Friction stir welding device based on battery shell manufacturing

Abstract

The friction stir welding device based on battery shell manufacturing comprises a welding table, a positioning mechanism, a welding mechanism and a cooling mechanism, the welding table is provided with a material containing plane used for containing a plate, the positioning mechanism fixes the plate, the welding mechanism comprises a rotating part and a stirring part, the rotating part is controlled to move and drives the stirring part to conduct welding, and the cooling mechanism is used for cooling the stirring part. The cooling mechanism comprises a shell, a liquid source and a fan, a containing space is formed in the shell and connected with the liquid inlet, the air inlet and the air outlet, the opening covers the weld joint and is attached to the surface of the plate, a plurality of partition pieces are arranged in the containing space to form a first heat dissipation flow channel, and cooling liquid and airflow are guided to flow in order. According to the friction stir welding device, cooling liquid is supplied through the liquid source, airflow is provided through the fan, local cooling gradient control over the welding seam area and the periphery is achieved, the problems of stress concentration, cracks and strength reduction caused by the too large temperature gradient are solved, meanwhile, the joint hardness recovery effect is improved, and the welding quality is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a friction stir welding device, in particular to a friction stir welding device manufactured based on a battery shell. Background Art

[0002] Friction stir welding is a solid phase welding technology that is widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, shipbuilding and other fields that require high-strength, low-deformation welding. Compared with traditional welding methods, friction stir welding achieves welding through friction and plastic deformation of rotating tools, avoiding pores and cracks in fusion welding. However, during the welding process, the weld area and its surroundings will cause material properties to change due to high temperature, and coarse grains or softening of materials in the heat-affected zone become important factors affecting welding quality. Therefore, effective cooling of the weld and its surrounding areas is of great significance to improving the quality of welded joints.

[0003] At present, the cooling technologies of stir friction welding mainly include water cooling, gas cooling and cooling substrate. Water cooling technology reduces the temperature by immersing or directly spraying cooling liquid in the weld area. Gas cooling uses high-pressure gas to spray the weld area and achieves cooling through convection heat transfer. The cooling substrate is made of high thermal conductivity material and contacts the weld to conduct heat. It is usually used for cooling flat or regular-shaped workpieces. These technologies provide a variety of solutions for the cooling of stir friction welding and have been widely used in actual welding.

[0004] However, the existing cooling methods can effectively reduce the temperature of the weld area, but there are still some problems in practical applications. Specifically, traditional water cooling uses immersion or overall spraying of coolant. During the cooling process, the temperature of the weld area and both sides gradually decreases, but because the heat in the weld area is concentrated, the cooling speed is slow, while the areas on both sides of the weld will quickly drop to the target temperature range under the action of the cooling medium. During this cooling process, the weld area (high temperature area) and the two sides (low temperature area) produce a significant temperature difference due to the action of the cooling medium. The weld cools slowly (large thermal inertia), while the two sides cool and shrink rapidly. This non-uniform cooling will cause thermal stress inside the material. The shrinkage of the weld area lags behind the two sides. The rigid constraints on both sides will generate tensile stress (residual stress) in the weld. When it exceeds the yield strength of the material, it may cause microcracks and reduce the overall performance of the welded joint. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a new type of stir friction welding device to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a friction stir welding device capable of realizing gradient cooling control on a weld area and a surrounding local area.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problem is: a friction stir welding device based on the manufacture of a battery shell, used for welding the seams between the assembled panels of the battery shell, characterized in that it includes: The welding table includes a material placement surface for placing the plate.

[0007] A positioning mechanism is connected to the welding table to limit the plate to the material placement plane when the welding device is in a working state.

[0008] Welding mechanism, controlled movement, comprising: The rotating part rotates in a controlled manner.

[0009] The stirring member is connected to the rotating part so as to move therewith.

[0010] A cooling mechanism is connected to the welding mechanism, and the cooling mechanism comprises: The shell has an accommodating space inside, and an opening, an air inlet, a liquid inlet and an exhaust port are provided on the outer surface of the shell, and all of the three are connected to the accommodating space.

[0011] A partition assembly is arranged in the accommodating space, and the partition assembly includes: A plurality of parallelly arranged partitions, wherein the relatively facing sides of adjacent partitions are configured to form a first heat dissipation channel together with the surface of the plate and the inner wall of the shell when the opening is in contact with the surface of the plate, and the first heat dissipation channel is connected with the air inlet, the exhaust port and the liquid inlet.

[0012] A liquid source is connected to the liquid inlet to deliver cooling liquid into the first heat dissipation channel.

[0013] A fan is connected to the air inlet to flow air into the first heat dissipation channel.

[0014] Wherein, when the welding device is in working state, the side of the shell having the opening is in contact with the side of the plate restricted on the loading plane which is away from the welding table, the opening cover is arranged at the plate weld, and the partition assembly is located on the side of the plate weld to form a plurality of the first heat dissipation channels at a target distance from the plate weld.

[0015] Preferably, the air inlet and the exhaust port are arranged opposite to each other, and the air inlet and the exhaust port are configured so that when the welding device is in a working state, a center line connecting the two is parallel to an extension direction of a plate weld.

[0016] Preferably, the separator is a partition plate, and the separator is configured so that when the welding device is in a working state, the length direction of the partition plate is parallel to the extension direction of the plate weld.

[0017] Preferably, the liquid inlet is opened on the side opposite to the shell and the opening, and the liquid inlet is configured to be arranged opposite to the weld of the plate when the welding device is in a working state.

[0018] Preferably, the exhaust port is configured to be located between the liquid inlet and the opening when the welding device is in working state.

[0019] Preferably, there are two groups of partition components, and the two groups of partition components are configured to be located on both sides of the weld of the plate when the welding device is in a working state, and the opposite sides of the two groups of partition components and the inner wall of the shell and the side of the plate facing away from the welding table form a second heat dissipation channel.

[0020] The second heat dissipation channel is communicated with the air inlet, the exhaust port and the liquid inlet.

[0021] Preferably, each of the partitions is provided with a connecting groove, and the distance from the connecting groove to the opening on each of the partitions in the partition assembly is configured to decrease successively with the distance from each partition to the second heat dissipation channel when the welding device is in working state.

[0022] The friction stir welding device also includes: The injection mechanism operates in a controlled manner, and the injection mechanism connects the liquid source and the liquid inlet to control the amount of cooling liquid entering the liquid inlet.

[0023] Preferably, there are a plurality of liquid inlets, and each of the liquid inlets is connected to the second heat dissipation channels and each of the first heat dissipation channels in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0024] The welding device also includes: Injection mechanisms, the number of the injection mechanisms is several, each of the injection mechanisms is connected to the liquid source, and each of the injection mechanisms is connected to each of the liquid inlets in a one-to-one correspondence, so as to inject a certain amount of coolant into the second heat dissipation channel and each of the first heat dissipation channels when the welding device is in a working state.

[0025] Wherein, when the welding device is in a working state, the coolant injection amount of each injection mechanism is configured so that the coolant injection amount of each first heat dissipation channel is smaller than the coolant injection amount of the second heat dissipation channel, and the coolant injection amount in each first heat dissipation channel decreases successively with the distance from the first heat dissipation channel to the second heat dissipation channel.

[0026] Preferably, there are a plurality of air inlets, and each of the air inlets is connected to the second heat dissipation channels and each of the first heat dissipation channels in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0027] The number of the fans is several, and each fan is connected to each air inlet in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: By adopting a cooling mechanism composed of a shell, a partition assembly, a liquid source and a blower, and utilizing the partition assembly to form multiple first heat dissipation channels at the weld of the plate, the problem of significant temperature difference, residual stress and microcracks caused by uneven cooling speed between the weld area and the two side areas during welding in the prior art is effectively solved, thereby achieving uniform cooling of the weld and its surrounding areas, and improving the overall quality and welding performance of the welded joint.

[0029] Due to the technical means of setting the air inlet and the exhaust port opposite to each other and the center line of the two being parallel to the extension direction of the plate weld, when the welding device is in working state, the cooling airflow can flow evenly along the extension direction of the weld, first pre-cooling the downstream of the weld (i.e. the area to be welded) and its surrounding area, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the high-temperature weld area and the low-temperature area. This technical means effectively solves the problems of uneven temperature distribution and concentrated thermal stress and residual stress in the welding process in the prior art, thereby achieving the technical effect of suppressing grain coarsening, avoiding material softening, improving the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welding area, and improving the overall quality and stability of the welded joint. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a friction stir welding device in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 The present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0032] Figure 3 1 is a schematic side sectional view of a friction stir welding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a welding mechanism when the friction stir welding device is in a working state in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cooling mechanism of a friction stir welding device in an embodiment of the present invention when the device is in a working state.

[0036] Figure 7 The present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0037] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling mechanism when the friction stir welding device is in a working state in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Among them: 10, plate; 20, welding table; 210, material placement plane; 30, positioning mechanism; 40, welding mechanism; 410, rotating part; 420, stirring member; 50, cooling mechanism; 510, shell; 511, accommodating space; 512, opening; 513, liquid inlet; 514, air inlet; 515, exhaust port; 520, partition assembly; 521, partition; 5211, connecting groove; 60, first heat dissipation channel; 70, second heat dissipation channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The specific implementation of the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to further describe the specific implementation of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present application, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, a stir friction welding device based on a battery shell 510 is provided, which is used to weld the seams of the assembled panels 10 constituting the battery shell 510, and the welding device includes a welding table 20, a positioning mechanism 30 and a welding mechanism 40. Among them, the welding table 20 includes a material placement plane 210 for placing the panel 10. The positioning mechanism 30 is connected to the welding table 20 to limit the panel 10 to the material placement plane 210 when the welding device is in a working state. The welding mechanism 40 moves in a controlled manner, and the welding mechanism 40 includes a rotating part 410 and a stirring member 420, wherein the rotating part 410 rotates in a controlled manner, and the stirring member 420 is installed at the rotating part 410 to rotate synchronously with the rotating part 410.

[0041] Specifically, the placement plane 210 is the main bearing surface of the plate 10, which is used to provide a stable placement area to ensure precise positioning during the welding process. The welding table 20 is made of high-strength metal materials (such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel) and has excellent thermal conductivity, which is used to assist in heat dissipation. The plane part has a regular rectangular design, and the size is customized according to the specifications of the battery shell plate 10, and can adapt to plates 10 of various shapes. The welding table 20 is fixed to the work platform through the bottom support structure, and further, it can be equipped with a height-adjustable support tripod to adapt to different operating environments. The welding table 20 and the placement plane 210 provide a reference for the stable welding of the plate 10, effectively avoiding position deviation caused by vibration or thermal expansion during welding.

[0042] The positioning mechanism 30 is connected to the welding table 20, and is mainly used to fix the plate 10 when the stir friction welding device is working. The positioning mechanism 30 adopts a multi-point clamping device, including a positioning fixture and a guide rail, and its power source can be a cylinder or a motor and other equipment. The positioning mechanism 30 is made of a high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant alloy material, and the contact surface of the clamping jaws can be covered with a flexible material (such as silicone rubber) to avoid scratches or indentations on the surface of the plate 10 during the clamping process. The positioning mechanism 30 is installed on the edge of the welding table 20 by bolts or slide rails, and the position can be adjusted according to the size of the plate 10, and it is suitable for battery shell plates 10 of different specifications. The positioning mechanism 30 provides multi-point support during the welding process to prevent the plate 10 from displacement or warping, and ensure that the weld line is consistent with the movement trajectory of the welding mechanism 40.

[0043] The welding mechanism 40 is the core part of the device for realizing friction stir welding, and is composed of a rotating part 410, a stirring member 420, and a control system working in coordination with the rotating part 410.

[0044] The rotating part 410 is the driving core of the friction stir welding. It is driven by a high-precision servo motor and connected to the stirring piece 420 through the main shaft to achieve efficient rotation of the stirring piece 420. Among them, the main shaft is made of high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant materials to ensure reliable operation in a high-friction environment. A high-precision bearing assembly is arranged on the outside of the main shaft to provide smooth rotation support and reduce the impact of vibration on the welding quality. The rotating part 410 provides stable rotational power and efficiently transmits the torque of the servo motor to the stirring piece 420. In addition, this design also supports the precise positioning and high-frequency rotation of the stirring piece 420 during the welding process to ensure the consistency of the welding quality. Furthermore, the rotating part 410 can also be equipped with a built-in sensor for real-time monitoring of the rotation speed and torque to ensure the stability of the welding process.

[0045] The stirring member 420 is a key working part of the welding mechanism 40, and its head is designed with a specific geometric shape to adapt to different materials and welding requirements. The stirring member 420 is made of high-strength wear-resistant alloy material, has excellent high temperature resistance, and can withstand long-term high temperature friction. In addition, the head structure of the stirring member 420 is designed to be replaceable according to the welding application, which is convenient for optimization and adjustment for different workpieces.

[0046] The control system is the "brain" of the welding mechanism 40, which performs precise motion control and real-time monitoring of the rotating part 410 and the stirring member 420. The control system includes control of the servo module, control of the motion unit, coordination with the sensor monitoring module, and a human-computer interaction interface. Among them, the control of the servo module can control the speed, torque and direction of the servo motor of the rotating part 410, and can also ensure that the stirring member 420 works according to the preset trajectory and speed. Furthermore, the control of the motion control unit can also coordinate the horizontal movement, vertical pressing force and displacement of the welding mechanism 40 to ensure the accuracy of the weld trajectory.

[0047] In the prior art, the cooling technology of stir friction welding mainly includes water cooling, gas cooling and cooling substrate. However, although the existing cooling method can reduce the temperature of the weld area, it still has some problems in practical application. When using the traditional cooling method, due to the large difference in the temperature change rate between the weld and its surrounding area, tensile stress is easily generated in the weld joint area. When it exceeds the yield strength of the material, micro cracks may be caused, thereby reducing the overall performance of the weld joint.

[0048] Different from the prior art, the friction stir welding device in this embodiment further includes a cooling mechanism 50, a liquid source (not shown in the figure) and a fan (not shown in the figure). Figure 2-Figure 8 The cooling mechanism 50 is connected to the welding mechanism 40 to move synchronously with the welding mechanism 40. The cooling mechanism 50 includes a shell 510 and a partition assembly 520. The shell 510 has an accommodating space 511. The outer surface of the shell 510 has an opening 512, a liquid inlet 513, an air inlet 514 and an exhaust port 515, and all three are connected to the accommodating space 511. The partition assembly 520 is arranged in the accommodating space 511. The partition assembly 520 includes a plurality of parallel partitions 521. The sides of the adjacent partitions 521 facing each other are configured to form a first heat dissipation channel 60 when the opening 512 is attached to the surface of the plate 10 and the inner wall of the shell 510. The first heat dissipation channel 60 is connected to the air inlet 514, the exhaust port 515 and the liquid inlet 513 at the same time. The liquid source is connected to the liquid inlet 513 to send the coolant into the first heat dissipation channel 60. The fan is in communication with the air inlet 514 to direct airflow into the first heat dissipation channel 60 .

[0049] When the welding device is in working state, the shell 510 will move to the starting position (the starting point of the weld) under the action of the aforementioned driving mechanism such as the robotic arm, and the side of the shell 510 with the opening 512 will fit with the side of the plate 10 restricted on the loading plane 210 away from the welding table 20, and the opening 512 covers the weld of the plate 10, and the partition assembly 520 is located on the side of the weld of the plate 10 to form a plurality of first heat dissipation channels 60 at the target distance from the weld of the plate 10.

[0050] Specifically, the cooling mechanism 50 moves synchronously with the welding mechanism 40, so that the weld and the surrounding area are quickly cooled in a short time after the stirring member 420 moves along the seam of the plate 10 to form the weld. This cooling can significantly shorten the time that the weld area stays in a high temperature state, thereby reducing the coarsening and softening of grains caused by long-term high temperature, and maintaining or restoring the original hardness of the material. Therefore, timely cooling helps to inhibit the excessive growth of grains in the weld area and promote the formation of fine and uniform grains. The fine grain structure usually has higher hardness and strength, so it can effectively restore the mechanical properties of the weld to achieve the purpose of promoting the recovery of the weld hardness. In addition, by installing a plurality of partitions 521 in the housing 510 to form a plurality of first heat dissipation channels 60, gradient cooling of the weld and the surrounding area of ​​the weld can also be achieved.

[0051] The shell 510 is used to contain and limit the flow area of ​​the coolant, thereby limiting the cooling range of the cooling mechanism 50. The shell 510 is specifically embodied as a rectangular box body, and its interior is hollow, namely, the accommodating space 511. The shell 510 is fixedly connected to the welding mechanism 40 through a connector. One side of the rectangular box body is open, and the open side is the opening 512. When in the working state (and when welding), the open side must face the plate 10 limited on the material plane 210, and fit with the side of the plate 10 away from the welding table 20. Further, in some embodiments, a sealing filler can also be installed at the edge of the open side to fill the gap when the open side fits with the plate 10, to prevent the coolant injected into the accommodating space 511 from leaking out of the gap, thereby ensuring that the cooling effect is concentrated on the weld and its surrounding area.

[0052] The partitions 521 are fixedly installed in the accommodating space 511 of the housing 510, and the partitions 521 are arranged in parallel. The partitions 521 are specifically embodied as long strip partitions. The width direction of the partition is in the same direction as the height direction of the housing 510, that is, when welding, the width of the partition is perpendicular to the material plane 210, and in order to achieve the relative independence of each first heat dissipation channel 60, the side of the partition 521 facing away from the opening 512 in the width direction is tightly attached to and sealed with the side of the inner wall of the housing 510 facing away from the opening 512, and the other side of the partition 521 in the width direction is flush with the plane of the opening 512 of the housing 510 (the open side of the housing 510). The length of the partition is parallel to the length direction of the shell 510, that is, the length of the partition is parallel to the extension direction of the weld of the plate 10 on the material plane 210. In order to ensure the relative independence of each first heat dissipation channel 60 and prevent the coolant in each first heat dissipation channel 60 from leaking into each other, both sides of the partition in the length direction are tightly attached to the inner wall of the shell 510 and sealed. Furthermore, in order to avoid affecting the contact area between the coolant and the surface of the plate 10 and reduce the excessive area occupied by the partition on the surface of the plate 10, the thickness of the partition should be controlled at 0.5 mm or even less. The specific thickness of the shelf should be determined according to the actual weld size.

[0053] The first heat dissipation channel 60 provides a storage space for coolant and gas. With the cooperation of a certain flow rate of gas and a certain amount of coolant, the specific area around the weld (the area corresponding to the first heat dissipation channel 60) can be cooled in a controlled manner. In particular, under the action of a specific amount of coolant and a specific rate of airflow, the temperature reduction range of the area around the weld can be obtained through test detection or calculation. Therefore, when multiple first heat dissipation channels 60 are arranged in parallel, it is only necessary to strictly control the injection amount of coolant and the gas flow rate in different heat dissipation channels to control the temperature reduction range within a certain range. Therefore, the cooling mechanism 50 only needs to control the airflow rate and the coolant injection amount according to the corresponding parameters obtained in the experiment to control the temperature reduction range of each first heat dissipation channel 60, thereby achieving gradient cooling of the weld and the surrounding area, and avoiding large temperature changes between the area around the weld and the adjacent area.

[0054] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the injection of coolant, the introduction of air flow and the discharge of the air-liquid mixture, the liquid inlet 513 is opened on the side of the shell 510 away from the opening 512 (the side opposite to the opening 512), and the air inlet 514 and the exhaust port 515 are respectively opened on the side of the shell 510 (when the welding device is in working state) that is perpendicular to the extension direction of the weld, and it is also necessary to ensure that the liquid inlet 513, the air inlet 514 and the exhaust port 515 can be connected with each first heat dissipation channel 60.

[0055] In this embodiment, when the friction stir welding device is in working state, the plate 10 is placed on the material plane 210 and fixed by the positioning mechanism 30 to ensure that it does not move during the welding process. During the welding process, the rotating part 410 of the welding mechanism 40 drives the stirring member 420 to move in the first direction, and stir friction welding is performed at the weld interface. The movement path and speed of the rotating part 410 are precisely controlled by the control system to ensure the strength and consistency of the welded joint. The cooling mechanism 50 moves synchronously with the welding mechanism 40. The coolant enters the accommodating space 511 through the liquid inlet 513, and is guided to flow into each first heat dissipation channel 60 through the partition 521 of the partition assembly 520, and works together with the airflow to perform gradient cooling on the weld area and the surrounding area. Therefore, the device is suitable for the seam welding scene of the battery housing 510, and is particularly suitable for application environments with high requirements for welding strength and weld quality.

[0056] Since the present embodiment adopts a cooling mechanism 50 composed of a shell 510, a partition assembly 520, a liquid source and a blower, and utilizes the partition assembly 520 to form a plurality of first heat dissipation channels 60 at the weld of the plate 10, the problem of significant temperature difference, residual stress and microcracks caused by uneven cooling speed between the weld area and the areas on both sides during welding in the prior art is effectively solved, local cooling gradient control of the weld area and its surroundings is achieved, uniform cooling of the weld and its surrounding areas is ensured, and the overall quality and welding performance of the welded joint are improved. Furthermore, with respect to the technical feature that “several first heat dissipation channels 60 are arranged in parallel on one side of the weld”, the parallel arrangement of the first heat dissipation channels 60 enables each channel to work independently, making it easy to achieve localized and customized cooling of the weld and its surrounding areas by adjusting the cooling parameters of each channel, and by precisely controlling the amount of coolant injected and the air flow rate in each channel, the cooling rate around the weld can be precisely controlled as needed, and the parallelly arranged heat dissipation channels can form a continuous cooling zone on the weld and its surrounding areas. This design can achieve more precise temperature control and cooling effects for different weld sizes and process requirements.

[0057] In order to ensure the fluidity of the air flow in the first heat dissipation channel 60, in some embodiments, the air inlet 514 and the exhaust port 515 are arranged opposite to each other, and the air inlet 514 and the exhaust port 515 are configured so that when the stir friction welding device is in working state, the center line of the two is parallel to the extension direction of the weld of the plate 10.

[0058] Specifically, the air inlet 514 and the exhaust port 515 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the shell 510, that is, they are provided on both sides of the shell 510 in the extension direction of the weld (when the welding device is in working state). When the friction stir welding device is in the tooling state, the shell 510 moves along the extension direction of the weld of the plate 10 limited on the material plane 210 with the welding mechanism 40, and the air inlet 514 and the exhaust port 515 are provided on both sides of the shell 510 which are perpendicular to the extension direction of the weld at this time, and the exhaust port 515 is located downstream of the air inlet 514, that is, the direction from the air inlet 514 to the exhaust port 515 is the same as the moving direction of the shell 510, that is, when the friction stir welding device is in working state and the shell 510 moves along the extension direction of the weld, the direction from the air inlet 514 to the exhaust port 515 is the same as the moving direction of the shell 510. The air inlet 514 and the exhaust port 515 are connected to the external air source and the airflow exhaust system through a pipeline to form a complete airflow circulation channel.

[0059] The air inlet 514 is responsible for introducing a cooling airflow (such as gas or a mixture of gas and coolant) into the interior of the housing 510. The gas will mix with the coolant when flowing through the first heat dissipation channel 60 and provide necessary cooling for the welding area.

[0060] The exhaust port 515 discharges the coolant mixed gas or gas out of the housing 510, ensuring that the airflow leaves the welding area unhindered. The exhaust port 515 is located downstream of the air inlet 514, forming a natural flow direction of the airflow, so that the cooling airflow evenly covers the weld area.

[0061] When the friction stir welding device starts working, the air inlet 514 introduces cooling gas through an external air source. This gas enters the first heat dissipation channel 60 inside the housing 510, and is consistent with the flow direction of the coolant. The cooling gas is mixed with the coolant and flows in the first heat dissipation channel 60 to form a stable airflow, which brings the coolant out of the housing 510.

[0062] However, since the air inlet 514 and the exhaust port 515 are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the shell 510, and the flow direction of the air inlet 514 toward the exhaust port 515 is consistent with the movement direction of the shell 510 along the extension direction of the weld, when the shell 510 moves along the extension direction of the weld, the cooling airflow will first blow to the area being welded and the area to be welded in front of the weld. When the gas mixed with the coolant forms a cooling airflow above the welding area, it can help the weld to cool quickly, thereby reducing the grain coarsening and material softening in the heat-affected zone. When the cooling airflow flows further forward to the area to be welded downstream of the shell 510, the area to be welded can be pre-cooled, that is, the weld being welded and formed downstream of the shell 510 can be preliminarily cooled. Specifically, this pre-cooling effect can bring the following effects: First, the temperature gradient can be controlled to reduce thermal stress and residual stress. Precooling reduces the temperature of the area to be welded before welding, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the high-temperature weld area and the surrounding low-temperature area. This reduction in temperature difference can effectively reduce the thermal stress and residual stress caused by uneven heating and cooling, and reduce microcracks or other welding defects that may occur due to stress concentration.

[0063] Secondly, inhibit grain coarsening and material softening. During the welding process, high temperature will lead to coarsening of grains and softening of materials in the heat-affected zone. Precooling the downstream area in advance can keep the temperature of the area to be welded lower during welding, thereby reducing the high temperature exposure time, avoiding excessive grain growth and softening, and helping to maintain or restore the original hardness and strength of the material.

[0064] Then, the microstructure and weld quality of the weld area can be improved. This is because precooling makes the weld formed by subsequent welding and its surrounding area more uniform during the cooling process, which helps to form a fine and uniform grain structure. This optimized microstructure usually corresponds to higher mechanical properties and better durability, thereby improving the overall quality of the entire weld joint.

[0065] Finally, pre-cooling can also shorten the cooling time and improve process stability. By pre-cooling the downstream area, the area after welding can quickly enter the appropriate temperature range, reducing the adverse effects caused by long-term high temperature, and also helping to shorten the cooling cycle and improve the stability and production efficiency of the welding process.

[0066] In summary, pre-cooling the weld and surrounding areas being welded downstream of the shell 510 not only helps to achieve a balanced temperature distribution and reduce the thermal stress and residual stress generated during welding, but also inhibits grain coarsening and material softening, thereby ensuring that the weld area has better microstructure and mechanical properties, ultimately improving the overall quality and reliability of the welded joint.

[0067] This embodiment can effectively pre-cool the area in front of the welding area through the relative arrangement of the air inlet 514 and the exhaust port 515 and the flow direction design. This design cools the joints of the unwelded area in advance during the welding process, avoiding welding defects (such as thermal cracks, material softening, etc.) that may be caused by excessive local temperature. In addition, due to the reasonable layout of the air inlet 514 and the exhaust port 515, the cooling airflow can stably cover the entire welding area, especially in the later stage of welding, the exhaust port 515 discharges the airflow to help the welding area cool quickly, thereby improving the quality and overall performance of the welded joint. Therefore, this embodiment improves the cooling efficiency through the optimized airflow path and flow control system, ensures the hardness recovery of the welded joint and the stable formation of the microstructure. Compared with the traditional cooling method, the design of the air inlet 514 and the exhaust port 515 makes the cooling effect more uniform and rapid, thereby improving the overall welding quality. It solves the problems of excessive temperature gradient and uneven cooling in the traditional cooling method, improves the quality and overall efficiency of the welded joint, and has significant technical advantages.

[0068] In order to prevent the airflow entering the air inlet 514 from interfering with the injection of the coolant during the injection of the coolant into the first flow channel, in some embodiments, such as Figure 3 to Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the liquid inlet 513 is opened on the opposite side of the shell 510 and the opening 512, and the liquid inlet 513 is configured to be arranged opposite to the welding seam of the plate 10 when the friction stir welding device is in the working state.

[0069] Specifically, when the friction stir welding device is in operation, the side of the plate 10 that is limited at the material placement plane 210 and is away from the welding table 20 is taken as the bottom surface, and the liquid inlet 513 is located above the plate 10, that is, the liquid inlet 513 is arranged on the opposite side of the housing 510 and the opening 512. This design ensures that the coolant will not be disturbed by the airflow of the air inlet 514 when entering the interior of the housing 510.

[0070] The main function of the liquid inlet 513 is to inject the coolant into the shell 510 and enter the first heat dissipation channel 60 to provide the required cooling effect for the welding area. The coolant quickly takes away the heat from the welding area through the heat dissipation channel, preventing the welding area from overheating and reducing the heat affected area. The coolant enters the shell 510 through the liquid inlet 513 and acts on the welding area together with the airflow. Since the liquid inlet 513 is located above the plate 10, the coolant can flow evenly through the welding area after entering the shell 510, taking away the heat and preventing the welding area from overheating.

[0071] In this embodiment, since the liquid inlet 513 is located above the plate 10, the coolant can smoothly enter and flow through the welding area, thereby strengthening the thermal management of the welding area. During the welding process, the coolant can effectively take away the heat, prevent the temperature of the welding area from being too high, and effectively avoid problems such as material deformation and thermal cracks caused by overheating. This layout also improves the flow efficiency of the coolant and reduces the negative interference of the airflow on the flow of the coolant, thereby improving the quality and precision of the welded joint. Therefore, this embodiment effectively avoids the interference of the airflow on the coolant injection process by arranging the liquid inlet 513 on the opposite side of the shell 510 and the opening 512, and ensures that the liquid inlet 513 is located above the plate 10, thereby improving the flow stability and cooling effect of the coolant. This design not only optimizes the cooling effect of the welding area, but also improves the quality and overall performance of the welded joint.

[0072] In order to ensure a good heat dissipation effect of the cooling mechanism 50, the first heat dissipation channel 60 needs to have a certain accumulation effect on the coolant to prevent the coolant from being quickly discharged from the exhaust port 515. Therefore, in some embodiments, Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the exhaust port 515 is configured to be located between the liquid inlet 513 and the opening 512 when the friction stir welding device is in operation.

[0073] The liquid inlet 513 is opened on the side of the shell 510 opposite to the opening 512, and the exhaust port 515 is opened between the two. A certain amount of coolant can be accumulated in the first heat dissipation channel 60. It can be understood that the temperatures of the joints of different panels 10 are different during welding, so the final target temperature of the weld is also different, so the required amount of coolant needs to be determined according to the welding temperature of different types of panels 10, and issues such as air flow rate and gradient cooling must also be considered.

[0074] Specifically, the location of the exhaust port 515 ensures that the coolant can accumulate in the first heat dissipation channel 60 for a period of time and will not be discharged too quickly due to the effect of the airflow, thereby maintaining a sufficient amount of coolant to ensure the stability of the heat dissipation effect. The design of the location of the exhaust port 515 ensures that the coolant can be properly accumulated in the first heat dissipation channel 60 to prevent the coolant from being discharged from the channel too quickly. The role of accumulating coolant is to increase the residence time of the coolant in the channel, so that it can fully play the role of heat exchange and take away more heat from the welding area, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.

[0075] When the friction stir welding device is working, the liquid inlet 513 injects the coolant into the first heat dissipation channel 60. The coolant begins to flow into the channel and is acted upon by the airflow to remove the heat from the welding area. The exhaust port 515 is located between the liquid inlet 513 and the opening 512. After the coolant flows into the channel, a certain amount of the coolant accumulates in the channel in front of the exhaust port 515. Through this configuration, the flow rate of the coolant is controlled to prevent it from being discharged too quickly, thereby ensuring that the coolant can stay in the channel for a sufficient time during the welding process to fully exchange heat with the high temperature of the welding area.

[0076] Furthermore, during the welding process, the temperature difference of the joints of different panels 10 will result in different final temperatures of the welds. In order to adapt to the welding temperatures of different joints, the flow rate and temperature of the coolant need to be adjusted according to the changes in the welding temperature. Through the design of accumulating coolant, the system can flexibly adjust the injection amount of coolant according to the welding temperature differences of different joints, thereby achieving the demand for gradient cooling. In particular, for areas with higher weld temperatures, the amount of coolant may need to be increased to better control temperature changes.

[0077] In this embodiment, by setting a reasonable position of the exhaust port 515, a certain amount of coolant can be accumulated in the first heat dissipation channel 60, thereby improving the residence time of the coolant and the heat exchange efficiency. This design not only optimizes the cooling effect, but also can flexibly adjust the flow rate of the coolant according to different welding temperature requirements, ensuring that the temperature change in the welding area is within a reasonable range, thereby improving the welding quality. Compared with the prior art, this solution solves the problem of excessive coolant flow rate by accurately controlling the coordination of coolant and airflow, and effectively improves the heat dissipation effect.

[0078] In order to perform gradient cooling on both sides of the weld at the same time, in some embodiments, as Figure 6 As shown, there are two groups of partition components 520, and the two groups of partition components 520 are configured to be located on both sides of the weld of the plate 10 when the friction stir welding device is in working state, and the opposite sides of the two groups of partition components 520 and the inner wall of the shell 510 and the side of the plate 10 away from the welding table 20 are surrounded to form a second heat dissipation channel 70. The second heat dissipation channel 70 is connected to the air inlet 514, the exhaust port 515 and the liquid inlet 513.

[0079] Among them, the second heat dissipation channel 70 is directly covering the welding seam area of ​​the plate 10 when the welding device is in working state, and the amount of liquid entering the second heat dissipation channel 70 through the liquid inlet 513 should be greater than any amount entering the first heat dissipation channel 60.

[0080] Specifically, the two groups of partition components 520 effectively isolate the second heat dissipation channel 70 and guide the coolant to flow through the weld area of ​​the plate 10. This design can make the cooling process of the areas on both sides of the weld have a gradient change, ensuring that the temperature difference on both sides of the weld is reasonably controlled. The second heat dissipation channel 70 is a closed area, connected to the air inlet 514, the exhaust port 515 and the liquid inlet 513, so as to maintain the flow of airflow and coolant in the working state, so that it can effectively cool the weld of the plate 10. The amount of coolant introduced into the second heat dissipation channel 70 by the liquid inlet 513 is relatively large, so as to better absorb heat and take away the high temperature of the weld area during the welding process, ensuring the strength and stability of the welded joint.

[0081] When the friction stir welding device enters the working state, the coolant enters the second heat dissipation channel 70 through the liquid inlet 513. Through the action of the partition assembly 520, the second heat dissipation channel 70 is accurately positioned in the weld area of ​​the plate 10. The amount of coolant introduced into the liquid inlet 513 is relatively large, ensuring that the coolant can fully flow through the weld area and accumulate in the channel to take away the heat from the weld area. In this way, the second heat dissipation channel 70 provides an effective heat exchange area for the coolant, thereby helping to gradually reduce the temperature.

[0082] In this embodiment, two groups of partition components 520 are arranged on both sides of the weld, and the second heat dissipation channel 70 effectively distributes the coolant in the weld area, ensuring the high efficiency of the second heat dissipation channel 70, not only ensuring the cooling effect on both sides of the weld, but also improving the flow efficiency of the coolant. The amount of coolant introduced into the liquid inlet 513 is large, which helps to more effectively remove the heat generated during the welding process, especially in high-temperature areas. Through reasonable adjustment of the coolant amount, the cooling requirements of different panels 10 during welding can be met, avoiding excessively high or low local temperatures, and ensuring the quality and strength of the welded joints under different welding conditions.

[0083] It should be noted that two groups of partition components 520 are installed in the shell 510, and the two groups of partition components 520 are respectively located on both sides of the weld to ensure that the temperature difference on both sides of the weld is effectively managed. During the welding process, the temperature difference between the forward side and the return side (the tangential direction of the rotation of the stirring member 420 is the same as the moving direction of the welding mechanism 40 during welding is called the forward side, and the rotation direction of the stirring member 420 is opposite to the moving direction of the welding mechanism 40 during welding is called the return side) will have an important impact on the recovery strength of the weld. By optimizing temperature control, especially through the gradient cooling of the second heat dissipation channel 70 and each first heat dissipation channel 60, the coolant can be accurately adjusted according to the temperature difference between the forward side and the return side. Specifically, the flow rate, flow rate and residence time of the coolant on the forward side and the return side are different, ensuring that the cooling process on both sides will not be too severe. In this way, the temperature difference formed on both sides of the weld helps to improve the strength and toughness of the welded joint.

[0084] The temperature difference between the forward and return sides has an important influence on the stress distribution, hardness and toughness of the welded joint. Appropriate gradient cooling can gradually reduce the temperature difference, avoid internal stress concentration caused by excessive temperature difference on both sides, and thus improve the mechanical properties of the weld.

[0085] Under the appropriate temperature gradient, the recovery strength of the weld is enhanced. The precise control of the coolant ensures that the weld will not crack or thermally deform due to local overheating or overcooling during the solidification and cooling process. This makes the welded joint not only have higher strength and toughness, but also better withstand subsequent workloads.

[0086] This embodiment provides an effective gradient cooling method by configuring two groups of partition components 520 and forming a second heat dissipation channel 70, so that the temperature difference on both sides of the weld during welding is reasonably controlled. The precise flow regulation of the coolant and the design of the cooling path help to improve the strength of the welded joint and reduce welding defects, especially in terms of weld strength recovery. Compared with the prior art, this solution improves the accuracy of the cooling effect, optimizes temperature control, and significantly improves the welding quality.

[0087] In one embodiment, the number of the liquid inlet 513 is only one, such as Figures 6 to 8 As shown, each partition 521 is provided with a connecting groove 5211, and the distance between the connecting groove 5211 and the opening 512 on each partition 521 in each partition assembly 520 is configured to decrease in sequence from the distance between each partition 521 and the second heat dissipation channel 70 when the friction stir welding device is in the working state. The friction stir welding device also includes an injection mechanism, and the liquid source is connected to the liquid inlet 513 through the injection mechanism to control the amount of coolant fed.

[0088] When the friction stir welding device is in working state, the liquid inlet 513 is set to be opposite to the weld seam of the plate 10, and the coolant passes through the second heat dissipation channel 70 directly through the liquid inlet 513. When the coolant height in the second heat dissipation channel 70 constitutes the height of the connecting groove 5211 on the partition 521 of the second heat dissipation channel 70, the coolant flows into the two first heat dissipation channels 60 adjacent to the second heat dissipation channel 70, and then the coolant flows into the adjacent first heat dissipation channels 60 through the connecting groove 5211 on each partition 521 at a time until the injection amount of the coolant reaches the target amount. At this time, the coolant in each first heat dissipation channel 60 should be exactly flush with the inner wall of the connecting groove 5211 close to the plate 10.

[0089] It should be noted that the opening position of the connecting groove 5211 on each partition 521 needs to meet the design principle of the closer to the second heat dissipation channel 70, the farther from the plate 10 (when the welding device is in working state) and the farther from the second heat dissipation channel 70, the closer to the plate 10 (when the welding device is in working state), so as to ensure that the second heat dissipation channel 70 and the first heat dissipation channel 60 close to the second heat dissipation channel 70 can accumulate more coolant, so that the temperature of the plate 10 area corresponding to the second heat dissipation channel 70 and the first heat dissipation channel 60 close to the second heat dissipation channel 70 is reduced to a greater extent, so as to achieve gradient cooling of the weld and its surrounding areas. In addition, the height of the exhaust port 515 from the plate 10 should be higher than the height of the connecting groove 5211 on the partition 521 constituting the second heat dissipation channel 70 from the plate 10.

[0090] Specifically, the number of the liquid inlet 513 is configured as a single configuration, and the liquid inlet 513 is directly opposite to the weld area of ​​the plate 10, so that the coolant can directly flow into the second heat dissipation channel 70 and act preferentially on the weld area. In addition, the liquid inlet 513 is connected to the liquid source through an injection mechanism, and the injection mechanism can accurately control the amount of coolant delivered to ensure that the cooling effect meets actual needs.

[0091] Each partition 521 is provided with a connecting groove 5211, which guides the coolant after it is injected, ensuring that the coolant flows along a predetermined path. Specifically, the distance between the connecting groove 5211 and the opening 512 is successively reduced with the distance between the partition 521 and the second heat dissipation channel 70. This means that the connecting groove 5211 of the partition 521 closer to the second heat dissipation channel 70 is located higher and farther from the plate 10. The connecting groove 5211 of the partition 521 farther from the second heat dissipation channel 70 is set lower and closer to the plate 10.

[0092] The coolant enters the second heat dissipation channel 70 through the liquid inlet 513 and accumulates along the channel. When the height of the coolant reaches the height of the connecting groove 5211 on the partition 521, the coolant flows into the first heat dissipation channel 60 adjacent to the second heat dissipation channel 70. This process is carried out step by step. The coolant flows from the second heat dissipation channel 70 into the first heat dissipation channel 60 through the connecting groove 5211, ensuring that the coolant can fully cover the weld area and enter the adjacent area through the connecting groove 5211.

[0093] When the injection amount of the coolant reaches the set target amount, the height of the coolant in each first heat dissipation channel 60 is just flush with the inner wall of the connecting groove 5211 close to the plate 10 .

[0094] During the coolant injection process, the coolant enters the second heat dissipation channel 70 from the liquid inlet 513. The coolant covers the weld area through the channel until it contacts the connecting groove 5211 on the partition 521. As the coolant is continuously injected, the coolant in the second heat dissipation channel 70 will gradually accumulate to form a certain height. When the coolant height reaches the height of the connecting groove 5211, the coolant will begin to flow to the first heat dissipation channel 60 adjacent to the second heat dissipation channel 70, and finally be evenly distributed in each first heat dissipation channel 60. This process continues until the coolant injection amount reaches the target amount, ensuring that the coolant amount and height in each channel meet the design requirements.

[0095] The design of the connecting groove 5211 allows the coolant to flow between the second heat dissipation channel 70 and the adjacent first heat dissipation channel 60, thereby forming a temperature gradient in different areas. This design allows the coolant to accumulate more liquid in the area close to the second heat dissipation channel 70, thereby achieving a stronger cooling effect on the weld and its surrounding areas. This gradient cooling not only ensures effective cooling of the weld, but also allows the temperature of the plate 10 to be more evenly distributed, avoiding welding defects caused by excessive temperature differences during the cooling process.

[0096] Specifically, a decreasing heat dissipation rate distribution is adopted, so that the second heat dissipation channel 70 (corresponding to the weld) has the fastest heat dissipation efficiency, and the closer each first heat dissipation channel 60 is to the weld, the higher the heat dissipation rate is, and as the distance from the weld increases, the heat dissipation rate of each heat dissipation channel decreases successively. This design in which the heat dissipation efficiency decreases successively from the weld to both sides has the following advantages: Rapid cooling is carried out according to the high temperature characteristics of the weld. Since the temperature at the weld is the highest, the highest heat dissipation rate can quickly reduce the temperature of the weld area in the shortest time, shorten the high temperature retention time, and effectively inhibit the excessive coarsening and softening of the grains, lock the fine and uniform grain structure, and improve the hardness and strength of the weld area.

[0097] A gentle temperature gradient can also be formed. The second heat dissipation channel 70 in direct contact with the weld adopts a higher heat dissipation rate, while the heat dissipation rate of the first heat dissipation channel 60 close to the weld but not directly in the weld area is slightly lower, and then gradually weakens outward, so that a gentle temperature gradient can be formed in the weld and its surrounding area, avoiding rapid thermal contraction caused by excessive local temperature difference, thereby effectively reducing the generation of thermal stress and residual stress.

[0098] Although the temperature of the area around the weld is higher, it is not as high as the weld itself, and the required cooling intensity is relatively moderate. Through the design of decreasing in sequence, it can ensure that the area in direct contact with the weld cools down more quickly, while the cooling rate of the area slightly farther away is moderate, and then further reduced, forming a gradual cooling effect from the inside to the outside, so as to better coordinate the thermal contraction of the weld and the surrounding area, and reduce the risk of tensile stress and micro cracks caused by sudden temperature changes.

[0099] This design makes the cooling process more precise and balanced, which can not only quickly lock the microstructure at the weld and restore or maintain the original hardness, but also avoid excessive temperature difference and residual stress around the weld caused by too rapid cooling, thereby improving the mechanical properties and service life of the welded joint as a whole.

[0100] Furthermore, in this design, the cooling channel closest to the weld adopts the highest heat dissipation rate, so that the weld area can be cooled quickly; while the channel farther away from the weld adopts a lower heat dissipation rate, thereby delaying the cooling process of the surrounding area. Through this differentiated design, the cooling process of the weld and the surrounding area can be more coordinated to avoid excessive temperature differences. Moreover, during the overall cooling process, the temperature of each area can tend to reach the preset target temperature within a similar time, thereby reducing the thermal stress and internal stress caused by the sudden temperature change. Moreover, the cooling rate of each area can be further optimized by finely controlling the amount of coolant injected, the airflow rate, and the heat dissipation area in each first heat dissipation channel 60. The cooling parameters obtained by experiment or calculation can be used to adjust the cooling system so that the weld and the surrounding area are both reduced to the target temperature range within a predetermined time, thereby ensuring the stability of the overall welding joint quality.

[0101] Therefore, the use of this scheme of gradual decrease can not only quickly cool down the weld to lock the microstructure, but also, under the overall coordination with the temperature drop in the surrounding area, the temperature of the weld and the surrounding area can be reduced to the same target temperature in a similar time, thereby effectively reducing the residual stress and microcrack risks caused by uneven temperature, and further improving the overall quality of the weld joint.

[0102] It should be noted that the height of the exhaust port 515 is higher than the height of the connecting groove 5211 on the partition 521 constituting the second heat dissipation channel 70 from the plate 10. This ensures that the accumulation of coolant does not affect the stability of the cooling process, and the exhaust port 515 can timely discharge excess gas or coolant vapor when the coolant accumulates to a certain amount.

[0103] In summary, by configuring a single liquid inlet 513 and setting a connecting groove 5211 on each partition 521, the design effectively controls the flow path and accumulation of the coolant in the second heat dissipation channel 70 and its adjacent first heat dissipation channel 60. This structural design not only ensures the gradient cooling of both sides of the weld during welding, but also improves the cooling efficiency and improves the strength and quality of the welded joint. Compared with the prior art, this technical solution provides a more precise temperature control and coolant flow design, effectively avoids the problem of uneven cooling that may occur during the cooling process, and significantly improves the welding quality and accuracy.

[0104] In another embodiment, the number of liquid inlets 513 is several, and each liquid inlet 513 is connected to the second heat dissipation channel 70 and each first heat dissipation channel 60 in a one-to-one correspondence. The stir friction welding device also includes an injection mechanism, and the number of the injection mechanism is several, and each injection mechanism is connected to the liquid source, and each injection mechanism is connected to each liquid inlet 513 in a one-to-one correspondence, so as to inject different amounts of coolant into the second heat dissipation channel 70 and each first heat dissipation channel 60 respectively when the stir friction welding device is in a working state. Wherein, when the stir friction welding device is in a working state, the coolant injection amount of each injection mechanism is configured so that the coolant injection amount of each first heat dissipation channel 60 is less than the coolant injection amount of the second heat dissipation channel 70, and the coolant injection amount in each first heat dissipation channel 60 decreases in sequence with the distance from the corresponding first heat dissipation channel 60 to the second heat dissipation channel 70. Furthermore, when the friction stir welding device is in operation, the height of the exhaust port 515 from the plate 10 should be higher than the height of the coolant to be accumulated in the second heat dissipation channel 70 and the height of the coolant to be accumulated in each first heat dissipation channel 60 .

[0105] Specifically, in this embodiment, the number of liquid inlets 513 is several. Each liquid inlet 513 is connected to the second heat dissipation channel 70 and the first heat dissipation channel 60 in a one-to-one correspondence. This design ensures that each heat dissipation channel can receive coolant independently and evenly, thereby better controlling the cooling effect. By adding multiple liquid inlets 513, different amounts of coolant can be injected into different areas, and refined temperature control can be performed according to the temperature requirements of different areas.

[0106] As for the configuration and function of the injection mechanism, the number of the injection mechanisms corresponds to the number of the liquid inlets 513. The friction stir welding device also includes a plurality of injection mechanisms, each of which is connected to a liquid source and corresponds to each liquid inlet 513. These injection mechanisms control the flow and distribution of the coolant to ensure that the injection amount of the coolant in different heat dissipation channels can be adjusted according to actual needs. When the friction stir welding device is working, each injection mechanism injects different amounts of coolant into the second heat dissipation channel 70 and each first heat dissipation channel 60.

[0107] The amount and distribution of coolant injected into each channel. First, the amount of coolant injected is precisely controlled by the injection mechanism. When the friction stir welding device is in operation, the amount of coolant received by the second heat dissipation channel 70 is greater than that of the first heat dissipation channel 60. This is because the second heat dissipation channel 70 directly covers the weld area and requires more coolant to quickly absorb heat and effectively cool down. The first heat dissipation channel 60 receives a relatively small amount of coolant to prevent over-cooling and ensure a smooth transition of the cooling effect.

[0108] The connection between the coolant and each channel, the amount of coolant injected into each first heat dissipation channel 60 is negatively correlated with the distance from the corresponding first heat dissipation channel 60 to the second heat dissipation channel 70. That is, the farther the first heat dissipation channel 60 is from the second heat dissipation channel 70, the less the amount of coolant injected. This design makes the coolant distribution more reasonable, avoids the waste caused by excessive coolant, and ensures the precise control of the cooling process.

[0109] Furthermore, the matching relationship between the liquid inlet 513 and the injection mechanism ensures that the coolant can be accurately distributed to each heat dissipation channel. By controlling the flow of each injection mechanism, the temperature gradient can be adjusted between different heat dissipation channels, thereby effectively avoiding welding defects caused by uneven cooling.

[0110] Furthermore, since the second heat dissipation channel 70 has a higher cooling requirement, its injection volume is greater than that of each first heat dissipation channel 60, which helps to cool the weld and its surrounding area more effectively during the welding process. The first heat dissipation channel 60 mainly plays an auxiliary cooling role to reduce overheating in the area around the weld joint.

[0111] It is understandable that the position of the exhaust port 515 is higher than the height of the coolant that needs to be accumulated in the second heat dissipation channel 70 and the first heat dissipation channel 60. This design ensures that the accumulation of coolant will not excessively affect the normal cooling function of the heat dissipation channel, and at the same time ensures that the system can promptly remove excess gas to maintain a stable cooling effect.

[0112] During the operation of the cooling mechanism 50 of the stir friction welding device, the liquid source needs to be sent into each liquid inlet 513 through the injection mechanism to start injecting the coolant. Each injection mechanism sends the coolant into the second heat dissipation channel 70 and each first heat dissipation channel 60 respectively. The amount of coolant in the second heat dissipation channel 70 is greater than that in each first heat dissipation channel 60 to ensure that the weld area can be sufficiently cooled. The first heat dissipation channel 60 adjusts the amount of coolant injected according to the distance from the second heat dissipation channel 70 and the cooling requirements. In addition, since the amount of coolant injected is adjusted according to the distance and temperature control requirements of each channel, during the welding process, the coolant can achieve more precise cooling according to the temperature difference in different areas. This refined temperature control method helps to improve the welding quality and ensure the strength and stability of the weld.

[0113] In this embodiment, more efficient cooling is achieved during the welding process through more efficient coolant distribution and precise control of the coolant injection amount according to the needs of each flow channel. In particular, the coolant injection amount of the second heat dissipation flow channel 70 is large, which can more effectively cool the weld area while avoiding problems such as overcooling or uneven temperature. In addition, since the coolant injection amount in the second heat dissipation flow channel 70 is large, the temperature of the weld area can be quickly reduced to prevent welding defects caused by excessive thermal stress. The relatively small amount of coolant in the first heat dissipation flow channel 60 ensures that the temperature change in the area around the weld joint is gentle, thereby effectively avoiding excessive temperature differences and welding stress.

[0114] It should be noted that the heat dissipation efficiency in this embodiment also decreases from the weld to both sides. This design has the same effect as the design in the aforementioned embodiment with only one liquid inlet 513, and will not be elaborated here.

[0115] Furthermore, through the configuration of multiple injection mechanisms and liquid inlet 513, the injection amount and distribution of the coolant can be flexibly adjusted according to different welding requirements to ensure that the cooling effect of each flow channel can be optimized. This flexible design can meet the needs of different materials, different thicknesses and different welding processes, providing higher welding accuracy and better welding quality.

[0116] In summary, this embodiment can achieve accurate temperature control of the welding area by equipping the friction stir welding device with multiple liquid inlets 513 and multiple injection mechanisms and accurately controlling the amount of coolant injected into each heat dissipation channel. Compared with the traditional cooling system, the design of this embodiment not only improves the cooling efficiency and optimizes the temperature control effect, but also avoids the generation of uneven cooling and welding defects, and significantly improves the welding quality.

[0117] It should be noted that the above two embodiments (only one liquid inlet 513 and multiple liquid inlets 513) respectively describe the injection and distribution methods of the coolant in the stir friction welding device. Although they are different in design structure, the ultimate goal is to achieve accurate cooling of the welding area to avoid excessively fast or excessively slow cooling affecting the welding quality. The following is a comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the two embodiments: In the first embodiment, only a single liquid inlet 513 is designed, but through the connecting groove 5211 on the partition 521, each first heat dissipation channel 60 can only accommodate the designed target amount of coolant, thereby achieving precise gradient cooling of the area around the weld.

[0118] The number of liquid inlets 513 in this embodiment is a single configuration, which simplifies the structure and operation of the system and reduces the complexity of the components. By setting a connecting groove 5211 on the partition 521 and designing it according to the distance of the flow channel, the gradual injection and flow of the coolant in different areas can be achieved. The coolant is guided by the connecting groove 5211 and gradually flows into the second heat dissipation channel 70 and the first heat dissipation channel 60 to achieve gradient cooling. This makes the cooling process more controllable and avoids welding defects caused by excessive temperature differences. The coolant enters the second heat dissipation channel 70 through the liquid inlet 513 and acts preferentially on the weld area, effectively avoiding overheating problems during welding. The injection amount and flow path of the coolant are precisely controlled by the design, so the temperature of the welding area can be more effectively controlled to avoid cooling too fast or too slow.

[0119] However, although this embodiment has the above advantages, there is only a single liquid inlet 513 as a whole, which may result in a certain restriction on the flow of the coolant, especially in a large welding area or a complex welding structure, the uniformity of the coolant flow may be affected. In addition, since the flow of the coolant depends on the relative height difference between the connecting grooves 5211, some areas may cool more slowly, resulting in less than ideal temperature control effect, especially when the flow channel design is more complex.

[0120] In the second embodiment, a plurality of liquid inlets 513 are designed to precisely control the amount of coolant injected through the injection mechanism.

[0121] This embodiment has a plurality of liquid inlets 513 and an injection mechanism configured so that the coolant can be accurately distributed to each flow channel, thereby making the cooling effect more uniform. Each flow channel can receive different amounts of coolant as needed to ensure the accuracy of temperature control. In addition, since the injection amount of the coolant can be independently controlled, it can be adjusted according to the temperature control requirements of different regions to meet the requirements of different materials, thicknesses and welding processes. For example, the second heat dissipation flow channel 70 (weld area) can receive more coolant, while the first heat dissipation flow channel 60 receives less coolant. The precise temperature control design helps to better avoid problems such as overheating and excessive thermal stress during the welding process, thereby improving the strength and stability of the welded joint. The precise control of the coolant helps to achieve gradient cooling on both sides of the weld, reduces the temperature difference, and avoids welding defects caused by uneven cooling. The design of the exhaust port 515 position ensures that the accumulation of coolant does not affect the cooling function of the heat dissipation flow channel, and can discharge excessive gas or coolant vapor in time to ensure the stability and efficiency of the cooling system.

[0122] However, although this embodiment has the above advantages, the configuration of multiple liquid inlets 513 and injection mechanisms increases the complexity of the system, and the manufacturing and maintenance costs may be high. Multiple injection mechanisms and liquid inlets 513 need to be precisely matched and controlled, which may increase the technical difficulty during implementation. In addition, in order to ensure that the flow rate of each liquid inlet 513 and injection mechanism can be accurately controlled, the system requires more complex sensors and control systems, which will increase the cost and maintenance difficulty of the system.

[0123] Therefore, after comprehensive consideration, the first embodiment is suitable for welding tasks of smaller scale and simple structure. Due to its relatively simple design and low cost, it is suitable for simple and standardized welding tasks, especially when the coolant flow path is relatively short. The second embodiment is suitable for complex welding tasks, especially those that require precise control of coolant distribution and temperature control, such as multi-pass welding, large panels 10 or welding of different materials. Although the cost and complexity are higher, it can provide higher accuracy and reliability.

[0124] Furthermore, in order to more accurately control the temperature reduction amplitude and temperature reduction rate of each channel (each first heat dissipation channel 60 and each second heat dissipation channel 70) during operation, in some embodiments, the number of air inlets 514 is several, and each air inlet 514 is connected to the second heat dissipation channel 70 and each first heat dissipation channel 60 in a one-to-one correspondence. The number of fans is several, and each fan is connected to each air inlet 514 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0125] Specifically, there are several air inlets 514, and each air inlet 514 is connected to the second heat dissipation channel 70 and each first heat dissipation channel 60 in a one-to-one correspondence. This means that each channel has an independent air inlet 514, which helps to achieve more precise air flow control and ensure the cooling effect of each heat dissipation channel when working. Several fans are connected to the corresponding air inlets 514 through pipes. The airflow delivered by the fans is combined with the coolant to act together on the thermal management system in the heat dissipation channel. The airflow provides additional heat exchange and enhances the cooling effect of the coolant. The airflow of the fan and the flow of the coolant form a complementary heat dissipation mechanism, which further improves the cooling effect. Among them, the number of fans is consistent with the number of air inlets 514, which ensures that each channel can get separate airflow support, thereby avoiding airflow interference between multiple channels and improving cooling efficiency and temperature control accuracy.

[0126] When the friction stir welding device is in operation, each fan forces air or gas into the corresponding heat dissipation channel through the air inlet 514. Each fan adjusts the wind speed and air volume according to the requirements of the heat dissipation channel to achieve more accurate and efficient temperature control.

[0127] Among them, the wind speed of each fan can be accurately adjusted by the control system to ensure that the cooling rate of each heat dissipation channel meets the requirements. For the second heat dissipation channel 70, this means that the wind speed is higher to quickly reduce the temperature of the welding area. The wind speed of the first heat dissipation channel 60 is relatively low to avoid overcooling the surrounding area. In addition, the use of the fan can dynamically adjust the air flow according to the actual welding temperature requirements to ensure that the temperature change is smooth, and no areas with too high or too low temperatures will be generated, preventing welding defects caused by local overheating or uneven cooling.

[0128] This embodiment introduces multiple fans and air inlets 514 and accurately controls the flow rate and speed of the airflow, so that this embodiment can achieve more efficient and accurate temperature control during the friction stir welding process. The combined design of the fan and the air inlet 514 allows the cooling process to be finely adjusted, providing the required cooling rate for different areas, thereby effectively optimizing the cooling effect of the coolant, improving the welding quality, and reducing welding defects.

[0129] In order to optimize the gradient heat dissipation effect of the cooling mechanism 50 on the weld of the plate 10 and the surrounding area, a control method for the friction stir welding device in the second embodiment (when the number of liquid inlets 513 is several and the separator 521 is not provided with a connecting groove 5211) is proposed. The control method needs to achieve the following four goals at the same time: 1. Accelerate the cooling rate of the weld area and the area around the weld.

[0130] 2. Ensure that the temperature drop rate in the weld area (corresponding to the second heat dissipation channel 70 ) is greater than the temperature drop rate on both sides of the weld (corresponding to each first heat dissipation channel 60 ).

[0131] 3. Gradient cooling is achieved along the areas on both sides of the weld (the first heat dissipation channel 60 ), that is, the closer to the weld, the faster the cooling, and the farther away from the weld, the slower the cooling.

[0132] 4. Make each area (weld area and both side areas) drop to the predetermined target temperature (for example, ambient temperature 25°C or slightly higher than ambient temperature 50°C) in almost the same time.

[0133] In order to achieve the above goals at the same time, the specific control scheme includes: First, the overall control idea is as follows: In this solution, the cooling process in the cooling mechanism is divided into multiple "temperature control zones", among which the weld area corresponds to the second heat dissipation channel 70, and requires the highest cooling rate. The areas on both sides of the weld correspond to the first heat dissipation channels 60, and can be further divided into several sub-areas according to the distance from the weld, and the cooling rate is required to decrease gradually (that is, the closer to the weld, the faster the cooling, and the farther away, the slower the cooling).

[0134] The whole system is based on the overall concept of "setting target cooling curve by zone - multi-channel closed-loop feedback adjustment - central coordinated control". Through real-time adjustment of the coolant injection amount and airflow (fan speed, airflow direction) of each channel, it ensures that the cooling rate of each area meets the local requirements and that each area reaches the target temperature at the same time within the predetermined time, thereby avoiding thermal stress and residual stress caused by excessive temperature differences in each area.

[0135] Secondly, the specific system composition includes: The temperature sensing network is equipped with high-precision temperature sensors in the weld area and on both sides of the weld to collect temperature data of each control area in real time. It should be noted that each temperature sensor should be installed in the second heat dissipation channel 70 and each first heat dissipation channel 60, and should be in contact with the surface of the plate 10 as much as possible when the welding device is in working state, so as to reflect the temperature of the weld and the area around the weld as accurately as possible.

[0136] Flow and airflow control device, each heat dissipation channel is equipped with an independent coolant injection device (injection mechanism) and a matching adjustable valve, and is also equipped with a single or group controlled fan (or airflow adjustment device) to respectively regulate the coolant flow and airflow rate.

[0137] The central control unit, which uses a PLC or embedded microcontroller and integrates multiple PID (or more advanced model predictive control, MPC) controllers, is responsible for receiving sensor data from each area, calculating control errors and outputting coolant and airflow adjustment instructions for each area, while achieving coordination and dynamic compensation between areas.

[0138] Then, the detailed steps of the control method are as follows: Preset target temperature curve and zoning planning, including: Target temperature setting. Preset target temperature according to process requirements (e.g. 25℃ or 50℃), and set the temperature to drop from the current maximum temperature to Time required .

[0139] Area division and cooling curve planning. The weld area (second heat dissipation channel 70) is set as the "fast cooling zone", and the areas on both sides of the weld (each first heat dissipation channel 60) are further divided into several sub-areas according to the distance from the weld (for example, the area close to the weld is the "medium cooling zone", and the outermost area is the "slow cooling zone"). And an ideal cooling curve is pre-set for each area. , requiring each region to The internal average is smoothed to (Although the initial temperatures are different, they can be reached synchronously by compensating the cooling rate).

[0140] Real-time data collection and error calculation. Sensors in each area collect temperature in real time (in Represents each control area), and transmits the data to the central control unit. Calculate the control error for each area: .in, The cooling target curve value preset for the area. Independent PID closed-loop regulation for each area Configure an independent PID controller for each area, and its output includes: Coolant injection adjustment amount (used to adjust the injection flow in this area) and airflow (fan speed) adjustment (Used to adjust cooling air flow rate).

[0141] Control strategies, including: For the weld area (the second heat dissipation channel 70), since the highest cooling rate is required, when the error is large (temperature is too high), the PID controller outputs a larger positive adjustment signal, thereby increasing the amount of coolant injected and the air flow rate, so as to achieve rapid local heat dissipation.

[0142] For the areas on both sides of the weld (the first heat dissipation channel 60), the control parameters are set to have gradient parameters according to the distance from the weld. The following methods can be used: .in, is the distance between the flow channel and the weld, the closer to the weld The smaller the value, the closer the preset injection volume is. The farther away, the lower the preset injection volume. Similarly, the air flow rate is also set according to a similar gradient relationship.

[0143] The PID controller is based on the error in each area Adjust the actual injection volume and fan speed to compensate for system response.

[0144] Then, central coordination and dynamic compensation are as follows: Although the initial temperature and heat dissipation capacity of each area are different, the goal is to require each area to At the same time, it drops to .

[0145] The coordination logic is that the central control unit regularly compares the cooling progress of each area. If it is found that a certain area cools down too fast or too slow, it will make the following compensation: If the temperature of the weld area drops too quickly (ahead of target), reduce the amount of coolant injected or the fan speed (or increase preheating compensation) appropriately. If the temperature of the areas on both sides of the weld drops too slowly (behind target), increase the amount of coolant injected and the airflow speed in the corresponding areas.

[0146] The above-mentioned dynamic coordination is achieved by adjusting the output reference value of the PID controller of each area or directly adjusting the preset gradient parameters of each channel.

[0147] Among them, the reference model can adopt a distributed model predictive control (MPC) method to predict the temperature change trend of each area based on the current temperature distribution, cooling equipment dynamics and welding head movement speed, and adjust the cooling parameters of each channel in advance, so that the temperature curve of each area converges to the preset target curve.

[0148] Furthermore, since the cooling mechanism and the welding mechanism 40 move synchronously along the plate 10, the system also needs to consider the effect of the welding head moving speed on heat conduction and pre-compensate for the lag caused by the movement. In front of the welding head (pre-cooling area), the fan speed can be appropriately increased in advance and the amount of coolant injection can be increased so that the area where the weld is about to be formed can be reduced to an appropriate temperature before welding, thereby shortening the overall cooling delay and ensuring that each area reaches the target temperature at the same time.

[0149] In this embodiment, after using the above control method, each key control node is implemented as follows: To accelerate the cooling, when the temperature sensor detects a large deviation in the welding seam area (the second heat dissipation channel 70), the coolant flow rate and the air flow rate are quickly increased through the PID closed loop to achieve rapid heat dissipation.

[0150] Zone difference control, preset gradients of coolant and air flow in the two sides of the weld (by function It ensures that the area closer to the weld has a faster cooling rate, while the area farther from the weld has a slower cooling rate.

[0151] Synchronous cooling: the central coordination control unit compares the cooling progress of each area in real time and dynamically adjusts the output of each channel to ensure that each area drops to the target temperature within the predetermined time despite different local heat dissipation rates.

[0152] Closed-loop feedback and dynamic compensation, through the coordinated work of zone temperature acquisition, PID control and MPC prediction (or other advanced control algorithms), achieve rapid correction of temperature errors and ensure system stability, ensuring that the overall cooling process of the weld and surrounding areas is smooth and balanced.

[0153] The key to the control method in this embodiment is: Zone setting and preset target curve, that is, pre-planning the cooling curve according to the different thermal characteristics of the weld and the areas on both sides; Multi-parameter closed-loop control.

[0154] The coolant injection amount and airflow rate are regulated separately, and independent PID loops are used to achieve local fine adjustment.

[0155] Centrally coordinated dynamic compensation coordinates the parameters of each channel through real-time monitoring and prediction of temperature change trends in each area to ensure that each area reaches the target temperature synchronously.

[0156] In summary, the control method can not only achieve rapid cooling of the weld area and gradient cooling of the two side areas, but also enable each area to cool to the same target temperature within a predetermined time, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the quality of the weld joint and reducing thermal stress and residual stress. In addition, by combining hardware (temperature sensor, adjustable valve, fan controller) with software (central control algorithm, PID / MPC algorithm), the solution can flexibly adapt to different welding conditions and meet the four requirements of the cooling mechanism 50 in the stir friction welding device proposed in one embodiment of the present application.

[0157] It should be noted that in the above control method, in the step of "temperature sensing network, high-precision temperature sensors are arranged in the weld area and on both sides of the weld to collect temperature data of each control area in real time.", the temperature sensors installed in each heat dissipation channel should not be able to directly measure the temperature inside the weld and the temperature inside the areas on both sides of the weld. Therefore, in order to ensure that the internal temperature of the weld area and the internal temperature of the areas on both sides of the weld can eventually drop to the target temperature, a temperature compensation scheme is proposed to compensate for the problem that the temperature sensors installed in each heat dissipation channel cannot directly measure the internal temperature of the weld and the internal temperature on both sides of the weld. This scheme establishes the conversion relationship between the temperature sensor detection value and the actual internal temperature through three steps of experimental calibration, data modeling and online compensation, thereby realizing temperature compensation for different materials, different plate thicknesses, and using their respective optimal welding parameters. The specific scheme is as follows: For different materials and plate thicknesses, test welding is carried out under the conditions of corresponding optimal welding parameters (such as welding moving speed, stirring piece 420 rotation speed, down force, etc.). During the test, auxiliary temperature sensors are installed (or embedded) inside the weld area and inside both sides, and conventional temperature sensors are installed in the heat dissipation channel to collect temperature data on the surface or adjacent areas. Then, the "internal temperature" data collected by the auxiliary sensor is compared with the "surface or near-surface temperature" data detected by the heat dissipation channel sensor, and a mathematical model (such as a linear or nonlinear regression model) is established using statistical or regression methods to obtain a temperature difference compensation function between the two. This function will take into account the influence of the thermal conductivity of the material, plate thickness, welding heat input, and other welding parameters.

[0158] During the actual welding process, the central control system collects the temperature in real time based on the sensor in the heat dissipation channel. , using a pre-established compensation function to calculate the estimated internal temperature : .

[0159] in, is the compensation value function, the parameters include material , plate thickness , welding parameters (such as welding speed, stirring speed, down force, etc.) and the current detection value of the sensor .

[0160] Furthermore, to improve the accuracy, an online adaptive adjustment algorithm (such as adaptive filtering or online learning) can be used to continuously update the compensation function parameters using other reference temperatures collected periodically (such as surface temperature monitored by infrared imaging) to ensure that the compensation effect adapts to the slight fluctuations in the actual working conditions.

[0161] Specific implementation plans include: Representative samples of different materials and plate thicknesses were selected, and test welding was carried out using the optimal welding parameters.

[0162] Micro thermocouples (or other suitable temperature sensors) are buried inside the weld area and the two side areas to ensure that the internal temperature can be directly recorded. At the same time, standard temperature sensors are installed in each heat dissipation channel (i.e. the conventional installation position of temperature sensors) to record the surface or near-surface temperature.

[0163] During the welding process, record the temperature curve of each measuring point over time, pay attention to record the welding parameters (welding speed, stirring speed, down force, etc.), material properties (thermal conductivity, heat capacity, etc.) and plate thickness information. And obtain the internal temperature curve of the weld area through analysis , Temperature curve of weld surface (or near surface) And the internal and surface temperature curves on both sides of the weld and .

[0164] Compare the internal temperature with the temperature detected by the sensor to obtain the temperature difference data: . And analyze the relationship between the temperature difference and time, temperature, material, plate thickness, welding parameters, etc. to determine whether there is a linear or nonlinear correlation.

[0165] Then, a linear, polynomial or other nonlinear model (even a neural network fitting) is used to obtain a more accurate compensation function as follows: In addition, compensation models are established for the weld area and the areas on both sides, respectively. Note that the compensation coefficients of different areas may be different due to different heat conduction and cooling conditions.

[0166] Next, the model was cross-validated using some test data to check the estimated internal temperature The error between the actual measured internal temperature ensures that the compensation accuracy meets the process requirements.

[0167] Finally, in the central control unit, according to the welding material, plate thickness and current welding parameters, the corresponding compensation function is called to calculate the temperature collected by the sensor in the heat dissipation channel in real time. Perform compensation calculations to obtain an estimated internal temperature .

[0168] Furthermore, we can also With preset target temperature curve Compare, calculate the error, and feed back to the cooling system (adjust the amount of coolant injection, airflow rate, etc.) to ensure that the actual internal temperature reaches the target temperature as soon as possible. Moreover, if conditions permit, an online correction algorithm can be further introduced. For example, the surface temperature monitored by periodic infrared thermal imaging or some repeatedly collected internal temperature data can be used to fine-tune the compensation model parameters so that the control system can adapt to the slight changes in the environment and workpiece parameters during the welding process.

[0169] Therefore, by adopting the above scheme, the temperature inside the weld area and the areas on both sides of the weld under different materials, plate thicknesses and different welding conditions can be effectively estimated, and the cooling strategy can be adjusted accordingly to ensure that each area can eventually reach the expected target temperature.

[0170] The above contents described in this specification are merely examples of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, as long as they do not deviate from the contents of the present specification or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A friction stir welding device based on battery shell manufacturing, used for welding the seams between the assembled panels of the battery shell, characterized in that: include: The welding table includes a material placement plane for placing the plate; A positioning mechanism connected to the welding table to restrict the plate to the material placement plane when the welding device is in working state; Welding mechanism, controlled movement, comprising: The rotating part rotates in a controlled manner; A stirring member connected to the rotating part to move therewith; A cooling mechanism is connected to the welding mechanism, and the cooling mechanism comprises: A shell, wherein an accommodating space is provided inside the shell, and an opening, an air inlet, a liquid inlet, and an exhaust port are provided on an outer surface of the shell, and all of the three ports are connected to the accommodating space; A partition assembly is arranged in the accommodating space, and the partition assembly includes: A plurality of parallel partitions, wherein the side surfaces of adjacent partitions facing each other are configured to form a first heat dissipation channel together with the surface of the plate and the inner wall of the shell when the opening is in contact with the surface of the plate, and the first heat dissipation channel is connected with the air inlet, the exhaust port and the liquid inlet; a liquid source, connected to the liquid inlet, to deliver cooling liquid into the first heat dissipation channel; a fan, connected to the air inlet, to flow air into the first heat dissipation channel; Wherein, when the welding device is in working state, the side of the shell having the opening is in contact with the side of the plate restricted on the loading plane which is away from the welding table, the opening cover is arranged at the plate weld, and the partition assembly is located on the side of the plate weld to form a plurality of the first heat dissipation channels at a target distance from the plate weld.

2. A friction stir welding device for manufacturing a battery shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet and the exhaust port are arranged opposite to each other, and the air inlet and the exhaust port are configured so that when the welding device is in a working state, a center line connecting the two is parallel to an extension direction of a plate weld.

3. A friction stir welding device for manufacturing a battery shell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The separator is a partition plate, and the separator is configured so that when the welding device is in a working state, the length direction of the partition plate is parallel to the extension direction of the plate weld.

4. According to a friction stir welding device manufactured based on a battery shell according to claim 1, 2 or 3, the liquid inlet is opened on the opposite side of the shell and the opening, and the liquid inlet is configured to be arranged opposite to the plate weld when the welding device is in a working state.

5. According to the friction stir welding device for manufacturing a battery shell according to claim 4, the exhaust port is configured to be located between the liquid inlet and the opening when the welding device is in a working state.

6. A friction stir welding device for manufacturing a battery shell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the partition components is two groups, and the two groups of partition components are configured to be located on both sides of the plate weld when the welding device is in a working state, and the opposite sides of the two groups of partition components and the inner wall of the shell and the side of the plate away from the welding table form a second heat dissipation channel; The second heat dissipation channel is communicated with the air inlet, the exhaust port and the liquid inlet.

7. A friction stir welding device for manufacturing a battery shell according to claim 6, characterized in that: A connecting groove is provided on each of the partitions, and the distance from the connecting groove to the opening on each of the partitions in the partition assembly is configured to decrease in sequence with the distance from each of the partitions to the second heat dissipation channel when the welding device is in a working state; The friction stir welding device also includes: The injection mechanism operates in a controlled manner, and the injection mechanism connects the liquid source and the liquid inlet to control the amount of cooling liquid entering the liquid inlet.

8. A friction stir welding device for manufacturing a battery shell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of the liquid inlets is several, and each of the liquid inlets is connected to the second heat dissipation flow channel and each of the first heat dissipation flow channels in a one-to-one correspondence; The welding device also includes: Injection mechanisms, the number of which is several, each of which is connected to the liquid source, and each of which is connected to each of the liquid inlets in a one-to-one correspondence, so as to respectively inject a certain amount of coolant into the second heat dissipation flow channel and each of the first heat dissipation flow channels when the welding device is in a working state; Wherein, when the welding device is in a working state, the coolant injection amount of each injection mechanism is configured so that the coolant injection amount of each first heat dissipation channel is smaller than the coolant injection amount of the second heat dissipation channel, and the coolant injection amount in each first heat dissipation channel decreases successively with the distance from the first heat dissipation channel to the second heat dissipation channel.

9. A friction stir welding device for manufacturing a battery shell according to claim 8, characterized in that: The number of the air inlets is several, and each of the air inlets is connected to the second heat dissipation flow channel and each of the first heat dissipation flow channels in a one-to-one correspondence; The number of the fans is several, and each fan is connected to each air inlet in a one-to-one correspondence.

Images