Ship flat plate leveling method

Abstract

The invention relates to a ship flat plate leveling method. The ship flat plate leveling method comprises the following steps that 1, a foundation jig frame is arranged; step 2, hoisting and placing the mounting flat plate; step 3, measuring the flatness; step 4, establishing a planar three-dimensional model; step 5, manufacturing a standard calibration plate; step 6, marking the position of the calibration plate; step 7, leveling the flat plate; 8, re-measuring the flatness of the flat plate; according to the leveling method, a range finder is used for measuring the flatness of the top surface of a plane in a snakelike route and intermittent pause mode, a three-dimensional grid model of the top surface of the flat plate is established, the position needing to be leveled is digitized, and when the flat plate is leveled, the position of a standard plate to be leveled is clearly marked on the flat plate in advance, so that the leveling accuracy is improved. By means of the technical scheme, errors of the correction position are effectively avoided, the pressure applying position of the hydraulic jack is limited through the center of the marked through hole of the standard correction plate, the hydraulic jack gradually starts to be corrected from the maximum deformation point of the flat plate, the leveling effect is effectively improved, repeated positioning correction is not needed, and the leveling efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ship construction, and in particular to a method for leveling a ship flat plate. Background Art

[0002] Due to the huge size of ships, reference plates play an important role in the shipbuilding process. Reference plates are usually set at the main structural positions of the hull, such as the bow, stern and midship, to ensure that the geometry and size of the hull meet the design requirements. Moreover, it is the basis for the precision control of the entire shipbuilding. In the block construction method, the reference plate provides a fixed reference point for the measurement of the hull, so that various parts of the hull, such as the hull plate, ribs and decks, can be accurately measured and corrected during the construction process. Each hull section will be aligned with reference to the reference plate during assembly to ensure that each part is accurately docked, reduce welding and assembly errors, and help control the shape of the longitudinal and transverse planes of the hull, ensuring the straightness and horizontality of the hull. Therefore, the flatness of the precision plate is crucial to the manufacturing quality and performance stability of the ship.

[0003] The reference plate used in the shipbuilding process is relatively large. At present, the existing conventional roller leveling equipment needs to transport the reference plate as a whole into the rollers for overall correction during leveling. This equipment is often used to correct large-scale deformation of the reference plate. If the reference plate only has slight deformations such as depression or protrusion in a small area, this method is not very suitable. In view of this situation, manual measurement and mechanical leveling are often used in the actual on-site operation process. This method is easily affected by human factors, and the position to be leveled is unclear. The approximate position can only be determined by experience, which is prone to correction position errors. There are problems such as repeated leveling, unsatisfactory leveling effect, and low leveling efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention proposes a ship flat plate leveling method to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for leveling a ship plate, so as to digitize the position to be leveled, avoid the error of the correction position, and improve the leveling effect and efficiency.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a method for leveling a ship plate, the innovation of which is: comprising the following steps: Step 1, arranging the basic tire frame: arranging the basic tire frame on the leveling site, the basic tire frame includes two fixed tire frames and several movable tire frames, setting embedded parts on the leveling site in advance, the fixed tire frame is fixedly connected with the embedded parts, and the movable tire frame is movably placed on the leveling site, and the top surfaces of the fixed tire frame and the movable tire frame are inspected to ensure that the top surfaces of the fixed tire frame and the movable tire frame are on the same horizontal plane; Step 2, hoisting and installing the flat plate: use the hoisting equipment to lift the flat plate and lower it to the basic tire frame, the two side edges of the flat plate in the width direction are supported by the fixed tire frame, and the middle of the flat plate is supported by the movable tire frame. Use the first standard gauge block to fix the two sides of the flat plate on the fixed tire frame, and detect the top surface of the first standard gauge block to ensure the horizontality of the top surface of the first standard gauge block; Step 3, measuring flatness: Use a rangefinder to measure the flatness of the top surface of the flat plate. Before measuring, first use the top surface of the first standard gauge block as a reference to determine the reference height. The rangefinder moves horizontally along a serpentine route and uses an intermittent pause method to measure the normal height of the top surface of the plane. The normal height data is measured every time it pauses. Step 4, establish a three-dimensional plane model: take the starting point of the serpentine route as the origin, establish a three-dimensional coordinate axis, the x-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate axis is the width direction of the plate, the y-axis is the length direction of the plate, and the z-axis is the vertical direction. According to the displacement data and measurement data of the rangefinder, establish a three-coordinate point set, connect the points to form a three-dimensional grid model of the top surface of the plate, and according to the three-dimensional grid model, clarify the projection figure of the plate on the x- and y-axis coordinate planes where deformation occurs, and clarify the coordinates of the maximum deformation point; Step 5, making a standard calibration plate: Based on the outline of the projection figure, the standard calibration plate is expanded outward at equal distances to form the figure of the standard calibration plate. The standard calibration plate is made according to the figure of the standard calibration plate. Two standard calibration plates are made for each figure of the standard calibration plate, and marking grooves are opened at different positions on the edge of each standard calibration plate. There are at least three marking grooves, and marking holes are drilled at the coordinates of the maximum deformation point on the standard calibration plate; Step 6, mark the position of the calibration plate: mark the position of the marking slot of each standard calibration plate on the top and bottom surfaces of the flat plate respectively; Step 7, flat plate leveling: according to the position of the mark of the through groove, place a corresponding standard calibration plate on the top and bottom surfaces of the flat plate, and fix them with a hydraulic jack. The center axis of the hydraulic jack's push rod and the center of the marked through hole of the standard calibration plate are required to be in the same straight line. Use the hydraulic jack to apply pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate to complete the flat plate leveling; Step 8. Re-measure the flatness of the plate: After all deformed parts of the plate are leveled, remove the hydraulic jack and the standard calibration plate, and re-measure the flatness of the plate according to step 3 to ensure that the plate is leveled properly.

[0007] Furthermore, in step 3, the formula for determining the reference height is: H0=H m +h0 Where H0 is the reference height, unit is mm, H m is the normal height of the top surface of the first standard gauge block detected by the rangefinder, in mm, and h0 is the normal thickness of the first standard gauge block, in mm.

[0008] Furthermore, in step 3, the serpentine route of the rangefinder starts from the outer edge of the first standard block at a corner of the flat plate, and pauses once after moving a distance L1 along the serpentine route, with a pause time of 1 to 3 seconds. When moving, it first moves along the width direction of the flat plate, moves to the outer edge of another first standard block, then turns to move a distance L2 in the length direction of the flat plate, turns to move in the opposite direction along the width direction of the flat plate, until it moves to the end of the serpentine route.

[0009] Furthermore, L1=L2 and L1=n|δ|, wherein δ is the maximum allowable error of the normal height, in units of mm, and n is the first coefficient, taking a value of 1-5.

[0010] Further, the width direction of the first standard gauge block is consistent with the width direction of the flat plate, and the width W of the first standard gauge block is greater than 2L1.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 5, the specific method of forming the graphics of the standard calibration plate is: L3=σΔh max Among them, L3 is the distance that the contour line of the projected figure expands outward equidistantly, in mm, σ is the second coefficient, ranging from 1.2 to 1.5, Δh max is the maximum deformation at the flat plate deformation point corresponding to the projection figure, in mm; When the flat plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure is concave, Δh max =H max -H0, where H max is the maximum normal height of the plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure, in mm; When the flat plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure is a convex deformation, Δh max =H0-H min , where H min It is the minimum normal height of the plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure, in mm.

[0012] Further, the fixed tire frame includes a tire frame base and a second standard gauge block, the second standard gauge block is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the tire frame base, and the top surface of the second standard gauge block and the top surface of the movable tire frame are on the same horizontal plane; A clamping groove for accommodating a flat plate is provided on the bottom surface of the first standard gauge block, the first standard gauge block is mounted on the top surface of the second standard gauge block by bolts, and the flat plate is fixed in the clamping groove, the inner side wall of the first standard gauge block and the inner side wall of the second standard gauge block are in the same longitudinal plane, the inner side wall of the first standard gauge block is a reference surface for marking the position of the marking through groove of each standard calibration plate on the top surface of the flat plate, and the inner side wall of the second standard gauge block is a reference surface for marking the position of the marking through groove of each standard calibration plate on the bottom surface of the flat plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the distance meter is arranged above the basic tire frame through a gantry; The two sides of the gantry are each movably mounted on the leveling ground through a first screw assembly, the first screw assembly includes a first screw and a first nut, the first screw is horizontally arranged and is mounted on the leveling ground through a first mounting seat, the first screw is driven to rotate by a first rotating drive member, the first nut is mounted on the bottom of the gantry and is threadedly sleeved on the first screw, a first guide assembly is respectively arranged on both sides of each first screw assembly, the first guide assembly includes a first guide rail and two first sliders, the first guide rail is horizontally fixed on the leveling ground, the two first sliders are fixedly mounted on both sides of the bottom of the gantry, and are both slidably connected to the first guide rail; The rangefinder is movably mounted on the gantry through a movable plate, and the moving direction is perpendicular to the moving direction of the gantry. The movable plate is arranged below the gantry. Two hanging plates arranged in parallel are arranged on the top surface of the movable plate. The two hanging plates are respectively located on both sides of the gantry and are movably connected to the gantry through a second guide assembly. The second guide assembly includes a second guide rail and two second sliders. The second guide rail is horizontally fixed on the side wall of the gantry. The two second sliders are fixedly mounted on both sides of the inner wall of the corresponding hanging plate and are both slidably connected to the second guide rail. A second screw assembly is provided between the two hanging plates on the top surface of the movable plate. The second screw assembly includes a second screw and a second nut. The second screw is horizontally arranged and mounted on the gantry through a second mounting seat. The second screw is driven to rotate by a second rotating drive member. The second nut is mounted on the top surface of the movable plate and is threadedly sleeved on the second screw. The rangefinder is mounted on the bottom of the movable plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the hydraulic jacks have two, namely a downward pressure jack and an upward pressure jack. The upward pressure jack is movably placed under the flat plate, and the downward pressure jack is installed on the movable plate and moves synchronously with the movable plate. Laser indicator lights are installed at the central axis of the push rods of the downward pressure jack and the upward pressure jack.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 7, the method of fixing the standard calibration plate with a hydraulic jack and applying pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate for leveling is: When the deformation of the flat plate corresponding to the standard calibration plate is a convex deformation, first, according to the mark on the bottom surface of the flat plate, one of the standard calibration plates is attached to the corresponding position of the bottom surface of the flat plate, and the upper jack is placed below the deformation of the flat plate. The position of the upper jack is adjusted so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the upper jack is aligned with the marked through hole on the standard calibration plate. The top rod of the upper jack is moved upward to lightly press the standard calibration plate on the bottom surface of the flat plate. Then, another standard calibration plate is placed on the convex deformation of the top surface of the flat plate. The position of the standard calibration plate is adjusted so that the marked through groove is directly above the mark on the top surface of the flat plate. The downward pressing jack is moved so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the downward pressing jack is aligned with the marked through hole on the standard calibration plate. After the top rod of the downward pressing jack moves downward to contact the standard calibration plate, it continues to move downward to apply pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate to level the flat plate. When the deformation of the flat plate corresponding to the standard calibration plate is a concave deformation, first, according to the mark on the top surface of the flat plate, one of the standard calibration plates is attached to the corresponding position of the top surface of the flat plate, and the downward pressure jack is moved so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the downward pressure jack is directly aligned with the marked through hole on the standard calibration plate. The push rod of the downward pressure jack is moved downward to lightly press the standard calibration plate on the top surface of the flat plate, and then another standard calibration plate is placed on the concave deformation of the bottom surface of the flat plate. The position of the standard calibration plate is adjusted so that the marked through groove is directly below the mark on the bottom surface of the flat plate. The position of the upper jack is adjusted so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the upper jack is directly aligned with the marked through hole on the standard calibration plate. After the push rod of the upper jack moves up and contacts the standard calibration plate, it continues to move upward to apply pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate to level the flat plate.

[0016] The advantages of the present invention are: (1) The leveling method of the present invention uses a rangefinder to measure the flatness of the top surface of the plane in a serpentine route and intermittent pause manner, establishes a three-dimensional grid model of the top surface of the flat plate, and obtains the projection graphics of the deformed parts on the flat plate based on the three-dimensional grid model, so that the positions to be leveled are digitized, and a standard calibration plate is made based on this. When leveling the flat plate, the position of the standard calibration plate is clearly marked on the flat plate in advance, which effectively avoids errors in the correction position, and uses the center of the marked through hole of the standard calibration plate to limit the pressure position of the hydraulic jack, so that the hydraulic jack gradually starts to correct from the maximum deformation point of the flat plate. In addition, the standard calibration plate is equidistantly expanded by a certain distance based on the projection graphics of the deformation part, so as to prevent reverse deformation around the deformed part of the flat plate during the correction process, effectively improving the leveling effect, and no repeated positioning and correction is required, which effectively improves the leveling efficiency.

[0017] (2) The calibration method of the present invention uses the top surface of the first standard gauge block used to fix the flat plate as a reference to determine the reference height, which effectively improves the accuracy of the flatness measurement data of the top surface of the flat plate and provides a good basis for ensuring the leveling effect.

[0018] (3) When the rangefinder of the present invention measures the flatness along a serpentine route, it takes the outer edge of the first standard gauge block as the starting point, first moves along the width direction of the flat plate, moves to the outer edge of another first standard gauge block, and then turns. By adopting this movement method, when establishing a three-dimensional grid model, the coordinates of the starting point of each movement along the width direction and the coordinates at the time of turning can be used for front and back calibration, thereby improving the accuracy of the three-dimensional network model. In addition, the rangefinder pauses for 1 to 3 seconds during each measurement, which can not only eliminate the interference of the rangefinder movement on the measurement accuracy, but also maintain high measurement efficiency.

[0019] (4) In the present invention, L1=L2, that is, each time the rangefinder moves along the length direction of the plate to measure the distance L1 once, it turns and moves along the width direction. The projections of the points of the finally formed three-dimensional grid model on the x- and y-axis coordinate planes are arranged in a square matrix, which can not only reduce the error rate but also improve the processing speed of the projection graphics. In addition, when setting L1, the value is 1 to 5 times the absolute value of the maximum allowable error of the normal height. Within this range, the accuracy of the three-dimensional grid model and the degree of fit between the projection graphics and the deformation of the plate can be effectively improved, thereby improving the accuracy of the calibration position.

[0020] (5) In the present invention, the width W of the first standard gauge block is greater than 2L1. Each time the rangefinder moves along the width direction of the plate for measurement, at least two data points can be measured and obtained on the first standard gauge blocks on both sides. After the measurement, the data point set finally obtained on the first standard gauge block is corrected with the data point set being in the same plane, thereby reducing the difficulty of establishing the three-dimensional mesh model and improving the accuracy.

[0021] (6) The distance L3 that the contour line of the projection figure in the present invention expands outward equidistantly = σΔh max , σ takes a value of 1.2~1.5. Within this range, it can effectively prevent reverse deformation around the deformed plate during the correction process, and will not cause the standard plate to become larger and cause material waste.

[0022] (7) In the present invention, the inner side walls of the second standard gauge block and the first standard gauge block serve as reference surfaces when marking the position of the standard calibration plate on the flat plate, thereby improving the position accuracy of the standard calibration plate.

[0023] (8) The rangefinder of the present invention utilizes the gantry and the first screw assembly and the second screw assembly to achieve high-precision horizontal movement in the transverse and longitudinal directions.

[0024] (9) The present invention utilizes two hydraulic jacks to cooperate with each other to realize the leveling of the plate. During the leveling process, there is no need to shift or flip the plate, which is efficient and fast. The laser indicator light on the hydraulic jack is used to quickly move the hydraulic jack into position, thereby improving the operating efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 It is the layout diagram of the leveling site of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the gantry of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixed tire frame of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the leveling method of the present invention using a hydraulic jack to level the convex deformation on a flat plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation mode, structure, characteristics and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0031] Example This embodiment provides a method for leveling a ship plate, comprising the following steps: Step 1, arrange the basic tire frame: arrange the basic tire frame on the leveling site, the basic tire frame includes two fixed tire frames 1 and several movable tire frames 2, and embedded parts are set on the leveling site in advance. The fixed tire frame 1 includes a tire frame base 101 and a second standard gauge block 102. The bottom of the tire frame base 101 is welded to the embedded parts, and the second standard gauge block 102 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the tire frame base 101. The movable tire frame 2 is a cylindrical structure. The movable tire frame 2 is movably placed on the leveling site. The top surface of the second standard gauge block 102 of the fixed tire frame 1 and the top surface of the movable tire frame 2 are inspected to ensure that the top surface of the second standard gauge block 102 and the top surface of the movable tire frame 2 are on the same horizontal plane.

[0032] Step 2: Lift and install the flat panel: Use the lifting equipment to lift the flat panel and lower it to the basic frame. The two side edges of the flat panel in the width direction are supported by the second standard gauge blocks 102 on the two fixed frames 1. The middle of the flat panel is supported by the movable frame 2. Use the first standard gauge blocks 103 to fix the two sides of the flat panel on the fixed frame 1. Figure 3 As shown, a clamping groove for accommodating a flat plate is opened on the bottom surface of the first standard gauge block 103, the first standard gauge block 103 is mounted on the top surface of the second standard gauge block 102 by bolts, and the flat plate is fixed in the clamping groove, the top surface and the inner wall of the first standard gauge block 103 are inspected to ensure the horizontality of the top surface of the first standard gauge block 103, and to ensure that the inner wall of the first standard gauge block 103 and the inner wall of the second standard gauge block 102 are in the same longitudinal plane.

[0033] Step 3, measure the flatness: Use the distance meter to measure the flatness of the top surface of the plate. Before measuring, first use the top surface of the first standard gauge block as a reference to determine the reference height. The formula for determining the reference height is: H0=H m +h0 Where H0 is the reference height, unit is mm, H m is the normal height of the top surface of the first standard gauge block detected by the rangefinder, in mm, and h0 is the normal thickness of the first standard gauge block, in mm; In this embodiment, H m =906.53mm,h 0= 100mm, then H0=906.53+100=1006.53mm; The rangefinder moves horizontally along a serpentine route and measures the normal height of the top surface of the plane by intermittent pauses, measuring the normal height data once each time it pauses; The serpentine route of the rangefinder starts from the outer edge of the first standard gauge block at one corner of the plate, and pauses once after moving a distance L1 along the serpentine route, with a pause time of 1 to 3 seconds. When moving, it first moves along the width direction of the plate, moves to the outer edge of another first standard gauge block, then turns to move a distance L2 along the length direction of the plate, and then turns to move in the opposite direction along the width direction of the plate until it moves to the end of the serpentine route; where L1=L2 and L1=n|δ|, δ is the maximum allowable error of the normal height, in mm, and n is the first coefficient, with a value of 1 to 5; In this embodiment, the maximum allowable error of the normal height is ±5mm, that is, if the legal height of the top surface of the flat plate is within the range of 1001.53mm~1011.53mm, no correction is required, and if it exceeds this range, correction is required. When n is taken to be 2, L1=10mm, and the rangefinder pauses every 10mm it moves along the serpentine route, and the pause time is 2 seconds.

[0034] The width direction of the first standard gauge block is consistent with the width direction of the flat plate, and the width W of the first standard gauge block is greater than 2L1. In this embodiment, the width W of the first standard gauge block is 35 mm. Each time the rangefinder moves along the width direction of the flat plate for measurement, 3 data points can be measured and obtained on the first standard gauge blocks on both sides. After the measurement, the data point set finally obtained on the first standard gauge block is used to establish a planar three-dimensional model in the subsequent step 4. The data points obtained on the first standard gauge block are corrected in the same plane, which reduces the difficulty of establishing the three-dimensional mesh model and improves the accuracy.

[0035] Step 4, establish a three-dimensional plane model: take the starting point of the serpentine route as the origin, establish a three-dimensional coordinate axis, the x-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate axis is the width direction of the plate, the y-axis is the length direction of the plate, and the z-axis is the vertical direction. According to the displacement data and measurement data of the rangefinder, establish a three-coordinate point set, connect the points to form a three-dimensional grid model of the top surface of the plate, and according to the three-dimensional grid model, clarify the projection figure of the plate on the x- and y-axis coordinate planes where deformation occurs, and clarify the coordinates of the maximum deformation point; Step 5: Make a standard calibration plate: Expand the outline of the projection figure outward at equal distances to form the figure of the standard calibration plate. The specific method of forming the figure of the standard calibration plate is as follows: L3=σΔh max Among them, L3 is the distance that the contour line of the projected figure expands outward equidistantly, in mm, σ is the second coefficient, ranging from 1.2 to 1.5, Δh max is the maximum deformation at the flat plate deformation point corresponding to the projection figure, in mm; When the flat plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure is concave, Δh max =H max -H0, where H max is the maximum normal height of the plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure, in mm; When the flat plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure is a convex deformation, Δh max =H0-H min , where H min It is the minimum normal height of the plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure, in mm.

[0036] In this embodiment, taking a concave deformation on a flat plate as an example, the maximum normal height H of the concave deformation is max =1015.64mm, then Δh max =1015.64-1006.53=9.11mm, σ is 1.3, calculate L3=1.3×9.11=11.843mm; Taking a convex deformation on a flat plate as an example, the minimum normal height H of the convex deformation is max =992.56mm, then Δh max =1006.53-992.56=13.97mm, σ is 1.3, and L3 is calculated to be 1.3×13.97=18.161mm.

[0037] The standard calibration plate is manufactured according to the pattern of the standard calibration plate. Two standard calibration plates are manufactured for each pattern of the standard calibration plate. Marking through grooves are opened at different positions on the edge of each standard calibration plate. There are three marking through grooves. Marking through holes are drilled at the coordinates of the maximum deformation point on the standard calibration plate. Step 6, mark the position of the calibration plate: mark the position of the marking groove of each standard calibration plate on the top and bottom surfaces of the flat plate respectively. When marking, use the inner side wall of the first standard gauge block 103 as the reference plane for marking the position of the marking groove of each standard calibration plate on the top surface of the flat plate, and the inner side wall of the second standard gauge block 104 as the reference plane for marking the position of the marking groove of each standard calibration plate on the bottom surface of the flat plate.

[0038] Step 7, flat plate leveling: according to the position of the mark of the through groove, place a corresponding standard calibration plate on the top and bottom surfaces of the flat plate, and fix them with a hydraulic jack. The center axis of the hydraulic jack's push rod and the center of the marked through hole of the standard calibration plate are required to be in the same straight line. Use the hydraulic jack to apply pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate to complete the flat plate leveling; There are two hydraulic jacks used in this step, namely a downward pressure jack and an upward pressure jack. The upward pressure jack is movably placed under the flat plate, and the downward pressure jack is located above the flat plate. Laser indicator lights are installed at the central axis of the push rods of the downward pressure jack and the upward pressure jack.

[0039] The method of using a hydraulic jack to fix the standard calibration plate and apply pressure to the plate through the standard calibration plate for leveling is: like Figure 4 As shown, when the deformation of the flat plate corresponding to the standard calibration plate is a convex deformation, firstly, according to the mark on the bottom surface of the flat plate, one of the standard calibration plates is attached to the corresponding position of the bottom surface of the flat plate, and the upper jack is placed below the deformation of the flat plate, and the position of the upper jack is adjusted so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the upper jack is aligned with the marked through hole on the standard calibration plate, and the top rod of the upper jack is moved upward to lightly press the standard calibration plate on the bottom surface of the flat plate, and then another standard calibration plate is placed on the convex deformation of the top surface of the flat plate, and the position of the standard calibration plate is adjusted so that the marked through groove is directly above the mark on the top surface of the flat plate, and the pressing jack 5 is moved so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the pressing jack 5 is aligned with the marked through hole on the standard calibration plate, and after the top rod of the pressing jack 5 moves downward to contact the standard calibration plate, it continues to move downward to apply pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate to level the flat plate; When the deformation of the flat plate corresponding to the standard calibration plate is a concave deformation, first, according to the mark on the top surface of the flat plate, one of the standard calibration plates is attached to the corresponding position of the top surface of the flat plate, and the downward pressure jack is moved so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the downward pressure jack is directly aligned with the marked through hole on the standard calibration plate. The push rod of the downward pressure jack is moved downward to lightly press the standard calibration plate on the top surface of the flat plate, and then another standard calibration plate is placed on the concave deformation of the bottom surface of the flat plate. The position of the standard calibration plate is adjusted so that the marked through groove is directly below the mark on the bottom surface of the flat plate. The position of the upper jack is adjusted so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the upper jack is directly aligned with the marked through hole on the standard calibration plate. After the push rod of the upper jack moves up and contacts the standard calibration plate, it continues to move upward to apply pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate to level the flat plate.

[0040] Step 8. Re-measure the flatness of the plate: After all deformed parts of the plate are leveled, remove the hydraulic jack and the standard calibration plate, and re-measure the flatness of the plate according to step 3 to ensure that the plate is leveled properly.

[0041] In this embodiment, Figure 1-2 As shown, the rangefinder 4 is arranged above the basic tire frame through the gantry 3; the two sides of the gantry 3 are movably installed on the leveling ground through a first screw assembly 6, the first screw assembly 6 includes a first screw and a first nut, the first screw is horizontally arranged, and is installed on the leveling ground through a first mounting seat, the first screw is driven to rotate by a first rotating drive member, the first nut is installed at the bottom of the gantry 3, and is threadedly sleeved on the first screw, and a first guide assembly 7 is provided on both sides of each first screw assembly, the first guide assembly 7 includes a first guide rail and two first sliders, the first guide rail is horizontally fixed on the leveling ground, the two first sliders are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the gantry, and are both slidably connected to the first guide rail, and the extension direction of the first guide rail is parallel to the central axis of the first screw.

[0042] The rangefinder 4 is movably mounted on the gantry 3 through a movable plate 8, and the moving direction of the rangefinder 4 on the gantry is perpendicular to the moving direction of the gantry. The movable plate 8 is arranged below the gantry 3. Two hanging plates 801 arranged in parallel are arranged on the top surface of the movable plate 8. The two hanging plates 801 are respectively located on both sides of the gantry 3, and each is movably connected to the gantry 3 through a second guide assembly 10. The second guide assembly 10 includes a second guide rail and two second sliders. The second guide rail is horizontally fixed on the side wall of the gantry, and the two second sliders are fixedly mounted on both sides of the inner side wall of the corresponding hanging plate. , and are all slidably connected with the second guide rail. A second screw assembly 9 is provided between the two hanging plates on the top surface of the movable plate 8. The second screw assembly 9 includes a second screw and a second nut. The second screw is horizontally arranged and mounted on the gantry 3 through a second mounting seat. The second screw is driven to rotate by a second rotating driving member. The second nut is mounted on the top surface of the movable plate 8 and is threadedly sleeved on the second screw. The extension direction of the second guide rail is parallel to the central axis of the second screw and is perpendicular to the central axis of the first screw. The rangefinder 4 and the downward pressure jack 5 are jointly mounted at the bottom of the movable plate 8.

[0043] Before arranging the basic tire frame in step 1, it is necessary to calibrate the moving direction of the gantry at the leveling site and the moving direction of the mobile frame on the gantry in advance to ensure that the moving directions are horizontal and perpendicular to each other, and adjust the installation position of the rangefinder and the downward pressure jack on the mobile frame to ensure verticality; when arranging the fixed tire frame, the arrangement direction of the fixed tire frame is parallel to the moving direction of the gantry. When arranging, the first guide rail can be used as a reference to measure the distance between the second standard gauge block on the tire frame base and the first guide rail to adjust the placement position of the fixed tire frame.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first rotation driving member and the second rotation driving member are both rotary motors, and other devices with a rotation driving function may be used.

[0045] The leveling method of the present invention uses a rangefinder to measure the flatness of the top surface of the plane in a serpentine route and intermittent pause manner, establishes a three-dimensional grid model of the top surface of the flat plate, and obtains the projection graphics of the deformed parts of the flat plate according to the three-dimensional grid model, so that the position to be leveled is digitized, and a standard calibration plate is made based on this. When leveling the flat plate, the position of the standard calibration plate is clearly marked on the flat plate in advance, which effectively avoids errors in the correction position, and the center of the marked through hole of the standard calibration plate is used to limit the pressure position of the hydraulic jack, so that the hydraulic jack gradually starts to correct from the maximum deformation point of the flat plate, and the standard calibration plate is equidistantly expanded by a certain distance based on the projection graphics of the deformation part, so as to prevent reverse deformation around the deformation part of the flat plate during the correction process, and effectively improve the leveling effect. The flat plate is leveled by using two hydraulic jacks to cooperate with each other. During the leveling process, there is no need to shift or flip the flat plate, which is efficient and fast. The laser indicator light on the hydraulic jack is used to quickly move the hydraulic jack into place, and there is no need for repeated positioning and correction, which effectively improves the leveling efficiency.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for leveling a ship plate, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, arranging the basic tire frame: arranging the basic tire frame on the leveling site, the basic tire frame includes two fixed tire frames and several movable tire frames, setting embedded parts on the leveling site in advance, the fixed tire frame is fixedly connected with the embedded parts, and the movable tire frame is movably placed on the leveling site, and the top surfaces of the fixed tire frame and the movable tire frame are inspected to ensure that the top surfaces of the fixed tire frame and the movable tire frame are on the same horizontal plane; Step 2, hoisting and installing the flat plate: use the hoisting equipment to lift the flat plate and lower it to the basic tire frame, the two side edges of the flat plate in the width direction are supported by the fixed tire frame, and the middle of the flat plate is supported by the movable tire frame. Use the first standard gauge block to fix the two sides of the flat plate on the fixed tire frame, and detect the top surface of the first standard gauge block to ensure the horizontality of the top surface of the first standard gauge block; Step 3, measuring flatness: Use a rangefinder to measure the flatness of the top surface of the flat plate. Before measuring, first use the top surface of the first standard gauge block as a reference to determine the reference height. The rangefinder moves horizontally along a serpentine route and uses an intermittent pause method to measure the normal height of the top surface of the plane. The normal height data is measured every time it pauses. Step 4, establish a three-dimensional plane model: take the starting point of the serpentine route as the origin, establish a three-dimensional coordinate axis, the x-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate axis is the width direction of the plate, the y-axis is the length direction of the plate, and the z-axis is the vertical direction. According to the displacement data and measurement data of the rangefinder, establish a three-coordinate point set, connect the points to form a three-dimensional grid model of the top surface of the plate, and according to the three-dimensional grid model, clarify the projection figure of the plate on the x- and y-axis coordinate planes where deformation occurs, and clarify the coordinates of the maximum deformation point; Step 5, making a standard calibration plate: Based on the outline of the projection figure, the standard calibration plate is expanded outward at equal distances to form the figure of the standard calibration plate. The standard calibration plate is made according to the figure of the standard calibration plate. Two standard calibration plates are made for each figure of the standard calibration plate, and marking grooves are opened at different positions on the edge of each standard calibration plate. There are at least three marking grooves, and marking holes are drilled at the coordinates of the maximum deformation point on the standard calibration plate; Step 6, mark the position of the calibration plate: mark the position of the marking slot of each standard calibration plate on the top and bottom surfaces of the flat plate respectively; Step 7, flat plate leveling: according to the position of the mark of the through groove, place a corresponding standard calibration plate on the top and bottom surfaces of the flat plate, and fix them with a hydraulic jack. The center axis of the hydraulic jack's push rod and the center of the marked through hole of the standard calibration plate are required to be in the same straight line. Use the hydraulic jack to apply pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate to complete the flat plate leveling; Step 8. Re-measure the flatness of the plate: After all deformed parts of the plate are leveled, remove the hydraulic jack and the standard calibration plate, and re-measure the flatness of the plate according to step 3 to ensure that the plate is leveled properly.

2. The ship flat plate leveling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the formula for determining the reference height is: <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">H0=H<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> m <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> +h0 Among them, H0 is the reference height, unit is mm, H m is the normal height of the top surface of the first standard gauge block detected by the rangefinder, in mm, and h0 is the normal thickness of the first standard gauge block, in mm.

3. The ship flat plate leveling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 3, the serpentine route of the rangefinder starts from the outer edge of the first standard gauge block at a corner of the flat plate, pauses once after moving a distance L1 along the serpentine route, and the pause time is 1 to 3 seconds. When moving, it first moves along the width direction of the flat plate, moves to the outer edge of another first standard gauge block, then turns to move a distance L2 in the length direction of the flat plate, turns to move in the opposite direction along the width direction of the flat plate, until it moves to the end of the serpentine route.

4. The method for leveling a ship plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: L1=L2 and L 1= n|δ|, where δ is the maximum allowable error in normal height, in mm, and n is the first coefficient, with a value of 1 to 5.

5. The method for leveling a ship plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width direction of the first standard gauge block is consistent with the width direction of the flat plate, and the width W of the first standard gauge block is greater than 2L1.

6. The method for leveling a ship plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 5, the specific method of forming the graphics of the standard calibration plate is: L3=σΔh max Among them, L3 is the distance that the contour line of the projected figure expands outward equidistantly, in mm, σ is the second coefficient, ranging from 1.2 to 1.5, Δh max is the maximum deformation at the flat plate deformation point corresponding to the projection figure, in mm; When the flat plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure is concave, Δh max =H max -H0, where H max is the maximum normal height of the plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure, in mm; When the flat plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure is a convex deformation, Δh max =H0-H min , where H min It is the minimum normal height of the plate deformation corresponding to the projection figure, in mm.

7. The method for leveling a ship plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed tire frame comprises a tire frame base and a second standard gauge block, the second standard gauge block is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the tire frame base, and the top surface of the second standard gauge block and the top surface of the movable tire frame are on the same horizontal plane; A clamping groove for accommodating a flat plate is provided on the bottom surface of the first standard gauge block, the first standard gauge block is mounted on the top surface of the second standard gauge block by bolts, and the flat plate is fixed in the clamping groove, the inner side wall of the first standard gauge block and the inner side wall of the second standard gauge block are in the same longitudinal plane, the inner side wall of the first standard gauge block is a reference surface for marking the position of the marking through groove of each standard calibration plate on the top surface of the flat plate, and the inner side wall of the second standard gauge block is a reference surface for marking the position of the marking through groove of each standard calibration plate on the bottom surface of the flat plate.

8. The method for leveling a ship plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance meter is arranged above the basic tire frame through a gantry; The two sides of the gantry are each movably mounted on the leveling ground through a first screw assembly, the first screw assembly includes a first screw and a first nut, the first screw is horizontally arranged and is mounted on the leveling ground through a first mounting seat, the first screw is driven to rotate by a first rotating drive member, the first nut is mounted on the bottom of the gantry and is threadedly sleeved on the first screw, a first guide assembly is respectively arranged on both sides of each first screw assembly, the first guide assembly includes a first guide rail and two first sliders, the first guide rail is horizontally fixed on the leveling ground, the two first sliders are fixedly mounted on both sides of the bottom of the gantry, and are both slidably connected to the first guide rail; The rangefinder is movably mounted on the gantry through a movable plate, and the moving direction is perpendicular to the moving direction of the gantry. The movable plate is arranged below the gantry. Two hanging plates arranged in parallel are arranged on the top surface of the movable plate. The two hanging plates are respectively located on both sides of the gantry and are movably connected to the gantry through a second guide assembly. The second guide assembly includes a second guide rail and two second sliders. The second guide rail is horizontally fixed on the side wall of the gantry. The two second sliders are fixedly mounted on both sides of the inner wall of the corresponding hanging plate and are both slidably connected to the second guide rail. A second screw assembly is provided between the two hanging plates on the top surface of the movable plate. The second screw assembly includes a second screw and a second nut. The second screw is horizontally arranged and mounted on the gantry through a second mounting seat. The second screw is driven to rotate by a second rotating drive member. The second nut is mounted on the top surface of the movable plate and is threadedly sleeved on the second screw. The rangefinder is mounted on the bottom of the movable plate.

9. The method for leveling a ship plate according to claim 8, characterized in that: The hydraulic jacks include two, namely a downward pressure jack and an upward pressure jack. The upward pressure jack is movably placed under the flat plate, and the downward pressure jack is installed on the moving plate and moves synchronously with the moving plate. Laser indicator lights are installed at the central axis of the push rods of the downward pressure jack and the upward pressure jack.

10. The method for leveling a ship plate according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 7, the method of fixing the standard calibration plate with a hydraulic jack and applying pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate for leveling is: When the deformation of the flat plate corresponding to the standard calibration plate is a convex deformation, first, according to the mark on the bottom surface of the flat plate, one of the standard calibration plates is attached to the corresponding position of the bottom surface of the flat plate, and the upper jack is placed below the deformation of the flat plate. The position of the upper jack is adjusted so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the upper jack is aligned with the marked through hole on the standard calibration plate. The top rod of the upper jack is moved upward to lightly press the standard calibration plate on the bottom surface of the flat plate. Then, another standard calibration plate is placed on the convex deformation of the top surface of the flat plate. The position of the standard calibration plate is adjusted so that the marked through groove is directly above the mark on the top surface of the flat plate. The downward pressing jack is moved so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the downward pressing jack is aligned with the marked through hole on the standard calibration plate. After the top rod of the downward pressing jack moves downward to contact the standard calibration plate, it continues to move downward to apply pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate to level the flat plate. When the deformation of the flat plate corresponding to the standard calibration plate is a concave deformation, first, according to the mark on the top surface of the flat plate, one of the standard calibration plates is attached to the corresponding position of the top surface of the flat plate, and the downward pressure jack is moved so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the downward pressure jack is directly aligned with the marked through hole on the standard calibration plate. The push rod of the downward pressure jack is moved downward to lightly press the standard calibration plate on the top surface of the flat plate, and then another standard calibration plate is placed on the concave deformation of the bottom surface of the flat plate. The position of the standard calibration plate is adjusted so that the marked through groove is directly below the mark on the bottom surface of the flat plate. The position of the upper jack is adjusted so that the laser emitted by the laser indicator of the upper jack is directly aligned with the marked through hole on the standard calibration plate. After the push rod of the upper jack moves up and contacts the standard calibration plate, it continues to move upward to apply pressure to the flat plate through the standard calibration plate to level the flat plate.

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