Cable laying vertical shaft

Abstract

The invention relates to a cable laying vertical shaft which comprises a working well body and a ventilation system which are located under the ground. The ventilation system comprises a natural air inlet shaft, a mechanical exhaust shaft, an air duct and an automatic gas quality monitoring device. The natural air inlet shaft is arranged on the working well body and locally located above the ground, a natural air inlet is formed in the well wall, above the ground, of the natural air inlet shaft, and the natural air inlet shaft communicates with the working well body; the mechanical exhaust shaft is arranged on the working well body and locally located above the ground, a mechanical exhaust outlet is formed in the well wall, above the ground, of the mechanical exhaust shaft, the air duct is arranged in the working well body and the mechanical exhaust shaft and communicates the bottom of the working well body with the mechanical exhaust shaft, and the automatic gas quality monitoring device is arranged at the bottom of the working well body. The ventilation device is suitable for a pipe jacking method laying project, the ventilation requirements of cable laying, personnel maintenance and the like are met, and effective replacement of gas at the bottom of the vertical shaft can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of cable civil engineering construction, and in particular to a cable laying shaft. Background Art

[0002] When existing cable channels need ventilation due to cable laying or personnel maintenance, natural exhaust or mechanical ventilation is often used. As an important part of the cable channel, the ventilation scheme of the cable channel shaft will be determined uniformly according to the requirements of the comprehensive interval, and natural air intake, mechanical exhaust, natural exhaust and other schemes are basically adopted. At present, the ventilation methods applicable to the pipe gallery and its shaft engineering are basically natural air intake and mechanical exhaust.

[0003] When the entire line is laid in a pipe or cable trench, the small-diameter jacking pipe is usually used to complete the laying of the channel in the section passing through the river, and then several protective pipes for laying power cables are laid in the pipe. At this time, the jacking work well becomes an isolated underground space. When the jacking pipe passes under the river, the covering soil needs to meet the requirement of 1.5 times the outer diameter of the pipe from the river, so the depth of the well needs to exceed 10m. At this time, the isolated well needs to consider the ventilation needs of personnel entry and exit and maintenance.

[0004] Existing ventilation solutions for cable channels are mainly aimed at long-distance tunnels or pipe gallery projects. However, for the above-mentioned deep working wells, there are problems such as incomplete air exchange in local areas of the well. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the invention is to provide a cable laying shaft with better ventilation effect and suitable for use in pipe jacking construction projects.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A cable laying shaft, comprising a shaft body and a ventilation system located below the ground; the shaft body is respectively connected with a shallow cable channel and a deep cable channel, and the cables in the shaft body are connected to the ports of the deep cable channel by the ports of the shallow cable channel; the ventilation system comprises a natural air intake shaft, a mechanical exhaust shaft, an air duct and an automatic gas quality monitoring device; the natural air intake shaft is arranged on the shaft body and is partially located above the ground, a natural air intake port is provided on the shaft wall above the ground of the natural air intake shaft, and the natural air intake shaft is connected with the shaft body; the mechanical exhaust shaft is arranged on the shaft body and is partially located above the ground, a mechanical exhaust port is provided on the shaft wall above the ground of the mechanical exhaust shaft, the air duct is arranged in the shaft body and the mechanical exhaust shaft and connects the bottom of the shaft body with the mechanical exhaust shaft, and the automatic gas quality monitoring device is arranged at the bottom of the shaft body.

[0007] The air duct includes an upper air duct and multiple lower air ducts, the upper air duct extends from the mechanical exhaust shaft to the top of the working shaft body, the lower air duct is arranged in the working shaft body, the upper port of the lower air duct is connected to the upper air duct, and the lower port of the lower air duct extends to the bottom of the working shaft body.

[0008] The lower air duct is a bent air duct.

[0009] The gas quality automatic monitoring device is arranged below the lower port of the lower air duct.

[0010] A wind pavilion partially located above the ground is arranged on the working shaft body, and a partition wall is arranged in the wind pavilion to separate the space in the wind pavilion to form the natural air intake shaft and the mechanical exhaust shaft.

[0011] The wind pavilion is also provided with a plurality of fireproof and anti-theft doors for personnel to enter and exit the natural air inlet shaft and the mechanical exhaust shaft.

[0012] The working well body is provided with a partition plate for longitudinally dividing the space.

[0013] The cable laying shaft also includes a first step extending from the natural air intake shaft to the partition plate in the working shaft body, and a second step extending from the partition plate to the bottom surface of the working shaft body.

[0014] The cable laying shaft also includes a drainage system, which includes a sump arranged at the bottom of the working shaft body, a submersible sewage pump arranged in the sump, and a drainage pipe connected to the outside of the working shaft body by the submersible sewage pump.

[0015] The cable laying shaft also includes a feeding port arranged on the working shaft body.

[0016] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: the present invention is applicable to pipe jacking laying projects, meets the ventilation needs of cable laying, personnel maintenance, etc., and can achieve effective replacement of gas at the bottom of the shaft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the cable laying shaft of the present invention.

[0018] Attached Figure 2 It is a schematic AA cross-sectional view of the cable laying shaft of the present invention.

[0019] Attached Figure 3 It is a BB cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cable laying shaft of the present invention.

[0020] Attached Figure 4It is a CC cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cable laying shaft of the present invention.

[0021] Attached Figure 5 It is a DD cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cable laying shaft of the present invention.

[0022] In the above figures: 1. Shallow cable channel; 2. Deep cable channel; 3. Work well body; 4. High-voltage power cable; 5. Bottom plate; 6. Top plate; 7. Well wall; 8. Interlayer board; 9. Natural air inlet well; 10. Mechanical exhaust well; 11. Air duct; 12. Automatic gas quality monitoring device; 13. Natural air inlet; 14. Mechanical exhaust outlet; 15. Upper air duct; 16. Lower air duct; 17. Wind pavilion; 18. Partition wall; 19. Fireproof and anti-theft door; 20. Spiral ladder; 21. Inclined ladder; 22. Platform board; 23. Sump; 24. Submersible sewage pump; 25. Drainage pipe; 26. Feeding port; 27. Mechanical exhaust fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Embodiment 1: For a cable project that is laid in shallow channels such as cable trenches or drainage pipes, but in areas such as river crossings, it is necessary to use the jacking method for laying. The depth of the deep shaft used for jacking construction exceeds 10m, and the channels on both sides of the shaft cannot be ventilated. In order to meet the ventilation needs of cable laying, personnel maintenance, etc. in the deep shaft, the following deep shaft solution is designed considering the effective replacement of gas at the bottom of the deep shaft: As attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 5 As shown, a cable laying shaft used in the pipe jacking method construction has two sides connected to the shallow cable channel 1 and the deep cable channel 2 respectively. The shallow cable channel 1 is a channel that does not require ventilation for pipe laying, cable trench or trenchless directional drilling construction, and the deep cable channel 2 is a small diameter pipe jacking pipe, in which a number of cable protection pipes are laid, and the protection pipes are filled with cement mortar and are not ventilated. The buried depth of the shallow cable channel 1 is shallower than that of the deep cable channel 2. The buried depth of the shallow cable channel 1 is generally not more than 2.0m, and the buried depth of the deep cable channel 2 is more than 5m.

[0025] The cable laying shaft connecting the shallow cable channel 1 and the deep cable channel 2 mainly includes a working shaft body 3 and a ventilation system, and may also include a drainage system, a personnel passage system, a feeding port 26, etc.

[0026] The main body 3 of the work well is located below the ground, and is connected to the shallow cable channel 1 and the deep cable channel 2 respectively. The high-voltage power cable 4 in the main body 3 is connected to the port of the deep cable channel 2 by laying at a large height difference from the port of the shallow cable channel 1. The cable climbing in the height difference well is achieved through the S-shaped bending shape. The main body 3 of the work well includes a bottom plate 5, a top plate 6 located above the fixed plate, and a well wall 7 longitudinally connected between the bottom plate 5 and the fixed plate. A partition plate 8 can also be set in the middle and upper part of the main body 3 of the work well, and the partition plate 8 is used to longitudinally divide the space in the main body 3 of the work well.

[0027] The ventilation system includes a natural air intake shaft 9, a mechanical exhaust shaft 10, an air duct 11 and an automatic gas quality monitoring device 12. The natural air intake shaft 9 is arranged on the main body of the working well 3, and at least part of it is located above the ground. A natural air intake port 13 is provided on the shaft wall 7 above the ground of the natural air intake shaft 9, and the natural air intake shaft 9 is connected to the main body of the working well 3. A shutter is provided at the natural air intake port 13. The mechanical exhaust shaft 10 is arranged on the main body of the working well 3, and at least part of it is located above the ground. A mechanical exhaust port 14 is provided on the shaft wall 7 above the ground of the mechanical exhaust shaft 10, and a mechanical exhaust fan 27 is provided at the mechanical exhaust port 14. The natural air intake port 13 and the mechanical exhaust port 14 are arranged at positions to prevent the airflow discharged from the mechanical exhaust port 14 from re-entering the well to form a gas self-circulation. The air duct 11 is arranged in the main body of the working well 3 and the mechanical exhaust shaft 10, and the air duct 11 connects the bottom of the main body of the working well 3 with the mechanical exhaust shaft 10. The air duct 11 includes an upper air duct 15 and multiple lower air ducts 16. The upper air duct 15 extends from the mechanical exhaust shaft 10 to the top of the working shaft body 3, and the lower port of the upper air duct 15 is set on the upper part of the working shaft body 3. The lower air ducts 16 are all set in the working shaft body 3, the upper port of the lower air duct 16 is connected to the line port of the upper air duct 15, and the lower port of the lower air duct 16 extends to the bottom of the working shaft body 3. Multiple exhaust points are dispersedly arranged at the lower part of the working shaft body 3, and each section of the lower air duct 16 is connected to these exhaust points respectively. The automatic gas quality monitoring device 12 is set at the bottom of the working shaft body 3.

[0028] In this embodiment, a wind pavilion 17 partially located above the ground is provided on the working shaft body 3, and a partition wall 18 is provided in the wind pavilion 17. The lower end of the partition wall 18 is connected to the partition board 8. The partition wall 18 is used to separate the space in the wind pavilion 17, thereby forming a natural air intake shaft 9 and a mechanical exhaust shaft 10. The natural air intake 13 and the mechanical exhaust 14 are arranged back to back to ensure the ventilation quality to the maximum extent. The wind pavilion 17 and the partition wall 18 are cast synchronously with reinforced concrete. The opening size of the natural air intake 13 is not less than 2.0m 2. An air hole with a size of 0.4m×0.6m is reserved at the top plate 6 of the working shaft body 3. The lower side of the air hole is made of a stainless steel plate with a thickness of not less than 3mm. The air hole is used to set up the air duct 11. The wind pavilion 17 is also provided with multiple fireproof and anti-theft doors 19 for personnel to enter and exit the natural air intake shaft 9 and the mechanical exhaust shaft 10. The air duct 11 includes an upper air duct 15 and two lower air ducts 16. The upper air duct 15 is generally arranged longitudinally, and the upper port is arranged in the mechanical exhaust shaft 10 and close to the mechanical exhaust port 14. The lower ports of the two lower air ducts 16 are roughly located at the two ends of the diagonal of the working shaft body 3. The lower air duct 16 is a bent air duct 11, which is in an inverted L shape, and includes a horizontal part and a longitudinal part. The horizontal part is connected to the upper air duct 15, and the longitudinal part is connected to the horizontal part and extends downward along the inner side of the well wall 7 (vertically or inclined) to the bottom of the working well body 3, and forms a certain distance between the bottom plate 5 of the working well body 3. After the air duct 11 passes through the top plate 6 as a whole, it branches and extends to a certain height range above the well bottom plate 5, such as above 0.6m, according to the spatial arrangement in the well, to avoid the adverse working condition that the lower part of the air outlet is submerged due to silting of the water level in the well, and the ventilation system cannot work normally. The material of the air duct 11 is selected from stainless steel or other suitable materials. The automatic gas quality monitoring device 12 is arranged below the lower port of the lower air duct 16.

[0029] The personnel passage system includes a first step extending from the natural air intake shaft 9 to the interlayer plate 8 in the working shaft body 3, and a second step extending from the interlayer plate 8 to the bottom surface of the working shaft body 3. The first step adopts a spiral staircase 20, and the second step adopts a multi-stage straight inclined staircase 21, and a platform plate 22 is arranged between the multi-stage inclined staircases 21. The use of the spiral staircase 20 above the interlayer plate 8 can facilitate the passage of maintenance personnel to the greatest extent, and under the interlayer plate 8, the layout of the stairs and cable laying is optimized, and a two-way inclined staircase 21 is used to achieve convenient passage of personnel.

[0030] When ventilation is needed, start the mechanical exhaust fan 27, which extracts the gas deposited in the well through the air duct 11 at the inlet at a certain height (≤1.0m) from the bottom plate 5 of the working well body 3. When the extracted air volume reaches the air pressure difference between the inside and outside of the well, the fresh air outside the well enters the well through the shutters of the natural air inlet well 9, and gradually passes down from the upper part of the well along the channel where the spiral staircase 20 is located; when the gas quality automatic monitoring device 12 shows that the gas quality in the well meets the needs of personnel activities, personnel can enter the well freely. When a ventilation system failure occurs, equipment maintenance personnel can enter the mechanical exhaust fan 27 through the fireproof and anti-theft door 19 at the mechanical exhaust well 10 on the ground, and the ventilation system can be restarted by repairing or replacing the fan, avoiding personnel safety issues after ventilation system accidents.

[0031] The drainage system includes a sump 23 disposed at the bottom of the working well body 3, a submersible sewage pump 24 disposed in the sump, and a drainage pipe 25 connected to the outside of the working well body 3 by the submersible sewage pump 24. The size of the sump 23 is not less than 1m×1m×1m. The drainage pipe 25 is disposed along the well wall 7 and is connected to the municipal rainwater pipe network using a pipe of DN50 or above.

[0032] The feeding port 26 is arranged on the working well body 3, and can be located on the side of the wind pavilion 17, generally located in the middle of the top plate 6, for delivering construction materials and laying cables in the well, and the net size of the opening is not less than 1.0m×1.0m.

[0033] Compared with the existing working wells, this scheme has the following beneficial effects: 1. A ventilation system with natural air intake and mechanical exhaust is used in a single deep shaft; the air intake pavilion 17 and the air outlet pavilion 17 are arranged together, and the ventilation quality is ensured by the partition wall 18 and the direction of air intake and outlet; 2. The mechanical exhaust fan 27 is used to add the air delivery channel in the well, so that the fan is arranged in the surface air outlet pavilion 17, but the actual air outlet is located at a certain height upward from the bottom of the working well, and the air inlet can be set at several places, which is convenient for location setting; 3. By setting a sump 23 and a submersible sewage pump 24 in the well, the water in the well is automatically discharged, avoiding the disadvantageous situation that the lower part of the mechanical exhaust port 14 is flooded by the water; 4. By setting up a well gas monitoring device close to the bottom of the well, the gas quality at the non-mechanical exhaust port 14 at the bottom of the well can be monitored to ensure the effectiveness of the exhaust system in regulating the gas in the well.

[0034] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable laying shaft, characterized in that: The cable laying shaft includes a working shaft body located below the ground and a ventilation system; the working shaft body is respectively connected with a shallow cable channel and a deep cable channel, and the cable in the working shaft body is connected to the port of the deep cable channel by the port of the shallow cable channel; the ventilation system includes a natural air intake shaft, a mechanical exhaust shaft, an air duct and an automatic gas quality monitoring device; the natural air intake shaft is arranged on the working shaft body and is partially located above the ground, and a natural air inlet is opened on the well wall above the ground of the natural air intake shaft, and the natural air intake shaft is connected with the working shaft body; the mechanical exhaust shaft is arranged on the working shaft body and is partially located above the ground, and a mechanical exhaust is opened on the well wall above the ground of the mechanical exhaust shaft, the air duct is arranged in the working shaft body and the mechanical exhaust shaft and connects the bottom of the working shaft body with the mechanical exhaust shaft, and the automatic gas quality monitoring device is arranged at the bottom of the working shaft body.

2. The cable laying shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air duct includes an upper air duct and multiple lower air ducts, the upper air duct extends from the mechanical exhaust shaft to the top of the working shaft body, the lower air duct is arranged in the working shaft body, the upper port of the lower air duct is connected to the upper air duct, and the lower port of the lower air duct extends to the bottom of the working shaft body.

3. The cable laying shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower air duct is a bent air duct.

4. The cable laying shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas quality automatic monitoring device is arranged below the lower port of the lower air duct.

5. The cable laying shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wind pavilion partially located above the ground is arranged on the working shaft body, and a partition wall is arranged in the wind pavilion to separate the space in the wind pavilion to form the natural air intake shaft and the mechanical exhaust shaft.

6. The cable laying shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind pavilion is also provided with a plurality of fireproof and anti-theft doors for personnel to enter and exit the natural air inlet shaft and the mechanical exhaust shaft.

7. The cable laying shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working well body is provided with a partition plate for longitudinally dividing the space.

8. The cable laying shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable laying shaft also includes a first step extending from the natural air intake shaft to the partition plate in the working shaft body, and a second step extending from the partition plate to the bottom surface of the working shaft body.

9. The cable laying shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable laying shaft also includes a drainage system, which includes a sump arranged at the bottom of the working shaft body, a submersible sewage pump arranged in the sump, and a drainage pipe connected to the outside of the working shaft body by the submersible sewage pump.

10. The cable laying shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable laying shaft also includes a feeding port arranged on the working shaft body.

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