High-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method

Abstract

The invention provides a high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method, and relates to the technical field of aluminum profile machining. The hot extrusion forming method for the high-strength aluminum profile comprises the steps that a blank is prepared, a proper aluminum alloy material is selected, inclusions in the raw material are removed, the raw material is cut into the required length and shape, heating smelting treatment is conducted, and the temperature suitable for extrusion is achieved while it is guaranteed that components are uniform. By optimizing the smelting process and adopting advanced smelting technologies such as electromagnetic stirring and vacuum smelting, the component uniformity of molten aluminum is ensured, parameters such as smelting temperature, time and stirring speed are strictly controlled, alloy elements are fully dissolved and uniformly distributed, raw material inspection is enhanced, and raw materials are strictly inspected and screened, so that the production cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. The aluminum ingots containing the inclusions are removed, and before smelting, the aluminum ingots can be pretreated, such as cleaning and preheating, so that the introduction of the inclusions is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum profile processing, in particular to a high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method. Background Art

[0002] Hot extrusion of high-strength aluminum profiles is a process of extruding heated aluminum billets into the desired shape through a die, which includes the steps of preparing the aluminum billets, heating, extruding, cooling and subsequent processing. First, the aluminum billets are heated to a certain temperature to give them good plasticity. Then, the heated aluminum billets are placed in an extruder, and the aluminum billets are extruded into the desired shape through the extrusion action of the die. Finally, the extruded aluminum profiles are cooled and subsequently processed, such as stretching, straightening, cutting, etc., to obtain the final product.

[0003] At present, the existing high-strength aluminum profiles have the problem of uneven composition during hot extrusion forming, that is, the raw materials such as aluminum ingots may have uneven composition during the smelting process, which will lead to inconsistent performance of the aluminum profiles. For example, the strength of some parts may be lower than expected, affecting the overall high-strength performance. In addition, there is the problem of inclusions, that is, inclusions in the raw materials, such as oxides, sulfides, etc., may destroy the internal structure of the aluminum profile during the extrusion process, reduce its mechanical properties and surface quality, and inclusions may also cause increased wear of the extrusion die and shorten the service life of the die.

[0004] To this end, we have developed a new method for hot extrusion of high-strength aluminum profiles. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be resolved In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method to solve the problem.

[0006] (II) Technical solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method, comprising the following specific steps: S1. Prepare the billet: select the appropriate aluminum alloy material, remove the inclusions in the raw material, cut it into the required length and shape, and heat and melt it to ensure uniform composition and reach a temperature suitable for extrusion; S2. Prepare the mold: Design and manufacture the mold according to the shape and size of the required extruded aluminum profile. The mold needs to have sufficient strength and wear resistance to withstand the pressure and friction during the extrusion process; S3. Extrusion: The heated billet is placed in a mold, and high pressure is applied through an extruder to cause the billet to undergo plastic deformation in the mold, thereby filling the mold cavity to form an aluminum profile of the desired shape; S4. Cooling and shaping: The extruded aluminum profile is quickly cooled to solidify and maintain its shape. The cooling method can be water cooling, air cooling or other appropriate methods; S5. Straightening and trimming: Straighten and trim the cooled aluminum profile to remove the bends, twists and surface defects generated during the extrusion process, and improve the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the profile; S6. Finished product inspection: Conduct quality inspection on straightened and trimmed aluminum profiles, including inspections on size, shape, surface quality, mechanical properties, etc., to ensure that the products meet relevant standards and requirements; S7. Surface treatment: According to the needs, the aluminum profiles are subjected to surface treatment, such as anodizing, electrophoretic coating, powder spraying, etc., to improve their corrosion resistance and decorative properties.

[0007] Furthermore, the heating and smelting process adopts advanced smelting technologies, such as electromagnetic stirring, vacuum smelting, etc., to ensure the uniformity of the composition of the aluminum liquid, strictly control parameters such as smelting temperature, time and stirring speed, so that the alloy elements are fully dissolved and evenly distributed, and add a modifier in the heating and smelting process. According to the type and performance requirements of the aluminum alloy, an appropriate amount of modifier is added to change the organizational structure of the alloy and improve its mechanical properties and processing properties.

[0008] Furthermore, when the aluminum alloy material is selected, the raw material inspection can be strengthened, the raw materials can be strictly inspected and screened, and aluminum ingots containing inclusions can be removed. Before the heating and smelting treatment, the aluminum ingots can be pretreated, such as cleaning, preheating, etc., to reduce the introduction of inclusions.

[0009] Furthermore, in the prepared mold, a suitable mold material can be selected, and a high-strength, high-temperature resistant, and wear-resistant mold steel material, such as H13 steel, can be selected, and appropriate heat treatment can be performed to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the mold. At the same time, a coating treatment, such as nitriding, chrome plating, etc., can be performed on the mold surface to further improve the surface performance of the mold. In the prepared mold, an optimized mold design is adopted, and computer simulation technology is used to simulate and analyze the structure and extrusion process of the mold, and the mold cavity structure, feed port design, working belt length and other parameters are optimized to ensure the flow uniformity and filling integrity of the aluminum profile during the extrusion process. When designing the mold, the cooling system and exhaust system of the mold should also be considered to improve the service life of the mold and the quality of the aluminum profile.

[0010] Furthermore, in the extrusion process, the temperature can be precisely controlled. An advanced temperature control system is used to precisely control the temperature of the extrusion barrel, the die and the aluminum billet. The optimal extrusion temperature range is determined according to different aluminum alloy materials and profile specifications, and the temperature is monitored and adjusted in real time during the production process. In the extrusion process, the extrusion speed can be optimized. The appropriate extrusion speed is determined according to factors such as the shape, size and alloy material of the aluminum profile. Under the premise of ensuring the quality of the aluminum profile, the extrusion speed is increased as much as possible to improve production efficiency. The optimal extrusion speed parameters can be determined by methods such as mold trials and simulation analysis. In the extrusion process, a suitable lubricant can be selected, and the amount and application method of the lubricant can be reasonably controlled. The lubricant should have good lubrication properties and high temperature resistance, and be able to maintain a stable lubrication effect under high temperature and high pressure extrusion environments. At the same time, attention should be paid to the cleaning and replacement of the lubricant to avoid the lubricant affecting the surface quality of the aluminum profile.

[0011] (III) Beneficial effects The present invention provides a high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method, which has the following beneficial effects: This high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method optimizes the smelting process and adopts advanced smelting technologies such as electromagnetic stirring and vacuum smelting to ensure the uniformity of the composition of the aluminum liquid and strictly control parameters such as smelting temperature, time and stirring speed to fully dissolve and evenly distribute the alloy elements.

[0012] The high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method strengthens the raw material inspection, strictly inspects and screens the raw materials, removes aluminum ingots containing inclusions, and pre-treats the aluminum ingots before smelting, such as cleaning and preheating, to reduce the introduction of inclusions.

[0013] The invention discloses a high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method. By adding a modifier, a proper amount of the modifier is added according to the type and performance requirements of the aluminum alloy to change the organizational structure of the alloy and improve its mechanical properties and processing properties. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Embodiment:

[0016] As attached Figure 1 As shown: The present invention provides a high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method, comprising the following specific steps: S1. Prepare the billet: select the appropriate aluminum alloy material, remove the inclusions in the raw material, cut it into the required length and shape, and heat and melt it to ensure uniform composition and reach a temperature suitable for extrusion; S2. Prepare the mold: Design and manufacture the mold according to the shape and size of the required extruded aluminum profile. The mold needs to have sufficient strength and wear resistance to withstand the pressure and friction during the extrusion process; S3. Extrusion: The heated billet is placed in a mold, and high pressure is applied through an extruder to cause the billet to undergo plastic deformation in the mold, thereby filling the mold cavity to form an aluminum profile of the desired shape; S4. Cooling and shaping: The extruded aluminum profile is quickly cooled to solidify and maintain its shape. The cooling method can be water cooling, air cooling or other appropriate methods; S5. Straightening and trimming: Straighten and trim the cooled aluminum profile to remove the bends, twists and surface defects generated during the extrusion process, and improve the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the profile; S6. Finished product inspection: Conduct quality inspection on straightened and trimmed aluminum profiles, including inspections on size, shape, surface quality, mechanical properties, etc., to ensure that the products meet relevant standards and requirements; S7. Surface treatment: According to the needs, the aluminum profiles are subjected to surface treatment, such as anodizing, electrophoretic coating, powder spraying, etc., to improve their corrosion resistance and decorative properties.

[0017] Among them, advanced smelting technologies are used in the heating and smelting process, such as electromagnetic stirring, vacuum melting, etc., to ensure the uniformity of the composition of the aluminum liquid, strictly control parameters such as melting temperature, time and stirring speed, so that the alloy elements are fully dissolved and evenly distributed, and add modifiers in the heating and smelting process. According to the type and performance requirements of the aluminum alloy, add an appropriate amount of modifier to change the alloy's organizational structure and improve its mechanical properties and processing properties.

[0018] Among them, when selecting aluminum alloy materials, the inspection of raw materials can be strengthened, and the raw materials can be strictly inspected and screened to remove aluminum ingots containing inclusions. Before heating and smelting, the aluminum ingots can be pretreated, such as cleaning, preheating, etc., to reduce the introduction of inclusions.

[0019] Among them, in the preparation of the mold, you can choose a suitable mold material, choose high-strength, high-temperature resistant, wear-resistant mold steel materials, such as H13 steel, etc., and perform appropriate heat treatment to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the mold. At the same time, you can perform coating treatment on the mold surface, such as nitriding, chrome plating, etc., to further improve the surface performance of the mold. In the preparation of the mold, adopt an optimized mold design, use computer simulation technology, simulate and analyze the structure and extrusion process of the mold, optimize the mold cavity structure, feed port design, working belt length and other parameters, ensure the flow uniformity and filling integrity of the aluminum profile during the extrusion process, and when designing the mold, the cooling system and exhaust system of the mold should also be considered to improve the service life of the mold and the quality of the aluminum profile.

[0020] Among them, in the extrusion process, the temperature can be precisely controlled. The advanced temperature control system is used to precisely control the temperature of the extrusion barrel, die and aluminum billet. The optimal extrusion temperature range is determined according to different aluminum alloy materials and profile specifications, and the temperature is monitored and adjusted in real time during the production process. In the extrusion process, the extrusion speed can be optimized. According to factors such as the shape, size and alloy material of the aluminum profile, the appropriate extrusion speed is determined. Under the premise of ensuring the quality of the aluminum profile, the extrusion speed is increased as much as possible to improve production efficiency. The optimal extrusion speed parameters can be determined through trial molds and simulation analysis. In the extrusion process, a suitable lubricant can be selected, and the amount and application method of the lubricant can be reasonably controlled. The lubricant should have good lubrication properties and high temperature resistance, and be able to maintain a stable lubrication effect under high temperature and high pressure extrusion environments. At the same time, attention should be paid to the cleaning and replacement of the lubricant to avoid the lubricant affecting the surface quality of the aluminum profile.

[0021] In addition, it should be noted in the present invention that advanced detection technologies, such as X-ray detection, ultrasonic detection, metallographic analysis, etc., can be introduced into the finished product inspection process to detect the internal structure and microstructure of the aluminum profile and promptly discover potential defects. At the same time, online detection technology can be used to monitor the aluminum profiles in the production process in real time to ensure the stability of product quality, and formulate unified testing standards, clarify the testing items, testing methods and evaluation indicators, etc., so that the quality inspection results of different manufacturers and users are comparable. Manufacturers should strictly carry out quality inspections in accordance with the standards to ensure that product quality meets the requirements.

[0022] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. Prepare the billet: select the appropriate aluminum alloy material, remove the inclusions in the raw material, cut it into the required length and shape, and heat and melt it to ensure uniform composition and reach a temperature suitable for extrusion; S2. Prepare the mold: Design and manufacture the mold according to the shape and size of the required extruded aluminum profile. The mold needs to have sufficient strength and wear resistance to withstand the pressure and friction during the extrusion process; S3. Extrusion: The heated billet is placed in a mold, and high pressure is applied through an extruder to cause the billet to undergo plastic deformation in the mold, thereby filling the mold cavity to form an aluminum profile of the desired shape; S4. Cooling and shaping: The extruded aluminum profile is quickly cooled to solidify and maintain its shape. The cooling method can be water cooling, air cooling or other appropriate methods; S5. Straightening and trimming: Straighten and trim the cooled aluminum profile to remove the bends, twists and surface defects generated during the extrusion process, and improve the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the profile; S6. Finished product inspection: Conduct quality inspection on straightened and trimmed aluminum profiles, including inspections on size, shape, surface quality, mechanical properties, etc., to ensure that the products meet relevant standards and requirements; S7. Surface treatment: According to the needs, the aluminum profiles are subjected to surface treatment, such as anodizing, electrophoretic coating, powder spraying, etc., to improve their corrosion resistance and decorative properties.

2. A high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating and smelting process adopts advanced smelting technology to ensure the uniformity of the composition of the aluminum liquid, and strictly control the parameters to make the alloy elements fully dissolved and evenly distributed.

3. A high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Modifiers are added during the heating and smelting process. According to the type and performance requirements of the aluminum alloy, a proper amount of modifiers is added to change the organizational structure of the alloy and improve its mechanical properties and processing properties.

4. A high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the aluminum alloy material is selected, the raw material inspection can be strengthened, the raw materials can be strictly inspected and screened, and aluminum ingots containing inclusions can be removed.

5. The high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the heating and smelting treatment, the aluminum ingot may be pretreated to reduce the introduction of inclusions.

6. A high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation of the mold, a suitable mold material can be selected, and a high-strength, high-temperature-resistant, and wear-resistant mold steel material can be selected, and appropriate heat treatment can be performed to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the mold. At the same time, a coating treatment can be performed on the mold surface to further improve the surface properties of the mold.

7. A high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation of the mold, an optimized mold design is adopted, and computer simulation technology is used to simulate and analyze the structure of the mold and the extrusion process, optimize the mold parameters, ensure the flow uniformity and filling integrity of the aluminum profile during the extrusion process, and when designing the mold, the cooling system and exhaust system of the mold should also be considered to improve the service life of the mold and the quality of the aluminum profile.

8. The high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the extrusion process, the temperature can be precisely controlled. An advanced temperature control system is used to precisely control the temperature of the extrusion barrel, die and aluminum billet. The optimal extrusion temperature range is determined according to different aluminum alloy materials and profile specifications, and the temperature is monitored and adjusted in real time during the production process.

9. A high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the extrusion process, the extrusion speed can be optimized. According to the factors related to the aluminum profile, the appropriate extrusion speed can be determined. Under the premise of ensuring the quality of the aluminum profile, the extrusion speed can be increased as much as possible to improve the production efficiency. The optimal extrusion speed parameters can be determined by methods such as mold trial and simulation analysis.

10. The high-strength aluminum profile hot extrusion forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the extrusion process, a suitable lubricant can be selected, and the amount and application method of the lubricant can be reasonably controlled. The lubricant should have good lubrication performance and high temperature resistance, and be able to maintain a stable lubrication effect under high temperature and high pressure extrusion environment. At the same time, attention should be paid to the cleaning and replacement of the lubricant to avoid the lubricant affecting the surface quality of the aluminum profile.

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