Device and method for plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial additive manufacturing of high entropy alloys

Abstract

The present invention discloses an apparatus and method for plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloys, belonging to the field of arc additive manufacturing. The apparatus of the present invention comprises a plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun; the welding gun comprises a copper nozzle with an ion gas port in the middle, a welding gun housing, and a powder feeding housing; wire feeding ports are arranged at the front and rear ends of the ion gas port, and powder feeding ports are arranged at the left and right ends of the ion gas port; a shielding gas outlet is arranged on the outer side of the copper nozzle; the copper nozzle is located at the bottom end of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun and is connected to the welding gun housing. A second channel between the ion gas port and the powder feeding housing is used to inject powder; through holes are respectively provided on both side surfaces of the welding gun housing and the powder feeding housing, and the through holes are used to feed welding wire, which is fed into the wire feeding port through the second channel. The apparatus of the present invention can accurately control the ratio of multiple main elements through a dual wire feeding system and a coaxial dual powder feeding system, ensuring the compositional uniformity and high quality of the high-entropy alloy, and is suitable for mass production and large-scale application of high-entropy alloys.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of arc additive manufacturing, and in particular relates to a device and method for manufacturing high entropy alloys by coaxial additive manufacturing of multiple wire powders using a plasma arc. Background Art

[0002] High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have garnered widespread attention across multiple fields due to their unique multi-element composition and exceptional performance. Compared to conventional alloys, HEAs possess superior high-temperature strength, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, mechanical properties, and thermal stability, making them irreplaceable for applications in extreme environments. However, existing HEAs manufacturing methods are plagued by high costs and complex processes, necessitating the urgent need for new manufacturing technologies to improve production efficiency and reduce costs.

[0003] Currently, laser powder cladding is the primary method for additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloys (HEAs), and several related patents have been filed. However, the high cost and relatively low efficiency of laser powder cladding make it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale industrial applications. Therefore, finding a lower-cost, more efficient additive manufacturing method, especially in the field of HEAs, is particularly important.

[0004] Arc additive manufacturing technology has attracted widespread attention due to its advantages such as low equipment cost and high deposition efficiency, but it is not suitable for the preparation of high-entropy alloys with complex compositions. To solve this problem, an apparatus and method for plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloys were proposed. This technology innovatively feeds different types of metal powders on the left and right sides of the plasma arc, and different types of welding wires on the front and back sides. Through this multi-wire and multi-powder coaxial supply mode, precise composition control and efficient additive manufacturing of multi-principal element high-entropy alloys are achieved. This apparatus and method not only overcome the problems of high cost and low efficiency of traditional laser powder deposition, but also have higher composition control capabilities and material adaptability than traditional single-wire and dual-wire arc additive manufacturing, making it particularly suitable for the preparation of high-entropy alloys.

[0005] Fe 40 Ni 40 Cr 10 Mn 10 The alloy has excellent tensile strength and hardness. It also has good corrosion resistance, thermal stability and oxidation resistance. At the same time, the alloy maintains good plasticity and toughness while ensuring high strength. It can work for a long time in high temperature environment and is suitable for extreme temperature conditions such as aerospace and energy fields. High content of Fe and Ni has good weldability and is suitable for making welding wire materials, while low content of Cr and Mn is suitable for making powder. Plasma arc multi-wire and multi-powder additive manufacturing of Fe 40 Ni 40 Cr 10 Mn10 Alloys are more efficient and cost-effective than traditional laser powder additive manufacturing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a device for plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial additive manufacturing of high entropy alloys. The device includes a plasma arc welding gun, a dual wire feeding system, a coaxial dual powder feeding system, a gas protection system and a control system. The various devices work closely together to ensure an efficient and stable additive manufacturing process.

[0007] The present invention provides a plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun, comprising a tungsten electrode, a sleeve, a multi-wire powder coaxial copper nozzle, an ion gas shell, a powder feeding shell, and a welding gun shell; an ion gas outlet is provided in the middle of the multi-wire powder coaxial copper nozzle, a first wire feeding port and a second wire feeding port are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the ion gas outlet, and a first powder feeding port and a second powder feeding port are arranged at the left end and the right end of the ion gas outlet; the first wire feeding port, the second wire feeding port, the first powder feeding port and the second powder feeding port are evenly arranged around the ion gas outlet; a shielding gas outlet is provided on the outer side of the multi-wire powder coaxial copper nozzle, and the shielding gas outlet is located between the multi-wire powder coaxial copper nozzle and the welding gun shell; the multi-wire powder coaxial copper nozzle is located at the bottom end of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun and is connected to the welding gun shell; a shielding gas outlet is nested inside the welding gun shell. A powder shell, a third channel between the powder feeding shell and the welding gun shell is used for injecting shielding gas; an ion gas shell is nested inside the powder feeding shell, and a second channel between the ion gas shell and the powder feeding shell is used for injecting a first powder and a second powder, and the first powder and the second powder are respectively sent out through the first powder feeding port and the second powder feeding port of the multi-wire powder coaxial copper nozzle; the first channel inside the ion gas shell is used for injecting ion gas; the ion gas shell is an internal hollow structure for injecting cooling water; a sleeve is arranged on the outside of the tungsten electrode, and the sleeve is located in the ion gas shell; through holes are respectively provided on both side surfaces of the welding gun shell and the powder feeding shell, and the through holes are used for feeding in the first welding wire and the second welding wire, and the first welding wire and the second welding wire are respectively fed into the first wire feeding port and the second wire feeding port through the second channel.

[0008] Furthermore, the sleeve is made of a non-conductive and high-temperature resistant material.

[0009] Furthermore, the second channel of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun is provided with a partition for separating the first powder, the second powder, the first welding wire and the second welding wire; the channels for conveying the first powder, the second powder, the first welding wire and the second welding wire are independent of each other.

[0010] Furthermore, the diameter of the ion gas outlet of the multi-wire powder coaxial copper nozzle is 5 to 7 mm, the diameter of the first wire feeding port and the second wire feeding port is 2 to 3 mm, the diameter of the first powder feeding port and the second powder feeding port is 2 to 3 mm, and the distance between the first wire feeding port and the second wire feeding port is 15 to 20 mm; the distance between the first powder feeding port and the second powder feeding port is 15 to 20 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the angle between the first welding wire and the second welding wire fed out of the first wire feeding port and the second wire feeding port and the tungsten electrode is 45° to 60°; the angle between the powder and the tungsten electrode is 45° to 60°.

[0012] The present invention further provides an additive manufacturing device for a plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun, comprising the above-mentioned plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun and a multi-wire powder coaxial welding power supply; the positive pole of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding power supply is connected to the tungsten electrode, and the negative pole is connected to the substrate; the ion gas shell is connected to the cooling water mechanism; the first channel of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun is connected to the ion gas supply system; a first powder feeding mechanism is arranged on the top surface of one end of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun, and a second powder feeding mechanism is arranged on the top surface of the other end, and the first powder feeding mechanism and the second powder feeding mechanism are connected to the second channel; the third channel of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun is connected to the shielding gas system; a first wire feeding mechanism is arranged at one end of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun, located at the top end of the first welding wire; a second wire feeding mechanism is arranged at the other end of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun, located at the top end of the second welding wire; the first welding wire and the second welding wire pass through the welding gun shell and the powder feeding shell from the outside to the inside, enter the second channel, and are fed out through the first wire feeding port and the second wire feeding port.

[0013] The present invention further provides a method for coaxially adding powders using a plasma arc to produce a high entropy alloy, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Fix the pre-treated substrate on the additive manufacturing workbench and connect the plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial additive manufacturing device; the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun is installed above the substrate;

[0015] Step 2: Select appropriate welding wire and powder based on the required high-entropy alloy material composition; the first wire feeding mechanism and the second wire feeding mechanism at both ends of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun are respectively loaded with the same or different types of welding wire, and the first powder feeding mechanism and the second powder feeding mechanism are respectively loaded with the same or different types of metal powder;

[0016] Step 3: Set the process parameters of the multi-filament powder coaxial additive manufacturing device based on the geometric structure and material composition distribution of the target part;

[0017] Step 4: Turn on the ion gas supply system and the shielding gas system to form a stable shielding atmosphere; turn on the cooling water mechanism and start the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun; simultaneously start the control wire feeding mechanism and the powder feeding mechanism, and the welding wire in the first wire feeding mechanism and the second wire feeding mechanism at both ends of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun is synchronously transported with the powder in the first powder feeding mechanism and the second powder feeding mechanism; the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun generates a high-temperature plasma arc, and the welding wire and powder are melted at the same time and deposited on the substrate, and the target parts are stacked layer by layer.

[0018] Furthermore, the distance between the multi-wire powder coaxial copper nozzle of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun and the upper surface of the substrate is 3 to 4 mm.

[0019] Furthermore, in step 2, the diameter of the welding wire is 0.8 mm; and the particle size of the powder is 10 to 100 μm.

[0020] Furthermore, in step 3, the welding process parameters are set according to actual conditions, the welding current is 150-200 A, the welding voltage is 20-25 V; the wire feeding speed is 1-4 m / min, the powder feeding speed is 2-10 g / min; the powder feeding argon gas flow rate is 5-8 L / min, the ion gas flow rate of the ion gas supply system is 0.5-1 L / min, and the shielding gas flow rate of the shielding gas system is 10-12 L / min.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] (1) The present invention provides a plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun and a device for additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloys. By innovatively adopting a multi-wire and multi-powder coaxial feeding method, the shortcomings of existing laser powder cladding technology, such as high cost and low efficiency, are effectively overcome. Compared with traditional single-wire or dual-wire arc additive manufacturing, the present invention has stronger material adaptability and composition control capabilities while ensuring efficient melting. Through the dual-wire feeding system and the coaxial dual-powder feeding system, the ratio of multiple main elements can be accurately controlled to ensure the composition uniformity and high quality of the high-entropy alloy, which is particularly suitable for the mass production and large-scale application of high-entropy alloys.

[0023] (2) The present invention proposes a low-cost plasma arc additive manufacturing method for Fe 40 Ni 40 Cr 10 Mn 10 A new approach to high-entropy alloys that enables precise control of Fe 40 Ni 40 Cr 10 Mn 10The alloy's multi-element composition ensures uniform composition and sufficient melting, addressing the high cost and low efficiency issues inherent in existing high-entropy alloy manufacturing processes. Furthermore, this method leverages the high-temperature effects of a plasma arc and precise material delivery to ensure the superior properties of the high-entropy alloy, including excellent corrosion resistance, high-temperature strength, and mechanical properties. This significantly enhances the alloy's potential for application in extreme environments, particularly in high-tech fields such as aerospace, energy, and military. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial additive manufacturing high entropy alloy device;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial additive manufacturing high entropy alloy Fe 40 Ni 40 Cr 10 Mn 10 Process diagram.

[0026] Among them: 1-first argon powder feeder, 2-second argon powder feeder, 3-cooling water tank, 4-ion gas, 5-shielding gas, 6-copper nozzle, 7 first powder feeding outlet, 8-second powder feeding outlet, 9-first powder, 10-second powder, 11-welding gun housing, 12-first wire feeder, 13-second wire feeder, 14-first welding wire, 15-second welding wire, 16-tungsten electrode, 17-ceramic sleeve, 18-plasma arc, 19-multi-wire powder coaxial copper nozzle, 20-first wire feeding outlet, 21-second wire feeding outlet, 22-first powder feeding outlet, 23-second powder feeding outlet, 24-shielding gas outlet, 25-welding gun housing, 26-ion gas outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and implementation cases, which is intended to help understand the technical solution of the present invention, but does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] The present invention discloses a device for coaxially additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloys using a plasma arc multi-wire powder process. The plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun is the core component of the device, responsible for generating a high-temperature plasma arc to melt the fed welding wire and powder, ensuring that the powder is stably fed into the molten pool and is not blown away by airflow interference. The multi-channel wire feeding system supports the simultaneous feeding of different types of welding wire, with welding wires fed from the front and rear sides respectively, ensuring that the multi-element component requirements of the high-entropy alloy are met. The system precisely cooperates with the welding gun and, by adjusting the wire feeding speed and position, achieves precise control of the element ratios in the molten pool, ensuring that the multiple main elements are evenly melted and distributed, ultimately obtaining a high-entropy alloy that meets the design requirements. The coaxial powder feeding system is designed to coaxially feed different metal powders into the molten pool, with the left and right powder feeding ports operating simultaneously to ensure that the elements in the molten pool are evenly mixed. To prevent the powder from being affected by airflow during transportation, the system uses an airflow control device to ensure that the powder is stably fed into the molten pool without being blown away, avoiding waste and loss. The role of the gas shielding system is to protect the molten pool during the additive manufacturing process, preventing the high-entropy alloy from reacting with oxygen or nitrogen in the air, and avoiding oxidation or the incorporation of impurities. By precisely controlling the gas flow, the gas shielding system can provide adequate protection throughout the entire processing process, ensuring the purity and quality of the high-entropy alloy. The control system is responsible for automatically adjusting the key parameters of the entire additive manufacturing process, including wire feed speed, powder feed rate, plasma arc current and voltage, and gas flow rate. The system has a dynamic adjustment function, which precisely controls various parameters according to actual process requirements, ensuring the stability and consistency of the entire manufacturing process, and ultimately producing high-entropy alloy components that meet the design requirements.

[0029] The present invention discloses a method for manufacturing a high entropy alloy by coaxial additive manufacturing of a plasma arc multi-wire powder, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0030] Step 1: Select appropriate welding wire and powder based on the desired high-entropy alloy material composition. Load the left and right wire feeders with different types of welding wire, and the powder feeder system with a variety of metal powders. Check the shielding gas system to ensure adequate shielding gas supply to prevent oxidation or other impurities from entering.

[0031] Step 2: Start the control system and set the welding parameters. This includes key parameters such as the plasma arc current and voltage, wire feed speed, powder feed rate, and gas flow rate. Adjust the plasma arc torch temperature and energy to suit the melting of the multi-element high-entropy alloy.

[0032] Step 3: The control system activates the wire and powder feeders, ensuring that the multi-channel wire feed system and the coaxial powder feed system operate simultaneously. Different welding wires are fed into the left and right sides, while the left and right sides of the powder feed system simultaneously deliver different metal powders. At this point, the plasma arc welding gun generates a high-temperature plasma arc, melting the wire and powder simultaneously to form a uniform molten pool.

[0033] Step 4: During the molten pool formation process, the wire feeding speed and powder feeding amount are adjusted in real time to ensure that the ratio of different elements in the molten pool meets the design requirements.

[0034] Step 5: The gas shielding system provides a stable protective atmosphere around the molten pool, preventing oxygen, nitrogen, and other impurities from entering the pool. By precisely controlling the shielding gas flow and pressure, the high-entropy alloy in the molten pool is protected from oxidation, maintaining the purity of the alloy. Simultaneously, the airflow control device ensures that the powder enters the molten pool smoothly without being disturbed or blown away by the airflow.

[0035] Step 6: By controlling the welding torch's path and welding speed, the high-entropy alloy material is deposited layer by layer. The melting and solidification processes between each layer are maintained uniformly, ensuring the material's density and strength. This process can be repeated until the component reaches the designed size and shape.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] Combine Figure 1 The structure and use of the plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial additive manufacturing high entropy alloy device are described. Figure 1 As shown, Fe 40 Ni 40 Cr 10 Mn 10Taking high-entropy alloys as an example, the core components of a plasma arc welding gun include the gun housing 11, tungsten electrode 16, ceramic sleeve 17, multi-wire powder coaxial copper nozzle 19, and ion gas outlet 26. The tungsten electrode 16 is a key component in generating the plasma arc 18. The high temperature of the plasma arc 18 melts the Fe and Ni wires, as well as the Cr and Mn powders. The wire and powder feed angles are aligned, with a 45-60° angle for both feeding the wire and powder. This ensures that both the wire and powder melt near the tungsten electrode and enter the plasma arc together, avoiding uneven heat distribution and powder loss caused by melting multiple wires and powders. The wire and powder feed ports both have diameters of 2-3 mm, ensuring stable gas and powder discharge. With the tungsten electrode as the center, the wire feed openings are symmetrically distributed along the tungsten electrode, and the powder feed openings are also symmetrically distributed along the tungsten electrode. The distance between the two wire feed openings is 15 to 20 mm, and the distance between the two powder feed openings is the same as the distance between the two wire feed openings. The line connecting the wire feed openings and the powder feed openings is perpendicular to each other. Powder material is introduced through an argon powder feeder at the top of the welding gun. The argon powder feeder provides auxiliary argon gas to ensure that the powder is not disturbed and blown away by the airflow during feeding into the molten pool. The first powder feed outlet 7 and the second powder feed outlet 8 respectively feed Cr powder and Mn powder from the left and right sides of the welding gun. The two powders are fed into the molten pool by precisely controlled airflow to ensure uniform mixing of the elements. The first wire feeder 12 and the second wire feeder 13 are used to transport Fe wire and Ni wire, respectively. These two wires enter the plasma arc region through the first wire feed outlet 20 and the second wire feed outlet 21, and are accumulated layer by layer to form a high-entropy alloy. The coordination between the wire feeder and the powder feeding system is precisely regulated by the control system to ensure that the powder and wire enter the molten pool in proportion, thereby achieving melting and uniform distribution of the different elements. Ion gas 4 enters the welding area through the ion gas outlet 26 to maintain stable arc combustion, and shielding gas 5 protects the molten pool from oxidation and impurity contamination through the shielding gas outlet 24. The cooling water tank 3 provides cooling for the welding gun, maintaining the stability of the equipment during welding, ensuring that the temperature of the welding gun is controlled within a reasonable range, and avoiding equipment damage or welding quality problems caused by overheating. The plasma arc 18 adjusts its energy output by controlling the changes in current and voltage to adapt to different metal materials and process requirements. In particular, in the manufacturing process of high-entropy alloys, it is necessary to maintain the stability and uniformity of the plasma arc. The position design of the first powder feed outlet 22 and the second powder feed outlet 23 is opposite to the first wire feed outlet 20 and the second wire feed outlet 21, so that the powder and welding wire can be melted simultaneously under the action of the plasma arc, forming a uniform molten pool and ensuring that all elements are fully fused at high temperatures. By controlling the speed and ratio of powder and wire feeding and the energy of the plasma arc, precise control of multiple main elements can be achieved, forming a high-entropy alloy component with uniform composition and dense structure.

[0038] Combine Figure 2 Description Plasma Arc Multi-Wire Powder Coaxial Additive Manufacturing Fe 40 Ni 40 Cr 10 Mn10 The manufacturing steps of high entropy alloy:

[0039] Preparation before welding:

[0040] Choose low-cost, low-carbon steel with good thermal conductivity as the base plate 29. Ensure the welding area is clean and free of contamination, and remove any oxide layers or impurities on the metal surface. Use Fe wire, Ni wire, Cr powder, and Mn powder as filler materials. Based on the Fe40Ni40Cr10Mn10 alloy to be prepared, the mass ratio of Fe, Ni, Cr, and Mn is 4:4:1:1. For two wires with a 1.2 mm diameter, set the wire feed speed to 2 m / min (17.8 g / min) for the Fe wire, 1.77 m / min (17.8 g / min) for the Ni wire, 4.45 g / min (4.45 g / min) for the Cr powder, and 4.45 g / min (4.45 g / min) for the Mn powder. Check the plasma welding gun 27 and power supply, specifically including the plasma arc welder 28, wire feeding system, powder feeding system, gas shielding system, and cooling system, to ensure proper function. Set the plasma arc power supply current to 150-200 A and the voltage to 20-25 V. Set the powder feed argon gas flow rate to 5-8 L / min to ensure stable powder delivery into the weld pool and prevent airflow interference. Set the welding speed to 2-4 mm / s. Adjust the argon shielding gas flow rate to 10-12 L / min to ensure adequate protection of the weld pool and prevent oxidation. Set the ion gas flow rate to 0.5-1 L / min to stabilize the plasma arc and enhance the arc's melting capacity.

[0041] Additive Manufacturing Process:

[0042] Turn on the plasma welding machine, turn on the plasma gas and shielding gas devices, start the plasma arc, and after the arc stabilizes, open the plasma arc. At the beginning of welding, feed the wire and powder into the molten pool at the preset speed. Start with the powder feeding argon gas flow rate of 5L / min and gradually increase it until the powder is stably fed and melts at the same position as the Fe wire and Ni wire. The optimal melting height is when the powder droplet and the wire droplet are at the same level.

[0043] The additive manufacturing method of the present invention achieves precise control and efficient manufacturing of multiple main elements through multi-wire powder coaxial feeding technology, avoids the problems of low powder utilization and high cost in traditional laser powder cladding, and significantly improves the composition uniformity and mechanical properties of the material.

[0044] In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0045] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun, characterized in that: It includes a tungsten electrode (16), a sleeve (17), a multi-wire powder coaxial copper nozzle (19), an ion gas shell, a powder feeding shell, and a welding gun shell (11); An ion gas outlet (26) is provided in the middle of the multi-wire powder coaxial copper nozzle (19), a first wire feeding port (20) and a second wire feeding port (21) are arranged at the front and rear ends of the ion gas outlet (26), and a first powder feeding port (22) and a second powder feeding port (23) are arranged at the left and right ends of the ion gas outlet (26); the first wire feeding port (20), the second wire feeding port (21), the first powder feeding port (22), and the second powder feeding port (23) are evenly arranged around the ion gas outlet (26); a shielding gas outlet (24) is provided on the outer side of the multi-wire powder coaxial copper nozzle (19); the multi-wire powder coaxial copper nozzle (19) is located at the bottom end of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun and is connected to the welding gun housing (11); A powder feeding shell is nested inside the welding gun shell (11), and a third channel between the powder feeding shell and the welding gun shell (11) is used to inject shielding gas; an ion gas shell is nested inside the powder feeding shell, and a second channel between the ion gas shell and the powder feeding shell is used to inject a first powder and a second powder, and the first powder and the second powder are respectively sent out through a first powder feeding port (22) and a second powder feeding port (23) of a multi-wire powder coaxial copper nozzle (19); the first channel inside the ion gas shell is used to inject ion gas; the ion gas shell is an internal hollow structure and is used to inject cooling water; a sleeve (17) is arranged outside the tungsten electrode (16), and the sleeve (17) is located inside the ion gas shell; through holes are respectively provided on both side surfaces of the welding gun shell (11) and the powder feeding shell, and the through holes are used to feed a first welding wire and a second welding wire, and the first welding wire and the second welding wire are respectively fed into a first wire feeding port (20) and a second wire feeding port (21) through the second channel.

2. The plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve is made of non-conductive and high-temperature resistant material.

3. The plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second channel of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun is provided with a partition for separating the first powder, the second powder, the first welding wire and the second welding wire.

4. The plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the ion gas outlet (26) of the multi-wire powder coaxial copper nozzle (19) is 5 to 7 mm, the diameters of the first wire feeding port (20) and the second wire feeding port (21) are 2 to 3 mm, the diameters of the first powder feeding port (22) and the second powder feeding port (23) are 2 to 3 mm, the distance between the first wire feeding port (20) and the second wire feeding port (21) is 15 to 20 mm; the distance between the first powder feeding port (22) and the second powder feeding port (23) is 15 to 20 mm.

5. The plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angles at which the first welding wire and the second welding wire are fed out of the first wire feed port (20) and the second wire feed port (21) and the tungsten electrode (16) are 45° to 60°; the angles between the powder and the tungsten electrode (16) are 45° to 60°.

6. A device for additively manufacturing high entropy alloys using the plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a multi-wire powder coaxial welding power supply (28); the positive electrode of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding power supply (28) is connected to the tungsten electrode (16), and the negative electrode is connected to the base plate (29); the ion gas shell is connected to the cooling water mechanism; the first channel of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun is connected to the ion gas supply system; A first powder feeding mechanism is arranged on the top surface of one end of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun, and a second powder feeding mechanism is arranged on the top surface of the other end, and the first powder feeding mechanism and the second powder feeding mechanism are connected to the second channel; The third channel of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun is connected to the shielding gas system; A first wire feeding mechanism is arranged at one end of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun and is located at the top end of the first welding wire; A second wire feeding mechanism is arranged at the other end of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun, located at the top end of the second welding wire; the first welding wire and the second welding wire pass through the welding gun housing and the powder feeding housing from the outside to the inside, enter the second channel and are fed out through the first wire feeding port (20) and the second wire feeding port (21).

7. A method for manufacturing a high entropy alloy using the additive manufacturing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Fix the pre-treated substrate on the additive manufacturing workbench and connect the plasma arc multi-wire powder coaxial additive manufacturing device; The multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun is installed above the base plate; Step 2: Select appropriate welding wire and powder based on the required high-entropy alloy material composition; the first wire feeding mechanism and the second wire feeding mechanism at both ends of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun are respectively loaded with the same or different types of welding wire, and the first powder feeding mechanism and the second powder feeding mechanism are respectively loaded with the same or different types of metal powder; Step 3: Set the process parameters of the multi-filament powder coaxial additive manufacturing device based on the geometric structure and material composition distribution of the target part; Step 4: Turn on the ion gas supply system and the shielding gas system to form a stable shielding atmosphere; turn on the cooling water mechanism and start the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun; simultaneously start the control wire feeding mechanism and powder feeding mechanism, and the welding wire in the first wire feeding mechanism and the second wire feeding mechanism at both ends of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun are synchronously fed with the powder in the first powder feeding mechanism and the second powder feeding mechanism; The multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun generates a high-temperature plasma arc. The welding wire and powder are melted at the same time and then deposited on the substrate, stacking the target parts layer by layer.

8. The method for manufacturing a high entropy alloy using an additive manufacturing device according to claim 7, wherein: The distance between the multi-wire powder coaxial copper nozzle (19) of the multi-wire powder coaxial welding gun and the upper surface of the substrate (29) is 3 to 4 mm.

9. The method for manufacturing a high entropy alloy using an additive manufacturing device according to claim 7, wherein: In step 2, the diameter of the welding wire is 0.8 mm; and the particle size of the powder is 10 to 100 μm.

10. The method for manufacturing a high entropy alloy using an additive manufacturing device according to claim 7, wherein: In step 3, the welding process parameters are set according to actual conditions: the welding current is 150-200 A, the welding voltage is 20-25 V; the wire feeding speed is 1-4 m / min, the powder feeding speed is 2-10 g / min; the powder feeding argon gas flow rate is 5-8 L / min, the ion gas flow rate of the ion gas supply system is 0.5-1 L / min, and the shielding gas flow rate of the shielding gas system is 10-12 L / min.

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