify pollutants such as paint adhering to the surface of garbage through spectral detection technology. Combined with the electric flap switching connection relationship between the detection channel and the pollutant channel and the pollutant-free channel, the garbage adhering to the pollutants is discharged into the pollutant channel, thereby realizing the sorting of polluted garbage. This can effectively solve the problem that the existing garbage sorting device based on the vertical conveying channel is difficult to effectively sort the construction waste generated in the decoration and renovation stage. It can preliminarily sort the construction waste and can be applicable to both the civil construction stage and the decoration and renovation construction stage, especially for the preliminary sorting of pollutant garbage in the decoration and renovation construction stage, so as to facilitate the subsequent further systematic classification of construction waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a side view schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view schematic diagram of the present invention (the metal conveying channel is not shown); Figure 3 for Figure 1 A is a partial enlarged view of the figure.

[0020] Figure numerals: 1 is a buffer channel, 2 is a sorting chamber, 3 is a vertical garbage channel, 4 is a heavy detection channel, 5 is a heavy pollutant channel, 6 is a heavy pollution-free channel, 7 is a first electric flap, 8 is a light detection channel, 9 is a light pollutant channel, 10 is a light pollution-free channel, 11 is a second electric flap, 12 is a detection unit, 13 is a magnetic suction device, 14 is a third electric flap, 15 is a metal transportation channel, 16 is a dust conveying channel, 17 is a particle size sorting channel, 18 is a particle size conveying channel, 19 is a screening net, 20 is a secondary detection unit, 21 is a trigger unit, 22 is a garbage collection vehicle, 101 is a buffer pad, 201 is a wind selection port, 202 is a fan, 1301 is a mounting frame, 1302 is an electromagnet, 1303 is a gravity sensor, and 1601 is a dust sorting screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: This embodiment aims to provide a vertical conveying and sorting device for construction waste, which is mainly used for sorting construction waste transported through a vertical garbage channel 3 during construction, in order to address the problem that existing garbage sorting devices based on vertical conveying channels are difficult to effectively sort construction waste generated during the decoration and renovation stage.

[0022] A vertical conveying and sorting device for construction waste, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 , including a buffer channel 1, a sorting chamber 2, a heavy-mass sorting channel and a light-mass sorting channel.

[0023] The upper end of the buffer channel 1 is used to be connected with the vertical garbage channel 3. The vertical garbage channel 3 is used to transport construction waste vertically downward from each floor. Each floor is provided with a floor garbage port connected with the vertical garbage channel 3. The specific structure and principle of the vertical garbage channel 3 are prior art, but it should be emphasized that this embodiment is based on the vertical garbage channel 3 and is arranged at the construction site. It can be applied to both the civil construction stage and the decoration and renovation construction stage, especially for the preliminary sorting of pollutant garbage in the decoration and renovation construction stage, so as to facilitate the subsequent further systematic classification of construction waste.

[0024] like Figure 1 The buffer channel 1 is mainly used to buffer and slow down the vertically transported garbage. The upper end of the sorting chamber 2 is connected to the lower end of the buffer channel 1 to reduce the speed and kinetic energy of the garbage when it enters the sorting chamber 2 for easy sorting. The buffer channel 1 is a downward inclined pipe with a layer of buffer pad 101 fixed at the bottom to cope with the impact of the vertically transported garbage.

[0025] like Figure 1-Figure 3 A wind selection port 201 is provided on the side wall of the sorting chamber 2, and a fan 202 for delivering wind toward the wind selection port 201 is arranged in the sorting chamber 2. Specifically, a blowing port is provided on the side wall of the sorting chamber 2 facing the wind selection port 201, and the fan 202 is fixedly installed on the blowing port, and a filter is fixed on the blowing port. When the fan 202 is working, it can provide wind force toward the wind selection port 201 for the sorting chamber 2, blow the light garbage in the garbage toward the wind selection port 201, and then enter the light detection channel 8, while the heavy garbage continues to be transported downward to the heavy detection channel 4, so as to realize the separation of light and heavy garbage. The power and opening and closing of the fan 202 are controlled by the controller. The specific structure and working principle of the fan 202 adopt the existing technology and will not be repeated here. However, it should be emphasized that the fan 202 is used in this embodiment to separate the light and heavy garbage. It is combined with the vertical garbage channel 3 to perform preliminary light and heavy separation on the garbage during the vertical transportation of the garbage, so that the wind force perpendicular to the flow direction of the garbage can effectively realize the light and heavy separation of the garbage.

[0026] During the decoration and renovation construction stage, light garbage mainly includes packaging paper, foam materials, plastic films, dust, etc., heavy garbage mainly includes bricks, concrete blocks, ceramic pieces, etc., and pollutants are mainly coatings and paints attached to or covering the surface of the garbage. This embodiment is mainly aimed at sorting out garbage containing coatings and paints. Since light garbage such as packaging paper, foam materials, and plastic films usually have a large volume and are easy to cover and block heavy garbage, and dust will have an adverse effect on the detection results, this embodiment uses a light and heavy separation method to sort light garbage and heavy garbage and conduct separate detection, and can be relatively focused on the detection of pollutants in specific types of garbage, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

[0027] like Figure 1 , the heavy-weight sorting channel includes a heavy-weight detection channel 4, a heavy-weight pollutant channel 5 and a heavy-weight non-polluting channel 6. The upper end of the heavy-weight detection channel 4 is connected to the lower end of the sorting chamber 2, and the lower end of the heavy-weight detection channel 4 is connected to the heavy-weight pollutant channel 5 and the heavy-weight non-polluting channel 6. Specifically, the heavy-weight detection channel 4 forms a three-pronged connection structure with the heavy-weight pollutant channel 5 and the heavy-weight non-polluting channel 6. The lower end of the heavy-weight detection channel 4 is provided with a first electric flap 7. Specifically, the first electric flap 7 includes an axle seat, a rotating shaft, a flap and an angle motor; the axle seat is fixed on the intersection line of the heavy-weight pollutant channel 5 and the heavy-weight non-polluting channel 6; the flap is rotatably arranged on the axle seat through the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is connected to the rotating shaft of the angle motor, and the angle motor is connected to the controller. By rotating the first electric flap 7, the connection relationship between the heavy-weight detection channel 4 and the heavy-weight pollutant channel 5 and the heavy-weight non-polluting channel 6 can be switched.

[0028] like Figure 2 , the light-weight sorting channel includes a light-weight detection channel 8, a light-weight pollutant channel 9 and a light-weight non-polluting channel 10. The upper end of the light-weight detection channel 8 is connected to the air separation port 201 of the sorting chamber 2, and the lower end of the light-weight detection channel 8 is connected to the light-weight pollutant channel 9 and the light-weight non-polluting channel 10. A second electric flap 11 is provided at the lower end of the light-weight detection channel 8. Specifically, the shaft seat of the second electric flap 11 is fixed on the intersection line of the light-weight pollutant channel 9 and the light-weight non-polluting channel 10, and the connection relationship between the light-weight pollutant channel 9 and the light-weight non-polluting channel 10 is switched by the second electric flap 11. The specific structure and working principle of the second electric flap 11 are the same as those of the first electric flap 7, which will not be repeated here.

[0029] The heavy detection channel 4 and the light detection channel 8 are both provided with a detection unit 12 for identifying pollutants, and the detection unit 12 includes a spectral sensor. Paints and coatings are usually composed of pigments, resins, solvents and additives, in which certain chemical groups (such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, aromatic ring, etc.) have absorption or reflection characteristics for light of specific wavelengths, and different types of coatings (such as water-based paints, oil-based paints) have unique spectral characteristics in the ultraviolet, visible light, and near-infrared spectrum ranges. The spectral sensor uses a light source (such as a laser, LED) to illuminate the surface of the garbage. The paint will absorb light of a specific wavelength and reflect other wavelengths. The spectral sensor captures the reflected or transmitted light signal and converts the signal into a spectral curve through a spectral analysis algorithm (such as Fourier transform or convolution analysis). Finally, the spectral curve of the garbage is compared with a database of known spectral characteristics of paints and coatings to identify the type of paint and whether there is pollution. Regarding the identification of paints and coatings attached to solids by spectral sensors, it belongs to the prior art and will not be repeated here. In other embodiments, the detection unit 12 may also include a color sensor, which identifies the bright color characteristics of the paints and coatings and preliminarily screens bright color paints and coatings to assist in identifying pollutants.

[0030] The detection unit 12, the first electric flap 7 and the second electric flap 11 are all connected to the controller. The controller uses a single-chip microcomputer based on an embedded control system. It is mainly used to receive signals from the detection unit 12 and control the actions of the controlled peripherals such as the first electric flap 7 and the second electric flap 11. The specific structure and principle of the controller all adopt the existing technology and will not be repeated here.

[0031] Regarding the sorting of pollutants by the controller according to the detection unit 12, the detection and sorting principles of light pollutants and heavy pollutants are the same, and the detection of heavy pollutants is used as an example for explanation here. The first electric flap 7 blocks the heavy pollutant channel 5 in the initial state. When the detection unit 12 detects pollutants in the heavy detection channel 4, the controller controls the first electric flap 7 to rotate, open the heavy pollutant channel 5, and block the heavy pollution-free channel 6. This state is maintained for a delay period, and the garbage containing pollutants is discharged into the heavy pollutant channel 5. If the detection unit 12 detects pollutants again within the delay period, the delay period is recalculated until the delay period ends, the electric flap is reset, the heavy pollution-free channel 6 is opened, and the heavy pollutant channel 5 is blocked, and finally a section of the garbage flow containing pollutants is discharged as a whole into the heavy pollutant channel 5, so as to achieve the effect of preliminary automatic sorting of pollutants, rather than removing pollutants separately. Regarding the delay period, it can be set according to actual conditions, or a flow meter for detecting the garbage flow rate can be integrated in the detection unit 12, and the delay period can be calculated based on the real-time garbage flow rate to ensure that the pollutants detected in the heavy detection channel 4 enter the heavy pollutant channel 5.

[0032] Further, such as Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 3 , a magnetic suction device 13 is also provided in the sorting chamber 2. The magnetic suction device 13 includes a mounting frame 1301 and an electromagnet 1302. The mounting frame 1301 is fixed on the side wall of the sorting chamber 2. The electromagnet 1302 is mounted on the mounting frame 1301 and is connected to the controller. The controller can control the power on and off of the electromagnet 1302, so that the electromagnet 1302 has or loses magnetic suction. The electromagnet 1302 is mainly used to absorb metal objects in the garbage, including steel bars, angle steels, screws, etc. Due to the high recycling value of metal objects, in this embodiment, metal objects with pollutants attached are no longer sorted separately. The metal objects are mainly collected separately and uniformly, and the pollutants therein are cleaned in the subsequent garbage treatment process.

[0033] Further, such as Figure 3 A gravity sensor 1303 is provided between the mounting frame 1301 and the electromagnet 1302. The gravity sensor 1303 is connected to the controller. The controller determines whether the electromagnet 1302 is fully loaded by analyzing the data returned by the gravity sensor 1303. Figure 1 , the lower end of the sorting chamber 2 is also connected to a metal transport channel 15; a third electric flap 14 is provided between the metal transport channel 15 and the heavy-weight detection channel 4, and the lower end of the sorting chamber 2 switches the connection relationship between the metal transport channel 15 and the heavy-weight detection channel 4 through the third electric flap 14. The third electric flap 14 is connected to the controller control. In the initial state, the third electric flap 14 blocks the metal transport channel 15, but when the electromagnet 1302 is fully loaded, the third electric flap 14 flips to open the metal transport channel 15 and blocks the heavy-weight detection channel 4 at the same time. Then the electromagnet 1302 is powered off, and the metal objects that lose their adsorption force fall and slide into the metal recovery channel, realizing the separate recovery of the metal objects. After a preset delay period, the third electric flap 14 is reset and the electromagnet 1302 is powered on again. The specific structure of the third electric flap 14 is the same as that of the first electric flap 7, which will not be repeated here.

[0034] Further, such as Figure 2A dust conveying channel 16 is also provided between the air separation port 201 and the light detection channel 8. The upper part of the dust conveying channel 16 is horizontally connected to the air separation port 201, and the lower part of the dust conveying channel 16 extends vertically downward after being bent, thereby forming a slow release effect on the wind force in the bending area, reducing the speed of the light garbage, and preventing the influence of the wind force on the subsequent sorting. A dust sorting screen 1601 that only allows dust to pass is tiltedly provided in the middle part of the dust conveying channel 16, which is used to separate the dust in the light garbage in cooperation with the vertical conveying effect of the vertical section of the dust conveying channel 16. The upper end of the light detection channel 8 is connected to the dust conveying channel 16, and the connection point is located at the lowest point of the dust sorting screen 1601, so that light garbage such as plastic film and packaging paper enters the light detection channel 8. The dust in the light garbage is separated separately, which is mainly used to prevent the dust from affecting the spectral sensor.

[0035] Furthermore, the lower end of the heavy-weight pollution-free channel 6 is connected to a particle size sorting channel 17, which is inclined downward, and the lower surface of the particle size sorting channel 17 is provided with a plurality of particle size sorting ports spaced apart along the inclined direction, and the plurality of particle size sorting ports are respectively connected to independent particle size conveying channels 18; screening nets 19 are provided on the particle size sorting ports, and the apertures of the screening nets 19 arranged from top to bottom gradually become larger.

[0036] Furthermore, garbage collection vehicles 22 are placed at the ends of the light pollutant channel 9, the light pollution-free channel 10, the heavy pollutant channel 5, and the metal transport channel 15, and garbage collection vehicles 22 are also arranged under each particle size conveying channel 18 to collect garbage. The lower end of the dust conveying channel 16 is connected to the particle size conveying channel 18 with the smallest sorting particle size.

[0037] Further, the heavy pollutant channel 5 and the light pollutant channel 9 are both provided with a secondary detection unit 20, which includes a spectral sensor and is connected to the controller. The secondary detection unit 20 mainly plays the role of auxiliary detection, and is used to determine whether the pollutants have successfully entered the pollutant channel. On this basis, the control logic of the first and second electric flaps 11 can be optimized. Here, the first electric flap 7 is still taken as an example. When the detection unit 12 detects pollutants in the heavy pollutant channel 5 for the first time, the first electric flap 7 is flipped to discharge the garbage with pollutants into the heavy pollutant channel 5. When the secondary detection unit 20 does not detect pollutants again within a short period, the first electric flap 7 is reset to close the heavy pollutant channel 5. That is, the detection unit 12 focuses on controlling the opening of the heavy pollutant channel 5, while the secondary detection unit 20 focuses on controlling the closing of the heavy pollutant channel 5. Compared with the control method that relies only on a single detection unit 12 to delay the control of the first electric flap 7, it has better sensitivity and fault tolerance.

[0038] Furthermore, the buffer channel 1, the heavy-weight detection channel 4, the light-weight detection channel 8, the heavy pollutant channel 5 and the light-weight pollutant channel 9 are all arranged to be tilted downward, wherein the heavy-weight detection channel 4 and the heavy pollutant channel 5 maintain the same tilt direction, and the light-weight detection channel 8 and the light-weight pollutant channel 9 maintain the same tilt direction, so as to slow down the garbage therein and increase the distance between each garbage individual to facilitate pollutant detection.

[0039] Furthermore, a trigger unit 21 for detecting the passage of garbage is provided in the buffer channel 1. The trigger unit 21 includes a laser sensor. The trigger unit 21 is connected to the controller and may also include an ultrasonic sensor, etc., which is mainly used to identify whether there is garbage passing by. When there is garbage passing by, a signal is fed back to the controller, so that the fan 202 and the detection unit 12 can enter the standby state when there is no garbage passing by, and can be activated to enter the working mode only when there is garbage passing by.

Claims

1. A construction waste vertical conveying and sorting device, characterized by: It comprises a buffer channel (1), a sorting chamber (2), a heavy-mass sorting channel and a light-mass sorting channel; The upper end of the buffer channel (1) is used to communicate with the vertical garbage channel (3); The upper end of the sorting chamber (2) is in communication with the lower end of the buffer channel (1); a wind selection port (201) is provided on the side wall of the sorting chamber (2); and a fan (202) for conveying wind toward the wind selection port (201) is provided in the sorting chamber (2); The heavy mass sorting channel comprises a heavy mass detection channel (4), a heavy mass pollutant channel (5) and a heavy mass non-polluting channel (6); The upper end of the heavy-quality detection channel (4) is connected to the lower end of the sorting chamber (2), and the lower end of the heavy-quality detection channel (4) is connected to the heavy-quality pollutant channel (5) and the heavy-quality non-polluting channel (6). The lower end of the heavy-quality detection channel (4) is provided with a first electric flap (7), and the connection relationship between the heavy-quality detection channel (4) and the heavy-quality pollutant channel (5) and the heavy-quality non-polluting channel (6) is switched by the first electric flap (7); The light-weight sorting channel comprises a light-weight detection channel (8), a light-weight pollutant channel (9) and a light-weight non-polluting channel (10); The upper end of the light detection channel (8) is connected to the air separation port (201) of the sorting chamber (2), and the lower end of the light detection channel (8) is connected to the light pollutant channel (9) and the light non-polluting channel (10). The lower end of the light detection channel (8) is provided with a second electric flap (11), and the connection relationship between the light detection channel (8) and the light pollutant channel (9) and the light non-polluting channel (10) is switched by the second electric flap (11); The heavy detection channel (4) and the light detection channel (8) are both provided with a detection unit (12) for identifying pollutants, and the detection unit (12) includes a spectral sensor; The detection unit (12), the first electric flap (7) and the second electric flap (11) are all controllably connected to a controller.

2. A construction waste vertical conveying and sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A magnetic attraction device (13) is also provided in the sorting chamber (2), the magnetic attraction device (13) comprising a mounting frame (1301) and an electromagnet (1302), the mounting frame (1301) being fixed on a side wall of the sorting chamber (2), the electromagnet (1302) being mounted on the mounting frame (1301) and being control-connected to a controller.

3. A construction waste vertical conveying and sorting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A gravity sensor (1303) is provided between the mounting frame (1301) and the electromagnet (1302); The lower end of the sorting chamber (2) is also connected to a metal transport channel (15); a third electric flap (14) is provided between the metal transport channel (15) and the heavy-mass detection channel (4); The lower end of the sorting chamber (2) is connected to the metal transport channel (15) and the heavy-mass detection channel (4) by switching the third electric flap (14); The gravity sensor (1303) and the third electric flap (14) are both controllably connected to the controller.

4. A construction waste vertical conveying and sorting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first, second and third electric flaps all include an axle seat, a rotating shaft, a flap and an angle motor; an axle seat is fixed between the heavy pollutant channel (5) and the heavy pollution-free channel (6), between the light pollutant channel (9) and the light pollution-free channel (10), and between the metal transport channel (15) and the heavy detection channel (4); the flap is rotatably arranged on the axle seat through the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft of the angle motor, and the angle motor is control-connected to the controller.

5. The device for vertically conveying and sorting construction waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust conveying channel (16) is also provided between the air separation port (201) and the light detection channel (8); the upper portion of the dust conveying channel (16) is horizontally connected to the air separation port (201); the lower portion of the dust conveying channel (16) is bent and extends vertically downward; a dust separation screen (1601) is obliquely provided in the middle portion of the dust conveying channel (16) for allowing only dust to pass through; the upper end of the light detection channel (8) is connected to the dust conveying channel (16), and the connection point is located at the lowest point of the dust separation screen (1601).

6. A construction waste vertical conveying and sorting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower end of the heavy pollution-free channel (6) is connected to a particle size sorting channel (17), the particle size sorting channel (17) is arranged obliquely downward, and a plurality of particle size sorting openings are arranged at intervals along the oblique direction on the lower surface of the particle size sorting channel (17), and the plurality of particle size sorting openings are respectively connected to independent particle size conveying channels (18); and screening nets (19) are arranged on the particle size sorting openings, and the apertures of the screening nets (19) arranged from top to bottom gradually become larger.

7. A construction waste vertical conveying and sorting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower end of the dust conveying channel (16) is connected to a particle size conveying channel (18) having the smallest particle size for sorting.

8. A construction waste vertical conveying and sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The buffer channel (1), the heavy detection channel (4), the light detection channel (8), the heavy pollutant channel (5) and the light pollutant channel (9) are all arranged to be inclined downward, and a buffer pad (101) is arranged at the bottom of the buffer channel (1).

9. A construction waste vertical conveying and sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A secondary detection unit (20) is provided in both the heavy pollutant channel (5) and the light pollutant channel (9); the secondary detection unit (20) comprises a spectral sensor; and the secondary detection unit (20) is controllably connected to a controller.

10. A construction waste vertical conveying and sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A trigger unit (21) for detecting the passage of garbage is arranged in the buffer channel (1); the trigger unit (21) comprises a laser sensor; and the trigger unit (21) is connected to a controller for control.

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