Bio-fermented soybean milk powder organic fertilizer and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a bio-fermented soy milk powder organic fertilizer and a preparation process thereof, belonging to the technical field of fertilizers; the preparation process thereof comprises the following steps: preparing soy milk powder; preparing burdock root extract; preparing echinacea extract; and preparing organic fertilizer. The present invention activates Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and then mixes the activated Bacillus subtilis, activated Lactobacillus plantarum and activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a mass ratio of (8-10): (2-3): 1 to ferment soybeans to prepare soy milk powder. The method has higher fermentation efficiency and can effectively increase the content of small molecule polypeptides in the soy milk powder. When the soy milk powder is used as the main component of the organic fertilizer, organic substances such as protein in the soybeans are decomposed into small molecule polypeptides after fermentation, so the organic substances are more conducive to crop absorption, can provide nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various trace elements to the crops, and effectively promote crop growth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a bio-fermented soybean milk powder organic fertilizer and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continued development of global agriculture, fertilizers play a crucial role in ensuring crop yield and quality, and maintaining the stability of agricultural ecosystems. Over the past few decades, traditional chemical fertilizers, thanks to their ability to quickly provide large amounts of key nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to crops, have become the mainstream fertilizer in agricultural production, significantly driving the surge in food production.

[0003] However, long-term, exclusive reliance on traditional fertilizers has also led to a series of increasingly serious environmental and agricultural problems. On the one hand, excessive fertilizer use has severely damaged soil structure, leading to increasingly common soil compaction. Fertilizers bind soil particles tightly together, significantly reducing porosity and air and water permeability. This makes it difficult for plant roots to grow and hinders water and nutrient absorption, ultimately leading to poor crop growth and yield declines. Furthermore, the excessive use of fertilizers has also led to soil acidification, altering the structure of soil microbial communities, sharply reducing the number of beneficial microorganisms and allowing harmful pathogens to thrive. This not only reduces soil fertility but also makes crops more susceptible to pests and diseases. Furthermore, excessive fertilizers, washed into rivers, lakes, and seas by rainwater, cause eutrophication and rampant algae growth, triggering a series of ecological crises, including reduced oxygen levels in the water and mass die-offs of fish and other aquatic life, significantly impacting the balance of the entire ecosystem.

[0004] Faced with the numerous drawbacks of traditional chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers are gradually gaining attention as a green and sustainable alternative. Organic fertilizers are derived from natural organic matter, such as animal and plant residues and livestock manure. Their rich organic matter has unique advantages in improving soil structure. Organic matter increases soil porosity, making it loose and porous, significantly improving aeration and water retention, and creating a favorable growth environment for plant roots. Furthermore, the nutrients in organic fertilizers are released slowly, meeting the needs of crops at different growth stages, reducing nutrient loss and improving nutrient utilization efficiency. Furthermore, organic fertilizers promote the proliferation of soil microorganisms, foster a healthy soil ecosystem, enhance soil self-repair capabilities, reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, and contribute to sustainable agricultural development. However, many current organic fertilizers are based on a relatively simple raw material composition, relying solely on simple ingredients such as livestock manure or crop straw. These ingredients fail to provide comprehensive and balanced nutrition for crops, making them ineffective in promoting effective growth.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a bio-fermented soy milk powder organic fertilizer and a preparation process thereof that can provide comprehensive nutrition for crops to promote crop growth and development. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a bio-fermented soybean milk powder organic fertilizer and a preparation process thereof.

[0007] A preparation process of biological fermentation soybean milk powder organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1: Preparation of soy milk powder

[0009] The pretreated soybeans are mixed with elm leaves and mango peel residues and crushed, and then activated Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae are added for mixed fermentation, and then air-dried and ground to obtain soy milk powder;

[0010] S2: Preparation of burdock root extract

[0011] The burdock root is washed and sliced, soaked in an ascorbic acid solution, crushed, dried and extracted with an ethanol solution to obtain a burdock root extract;

[0012] S3: Preparation of Echinacea Extract

[0013] The echinacea purpurea is washed, dried, crushed and ground, and then added to an ethanol solution, followed by ultrasonic extraction to obtain an echinacea purpurea extract;

[0014] S4: Preparation of organic fertilizer

[0015] The rapeseed meal and animal aggregate are pretreated respectively, then mixed with the burdock root extract and the echinacea extract, sprayed with an activated microbial composite agent for fermentation, and then added with the soy milk powder, mixed and granulated, and dried to obtain an organic fertilizer.

[0016] Furthermore, S1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0017] S1.1: Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae are inoculated into LB liquid medium, MRS liquid medium, and YPD liquid medium, respectively, and cultured at 34-36°C, 30-34°C, and 25-30°C for 12-24 hours, respectively, to activate Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae;

[0018] S1.2: Select high-quality soybeans, wash them with clean water to remove impurities and surface dirt, and then dry them. Then, mix and crush them with elm leaves and mango peel residue to obtain a mixed fermentation raw material, wherein the mass ratio of soybeans, elm leaves, and mango peel residue is (13-15): (3-5):1;

[0019] S1.3: Add the above-mentioned activated Bacillus subtilis, activated Lactobacillus plantarum and activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae to the above-mentioned mixed fermentation raw materials, and then add purified water until the water content reaches 40-50%, then stir thoroughly, transfer to a sealed fermentation container, ferment at 30-36°C for 4-5 days, and then air-dry and grind to obtain soy milk powder.

[0020] Furthermore, S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0021] S2.1: Wash and slice fresh burdock roots, then soak them in a 0.5% ascorbic acid solution for 20-30 minutes. Crush and dry the burdock root powder.

[0022] S2.2: Add the above-mentioned burdock root powder to 70% ethanol solution at a material-liquid ratio of 1 g: (20-30) mL, heat and reflux at 50-60°C for 1-2 hours, then centrifuge and filter. Repeat the extraction 2-3 times, combine the filtrates, and then concentrate under reduced pressure and vacuum dry to obtain the burdock root extract.

[0023] Furthermore, S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] S3.1: Wash and dry fresh Echinacea, crush and grind it, and then add it to a 60% ethanol solution at a material-liquid ratio of 1 g: (30-40) mL. Stir thoroughly to obtain an Echinacea dispersion.

[0025] S3.2: Transfer the above-mentioned Echinacea dispersion to an ultrasonic extractor, perform ultrasonic extraction for 40-50 minutes, filter, repeat the extraction twice on the filter residue, combine the filtrates, and then perform reduced pressure concentration and vacuum drying to obtain the Echinacea extract.

[0026] Furthermore, S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0027] S4.1: Crush the rapeseed meal and soak it in clean water for 10-12 hours, then remove it and drain it for later use to obtain pretreated rapeseed meal powder;

[0028] S4.2: Clean, dry, and grind the animal bone material, and then steam at 120-130°C and 0.2-0.4 MPa for 30-40 minutes to obtain pretreated bone meal;

[0029] S4.3: Place the pretreated rapeseed meal, pretreated bone meal, burdock root extract obtained in step S2.2, and Echinacea extract obtained in step S3.2 in a mixer and stir at 80-120 rpm for 20-30 minutes. Then, add 20-30% by weight of water and continue stirring for 10-20 minutes to obtain a mixture.

[0030] S4.4: Spray the activated microbial composite agent evenly on the surface of the mixed material while stirring. Then transfer the mixed material to a ventilated fermentation tank and ferment at 25-30°C for 8-10 days, turning the compost every 2-3 days, and then age it for 10-12 days to obtain a mixed fermentation product.

[0031] S4.5: Add the soy milk powder obtained in step S1.3 to the mixed fermentation product, stir and mix thoroughly, and then granulate and dry to obtain organic fertilizer.

[0032] Furthermore, the inoculum size of activated Bacillus subtilis is (5-6)×10 5 CFU / g mixed fermentation raw materials, and the mass ratio of activated Bacillus subtilis, activated Lactobacillus plantarum and activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae is (8-10): (2-3):1.

[0033] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the pretreated rapeseed meal, the pretreated bone meal, the burdock root extract and the echinacea extract is (4-5):(2-3):(1-2):1.

[0034] Furthermore, the preparation steps of the activated microbial composite agent are as follows: Bacillus megaterium and Trichoderma harzianum are inoculated into LB liquid culture medium and PDA culture medium, respectively, and cultured at 35-37°C and 28-32°C for 12-24 hours, respectively, to activate and obtain activated Bacillus megaterium and activated Trichoderma harzianum, and then the above-mentioned activated Bacillus megaterium, activated Trichoderma harzianum and activated Bacillus subtilis obtained in step S1.1 are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of (1-3):1:(3-4) to obtain an activated microbial composite agent.

[0035] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the activated microbial composite agent to the mixed material is 1:(20-26), and the mass ratio of the soy milk powder to the mixed fermentation product is (10-14):1.

[0036] Furthermore, a bio-fermented soy milk powder organic fertilizer is prepared by any of the above-mentioned preparation processes for a bio-fermented soy milk powder organic fertilizer.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. The present invention prepares soy milk powder by first activating Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and then mixing the activated Bacillus subtilis, activated Lactobacillus plantarum and activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae to ferment soybeans. After the soybeans are fermented, organic substances such as protein in the soybeans are decomposed into small-molecule polypeptides, which are more conducive to crop absorption and can provide nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various trace elements for the crops. Therefore, when the soy milk powder is used as the main component of organic fertilizer, it can effectively promote crop growth. In addition, when the activated Bacillus subtilis, activated Lactobacillus plantarum and activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae are mixed in a mass ratio of (8-10): (2-3): 1 to ferment soybeans, higher fermentation efficiency is achieved, and the content of small-molecule polypeptides in the soy milk powder can be effectively increased.

[0039] 2. The present invention pre-treats soybeans and then mixes them with elm leaves and mango peel residue for fermentation. Since elm leaves are rich in nutrients, they can not only provide nutrition for microbial reproduction, reduce the damage of free radicals to microorganisms during the fermentation process, and maintain the stability of the fermentation environment, but also play a role in adsorbing and fixing microorganisms, so that microorganisms can better contact with soybeans. Mango peel residue contains a large amount of carbohydrates, organic acids and minerals, etc., which can not only provide important carbon sources, nitrogen sources and trace elements for microbial fermentation, so that microorganisms can better grow and metabolize, but also the pectin therein helps microorganisms in the fermentation substrate. Even distribution is conducive to the mutual cooperation between microorganisms, and minerals can serve as auxiliary factors of microbial enzymes, participate in the metabolic process of microorganisms, and promote the fermentation of microorganisms. When elm leaves and mango peel residue are used in combination, the two are complementary in nutrients, which can provide more comprehensive nutrition for microorganisms and promote their balanced growth and efficient metabolism. The nutrients and bioactive substances in elm leaves support the growth and metabolism of microorganisms, and the carbon source and regulatory substances in mango peel residue optimize the fermentation environment, so that the three microorganisms can better perform their respective functions, thereby synergistically promoting the microorganisms to decompose soy protein and produce more small molecule peptides.

[0040] 3. The present invention extracts burdock root and echinacea with ethanol solution respectively to prepare burdock root extract and echinacea extract, and then mixes the two with rapeseed meal and animal aggregate for fermentation and then mixes them with soy milk powder to prepare organic fertilizer. Since the burdock root extract is rich in nutrients, it can participate in the physiological processes of plants and improve the metabolic efficiency of plants, thereby promoting the growth and development of plants. The echinacea extract can improve the plant's absorption efficiency of nutrients in the soil by affecting the physiological functions of plant roots. When the burdock root extract and the echinacea extract are used together, the burdock root extract provides nutrients that can meet the growth and development of crops, and the echinacea extract can promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients by crops, thereby improving the nutrient supply efficiency of organic fertilizers, better meeting the nutrient needs of crops at different growth stages, and promoting the growth and development of crops. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure and to enable one skilled in the relevant art to make and use the present disclosure.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the preparation process of the bio-fermented soy milk powder organic fertilizer used in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following describes in detail a bio-fermented soybean milk powder organic fertilizer and its preparation process provided by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] Preparation Example

[0045] The steps for preparing LB liquid medium are as follows:

[0046] LB liquid culture medium was prepared by adding 10 g / L tryptone, 5 g / L yeast extract, and 10 g / L sodium chloride into distilled water, stirring to mix evenly, sterilizing, and storing at 4°C until use.

[0047] The preparation steps of MRS liquid medium are as follows:

[0048] 10 g / L peptone, 10 g / L beef extract, 5 g / L yeast extract, 20 g / L glucose, 5 g / L sodium acetate, 2 g / L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.58 g / L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.25 g / L anhydrous manganese sulfate, and 1 mL / L Tween 80 were added to distilled water, stirred to mix evenly, sterilized, and stored at 4°C for later use to obtain MRS liquid culture medium.

[0049] The steps for preparing YPD liquid medium are as follows:

[0050] Yeast extract (10 g / L), tryptone (20 g / L) and glucose (20 g / L) were added to distilled water, stirred and mixed evenly, sterilized, and stored at 4°C until use to obtain YPD liquid culture medium.

[0051] The steps for preparing PDA medium are as follows:

[0052] Peel and cut 200 g of potatoes into pieces, add water and boil for 15 minutes, then filter to obtain about 400 mL of extract, then add 20 g of glucose, stir to dissolve, and add distilled water to make up the total volume to 1 L. After sterilization, store at 4°C until use to obtain PDA culture medium.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] A preparation process of biological fermentation soybean milk powder organic fertilizer, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0055] S1: Preparation of soy milk powder

[0056] S1.1: Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were inoculated into LB liquid medium, MRS liquid medium, and YPD liquid medium, respectively, and cultured at 34°C, 30°C, and 25°C for 12 hours, respectively, to activate Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae;

[0057] S1.2: Select high-quality soybeans, wash them with clean water to remove impurities and surface dirt, and then dry them. Then, mix and crush them with elm leaves and mango peel residue to obtain a mixed fermentation raw material, wherein the mass ratio of soybeans, elm leaves, and mango peel residue is 13:3:1;

[0058] S1.3: Add the activated Bacillus subtilis, activated Lactobacillus plantarum and activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae to the mixed fermentation raw materials, add purified water until the water content reaches 40%, then stir thoroughly, transfer to a sealed fermentation container, and ferment at 30°C for 4 days, then air-dry and grind to obtain soy milk powder, wherein the inoculum amount of activated Bacillus subtilis is 5×10 5 CFU / g mixed fermentation raw materials, and the mass ratio of activated Bacillus subtilis, activated Lactobacillus plantarum and activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 8:2:1;

[0059] S2: Preparation of burdock root extract

[0060] S2.1: Wash and slice fresh burdock roots, then soak them in a 0.5% ascorbic acid solution for 20 minutes. Crush and dry the burdock root powder.

[0061] S2.2: Add the burdock root powder to 70% ethanol at a material-liquid ratio of 1 g:20 mL. Heat and reflux the solution at 50°C for 1 h, then centrifuge and filter. Repeat the extraction twice. Combine the filtrates, concentrate under reduced pressure, and vacuum dry to obtain the burdock root extract.

[0062] S3: Preparation of Echinacea Extract

[0063] S3.1: Wash and dry fresh Echinacea, crush and grind it, then add it to a 60% ethanol solution at a material-liquid ratio of 1 g:30 mL, and stir thoroughly to obtain an Echinacea dispersion.

[0064] S3.2: Transfer the Echinacea dispersion to an ultrasonic extractor and perform ultrasonic extraction for 40 minutes. After filtration, the extraction is repeated twice on the residue. The filtrates are combined, and then concentrated under reduced pressure and dried under vacuum to obtain the Echinacea extract.

[0065] S4: Preparation of organic fertilizer

[0066] S4.1: Crush the rapeseed meal and soak it in clean water for 10 hours, then remove it and drain it for later use to obtain pretreated rapeseed meal powder;

[0067] S4.2: Clean, dry, and grind the animal bone material, and then steam at 120°C and 0.2 MPa for 30-40 minutes to obtain pretreated bone meal;

[0068] S4.3: The pretreated rapeseed meal, pretreated bone meal, burdock root extract obtained in step S2.2, and echinacea extract obtained in step S3.2 were placed in a mixer at a mass ratio of 4:2:1:1 and stirred at 80 rpm for 20 minutes. Then, 20% by mass of water was added and stirring was continued for 10 minutes to obtain a mixture.

[0069] S4.4: Spraying the activated microbial composite agent evenly on the surface of the mixed material while stirring, then transferring it to a ventilated fermentation tank, fermenting it at 25°C for 8 days, turning it over every 2 days, and then aging it for 10 days to obtain a mixed fermentation product, wherein the mass ratio of the activated microbial composite agent to the mixed material is 1:20. The preparation steps of the activated microbial composite agent are as follows: inoculating Bacillus megaterium and Trichoderma harzianum into LB liquid culture medium and PDA culture medium, respectively, and culturing them at 35°C and 28°C for 12 hours, respectively, to activate them to obtain activated Bacillus megaterium and activated Trichoderma harzianum, and then evenly mixing the activated Bacillus megaterium and activated Trichoderma harzianum with the activated Bacillus subtilis prepared in step S1.1 at a mass ratio of 1:1:3 to obtain the activated microbial composite agent;

[0070] S4.5: Add the soy milk powder obtained in step S1.3 to the mixed fermentation product, stir and mix thoroughly, and then granulate and dry to obtain organic fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of soy milk powder to mixed fermentation product is 10:1.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] A preparation process of biological fermentation soybean milk powder organic fertilizer, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0073] S1: Preparation of soy milk powder

[0074] S1.1: Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were inoculated into LB liquid medium, MRS liquid medium, and YPD liquid medium, respectively, and cultured at 35°C, 32°C, and 28°C for 18 hours, respectively, to activate Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae;

[0075] S1.2: Select high-quality soybeans, wash them with clean water to remove impurities and surface dirt, and then dry them. Then, mix and crush them with elm leaves and mango peel residue to obtain a mixed fermentation raw material, wherein the mass ratio of soybeans, elm leaves, and mango peel residue is 14:4:1;

[0076] S1.3: Add the activated Bacillus subtilis, activated Lactobacillus plantarum and activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae to the mixed fermentation raw materials, then add purified water until the water content reaches 45%, then stir thoroughly, transfer to a sealed fermentation container, and ferment at 33°C for 4-5 days, then air-dry and grind to obtain soy milk powder, wherein the inoculum amount of activated Bacillus subtilis is 5.5×10 5 CFU / g mixed fermentation raw materials, and the mass ratio of activated Bacillus subtilis, activated Lactobacillus plantarum and activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 9:2.5:1;

[0077] S2: Preparation of burdock root extract

[0078] S2.1: Wash and slice fresh burdock roots, then soak them in a 0.5% ascorbic acid solution for 25 minutes. Crush and dry the burdock root powder.

[0079] S2.2: Add the burdock root powder to 70% ethanol at a material-liquid ratio of 1 g:25 mL. Heat and reflux the solution at 55°C for 1.5 h, then centrifuge and filter. Repeat the extraction twice. Combine the filtrates, concentrate under reduced pressure, and vacuum dry to obtain the burdock root extract.

[0080] S3: Preparation of Echinacea Extract

[0081] S3.1: Wash and dry fresh Echinacea, crush and grind it, then add it to a 60% ethanol solution at a material-liquid ratio of 1 g:35 mL, and stir thoroughly to obtain an Echinacea dispersion.

[0082] S3.2: Transfer the Echinacea dispersion to an ultrasonic extractor and perform ultrasonic extraction for 45 minutes. After filtration, repeat the extraction twice on the residue. The filtrates are combined, and then concentrated under reduced pressure and dried under vacuum to obtain the Echinacea extract.

[0083] S4: Preparation of organic fertilizer

[0084] S4.1: Crush the rapeseed meal and soak it in clean water for 11 hours, then remove it and drain it for later use to obtain pretreated rapeseed meal powder;

[0085] S4.2: Clean, dry, and grind the animal bone material, and then steam at 125°C and 0.3 MPa for 35 minutes to obtain pretreated bone meal;

[0086] S4.3: Place the pretreated rapeseed meal, pretreated bone meal, burdock root extract obtained in step S2.2, and Echinacea extract obtained in step S3.2 in a mixer at a mass ratio of 4.5:2.5:1.5:1, stir at 100 rpm for 25 minutes, then add 25% by mass water, and continue stirring for 15 minutes to obtain a mixture;

[0087] S4.4: Spraying the activated microbial composite agent evenly on the surface of the mixed material while stirring, then transferring it to a ventilated fermentation tank, fermenting it at 28°C for 9 days, turning it over every 2 days, and then aging it for 11 days to obtain a mixed fermentation product, wherein the mass ratio of the activated microbial composite agent to the mixed material is 1:23. The preparation steps of the activated microbial composite agent are as follows: inoculating Bacillus megaterium and Trichoderma harzianum into LB liquid culture medium and PDA culture medium, respectively, and culturing them at 36°C and 30°C for 18 hours, respectively, to activate them to obtain activated Bacillus megaterium and activated Trichoderma harzianum, and then evenly mixing the activated Bacillus megaterium and activated Trichoderma harzianum with the activated Bacillus subtilis prepared in step S1.1 at a mass ratio of 2:1:3.5 to obtain the activated microbial composite agent;

[0088] S4.5: Add the soy milk powder obtained in step S1.3 to the mixed fermentation product, stir and mix thoroughly, and then granulate and dry to obtain organic fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of soy milk powder to mixed fermentation product is 12:1.

[0089] Example 3

[0090] A preparation process of biological fermentation soybean milk powder organic fertilizer, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0091] S1: Preparation of soy milk powder

[0092] S1.1: Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were inoculated into LB liquid medium, MRS liquid medium, and YPD liquid medium, respectively, and cultured at 36°C, 34°C, and 30°C for 24 hours, respectively, to activate Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae;

[0093] S1.2: Select high-quality soybeans, wash them with clean water to remove impurities and surface dirt, and then dry them. Then, mix and crush them with elm leaves and mango peel residue to obtain a mixed fermentation raw material, wherein the mass ratio of soybeans, elm leaves, and mango peel residue is 15:5:1;

[0094] S1.3: Add the activated Bacillus subtilis, activated Lactobacillus plantarum and activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae to the mixed fermentation raw materials, add purified water until the water content reaches 50%, then stir thoroughly, transfer to a sealed fermentation container, and ferment at 36°C for 5 days, then air-dry and grind to obtain soy milk powder, wherein the inoculum amount of activated Bacillus subtilis is 6×10 5 CFU / g mixed fermentation raw materials, and the mass ratio of activated Bacillus subtilis, activated Lactobacillus plantarum and activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 10:3:1;

[0095] S2: Preparation of burdock root extract

[0096] S2.1: Wash and slice fresh burdock roots, then soak them in a 0.5% ascorbic acid solution for 30 minutes. Crush and dry the burdock root powder.

[0097] S2.2: Add the burdock root powder to 70% ethanol at a material-liquid ratio of 1 g:30 mL. Heat and reflux the solution at 60°C for 2 h, then centrifuge and filter. Repeat the extraction three times. Combine the filtrates, concentrate under reduced pressure, and vacuum dry to obtain the burdock root extract.

[0098] S3: Preparation of Echinacea Extract

[0099] S3.1: Wash and dry fresh Echinacea, crush and grind it, then add it to a 60% ethanol solution at a material-liquid ratio of 1 g:40 mL, and stir thoroughly to obtain an Echinacea dispersion.

[0100] S3.2: Transfer the Echinacea dispersion to an ultrasonic extractor and perform ultrasonic extraction for 50 minutes. After filtration, the extraction is repeated twice on the residue. The filtrates are combined, and then concentrated under reduced pressure and dried under vacuum to obtain the Echinacea extract.

[0101] S4: Preparation of organic fertilizer

[0102] S4.1: Crush the rapeseed meal and soak it in clean water for 12 hours, then remove it and drain it for later use to obtain pretreated rapeseed meal powder;

[0103] S4.2: Clean, dry, and grind the animal bone material, and then steam at 130°C and 0.4 MPa for 40 min to obtain pretreated bone meal;

[0104] S4.3: The pretreated rapeseed meal, pretreated bone meal, burdock root extract obtained in step S2.2, and echinacea extract obtained in step S3.2 were placed in a mixer in a mass ratio of 5:3:2:1 and stirred at 120 rpm for 30 minutes. Then, 30% by mass of water was added and stirring was continued for 20 minutes to obtain a mixture.

[0105] S4.4: Spraying the activated microbial composite agent evenly on the surface of the mixed material while stirring, then transferring it to a ventilated fermentation tank, fermenting it at 30°C for 10 days, turning it over every 3 days, and then aging it for 12 days to obtain a mixed fermentation product, wherein the mass ratio of the activated microbial composite agent to the mixed material is 1:26. The preparation steps of the activated microbial composite agent are as follows: inoculating Bacillus megaterium and Trichoderma harzianum into LB liquid culture medium and PDA culture medium, respectively, and culturing them at 37°C and 32°C for 24 hours, respectively, to activate them to obtain activated Bacillus megaterium and activated Trichoderma harzianum, and then evenly mixing the activated Bacillus megaterium and activated Trichoderma harzianum with the activated Bacillus subtilis prepared in step S1.1 at a mass ratio of 3:1:4 to obtain the activated microbial composite agent;

[0106] S4.5: Add the soy milk powder obtained in step S1.3 to the mixed fermentation product, stir and mix thoroughly, and then granulate and dry to obtain organic fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of soy milk powder to mixed fermentation product is 14:1.

[0107] Comparative Example 1

[0108] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of activated Bacillus subtilis, activated Lactobacillus plantarum and activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae in step S1.3 is adjusted to 7:1:1.

[0109] Comparative Example 2

[0110] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of activated Bacillus subtilis, activated Lactobacillus plantarum and activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae in step S1.3 is adjusted to 11:4:1.

[0111] Comparative Example 3

[0112] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that the elm leaves in step S1.2 are replaced with an equal amount of mango peel residue.

[0113] Comparative Example 4

[0114] The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that the mango peel residue in step S1.2 is replaced by an equal amount of elm leaves.

[0115] Comparative Example 5

[0116] The difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 1 is that the burdock root extract in step S4.3 is replaced by an equal amount of Echinacea extract.

[0117] Comparative Example 6

[0118] The difference between Comparative Example 6 and Example 1 is that the Echinacea extract in step S4.3 is replaced by an equal amount of burdock root extract.

[0119] Comparative Example 7

[0120] The difference between Comparative Example 7 and Example 1 is that the mixed fermentation product in step S4.5 is replaced by an equal amount of soy milk powder, that is, the prepared organic fertilizer contains only the soy milk powder fertilizer prepared in step S1.3.

[0121] Test Case

[0122] Test 1: The proportion of small molecule polypeptides (number of amino acids ≤ 50) in the total amount of soy milk powder prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 was measured and calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0123] Table 1: Comparison of the proportion of small molecule peptides in the total amount of soy milk powder

[0124] Small molecule peptide proportion (%) Example 1 67.5 Example 2 67.2 Example 3 66.9 Comparative Example 1 60.2 Comparative Example 2 60.3 Comparative Example 3 58.6 Comparative Example 4 59.5

[0125] As can be seen from Table 1, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, after the mass ratio of activated Bacillus subtilis, activated Lactobacillus plantarum and activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae was adjusted to be outside the range of (8-10): (2-3): 1, the proportion of small molecule polypeptides in the soymilk powder obtained by soybean fermentation was lower than that in Example 1. It can be seen that when activated Bacillus subtilis, activated Lactobacillus plantarum and activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae are mixed in a mass ratio of (8-10): (2-3): 1 to ferment soybeans, the fermentation efficiency is higher and the content of small molecule polypeptides in the soymilk powder can be effectively increased;

[0126] In addition, in Comparative Examples 3 and 4, when a single mango peel residue or a single elm leaf is mixed with soybeans for fermentation, the proportion of small molecule polypeptides in the obtained soy milk powder is lower than the proportion of small molecule polypeptides in the soy milk powder obtained by simultaneously fermenting mango peel residue and elm leaves in Example 1. It can be seen that when elm leaves and mango peel residue are used in combination, the three microorganisms can better perform their respective functions, thereby synergistically promoting the microbial decomposition of soy protein and producing more small molecule polypeptides.

[0127] Test 2:

[0128] Test method: Two-year ginseng fields were selected for the test. The test fields were divided into 7 groups, namely, Example 1 group, Example 2 group, Example 3 group, Comparative Example 5 group, Comparative Example 6 group, Comparative Example 7 group and blank group. The area of ​​each test area was 5m 2 , and each test area is randomly arranged. Then, dig furrows between the rows in each test area and evenly apply fertilizer according to the preset amount. The field management of the test field is consistent with that of the field. Sampling surveys are carried out when ginseng is harvested at its best. The sampling area is 1m per test area. 2 The ginseng root yield and single root weight were measured, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0129] Fertilizer dosage:

[0130] Example 1 group: The organic fertilizer prepared in Example 1 was applied at a rate of 2 kg / 10 m 2 ;

[0131] Example 2 group: The organic fertilizer prepared in Example 2 was applied at a rate of 2 kg / 10 m 2 ;

[0132] Example 3 group: The organic fertilizer prepared in Example 3 was applied at a rate of 2 kg / 10 m 2 ;

[0133] Comparative Example 5: The organic fertilizer prepared in Comparative Example 5 was applied at a rate of 2 kg / 10 m 2 ;

[0134] Comparative Example 6: The organic fertilizer prepared in Comparative Example 6 was applied at a rate of 2 kg / 10 m 2 ;

[0135] Comparative Example 7: The organic fertilizer prepared in Comparative Example 7 was applied at a rate of 2 kg / 10 m 2 ;

[0136] Blank group: no topdressing.

[0137] Table 2: Comparison of ginseng root yield per square meter and average weight per root

[0138] Ginseng root yield (g) Average single weight (g) Example 1 836 16.9 Example 2 845 17.1 Example 3 853 16.8 Comparative Example 5 769 14.6 Comparative Example 6 746 14.2 Comparative Example 7 708 13.4 Blank group 623 12.7

[0139] As can be seen from Table 2, the organic fertilizers prepared by adding a single echinacea extract and a single burdock root extract in Comparative Examples 5 and 6, after application, had lower ginseng root yield per square meter and average weight per root than those in Example 1. This indicates that the combined use of burdock root extract and echinacea extract can improve the nutrient supply efficiency of organic fertilizers, better meet the nutrient needs of crops at different growth stages, and thus promote the growth and development of crops.

[0140] In addition, after applying the organic fertilizer prepared with only soy milk powder in Comparative Example 7, the yield per square meter and the average weight of each ginseng root were improved compared with the blank group, indicating that the soy milk powder prepared by first activating Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and then mixing the activated Bacillus subtilis, activated Lactobacillus plantarum and activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae to ferment soybeans can promote crop growth.

[0141] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical principles disclosed herein are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for preparing bio-fermented soybean milk powder organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Preparation of soy milk powder The pretreated soybeans are mixed with elm leaves and mango peel residues and crushed, and then activated Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae are added for mixed fermentation, and then air-dried and ground to obtain soy milk powder; S2: Preparation of burdock root extract The burdock root is washed and sliced, soaked in an ascorbic acid solution, crushed, dried and extracted with an ethanol solution to obtain a burdock root extract; S3: Preparation of Echinacea Extract The echinacea purpurea is washed, dried, crushed and ground, and then added to an ethanol solution, followed by ultrasonic extraction to obtain an echinacea purpurea extract; S4: Preparation of organic fertilizer The rapeseed meal and animal aggregate are pretreated respectively, then mixed with the burdock root extract and the echinacea extract, sprayed with an activated microbial composite agent for fermentation, and then added with the soy milk powder, mixed and granulated, and dried to obtain an organic fertilizer; The inoculum size of activated Bacillus subtilis is (5-6)×10 5 CFU / g mixed fermentation raw materials, and the mass ratio of activated Bacillus subtilis, activated Lactobacillus plantarum and activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae is (8-10): (2-3):

1.

2. The preparation process of a bio-fermented soybean milk powder organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: S1 includes the following steps: S1.1: Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae are inoculated into LB liquid medium, MRS liquid medium, and YPD liquid medium, respectively, and cultured at 34-36°C, 30-34°C, and 25-30°C for 12-24 hours, respectively, to activate Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae; S1.2: Select high-quality soybeans, wash them with clean water to remove impurities and surface dirt, and then dry them. Then, mix and crush them with elm leaves and mango peel residue to obtain a mixed fermentation raw material, wherein the mass ratio of soybeans, elm leaves and mango peel residue is (13-15): (3-5): 1; S1.3: Add the above-mentioned activated Bacillus subtilis, activated Lactobacillus plantarum and activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae to the above-mentioned mixed fermentation raw materials, and then add purified water until the water content reaches 40-50%, then stir thoroughly, transfer to a sealed fermentation container, and ferment at 30-36°C for 4-5 days, and then air-dry and grind to obtain soy milk powder.

3. The preparation process of a bio-fermented soybean milk powder organic fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: S2 includes the following steps: S2.1: Wash and slice fresh burdock roots, then soak them in a 0.5% ascorbic acid solution for 20-30 minutes. Crush and dry the burdock root powder. S2.2: Add the burdock root powder to 70% ethanol solution at a material-liquid ratio of 1 g: (20-30) mL, heat and reflux at 50-60°C for 1-2 h, then centrifuge and filter. Repeat the extraction 2-3 times, combine the filtrates, and then concentrate under reduced pressure and vacuum dry to obtain the burdock root extract.

4. The process for preparing a bio-fermented soybean milk powder organic fertilizer according to claim 3, wherein: S3 includes the following steps: S3.1: Wash and dry fresh Echinacea, crush and grind it, and then add it to a 60% ethanol solution at a material-liquid ratio of 1 g: (30-40) mL. Stir thoroughly to obtain an Echinacea dispersion. S3.2: Transfer the above-mentioned Echinacea dispersion to an ultrasonic extractor, perform ultrasonic extraction for 40-50 minutes, filter, repeat the extraction twice on the filter residue, combine the filtrates, and then perform reduced pressure concentration and vacuum drying to obtain the Echinacea extract.

5. The process for preparing a bio-fermented soybean milk powder organic fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: S4 specifically includes the following steps: S4.1: Crush the rapeseed meal and soak it in clean water for 10-12 hours, then remove it and drain it for later use to obtain pretreated rapeseed meal powder; S4.2: Clean, dry, and grind the animal bone material, and then steam at 120-130°C and 0.2-0.4 MPa for 30-40 minutes to obtain pretreated bone meal; S4.3: Place the pretreated rapeseed meal, pretreated bone meal, burdock root extract obtained in step S2.2, and Echinacea extract obtained in step S3.2 in a mixer and stir at 80-120 rpm for 20-30 minutes. Then, add 20-30% by weight of water and continue stirring for 10-20 minutes to obtain a mixture. S4.4: Spray the activated microbial composite agent evenly on the surface of the mixed material while stirring. Then transfer the mixed material to a ventilated fermentation tank and ferment at 25-30°C for 8-10 days, turning the compost every 2-3 days, and then age it for 10-12 days to obtain a mixed fermentation product. S4.5: Add the soy milk powder obtained in step S1.3 to the mixed fermentation product, stir and mix thoroughly, and then granulate and dry to obtain organic fertilizer.

6. The process for preparing a bio-fermented soybean milk powder organic fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass ratio of pretreated rapeseed meal, pretreated bone meal, burdock root extract and echinacea extract is (4-5):(2-3):(1-2):

1.

7. The process for preparing a bio-fermented soybean milk powder organic fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the activated microbial composite agent are as follows: Bacillus megaterium and Trichoderma harzianum are inoculated into LB liquid culture medium and PDA culture medium, respectively, and cultured at 35-37°C and 28-32°C for 12-24 hours, respectively, to activate and obtain activated Bacillus megaterium and activated Trichoderma harzianum, and then the activated Bacillus megaterium and activated Trichoderma harzianum are uniformly mixed with the activated Bacillus subtilis prepared in step S1.1 at a mass ratio of (1-3):1:(3-4) to obtain the activated microbial composite agent.

8. The process for preparing a bio-fermented soybean milk powder organic fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the activated microbial composite agent to the mixed material is 1: (20-26), and the mass ratio of the soy milk powder to the mixed fermentation product is (10-14):

1.

9. A bio-fermented soybean milk powder organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer is prepared by the process for preparing the bio-fermented soybean milk powder according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

Images