Multifunctional unmanned aerial vehicle applied to high-altitude environment quality detection

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of high-altitude environment quality detection, and particularly relates to a multifunctional unmanned aerial vehicle applied to high-altitude environment quality detection. The lifting mechanism is used for adjusting the distance between the detection position and the machine body; a detector; and the cleaning and collecting mechanism is used for cleaning and collecting particulate matters. The distance between the detector and the machine body can be increased through the lifting mechanism, the situation that the detection result is affected due to the fact that propellers of the unmanned aerial vehicle disturb airflow at the input end of the detector is reduced, and the detection reliability is improved; the cleaning and collecting mechanism can be used for cleaning and collecting particulate matters attached to the air inlet switching assembly at the input end of the detector, so that the situation that the next detection accuracy is influenced by the particulate matters attached to the air inlet cylinder is reduced, the detection reliability is improved, and the particulate matters are collected to facilitate subsequent analysis of the components of the particulate matters, so that the detection accuracy is improved. And the detection convenience is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of high-altitude environmental quality detection, and in particular relates to a multifunctional unmanned aerial vehicle used for high-altitude environmental quality detection. Background Art

[0002] High-altitude environmental quality detection usually detects four gases, two dusts and five meteorological parameters. The "two dusts" refer to the detection of two types of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in the air to evaluate the quality of the high-altitude environment. The detection and collection of particulate matter can help people trace the source of pollution and formulate targeted emission reduction measures. Compared with the ground fixed-point environmental detection method, the use of drones to detect high-altitude environmental quality is convenient for large-scale overall spatial detection, which brings great convenience to people.

[0003] During the use of existing multifunctional drones used for high-altitude environmental quality detection, the distance between the detector and the drone body is small, and the propeller of the drone is likely to disturb the airflow at the input end of the detector, affecting the detection result. The detection reliability is insufficient, and particulate matter is easily attached to the air intake tube at the input end of the detector. These particles are easily fallen off during the next detection and mixed in the airflow and sucked into the detector, affecting the detection accuracy. In addition, a particle collection mechanism is generally not provided, which is not convenient for subsequent analysis of the composition of the particulate matter, and the detection convenience is insufficient. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional UAV for high-altitude environmental quality detection, which can increase the distance between the detector and the body through a lifting mechanism, reduce the situation where the propeller of the UAV disturbs the airflow at the input end of the detector and affects the detection result, thereby improving the reliability of the detection, and can clean and collect particulate matter attached to the air intake switching assembly at the input end of the detector through a cleaning and collecting mechanism, which not only reduces the situation where particulate matter adheres to the air intake cylinder and affects the accuracy of the next detection, thereby improving the reliability of the detection, but also facilitates the subsequent analysis of the composition of the particulate matter by collecting the particulate matter, thereby improving the convenience of the detection.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A multifunctional UAV used for high-altitude environmental quality detection, comprising:

[0007] body, said body;

[0008] A lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the machine body, and is used to adjust the distance between the detection position and the machine body. The lifting mechanism includes a first connecting plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the machine body, a sliding assembly is arranged at the bottom of the first connecting plate, a telescopic bracket assembly is arranged at the output end of the sliding assembly, and a second connecting plate is arranged at the lower end of the telescopic bracket assembly;

[0009] A detector, the detector being mounted on the bottom of the second connecting plate;

[0010] A cleaning and collecting mechanism, the cleaning and collecting mechanism is arranged at the input end of the detector, and is used for cleaning and collecting particulate matter, the cleaning and collecting mechanism comprises an air intake switching assembly arranged at the input end of the detector, a plurality of air intake cylinders are fixedly installed inside the air intake switching assembly, the air intake cylinders are aligned with the input end of the detector, a collecting switching assembly is arranged on one side of the air intake switching assembly, a plurality of collecting cylinders are fixedly installed inside the collecting switching assembly, a telescopic cleaning assembly is arranged on the side of the air intake switching assembly away from the collecting switching assembly, and the output end of the telescopic cleaning assembly is aligned with the air intake cylinder and the collecting cylinder;

[0011] Among them, after the sliding component works, it drives the telescopic bracket component to extend to increase the distance between the detector and the body. After the telescopic cleaning component works, it cleans the particles attached to the air intake tube and moves the particles to the collection tube for collection.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the multifunctional UAV used for high-altitude environmental quality detection described in the present invention, the sliding assembly includes a lead screw rotatably connected to the bottom of the first connecting plate, a slider is threadedly connected to the lead screw, and the slider is slidably installed on the bottom of the first connecting plate, a first motor is provided at one end of the lead screw, the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the lead screw, and the first motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first connecting plate.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the multifunctional UAV used for high-altitude environmental quality detection described in the present invention, both ends of the sliding block are slidably connected with guide rods, and the guide rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the first connecting plate.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the multifunctional UAV used for high-altitude environmental quality detection described in the present invention, the telescopic bracket assembly includes a first sliding rod slidably connected to the bottom of the first connecting plate, the first sliding rod is rotatably connected to the slider, the first sliding rod is rotatably connected to the second connecting plate with a first connecting rod, the top of the second connecting plate is slidably connected to a second sliding rod, the second sliding rod is rotatably connected to the first connecting plate with a second connecting rod, and the middle part of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the middle part of the second connecting rod.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the multifunctional UAV used for high-altitude environmental quality detection described in the present invention, the air intake switching assembly includes a rotating frame rotatably connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate, a plurality of the air intake cylinders are fixedly connected to the rotating frame along the circumferential direction, a second motor is provided on one side of the rotating frame, the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to the rotating frame, and the second motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate.

[0016] As a preferred solution of a multifunctional UAV used for high-altitude environmental quality detection described in the present invention, the collection and switching assembly includes a first belt reel and a second belt reel rotatably connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate, a transmission belt is connected between the first belt reel and the second belt reel, a plurality of ring sleeves are fixedly connected to the outer side of the transmission belt, the collection cylinder is fixedly connected to the ring sleeve, a third motor is provided on one side of the first belt reel, the output end of the third motor is fixedly connected to the first belt reel, the third motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate, a storage shell is provided on one side of the transmission belt, the storage shell is slidably connected to the ring sleeve, the inner wall of the storage shell fits with the end of the collection cylinder, and the storage shell is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the multifunctional UAV used for high-altitude environmental quality detection described in the present invention, a plurality of one-way elastic petals are fixedly connected to one end of the collecting tube close to the air intake tube, and the one-way elastic petals are bent and inclined toward the inner side of the collecting tube, and the end of the collecting tube away from the air intake tube is closed.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the multifunctional UAV used for high-altitude environmental quality detection described in the present invention, a slide groove is provided on one side of the storage shell close to the transmission belt, and the slide groove is slidably matched with the ring sleeve.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the multifunctional UAV used for high-altitude environmental quality detection described in the present invention, the telescopic cleaning component includes an electric telescopic rod fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate, the output end of the electric telescopic rod is rotatably connected to a threaded rod, the external thread of the threaded rod is connected to a fixed block, the fixed block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate, and the end of the threaded rod close to the air intake cylinder is fixedly connected to a cleaning brush roller, and the cleaning brush roller is aligned with the air intake cylinder and the collecting cylinder.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the multifunctional UAV used for high-altitude environmental quality detection described in the present invention, a rotating groove is provided at the output end of the electric telescopic rod, a rotating block is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod close to the electric telescopic rod, the rotating block rotates with the rotating groove, a retaining ring is provided on the side of the rotating block away from the rotating groove, and the retaining ring is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod.

[0021] The technical effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0022] The present invention adopts the design of a lifting mechanism, which can increase the distance between the detector and the body. After the sliding assembly works, it drives the telescopic bracket assembly to extend, so that the distance between the second connecting plate and the first connecting plate increases, thereby increasing the distance between the detector and the body, reducing the situation where the propeller of the drone disturbs the airflow at the input end of the detector and affects the detection result, and improving the reliability of the detection;

[0023] The present invention adopts the design of a cleaning and collecting mechanism, which can clean and collect particulate matter attached to the air intake switching assembly at the input end of the detector. After the air intake switching assembly works, the air intake cylinder with particulate matter attached is moved to a position corresponding to the collecting cylinder. After the electric telescopic rod works, the output end is extended, so that the cleaning brush roller cleans the air intake cylinder and drives the particulate matter to move into the collecting cylinder. After the telescopic cleaning assembly works, the output end is shortened. When the cleaning brush roller is pulled away from the collecting cylinder, the particulate matter attached to the cleaning brush roller is obstructed by the unidirectional elastic petal, so that the particulate matter attached to the cleaning brush roller falls off and is collected in the collecting cylinder. This not only reduces the situation where the particulate matter adheres to the air intake cylinder and affects the accuracy of the next detection, thereby improving the reliability of the detection, but also facilitates the subsequent analysis of the composition of the particulate matter by collecting the particulate matter, thereby improving the convenience of the detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism and the cleaning and collecting mechanism in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sliding assembly and the first connecting plate in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the telescopic bracket assembly and the second connecting plate in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic cleaning component and the detector in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the rotating groove and the rotating block in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air intake switching assembly and the air intake cylinder in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collection switching assembly and the collection cylinder in the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the collecting tube and the annular sleeve in the present invention.

[0033] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0034] 10. Body;

[0035] 20. Lifting mechanism; 21. First connecting plate; 22. Sliding assembly; 221. Lead screw; 222. Sliding block; 223. First motor; 224. Guide rod; 23. Telescopic bracket assembly; 231. First sliding rod; 232. First connecting rod; 233. Second sliding rod; 234. Second connecting rod; 24. Second connecting plate;

[0036] 30. Detector;

[0037] 40. Cleaning and collecting mechanism; 41. Air intake switching assembly; 411. Rotating frame; 412. Second motor; 42. Air intake cylinder; 43. Collecting and switching assembly; 431. First belt reel; 432. Second belt reel; 433. Transmission belt; 434. Ring sleeve; 435. Third motor; 436. Storage shell; 437. Slide groove; 44. Collecting cylinder; 441. One-way elastic petal; 45. Telescopic cleaning assembly; 451. Electric telescopic rod; 452. Threaded rod; 453. Fixed block; 454. Cleaning brush roller; 455. Rotating groove; 456. Rotating block; 457. Retaining ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is specifically described below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is only used to describe one or several specific embodiments of the present invention, and does not strictly limit the scope of protection of the specific claims of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a multifunctional UAV for high-altitude environmental quality detection, including a body 10, a body 10; a lifting mechanism 20, the lifting mechanism 20 is arranged at the bottom of the body 10, and is used to adjust the distance between the detection position and the body 10, the lifting mechanism 20 includes a first connecting plate 21 fixedly connected to the bottom of the body 10, a sliding assembly 22 is arranged at the bottom of the first connecting plate 21, a telescopic bracket assembly 23 is arranged at the output end of the sliding assembly 22, and a second connecting plate 24 is arranged at the lower end of the telescopic bracket assembly 23; a detector 30, the detector 30 is installed at the bottom of the second connecting plate 24; a cleaning and collecting mechanism 40. The cleaning and collecting mechanism 40 is arranged at the input end of the detector 30, and is used for cleaning and collecting particulate matter. The cleaning and collecting mechanism 40 includes an air intake switching assembly 41 arranged at the input end of the detector 30, and a plurality of air intake cylinders 42 are fixedly installed inside the air intake switching assembly 41. The air intake cylinders 42 are aligned with the input end of the detector 30. A collecting switching assembly 43 is provided on one side of the air intake switching assembly 41, and a plurality of collecting cylinders 44 are fixedly installed inside the collecting switching assembly 43. A telescopic cleaning assembly 45 is provided on the side of the air intake switching assembly 41 away from the collecting switching assembly 43, and the output end of the telescopic cleaning assembly 45 is aligned with the air intake cylinder 42 and the collecting cylinder 44.

[0041] It should be noted that the detector 30 is a prior art and is used to detect particulate matter. When in use, the fan inside the detector 30 works to suck the gas at the input end of the detector 30 into the detector 30, and the particulate matter is irradiated by the sensor laser for detection, and then discharged through the output end. It will not be repeated here.

[0042] When the present invention is in use, when it is necessary to detect the environmental quality, the sliding component 22 drives the telescopic bracket component 23 to extend or shorten after working. When the telescopic bracket component 23 is extended, the telescopic bracket component 23 drives the second connecting plate 24 away from the first connecting plate 21, so that the distance between the first connecting plate 21 and the second connecting plate 24 is increased. Since the detector 30 is fixedly connected to the second connecting plate 24, the distance between the detector 30 and the body 10 is increased, and the situation in which the propeller of the drone disturbs the airflow at the input end of the detector 30 and affects the detection result during the environmental quality detection process is reduced, thereby improving the reliability of the detection. When the telescopic bracket component 23 is shortened, the distance between the detector 30 and the body 10 is reduced, which makes it easier to store the detector 30 at the bottom of the body 10, thereby reducing the situation in which the detector 30 collides with the ground when the drone lands, and the particles detected by the cleaning collection mechanism 40 are After the particulate matter is collected, the inside of the air intake cylinder 42 is easily attached with particulate matter. After the air intake switching component 41 works, it drives the air intake cylinder 42 to rotate, so that the air intake cylinder 42 with particulate matter attached is rotated to a position corresponding to the working end of the telescopic cleaning component 45, and at the same time, the air intake cylinder 42 without particulate matter attached is rotated to the input end of the detector 30, so as to realize the switching of the air intake cylinder 42, so that during the next environmental detection, there is no particulate matter attached to the air intake cylinder 42 at the input end of the detector 30, thereby reducing the situation where particulate matter attached to the air intake cylinder 42 affects the accuracy of the next detection, and improves the reliability of the detection. After the telescopic cleaning component 45 works, it extends into the air intake cylinder 42 and the collecting cylinder 44 to clean the particulate matter attached to the air intake cylinder 42, and moves the particulate matter to the collecting cylinder 44 for collection after adsorbing it, so as to facilitate the subsequent analysis of the composition of the collected particulate matter, help people trace the source of pollution, and improve the convenience of detection.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] Reference Figures 1 to 9 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment is based on the previous embodiment.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the sliding assembly 22 includes a lead screw 221 rotatably connected to the bottom of the first connecting plate 21, a slider 222 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 221, the slider 222 is slidably installed at the bottom of the first connecting plate 21, and a first motor 223 is provided at one end of the lead screw 221, the output end of the first motor 223 is fixedly connected to the lead screw 221, and the first motor 223 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first connecting plate 21.

[0046] It should be noted that the lead screw 221 is provided with a first external thread, the interior of the slider 222 is provided with a first internal thread, and the first external thread and the first internal thread are threadably matched.

[0047] According to the above structure, after the first motor 223 works, the output end drives the screw 221 to rotate along the bottom of the first connecting plate 21. Since the screw 221 is threadedly connected with the slider 222, the screw 221 drives the slider 222 to slide along the bottom of the first connecting plate 21, which makes it convenient for the slider 222 to drive the first sliding rod 231 to slide along the bottom of the first connecting plate 21.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, both ends of the slider 222 are slidably connected with guide rods 224 , and the guide rods 224 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the first connecting plate 21 .

[0049] It should be noted that both ends of the slider 222 are provided with sliding holes, and the sliding holes are slidably matched with the guide rod 224 .

[0050] According to the above structure, the slider 222 is slidably connected to the bottom of the first connecting plate 21 through the guide rod 224, so that the sliding process of the slider 222 along the bottom of the first connecting plate 21 is more stable.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, the telescopic bracket assembly 23 includes a first sliding rod 231 slidably connected to the bottom of the first connecting plate 21, the first sliding rod 231 is rotatably connected to the slider 222, the first connecting rod 232 is rotatably connected between the first sliding rod 231 and the second connecting plate 24, the second sliding rod 233 is slidably connected to the top of the second connecting plate 24, the second connecting rod 234 is rotatably connected between the second sliding rod 233 and the first connecting plate 21, and the middle part of the first connecting rod 232 is rotatably connected to the middle part of the second connecting rod 234.

[0052] It should be noted that first strip holes are provided on both sides of the bottom of the first connecting plate 21, and the first strip holes are slidably matched with the first sliding rod 231. Second strip holes are provided on both sides of the top of the second connecting plate 24, and the second strip holes are slidably matched with the second sliding rod 233. A through hole is provided inside the slider 222, and the through hole is rotatably matched with the first sliding rod 231.

[0053] According to the above structure, after the slider 222 drives the first sliding rod 231 to slide along the bottom of the first connecting plate 21, the first sliding rod 231 drives the first connecting rod 232 to rotate along the second connecting plate 24. Due to the rotational connection between the middle part of the first connecting rod 232 and the middle part of the second connecting rod 234, the second connecting rod 234 rotates along the first connecting plate 21. At the same time, the end of the second connecting rod 234 close to the second connecting plate 24 drives the second sliding rod 233 to slide along the second connecting plate 24, so that the first connecting rod 232 and the second connecting rod 234 rotate and drive the second connecting plate 24 to move downward or upward, thereby increasing or decreasing the distance between the second connecting plate 24 and the first connecting plate 21, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the distance between the detector 30 and the body 10.

[0054] like Figure 7 As shown, the air intake switching assembly 41 includes a rotating frame 411 rotatably connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate 24, a plurality of air intake cylinders 42 are fixedly connected to the rotating frame 411 along the circumferential direction, a second motor 412 is provided on one side of the rotating frame 411, an output end of the second motor 412 is fixedly connected to the rotating frame 411, and the second motor 412 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate 24.

[0055] It should be noted that three air inlet cylinders 42 are provided. In the initial state, one air inlet cylinder 42 is aligned with the input end of the detector 30 , and the other air inlet cylinder 42 is aligned with the output end of the collecting cylinder 44 and the telescopic cleaning assembly 45 .

[0056] According to the above structure, when the detector 30 is working, the air inlet cylinder 42 at the input end of the detector 30 facilitates the detector 30 to inhale the gas in the environment. After the detector 30 finishes working, it no longer inhales the gas in the environment through the air inlet cylinder 42. At this time, particulate matter is easily attached to the inside of the air inlet cylinder 42. After the second motor 412 works, the output end drives the rotating frame 411 to rotate, and the rotating frame 411 drives the air inlet cylinder 42 to rotate, so that the air inlet cylinder 42 rotates to a position aligned with the output end of the collecting cylinder 44 and the telescopic cleaning assembly 45. At this time, the other air inlet cylinder 42 rotates to the input end position of the detector 30, which is convenient for the detector 30 to inhale the gas in the environment next time.

[0057] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the collection switching assembly 43 includes a first belt reel 431 and a second belt reel 432 rotatably connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate 24, a transmission belt 433 is connected between the first belt reel 431 and the second belt reel 432, a plurality of ring sleeves 434 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the transmission belt 433, the collection barrel 44 is fixedly connected to the ring sleeve 434, a third motor 435 is provided on one side of the first belt reel 431, an output end of the third motor 435 is fixedly connected to the first belt reel 431, the third motor 435 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate 24, a storage shell 436 is provided on one side of the transmission belt 433, the storage shell 436 is slidably connected to the ring sleeve 434, the inner wall of the storage shell 436 fits with the end of the collection barrel 44, and the storage shell 436 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate 24.

[0058] It should be noted that, in the initial state, a collecting cylinder 44 is aligned with the air inlet cylinder 42 and the output end of the telescopic cleaning assembly 45 .

[0059] According to the above structure, when the collecting cylinder 44 is aligned with the air intake cylinder 42 and the output end of the telescopic cleaning assembly 45, the telescopic cleaning assembly 45 moves the particles attached to the air intake cylinder 42 to the collecting cylinder 44 for collection after operation. At this time, after the third motor 435 operates, the output end drives the first belt reel 431 to rotate, the first belt reel 431 drives the transmission belt 433 and the second belt reel 432 to rotate, and the transmission belt 433 drives the collecting cylinder 44 to rotate through the ring sleeve 434, so that the collecting cylinder 44 with collected particles rotates to the storage shell 436 for storage, and at the same time, the collecting cylinder 44 with uncollected particles rotates to the position aligned with the air intake cylinder 42 and the telescopic cleaning assembly 45. The output end of the retracted cleaning component 45 is aligned with each other to facilitate the collection of particulate matter next time. Among them, the multiple collecting barrels 44 are arranged to facilitate batch collection, and the particulate matter in the high-altitude environment at multiple different positions is collected separately to avoid the particulate matter in the high-altitude environment at different positions from being mixed together during collection, which is convenient for the subsequent analysis of the particulate matter in the high-altitude environment at different positions. The inner wall of the storage shell 436 fits well with the end of the collecting barrel 44, so that after the collecting barrel 44 is stored in the storage shell 436, the inner wall of the storage shell 436 prevents the particulate matter collected in the collecting barrel 44 from leaking out, thereby improving the sealing performance.

[0060] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, one end of the collecting cylinder 44 close to the air inlet cylinder 42 is fixedly connected with a plurality of one-way elastic petals 441 , and the one-way elastic petals 441 are bent and tilted toward the inner side of the collecting cylinder 44 , and the end of the collecting cylinder 44 away from the air inlet cylinder 42 is of closed design.

[0061] It should be noted that the one-way elastic flap 441 is made of elastic material, and the design of the one-way elastic flap 441 bending and tilting inward is used to prevent the one-way elastic flap 441 from bending and tilting outward.

[0062] According to the above structure, when the telescopic cleaning assembly 45 drives the cleaning brush roller 454 to be inserted into the collecting tube 44 after the telescopic cleaning assembly 45 works, the cleaning brush roller 454 pushes a plurality of one-way elastic petals 441 inwardly, increases the degree of inward bending and tilting of the one-way elastic petals 441, and increases the distance between the plurality of one-way elastic petals 441. At this time, the cleaning brush roller 454 can smoothly pass through the gap between the one-way elastic petals 441 and be inserted into the collecting tube 44. After the telescopic cleaning assembly 45 works, the cleaning brush roller 454 is driven to be pulled out of the collecting tube 44. During the cleaning process of 4, the cleaning brush roller 454 passes through the gap between the one-way elastic petals 441 from the inside to the outside. Since the one-way elastic petals 441 are difficult to bend and tilt from the inside to the outside, the one-way elastic petals 441 close to the collecting barrel 44 prevent the brush portion of the cleaning brush roller 454 from passing through the gap between the one-way elastic petals 441. At this time, the brush portion of the cleaning brush roller 454 contacts the one-way elastic petals 441 and is deformed, so that the particles attached to the brush portion fall off to the inside of the collecting barrel 44, thereby realizing the collection of the particles.

[0063] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, a slide groove 437 is provided on one side of the receiving shell 436 close to the transmission belt 433 , and the slide groove 437 is slidably matched with the ring sleeve 434 .

[0064] It should be noted that the storage shell 436 is designed as a square cylinder that penetrates from top to bottom.

[0065] According to the above structure, the slide groove 437 and the ring sleeve 434 are slidably matched, so that the slide groove 437 drives the collecting tube 44 to move to the inside of the storage shell 436 for storage.

[0066] like Figure 5 As shown, the telescopic cleaning assembly 45 includes an electric telescopic rod 451 fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate 24, the output end of the electric telescopic rod 451 is rotatably connected to a threaded rod 452, the external thread of the threaded rod 452 is connected to a fixed block 453, the fixed block 453 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate 24, and one end of the threaded rod 452 close to the air inlet cylinder 42 is fixedly connected to a cleaning brush roller 454, and the cleaning brush roller 454 is aligned with the air inlet cylinder 42 and the collecting cylinder 44.

[0067] It should be noted that the threaded rod 452 is provided with a second external thread, the interior of the fixing block 453 is provided with a second internal thread, the second external thread and the second internal thread are threadedly matched, and the outer side of the cleaning brush roller 454 is provided with an elastic brush portion.

[0068] According to the above structure, after the electric telescopic rod 451 works, the output end drives the threaded rod 452 to move along the inside of the air intake cylinder 42 and the collecting cylinder 44, and the threaded rod 452 drives the cleaning brush roller 454 to insert into the air intake cylinder 42 and the collecting cylinder 44, or to pull the cleaning brush roller 454 out of the air intake cylinder 42 and the collecting cylinder 44. When the cleaning brush roller 454 is inserted into the air intake cylinder 42 and the collecting cylinder 44, the cleaning brush roller 454 adsorbs and cleans the particles attached to the inner wall of the air intake cylinder 42, and moves the adsorbed particles to the collecting cylinder 44. When the cleaning brush roller 454 is inserted into the air intake cylinder 42 and the collecting cylinder 44, the cleaning brush roller 454 adsorbs and cleans the particles attached to the inner wall of the air intake cylinder 42, and moves the adsorbed particles to the collecting cylinder 44. When the brush roller 454 is pulled out from the inside of the air intake cylinder 42 and the collecting cylinder 44, the cleaning brush roller 454 is blocked by the collecting cylinder 44, causing the adsorbed particles to fall into the collecting cylinder 44. Since the threaded rod 452 and the fixed block 453 are threadedly connected, the threaded rod 452 also drives the cleaning brush roller 454 to rotate along the inside of the air intake cylinder 42 and the collecting cylinder 44, further improving the cleaning efficiency of the cleaning brush roller 454 on the particles attached to the air intake cylinder 42, and facilitating the particles adsorbed on the cleaning brush roller 454 to fall off into the collecting cylinder 44 for collection.

[0069] like Figure 6 As shown, a rotating groove 455 is provided at the output end of the electric telescopic rod 451, and a rotating block 456 is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod 452 close to the electric telescopic rod 451. The rotating block 456 rotates with the rotating groove 455. A retaining ring 457 is provided on the side of the rotating block 456 away from the rotating groove 455. The retaining ring 457 is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod 451.

[0070] It should be noted that the inner diameter of the retaining ring 457 is greater than the outer diameter of the rotating block 456 .

[0071] According to the above structure, the rotating block 456 cooperates with the rotating groove 455, so that the process of the threaded rod 452 rotating along the electric telescopic rod 451 is more stable, and the provided blocking ring 457 prevents the rotating block 456 from moving to the side away from the rotating groove 455, thereby preventing the rotating block 456 from disengaging from the rotating groove 455, and further making the process of the threaded rod 452 rotating along the electric telescopic rod 451 more stable.

[0072] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: when the UAV performs high-altitude environmental quality detection, the sliding assembly 22 works to extend the telescopic bracket assembly 23, and the telescopic bracket assembly 23 drives the detector 30 away from the body 10 through the second connecting plate 24, so that the distance between the detector 30 and the body 10 increases, and the situation that the propeller of the UAV disturbs the airflow at the input end of the detector 30 and affects the detection result is reduced, thereby improving the reliability of the detection, and the output end of the telescopic cleaning assembly 45 is extended after the operation, driving the cleaning brush roller 454 to insert into the air intake cylinder 42 and the collecting cylinder 44, and cleaning the air intake cylinder 42. The attached particles are adsorbed and cleaned, and the particles are moved to the collecting tube 44, thereby reducing the situation where the particles adhere to the air inlet tube 42 and affect the accuracy of the next detection, thereby improving the reliability of the detection. After the telescopic cleaning component 45 is working, the output end is shortened, driving the cleaning brush roller 454 to be pulled out of the collecting tube 44 and the air inlet tube 42. The cleaning brush roller 454 is hindered by the unidirectional elastic petal 441, so that the particles adsorbed by the cleaning brush roller 454 fall off and are collected in the collecting tube 44, so that the collected particles can be easily analyzed for their composition, thereby improving the convenience of detection.

[0073] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention shall be implemented according to the conventional means in the art unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. A multifunctional UAV used for high-altitude environmental quality detection, characterized in that: include: A body (10), the body (10); A lifting mechanism (20), the lifting mechanism (20) being arranged at the bottom of the machine body (10) and being used for adjusting the distance between the detection position and the machine body (10), the lifting mechanism (20) comprising a first connecting plate (21) fixedly connected to the bottom of the machine body (10), a sliding assembly (22) being arranged at the bottom of the first connecting plate (21), a telescopic bracket assembly (23) being arranged at the output end of the sliding assembly (22), and a second connecting plate (24) being arranged at the lower end of the telescopic bracket assembly (23); A detector (30), wherein the detector (30) is mounted on the bottom of the second connecting plate (24); A cleaning and collecting mechanism (40), the cleaning and collecting mechanism (40) being arranged at the input end of the detector (30) and being used for cleaning and collecting particulate matter, the cleaning and collecting mechanism (40) comprising an air intake switching assembly (41) being arranged at the input end of the detector (30), a plurality of air intake cylinders (42) being fixedly installed inside the air intake switching assembly (41), the air intake cylinders (42) being aligned with the input end of the detector (30), a collecting switching assembly (43) being arranged on one side of the air intake switching assembly (41), a plurality of collecting cylinders (44) being fixedly installed inside the collecting switching assembly (43), a telescopic cleaning assembly (45) being arranged on a side of the air intake switching assembly (41) away from the collecting switching assembly (43), the output end of the telescopic cleaning assembly (45) being aligned with the air intake cylinder (42) and the collecting cylinder (44); The sliding assembly (22) drives the telescopic bracket assembly (23) to extend after operation, so as to increase the distance between the detector (30) and the body (10), and the telescopic cleaning assembly (45) cleans the particles attached to the air intake cylinder (42) and moves the particles to the collection cylinder (44) for collection after operation.

2. The multifunctional UAV for high-altitude environmental quality detection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sliding assembly (22) comprises a lead screw (221) rotatably connected to the bottom of the first connecting plate (21); a slider (222) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (221); the slider (222) is slidably mounted on the bottom of the first connecting plate (21); a first motor (223) is provided at one end of the lead screw (221); an output end of the first motor (223) is fixedly connected to the lead screw (221); and the first motor (223) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first connecting plate (21).

3. The multifunctional UAV for high-altitude environmental quality detection according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Both ends of the sliding block (222) are slidably connected to guide rods (224), and the guide rods (224) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the first connecting plate (21).

4. The multifunctional UAV for high-altitude environmental quality detection according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The telescopic bracket assembly (23) comprises a first sliding rod (231) slidably connected to the bottom of the first connecting plate (21); the first sliding rod (231) is rotatably connected to the slider (222); a first connecting rod (232) is rotatably connected between the first sliding rod (231) and the second connecting plate (24); a second sliding rod (233) is slidably connected to the top of the second connecting plate (24); a second connecting rod (234) is rotatably connected between the second sliding rod (233) and the first connecting plate (21); and a middle portion of the first connecting rod (232) is rotatably connected to a middle portion of the second connecting rod (234).

5. The multifunctional UAV for high-altitude environmental quality detection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air intake switching assembly (41) comprises a rotating frame (411) rotatably connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate (24); a plurality of the air intake cylinders (42) are fixedly connected to the rotating frame (411) along the circumferential direction; a second motor (412) is provided on one side of the rotating frame (411); an output end of the second motor (412) is fixedly connected to the rotating frame (411); and the second motor (412) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate (24).

6. The multifunctional UAV for high-altitude environmental quality detection according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The collection switching assembly (43) comprises a first belt reel (431) and a second belt reel (432) which are rotatably connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate (24); a transmission belt (433) is connected between the first belt reel (431) and the second belt reel (432); a plurality of ring sleeves (434) are fixedly connected to the outer side of the transmission belt (433); the collection barrel (44) is fixedly connected to the ring sleeves (434); a third motor (435) is provided on one side of the first belt reel (431); The output end of the third motor (435) is fixedly connected to the first belt reel (431), and the third motor (435) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate (24). A storage shell (436) is provided on one side of the transmission belt (433), and the storage shell (436) is slidably connected to the ring sleeve (434). The inner wall of the storage shell (436) fits closely with the end of the collecting tube (44), and the storage shell (436) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate (24).

7. The multifunctional UAV for high-altitude environmental quality detection according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A plurality of one-way elastic flaps (441) are fixedly connected to one end of the collecting tube (44) close to the air inlet tube (42); the one-way elastic flaps (441) are bent and inclined toward the inner side of the collecting tube (44); and the end of the collecting tube (44) away from the air inlet tube (42) is of closed design.

8. The multifunctional UAV for high-altitude environmental quality detection according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A sliding groove (437) is provided on one side of the storage shell (436) close to the transmission belt (433), and the sliding groove (437) is slidably matched with the ring sleeve (434).

9. The multifunctional UAV for high-altitude environmental quality detection according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The telescopic cleaning assembly (45) comprises an electric telescopic rod (451) fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate (24); the output end of the electric telescopic rod (451) is rotatably connected to a threaded rod (452); the external thread of the threaded rod (452) is connected to a fixed block (453); the fixed block (453) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting plate (24); one end of the threaded rod (452) close to the air intake cylinder (42) is fixedly connected to a cleaning brush roller (454); the cleaning brush roller (454) is aligned with the air intake cylinder (42) and the collecting cylinder (44).

10. The multifunctional UAV for high-altitude environmental quality detection according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The output end of the electric telescopic rod (451) is provided with a rotation groove (455); one end of the threaded rod (452) close to the electric telescopic rod (451) is fixedly connected with a rotation block (456); the rotation block (456) is rotationally matched with the rotation groove (455); a retaining ring (457) is provided on the side of the rotation block (456) away from the rotation groove (455); and the retaining ring (457) is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod (451).

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