Welding heat dissipation tool and welding method

Abstract

The invention provides a welding heat dissipation tool and a welding method, and relates to the technical field of vacuum electron beam welding, the welding heat dissipation tool is suitable for vacuum electron beam welding, and the welding heat dissipation tool comprises a split type heat dissipation body and a flexible pressing piece; the split type heat dissipation body is configured in the mode that each single body is attached to the surface of a workpiece to be welded and deforms in a coordinated mode with the workpiece to be welded, and the flexible pressing piece is located above the split type heat dissipation body and abuts against the split type heat dissipation body. Pressure is applied to the flexible pressing piece, all the single bodies of the split type heat dissipation body are attached to the surface of the to-be-welded workpiece, after welding is heated, all the single bodies of the split type heat dissipation body can cooperatively deform with the to-be-welded workpiece and continuously keep attached to the to-be-welded workpiece, and therefore the situation that the efficiency of a heat dissipation tool is reduced due to the fact that gaps are generated due to deformation of the to-be-welded workpiece is avoided; and continuous and efficient heat dissipation in a vacuum environment is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of vacuum electron beam welding, and in particular to a welding heat dissipation tool and a welding method. Background Art

[0002] Vacuum electron beam welding technology uses high-speed electrons to bombard the surface of the workpiece in a vacuum environment, thereby generating heat to melt the workpiece to achieve welding. This technology has many advantages such as high energy density, good welding quality, and high precision, and is widely used in the welding of thin-walled structures.

[0003] In order to control welding deformation and reduce residual stress, it is necessary to set up a heat dissipation tool to remove excess welding heat. Since heat cannot be dissipated through air in a vacuum environment, the heat dissipation is mainly carried out by making the heat dissipation tool contact the workpiece and using solid heat conduction. The heat dissipation efficiency is proportional to the contact area. In the prior art, a layer of metal plate is usually covered on the surface of the workpiece to absorb heat, or a counterweight filled with heat-absorbing material is pressed on the surface of the workpiece as a heat dissipation tool to dissipate heat.

[0004] However, when vacuum electron beam welding is performed on thin-walled workpieces, the thin-walled structure itself has the characteristic of low out-of-plane bending stiffness, and the metal material has a large thermal expansion coefficient, so the part of the workpiece close to the weld is prone to bending deformation due to excessive local temperature. The gap between the deformed workpiece and the heat dissipation tooling reduces the contact area, thereby greatly weakening the heat dissipation effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] The problem solved by the invention is: how to overcome the problem of partial failure of heat dissipation tooling caused by welding deformation and improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a welding heat dissipation tool and a welding method.

[0007] On the one hand, the present invention provides a welding heat dissipation tool, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A welding heat dissipation tool, suitable for vacuum electron beam welding, comprises a split heat dissipation body and a flexible pressing piece, the split heat dissipation body comprises a plurality of monomers and is configured so that each monomer is attached to the surface of a workpiece to be welded and deforms in coordination with the workpiece to be welded, and the flexible pressing piece is located on a side of the split heat dissipation body away from the workpiece to be welded (10) and presses against the plurality of monomers of the split heat dissipation body.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: each monomer of the split heat dissipation body is adhered to the surface of the workpiece to be welded, and then pressure is applied through the flexible pressing piece to make each monomer of the split heat dissipation body obtain uniform pressure. After welding and heating, under the constraint of the flexible pressing piece, each monomer of the split heat dissipation body can deform cooperatively with the workpiece to be welded and continue to maintain adhesion with the workpiece to be welded, thereby avoiding the reduction of heat dissipation tooling efficiency due to gaps caused by deformation of the workpiece to be welded, and ensuring continuous and efficient heat dissipation in a vacuum environment.

[0010] Optionally, a plurality of units of the split heat dissipation body are closely arranged along the direction of the weld, and the units are heat sinks, one end of each heat sink is attached to the surface of the workpiece to be welded, and the other end is pressed against the flexible pressing member.

[0011] Optionally, the flexible pressing piece is elastic.

[0012] Optionally, the flexible pressing member is an elastic pressing plate or an elastic ring.

[0013] Optionally, the flexible pressing piece is made of silicone.

[0014] Optionally, adjacent heat sinks are detachably connected or abutted against each other.

[0015] Optionally, each of the heat sinks has the same specification.

[0016] Optionally, the heat sink is made of copper.

[0017] Optionally, the split heat dissipation body is fixedly connected to or abuts against the flexible pressing piece.

[0018] In another aspect, the present invention provides a welding method that helps dissipate heat, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1. Preparation before welding: provide workpieces to be welded and a vacuum welding space, place the workpieces to be welded in the vacuum welding space, align and splice the two workpieces to be welded to form a splicing seam;

[0020] S2, assembly: provide the welding heat dissipation tool, press the welding heat dissipation tool one by one on the surface of the workpiece to be welded, so that the distance between the edge of the split heat dissipation body and the joint is 3mm to 5mm, and apply pressure perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece to be welded to the flexible pressing piece, so that each unit of the split heat dissipation body is attached to the workpiece to be tested;

[0021] S3. Welding: providing a vacuum electron beam welder, emitting an electron beam to the joint position, controlling the vacuum electron beam welder to move the electron beam along the joint for welding, and removing the welding heat dissipation tooling after welding is completed.

[0022] Since the technical improvement and technical effect of the welding method are the same as those of the welding heat dissipation tooling, the welding method will not be described in detail. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the welding heat dissipation tooling according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a comparison diagram of the heat dissipation tooling in the prior art before and after welding.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a comparison diagram of the welding heat dissipation tooling before and after welding of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a welding heat dissipation tooling according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 The figure is a flow chart of the steps of the welding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Description of reference numerals:

[0029] 10. Workpiece to be welded; 101. Joint; 20. Electron beam; 30. Heat sink; 1. Split heat sink body; 11. Heat sink; 2. Flexible pressing piece; 21. Elastic pressing plate; 22. Elastic sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present invention are only for exemplary purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The Z axis in the drawings represents the vertical direction, that is, the up and down position, and the positive direction of the Z axis represents the top, and the reverse direction of the Z axis represents the bottom; the X axis in the drawings represents the horizontal direction, and is designated as the front and back position, and the positive direction of the X axis represents the front side, and the reverse direction of the X axis represents the back side; the Y axis in the drawings represents the left and right position, and the positive direction of the Y axis represents the left side, and the reverse direction of the Y axis represents the right side. It should also be noted that the aforementioned Z axis, Y axis, and X axis are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0032] The term "including" and its variations used in this document are open inclusions, that is, "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" means "based at least in part on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one other embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". The relevant definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts of "first", "second", etc. mentioned in the present invention are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units.

[0033] It should be noted that the modifications of "one" and "plurality" mentioned in the present invention are illustrative rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise clearly indicated in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0034] Reference Figure 2 When vacuum electron beam 20 welding is performed on thin-walled metal sheets, since the vacuum environment cannot dissipate heat through the air, a metal heat sink 30 is usually directly pressed on the surface of the workpiece 10 to be welded to dissipate heat through solid contact conduction. The arrows in the figure indicate the changes before and after welding between the workpiece 10 to be welded and the heat sink 30. It can be seen that the workpiece 10 to be welded is warped after being heated, and a gap is generated between the workpiece 10 and the heat sink 30. Due to the reduction in contact area, the heat dissipation efficiency is greatly reduced. Failure to dissipate heat in time will lead to excessive temperature difference, thus affecting the welding quality.

[0035] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned related technologies, the present invention provides a welding heat dissipation tool and a welding method.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 A welding heat dissipation tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention is suitable for vacuum electron beam 20 welding, including a split heat dissipation body 1 and a flexible pressing piece 2. The split heat dissipation body 1 includes a plurality of monomers and is configured so that each monomer is attached to the surface of a workpiece 10 to be welded and deforms in coordination with the workpiece 10 to be welded. The flexible pressing piece 2 is located on a side of the split heat dissipation body 1 away from the workpiece 10 to be welded and presses against the plurality of monomers of the split heat dissipation body 1.

[0037] Specifically, each monomer of the split heat dissipation body 1 is closely arranged and fit on the upper surface of the workpiece 10 to be welded, and then pressure F is applied through the flexible pressing piece 2 so that each monomer of the split heat dissipation body 1 obtains uniform pressure. The pressure F here is only for illustration and does not represent the position and mode of action of the pressure. The pressure F can be a concentrated force or a uniformly distributed force. After welding and heating, under the constraint of the flexible pressing piece 2, each monomer of the split heat dissipation body 1 can be deformed in coordination with the workpiece 10 to be welded, and continue to fit with the workpiece 10 to be welded, thereby avoiding the reduction of the efficiency of the heat dissipation tooling due to the gap caused by the deformation of the workpiece 10 to be welded, and ensuring continuous and efficient heat dissipation in a vacuum environment.

[0038] In this embodiment, the workpieces 10 to be welded are two rectangular thin-walled metal plates, and two sets of the welding heat dissipation tools are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the joint 101 (ie, the weld) of the workpieces 10 to be welded, leaving a welding space in the middle for the electron beam 20 to move.

[0039] In addition to vacuum electron beam welding, the welding heat dissipation tooling disclosed in this embodiment can also be applied to other welding occasions requiring efficient heat dissipation, such as laser welding and arc welding.

[0040] Optionally, multiple units of the split heat dissipation body 1 are closely arranged along the welding direction, and the units are heat sinks 11 , one end of each heat sink 11 is attached to the surface of the workpiece 10 to be welded, and the other end is pressed against the flexible pressing member 2 .

[0041] Specifically, multiple heat sinks 11 are linearly arranged along the direction of the weld, such as the X-axis direction in Figure 1, and adjacent heat sinks 11 are arranged in parallel and fit tightly to each other. Since the heat sink 11 is thin, the multiple heat sinks 11 arranged tightly can better coordinate deformation with the workpiece 10 to be welded.

[0042] In this embodiment, the heat sinks 11 are rectangular plates with the same specifications. The uniform specifications can make the stress and deformation of each heat sink 11 more balanced.

[0043] Optionally, adjacent heat sinks 11 may be detachably connected or abutted against each other.

[0044] Specifically, the plurality of heat sinks 11 are not connected, but adjacent heat sinks 11 are fitted and abutted against each other, and the heat sinks 11 are fixed by applying pressure to the flexible pressing member 2, which facilitates assembly and disassembly, thereby enabling the number of heat sinks 11 to be quickly adjusted according to the length of the weld.

[0045] Optionally, the heat sink 11 is made of copper.

[0046] Specifically, copper has the characteristics of high thermal conductivity and strong deformation ability, and is suitable for being used as the heat sink 11 .

[0047] Optionally, the split heat dissipation body 1 is fixedly connected or abutted against the flexible pressing member 2 .

[0048] Specifically, a fixed connection can be selected between the split heat dissipation body 1 and the flexible pressing piece 2 to further improve the stability of the heat sink 11. The top of the heat sink 11 is fixed to the flexible pressing piece 2, and the bottom end abuts against the workpiece to be welded 10, so that the heat sink 11 is not easy to tip over when under pressure, and at the same time, the heat sink 11 only produces Z-direction displacement when deformed by heat.

[0049] Optionally, the flexible pressing member 2 is elastic.

[0050] Specifically, the flexible pressing member 2 is elastic and can rebound after the pressure F is removed, so that the flexible pressing member 2 and the heat sink 11 return to their original state.

[0051] In this embodiment, the flexible pressing member 2 is made of silicone material. In addition to being elastic, the silicone material can also provide a large friction force to prevent the flexible pressing member 2 and the heat sink 11 from being relatively displaced during welding, thereby preventing the heat sink 11 and the workpiece 10 to be welded from becoming loose.

[0052] Optionally, the flexible pressing member 2 is an elastic pressing plate 21 or an elastic sleeve ring 22 .

[0053] Specifically, in this embodiment, the flexible pressing member 2 is an elastic pressing plate 21, which is suitable for welding thin-walled panels.

[0054] Reference Figure 4 In another embodiment, the workpiece 10 to be welded is two sections of thin-walled circular tubes, a plurality of heat sinks 11 are arranged in a circular array on the surface of the circular tube, and the sleeve-shaped split heat sink body 1 is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the circular tube. In this case, the flexible pressing member 2 is preferably an elastic collar 22. The diameter of the elastic collar 22 in a free state is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the split heat sink body 1. The elastic collar 22 is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the split heat sink body 1, and the elastic force of the elastic collar 22 can constrain the heat sink 11 by itself without applying an external pressure F.

[0055] Reference Figure 5 The embodiment of the present invention provides a welding method that helps to dissipate heat, using the welding heat dissipation tool as described above, including the following steps:

[0056] S1. Preparation before welding: provide workpieces 10 to be welded and a vacuum welding space, place the workpieces 10 to be welded in the vacuum welding space, align and splice two workpieces 10 to be welded, and form a splicing seam 101.

[0057] S2. Assembly: Provide the welding heat dissipation tooling, press the welding heat dissipation tooling one by one on the surface of the workpiece 10 to be welded, so that the distance between the edge of the split heat dissipation body 1 and the joint 101 is 3 mm to 5 mm, and apply pressure perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece 10 to be welded to the flexible pressing piece 2, so that each unit of the split heat dissipation body 1 is attached to the workpiece to be tested.

[0058] S3, welding: provide a vacuum electron beam 20 welder, emit the electron beam 20 to the position of the joint 101, control the vacuum electron beam 20 welder to move the electron beam 20 along the joint 101 for welding, and remove the welding heat dissipation tooling after welding is completed.

[0059] The beneficial effects of the welding method of this embodiment relative to the prior art are the same as those of the above-mentioned welding heat dissipation tooling, and will not be repeated here.

[0060] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding heat dissipation tool, characterized in that: The invention is suitable for vacuum electron beam (20) welding, comprising a split heat dissipation body (1) and a flexible pressing piece (2); the split heat dissipation body (1) comprises a plurality of monomers and is configured such that each monomer is attached to the surface of a workpiece (10) to be welded and deforms in coordination with the workpiece (10) to be welded; the flexible pressing piece (2) is located on a side of the split heat dissipation body (1) away from the workpiece (10) to be welded and presses against the plurality of monomers of the split heat dissipation body (1).

2. The welding heat dissipation tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple units of the split heat dissipation body (1) are closely arranged along the direction of the welding seam, and the units are heat dissipation fins (11). One end of each heat dissipation fin (11) is attached to the surface of the workpiece (10) to be welded, and the other end is pressed against the flexible pressing piece (2).

3. The welding heat dissipation tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible pressing piece (2) is elastic.

4. The welding heat dissipation tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flexible pressing member (2) is an elastic pressing plate (21) or an elastic sleeve ring (22).

5. The welding heat dissipation tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flexible pressing piece (2) is made of silicone material.

6. The welding heat dissipation tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: Adjacent heat sinks (11) are detachably connected or abutted against each other.

7. The welding heat dissipation tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the heat sinks (11) has the same specifications.

8. The welding heat dissipation tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat sink (11) is made of copper.

9. The welding heat dissipation tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The split heat dissipation body (1) is fixedly connected or abutted against the flexible pressing member (2).

10. A welding method that helps dissipate heat, characterized in that: Using the welding heat dissipation tool according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: S1. Preparation before welding: providing workpieces to be welded (10) and a vacuum welding space, placing the workpieces to be welded (10) in the vacuum welding space, aligning and splicing two workpieces to be welded (10) to form a splicing seam (101); S2, assembly: providing the welding heat dissipation tooling, pressing the welding heat dissipation tooling one by one on the surface of the workpiece (10) to be welded, so that the distance between the edge of the split heat dissipation body (1) and the joint (101) is 3 mm to 5 mm, and applying pressure perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece (10) to be welded to the flexible pressing piece (2), so that each unit of the split heat dissipation body (1) is attached to the workpiece to be welded; S3, welding: providing a vacuum electron beam (20) welding machine, emitting an electron beam (20) toward the position of the joint (101), controlling the vacuum electron beam (20) welding machine to move the electron beam (20) along the joint (101) for welding, and removing the welding heat dissipation tooling after welding is completed.

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