Special unmanned aerial vehicle for surveying and mapping geographic information

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and provides a special unmanned aerial vehicle for geographic information surveying and mapping. The multiple lifting legs are arranged on the rack in a lifting mode, the lifting legs are used for supporting the ground to guarantee balance of the rack, and teeth are arranged on the lifting legs; the plurality of rotating shafts are rotationally arranged on the rack; the gear is arranged on the rotating shaft, meshed with the teeth and used for driving the lifting leg to ascend and descend. According to the technical scheme, the problems that in the prior art, when field geographic information surveying and mapping are carried out, the plane terrain is difficult to find, and the unmanned aerial vehicle may roll over due to inclination during landing are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and in particular to a dedicated UAV for geographic information surveying and mapping. Background Art

[0002] In the field of geographic information surveying and mapping, obtaining accurate and comprehensive geographic data is crucial for many applications such as urban planning, land management, resource exploration, etc. Traditional surveying and mapping methods usually rely on manual ground measurements, which are not only inefficient and labor-intensive, but also difficult to implement in complex terrain and harsh environments.

[0003] With the development of technology, drones are gradually emerging as a new surveying and mapping tool. The existing gimbal can still ensure that the drone's lens will not shake due to the swing of the object in the face of various complex environments, greatly improving the operator's control.

[0004] However, existing drones should try to land on a flat surface when landing. If they land on an inclined surface, they are likely to roll over, causing damage to the aircraft. In severe cases, the aircraft may even be scrapped. However, when conducting field geographic information surveying and mapping, it is often impossible to find a suitable landing surface, causing the drone to tilt and roll over. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a dedicated UAV for geographic information surveying and mapping, which solves the problem in the related art that a suitable landing plane is often not found during field geographic information surveying and mapping, causing the UAV to tilt and roll over.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A special UAV for geographic information surveying and mapping, comprising: frame; There are a plurality of landing legs, which are lifted and lowered on the frame, and the landing legs are used to support the ground to ensure the balance of the frame, and the landing legs are provided with teeth; A plurality of rotating shafts are rotatably arranged on the frame; A gear is arranged on the rotating shaft, the gear is meshed with the teeth, and the gear is used to drive the lifting and lowering legs.

[0007] As a further technical solution, the rotating shaft is a hollow structure, and further comprises: A damping rod is located in the rotating shaft, and the damping rod drives the rotating shaft to rotate through friction; A limiting wheel, arranged on the rotating shaft; A limit rod is rotatably arranged on the frame, one end of the limit member has a limit block, after the limit rod rotates, the limit block approaches or moves away from the limit wheel, and the limit block is used to limit the rotation of the limit wheel; As a further technical solution, it also includes: A lifting rod is lifted and arranged on the frame. After the lifting rod is lifted and lowered, it approaches or moves away from the end of the limiting rod away from the limiting wheel. The lifting rod is used to drive the limiting rod to rotate.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the landing leg has slots, and further comprises: A slide bar, which is lifted and lowered in the slot, and has a plurality of projections arranged in an array at intervals; A one-way paddle, rotatably arranged at one end of the lifting rod close to the sliding rod, the one-way paddle abutting against the protrusion; An elastic member, with two ends respectively arranged on the lifting rod and the one-way paddle, and the elastic member is used to provide a force for the one-way paddle to approach the protrusion.

[0009] As a further technical solution, it also includes: The first elastic member has two ends respectively arranged on the limiting rod and the frame, and the first elastic member is used to provide a force for the limiting block on the limiting rod to move away from the limiting wheel.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the landing leg has a limiting cavity therein, and further comprises: A limit block is arranged on the slide bar, the limit block slides in the limit cavity, and the limit block is used to limit the sliding position of the slide bar.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the slide bar is rotatably arranged in the slot hole, and after the slide bar rotates, the protrusion abuts against or cancels the abutment against the one-way paddle.

[0012] As a further technical solution, it also includes: There are several guide rods, which are arranged on the frame. A guide space is formed between the guide rods. The lifting rod is located in the guide space. The guide space is used to limit and guide the lifting of the lifting rod.

[0013] As a further technical solution, it also includes: The rotating driving member is arranged on the frame, and the rotating driving member is used for driving the damping rod to rotate.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the landing legs and the rotating shaft are made of carbon fiber.

[0015] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are: In the present invention, when the UAV performs field geographic information surveying and mapping tasks, it may be unable to find an ideal landing location due to various reasons. The UAV has multiple landing legs, and the multiple landing legs can provide stable support for the frame to prevent the frame from overturning due to insufficient support. The landing legs are set on the frame for lifting. When the UAV needs to land, it will first hover on the ground, and the landing legs will drop. When the landing legs are all dropped to the specified position, the rotation of the fan blades will be gradually stopped to complete the landing of the UAV. Multiple landing legs are set on the frame for lifting, and the height can be flexibly adjusted according to different terrains and landing conditions to ensure the smooth landing of the UAV, thereby improving the adaptability of the UAV in complex environments. The landing legs are lifted and lowered by the gears on the rotating shaft, and the precise control of the lifting and lowering of the landing legs can be achieved, ensuring the synchronous and stable movement of each landing leg. The landing legs are used to support the ground to ensure the balance of the frame, effectively avoiding the tilting or overturning of the UAV due to uneven ground when landing, and protecting the UAV and the surveying and mapping equipment carried by it. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The preferred implementation modes will be described below in a clear and understandable manner with reference to the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation methods of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the landing legs and related components in the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle A; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting rod and related components in the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limit block and related components in the present invention; Figure 8 is a top view of the slide bar in the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating shaft, gears and other related components in the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1, frame, 2, lifting and lowering legs, 3, teeth, 4, rotating shaft, 5, gear, 6, damping rod, 7, limiting wheel, 8, limiting rod, 9, first elastic member, 10, limiting block, 11, second elastic member, 12, lifting rod, 13, slot, 14, sliding rod, 15, protrusion, 16, one-way paddle, 17, limiting cavity, 18, limiting block, 19, guide rod, 20, guiding space, 21, rotating driving member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, they can also be understood as further technical solutions without creative work. In some figures, components with the same structure or function are only schematically illustrated, or only one of them is marked. In this article, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one", and "several" includes "two" and "more than two".

[0020] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 9 A special UAV for geographic information surveying and mapping is proposed, including: a frame 1; a plurality of landing legs 2, which are set on the frame 1 for lifting, and the landing legs 2 are used to support the ground to ensure the balance of the frame 1, and the landing legs 2 are provided with teeth 3; a plurality of rotating shafts 4, which are rotatably set on the frame 1; a gear 5 is set on the rotating shaft 4, the gear 5 is meshed with the teeth 3, and the gear 5 is used to drive the landing legs 2 to rise and fall.

[0023] In this embodiment, when the UAV performs field geographic information surveying and mapping tasks, it may be unable to find an ideal landing location due to various reasons. The landing legs 2 have multiple landing legs 2, and the multiple landing legs 2 can provide stable support for the frame 1 to prevent the frame 1 from overturning due to insufficient support. The landing legs 2 are set on the frame 1 for lifting. When the UAV needs to land, it will first hover on the ground, and the landing legs 2 will drop. When several landing legs 2 have dropped to the specified position, the rotation of the fan blades will gradually stop, and the landing of the UAV will be completed. Multiple landing legs 2 are set on the frame 1 for lifting, and the height can be flexibly adjusted according to different terrains and landing conditions to ensure that the UAV lands smoothly, thereby improving the adaptability of the UAV in complex environments. The landing legs 2 are controlled to rise and fall by the gears 5 on the rotating shaft 4, which can realize precise control of the lifting and falling of the landing legs 2 and ensure the synchronous and stable movement of each landing leg 2. The landing legs 2 are used to support the ground to ensure the balance of the frame 1, effectively avoiding the tilting or overturning of the UAV due to uneven ground when landing, and protecting the UAV and the mapping equipment carried by it.

[0024] As a further technical solution, the rotating shaft 4 is a hollow structure and also includes: the damping rod 6 is located inside the rotating shaft 4, and the damping rod 6 drives the rotating shaft 4 to rotate through friction; the limiting wheel 7 is arranged on the rotating shaft 4; the limiting rod 8 is rotatably arranged on the frame 1, and one end of the limiting rod 8 has a limiting block 10. After the limiting rod 8 rotates, the limiting block 10 approaches or moves away from the limiting wheel 7, and the limiting block 10 is used to limit the rotation of the limiting wheel 7.

[0025] In this embodiment, the damping rod 6 rotates actively, and the friction between the damping rod 6 and the rotating shaft 4 drives the rotating shaft 4 to rotate, thereby driving the landing leg 2 to rise and fall. The limiting wheel 7 is located on the rotating shaft 4 and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 4. When the limiting rod 8 rotates and the limiting block 10 blocks the limiting wheel 7, the resistance required for the rotating shaft 4 to rotate is greatly increased, resulting in the friction between the damping rod 6 and the rotating shaft 4 being unable to achieve the continued rotation of the rotating shaft 4. At this time, the damping rod 6 will idle in the rotating shaft 4 and cannot drive the rotating shaft 4 to rotate. At this time, the position of the landing leg 2 is fixed and no longer rises and falls. This design increases the precise control and safety of the lifting and lowering of the landing leg 2, and improves the stability and reliability of the drone when landing on complex terrain. The limiting wheel 7 can be a gear 5, a ratchet or other wheel structure that can achieve locking. The limiting block 10 will be adjusted according to the actual shape of the limiting wheel 7 to ensure stable locking.

[0026] As a further technical solution, it also includes: the lifting rod 12 is lifted and set on the frame 1. After the lifting rod 12 is lifted, it is close to or away from the end of the limiting rod 8 away from the limiting wheel 7. The lifting rod 12 is used to drive the limiting rod 8 to rotate.

[0027] In this embodiment, the lifting rod 12 is used to indirectly control the rotation of the limit rod 8, so as to realize the transmission of force and the conversion of action, making the control process more flexible and diverse, and being able to adapt to different working scenes and requirements. The lifting action of the lifting rod 12 can respond quickly, and timely drive the limit rod 8 to rotate, thereby improving the speed and efficiency of the adjustment of the landing legs 2 of the drone, and enhancing the timeliness and adaptability of the drone to land on different terrains.

[0028] As a further technical solution, the landing leg 2 has a slot 13, and also includes: a sliding rod 14 is lifted and lowered in the slot 13, and the sliding rod 14 has a plurality of array-spaced protrusions 15; a one-way paddle 16 is rotatably arranged at one end of the lifting rod 12 close to the sliding rod 14, and the one-way paddle 16 abuts against the protrusion 15; the two ends of the first elastic member 9 are respectively arranged on the lifting rod 12 and the one-way paddle 16, and the first elastic member 9 is used to provide a force for the one-way paddle 16 to approach the protrusion 15.

[0029] In this embodiment, the drone is provided with a camera, which can not only monitor the flight status, but also monitor the position of the lifting legs in real time, thereby realizing remote landing. When the lifting legs are descending, the camera will monitor the bottom of the lifting legs. When the bottom of the slide bar 14 touches the ground, the lifting legs can be remotely controlled to stop descending. The slide bar 14 is raised and lowered in the slot 13, and one end of the slide bar 14 extends a distance from the bottom of the landing legs 2. When all the lifting legs are lowered to the specified position, the slide bar 14 is all in contact with the ground, and the drone is controlled to descend. When the drone continues to descend, the slide bar 14 will rise relative to the landing legs 2 due to one end contacting the ground. When the slide bar 14 descends, the one-way paddle 16 can be toggled, and at this time, the convex block 15 will not have much resistance to descending. However, when the slide bar 14 rises relative to the landing legs 2, the one-way paddle 16 will not be toggled, and at this time, the convex block 15 will drive the lifting rod 12 to rise, and then drive the limit rod 8 to rotate, limit the rotation of the rotating shaft 4, complete the complete clamping of the lifting legs, and prevent the operator from accidentally touching the button and causing the drone to roll over. The slots 13 on the landing leg 2 provide a track for the installation and lifting of the slide bar 14, ensuring the linearity and stability of the movement of the slide bar 14. The plurality of array-spaced protrusions 15 on the slide bar 14 cooperate with the one-way paddle 16 to realize one-way transmission, so that the lifting action of the lifting rod 12 can be effectively converted into the lifting movement of the slide bar 14. The one-way paddle 16 is rotatably set at one end of the lifting rod 12, and is kept in contact with the protrusion 15 through the first elastic member 9, ensuring the reliability and continuity of the transmission. The force provided by the first elastic member 9 enables the one-way paddle 16 to fit tightly against the protrusion 15, reducing the gap and error during the transmission process and improving the control accuracy. The one-way transmission structure can prevent the slide bar 14 from accidentally falling when it is not needed, ensuring the stability of the landing leg 2 after the height is adjusted.

[0030] As a further technical solution, it also includes: the two ends of the second elastic member 11 are respectively arranged on the limiting rod 8 and the frame 1, and the second elastic member 11 is used to provide a force for the limiting block 10 on the limiting rod 8 to move away from the limiting wheel 7.

[0031] In this embodiment, the second elastic member 11 ensures that the one-way paddle 16 can always contact the protrusion 15, ensuring that the one-way paddle 16 can be contacted at the first time during the final landing stage of the drone, preventing the distance between different landing legs 2 from being too large during landing, causing the drone to roll over, thereby improving the safety of the drone during landing.

[0032] As a further technical solution, the landing leg 2 has a limit cavity 17 therein, and also includes: a limit block 18 arranged on the slide rod 14 , the limit block 18 slides in the limit cavity 17 , and the limit block 18 is used to limit the sliding position of the slide rod 14 .

[0033] In this embodiment, the limit cavity 17 in the landing leg 2 provides a specific sliding space for the limit block 18, ensuring the stability and directionality of the movement of the limit block 18. The limit block 18 slides in the limit cavity 17, which can effectively limit the sliding position of the slide bar 14, prevent the slide bar 14 from excessively extending or retracting, and ensure that the slide bar 14 moves within the specified stroke. By limiting the sliding position of the slide bar 14, the situation of the landing leg 2 being out of control or related parts being damaged due to the slide bar 14 sliding out of range is avoided, and the safety and reliability of the movement of the slide bar 14 are enhanced, making the lifting action of the landing leg 2 more precise and controllable. The matching structure of the limit block 18 and the limit cavity 17 is simple, easy to manufacture and install, and has a low maintenance cost, which helps to improve the economy and practicality of the entire UAV landing device.

[0034] As a further technical solution, the slide bar 14 can rotate in the slot 13 , and after the slide bar 14 rotates, the protrusion 15 abuts against or cancels the abutment against the one-way paddle 16 .

[0035] In this embodiment, when the drone completes landing, the protrusion 15 disengages from the one-way paddle 16 when the slide bar 14 is manually rotated, and the lifting legs are unlocked at this time. The lifting legs can be reset by rotating the damping shaft to prepare for the next take-off.

[0036] As a further technical solution, it also includes: there are a plurality of guide rods 19, which are arranged on the frame 1, and a guide space 20 is formed between the plurality of guide rods 19. The lifting rod 12 is located in the guide space 20, and the guide space 20 is used to limit and guide the lifting and lowering of the lifting rod 12.

[0037] In this embodiment, the guide space 20 formed by a plurality of guide rods 19 provides a clear path and restriction for the lifting and lowering of the lifting rod 12, ensuring that the lifting rod 12 can only be lifted vertically in a predetermined direction, and avoiding the lifting rod 12 from being offset or skewed during movement. This restriction and guiding effect improves the accuracy and stability of the lifting and lowering action of the lifting rod 12, so that the lifting rod 12 can accurately cooperate with the limit rod 8 to achieve precise control of the landing leg 2. The guide space 20 effectively reduces the lateral force and interference to the lifting rod 12 during the lifting process, reduces the wear and failure risk of the lifting rod 12, and extends its service life. The movement of the lifting rod 12 is made more stable and smooth, the control error caused by the shaking or jamming of the lifting rod 12 is reduced, and the reliability of the entire landing leg 2 control system is improved.

[0038] As a further technical solution, it also includes: a rotating driving member 21 is arranged on the frame 1, and the rotating driving member 21 is used to drive the damping rod 6 to rotate.

[0039] In this embodiment, the rotating drive member 21 provides an active power source for the rotation of the damping rod 6, ensuring that the damping rod 6 can stably and effectively drive the rotating shaft 4 to rotate, thereby realizing the lifting and lowering action of the landing leg 2. When the UAV faces different terrains and landing conditions, the rotating drive member 21 can respond quickly and make corresponding adjustments, thereby improving the adaptability of the UAV and its ability to cope with complex environments.

[0040] As a further technical solution, the landing legs 2 and the rotating shaft 4 are made of carbon fiber.

[0041] In this embodiment, the carbon fiber material has excellent strength and rigidity, and can withstand the huge impact force and load during the take-off and landing of the UAV, ensuring that the landing legs 2 and the rotating shaft 4 are not easily deformed or damaged, thereby enhancing the reliability and durability of the structure. The carbon fiber material is light in weight, and its use on the landing legs 2 and the rotating shaft 4 can reduce the overall weight of the UAV, which helps to improve the flight efficiency and endurance of the UAV. Carbon fiber has good fatigue resistance and can maintain stable performance during long-term use, reducing the risk of structural fatigue and damage caused by frequent take-offs and landings.

[0042] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dedicated UAV for geographic information surveying and mapping, characterized in that: include: Rack(1); A plurality of landing legs (2) are provided on the frame (1) for lifting and lowering, the landing legs (2) being used to support the ground to ensure the balance of the frame (1), and the landing legs (2) are provided with teeth (3); A plurality of rotating shafts (4) rotatably disposed on the frame (1); A gear (5) is arranged on the rotating shaft (4), the gear (5) meshing with the teeth (3), and the gear (5) is used to drive the lifting leg (2) to move up and down.

2. The dedicated UAV for geographic information surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (4) is a hollow structure and further comprises: A damping rod (6) is located inside the rotating shaft (4), and the damping rod (6) drives the rotating shaft (4) to rotate through friction; A limiting wheel (7) is arranged on the rotating shaft (4); A limit rod (8) is rotatably arranged on the frame (1), and one end of the limit rod (8) has a limit block (10). After the limit rod (8) rotates, the limit block (10) approaches or moves away from the limit wheel (7), and the limit block (10) is used to limit the rotation of the limit wheel (7).

3. The dedicated UAV for geographic information surveying and mapping according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A lifting rod (12) is lifted and arranged on the frame (1); after the lifting rod (12) is lifted and lowered, it approaches or moves away from the end of the limiting rod (8) away from the limiting wheel (7); the lifting rod (12) is used to drive the limiting rod (8) to rotate.

4. The dedicated UAV for geographic information surveying and mapping according to claim 3, characterized in that: The landing leg (2) is provided with a slot (13), and further comprises: A slide bar (14) is lifted and lowered in the slot (13), and the slide bar (14) has a plurality of projections (15) arranged in an array at intervals; a one-way paddle (16) rotatably arranged at one end of the lifting rod (12) close to the sliding rod (14), the one-way paddle (16) abutting against the protrusion (15); The first elastic member (9) has two ends disposed on the lifting rod (12) and the one-way paddle (16) respectively, and the first elastic member (9) is used to provide a force for the one-way paddle (16) to approach the protrusion (15).

5. The dedicated UAV for geographic information surveying and mapping according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A second elastic member (11) has two ends disposed on the limiting rod (8) and the frame (1) respectively, and the second elastic member (11) is used to provide a force for the limiting block (10) on the limiting rod (8) to move away from the limiting wheel (7).

6. The dedicated UAV for geographic information surveying and mapping according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting and lowering leg (2) has a limiting cavity (17) therein, and further comprises: A limit block (18) is arranged on the slide bar (14); the limit block (18) slides in the limit cavity (17); and the limit block (18) is used to limit the sliding position of the slide bar (14).

7. The dedicated UAV for geographic information surveying and mapping according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slide bar (14) is rotatably disposed in the slotted hole (13); after the slide bar (14) rotates, the protrusion (15) abuts against or cancels abutment against the one-way paddle (16).

8. The dedicated UAV for geographic information surveying and mapping according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A plurality of guide rods (19) are provided on the frame (1), a guide space (20) is formed between the plurality of guide rods (19), the lifting rod (12) is located in the guide space (20), and the guide space (20) is used to limit and guide the lifting of the lifting rod (12).

9. The dedicated UAV for geographic information surveying and mapping according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A rotating drive member (21) is arranged on the frame (1), and the rotating drive member (21) is used to drive the damping rod (6) to rotate.

10. The dedicated UAV for geographic information surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The landing legs (2) and the rotating shaft (4) are made of carbon fiber material.

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