Rapid detection device for elemental components of coal dust

Abstract

The invention provides a device for rapidly detecting elemental components of coal dust. The rapid detection device comprises a shell, a coal dust ashing mechanism, a dust component detection mechanism and a coal dust transportation mechanism. The shell is provided with a first cavity and a second cavity; the coal dust ashing mechanism is positioned in the first cavity; the dust component detection mechanism is located in the second cavity; the coal dust conveying mechanism is provided with a dust collecting polar plate for bearing coal dust to be tested, the coal dust conveying mechanism is located at an initial position in the first cavity, and the coal dust conveying mechanism is provided with a detection position which moves to the second cavity relative to the shell; when the coal dust conveying mechanism is located at the initial position, the coal dust ashing mechanism and the dust collecting polar plate are oppositely arranged, and when the coal dust conveying mechanism is located at the detection position, the coal dust conveying mechanism and the dust collecting polar plate are oppositely arranged. According to the scheme, the problem that the elemental components of the coal dust cannot be rapidly detected in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of detection devices, and in particular to a device for rapid detection of coal dust element components. Background Art

[0002] Coal dust is a particulate product produced during the coal production process. From mine development, tunnel support, coal production to coal transportation, a large amount of coal dust is produced. Coal dust is an important component of respirable particulate matter. Long-term exposure of workers to high-concentration dust environments will cause respiratory diseases such as pneumoconiosis. The complexity of the mechanism of respiratory diseases such as pneumoconiosis is due to the complexity of dust composition. The composition of coal dust in different workplaces is different, and its impact on health depends on the toxicity of dust and the level of exposure to the body during the production process. Some metals and metalloid elements in the dust of industrial and mining workplaces have special pathogenic effects on the human body. Therefore, analyzing the elemental composition and content in coal dust is of great significance for exploring the formation mechanism of occupational lung diseases. In order to protect the life and health of workers, the elemental composition of coal dust must be tested.

[0003] In the prior art, existing detection methods require the collection of coal dust first, and then the use of chemical analysis, atomic absorption spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, etc. to determine the elemental composition in the coal dust. However, it is impossible to directly detect the coal dust composition in the same device, and these detection methods have the problems of being time-consuming, high operating costs, and easily affected test results, and are unable to achieve rapid detection of coal dust elemental composition.

[0004] There is no effective solution to the above problems yet. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for quickly detecting the elemental composition of coal dust, so as to solve the problem that the elemental composition of coal dust cannot be quickly detected in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for rapid detection of elemental composition of coal dust, comprising: a shell, the shell having a first cavity and a second cavity; a coal dust ashing mechanism, the coal dust ashing mechanism being located in the first cavity; a dust component detection mechanism, the dust component detection mechanism being located in the second cavity; a coal dust transport mechanism, the coal dust transport mechanism having a dust collecting plate for carrying the coal dust to be tested, the coal dust transport mechanism having an initial position located in the first cavity, and the coal dust transport mechanism having a detection position moving relative to the shell to the second cavity; wherein, when the coal dust transport mechanism is located in the initial position, the coal dust ashing mechanism is arranged opposite to the dust collecting plate, and when the coal dust transport mechanism is located in the detection position, the dust component detection mechanism is arranged opposite to the dust collecting plate.

[0007] Furthermore, a partition mechanism is provided in the shell, and the partition mechanism divides the interior of the shell into a first cavity and a second cavity. The partition mechanism includes a partition body and a cavity door. The cavity door has a storage position for being stored in the partition body, and the cavity door has a working position for moving relative to the partition body to separate the first cavity from the second cavity. When the cavity door is located at the storage position, a channel for the coal dust transport mechanism to pass through is formed between the partition body and the shell.

[0008] Furthermore, an air intake duct communicating with the first cavity is arranged on a side wall of the first cavity away from the second cavity, and the coal dust element composition rapid detection device further includes a coal dust suction mechanism, which includes:

[0009] The air outlet pipe is arranged on the side wall of the shell and is communicated with the first cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, the coal dust suction mechanism also includes:

[0011] An air pump is arranged at the air outlet pipe and is used to drive the air flow through the air inlet pipe to flow to the air outlet pipe;

[0012] The filter has one end connected to the air outlet pipe and the other end connected to the atmosphere.

[0013] Furthermore, the coal dust element composition rapid detection device also includes a coal dust collection mechanism, which is arranged in the first cavity, and the coal dust collection mechanism includes: a control body, which includes a power supply and a controller;

[0014] A cathode line, the cathode line is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, the cathode line is electrically connected to the controller, and the height of the cathode line is flush with the height of the top of the air intake duct;

[0015] The dust collecting plate is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, and the dust collecting plate is electrically connected to the controller. When the dust collecting plate is in the initial position, the dust collecting plate is arranged opposite to the cathode line, and a dust collecting channel is formed between the dust collecting plate and the cathode line.

[0016] The controller is used to control the power supply and cathode line power supply status, the power supply and dust collecting plate power supply status, so that the coal dust in the airflow passing through the dust collecting channel is adsorbed on the dust collecting plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the device for rapid detection of coal dust elemental composition also includes a laser source, which is electrically connected to a power supply, electrically connected to a controller, and arranged opposite to a dust collecting electrode plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the coal dust transport mechanism includes: a guide rail, which is extended along the length direction of the shell, part of the guide rail is located in the first cavity, and the other part of the guide rail is located in the second cavity, and the dust collecting plate is installed on the guide rail.

[0019] Furthermore, the dust composition detection mechanism includes an XRF probe and a portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. When the coal dust transport mechanism is located at the detection position, the XRF probe is arranged opposite to the dust collecting plate, the XRF probe is electrically connected to the portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, and the portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer is connected to the shell.

[0020] Furthermore, the dust composition detection mechanism also includes a host computer, which communicates with the portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer.

[0021] Furthermore, the width of the dust collecting channel is the same as the width of the air intake duct.

[0022] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, when the coal dust transport mechanism is in the initial position, the coal dust is collected by the dust collecting plate and the coal dust sample is ashed by the coal dust ashing mechanism. When the coal dust transport mechanism moves to the detection position, the coal ash composition is analyzed by the dust composition detection mechanism, and the coal dust transport mechanism is switched between the initial position and the detection position to realize efficient transmission of the coal dust sample. This design effectively integrates the ashing and detection processes, simplifies the operation process, improves the detection accuracy and efficiency, realizes the rapid and accurate detection of the coal dust element composition, and solves the problem that the coal dust element composition cannot be quickly detected in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a device for rapid detection of elemental composition in coal dust according to the present invention is shown.

[0025] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0026] 1. Air intake pipe; 2. Control body; 3. Laser source base; 4. Laser source; 5. Cathode line;

[0027] 6. Dust collecting plate; 7. Guide rail; 8. Slider; 9. Filter; 10. Air outlet pipe;

[0028] 11. Air pump; 12. Chamber door; 13. XRF probe; 14. Portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer;

[0029] 15. First cavity; 16. Second cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, for example. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0033] Now, exemplary embodiments according to the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments may be implemented in a variety of different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present application thorough and complete, and to fully convey the concepts of these exemplary embodiments to those of ordinary skill in the art. In the accompanying drawings, for the sake of clarity, the thickness of the layers and regions may be enlarged, and the same reference numerals are used to represent the same devices, and thus their descriptions will be omitted.

[0034] Combination Figure 1 As shown, according to a specific embodiment of the present application, a device for rapid detection of elemental composition of coal dust is provided.

[0035] Specifically, the rapid detection device includes: a shell, a coal dust ashing mechanism, a dust component detection mechanism and a coal dust transport mechanism. The shell has a first cavity 15 and a second cavity 16; the coal dust ashing mechanism is located in the first cavity 15; the dust component detection mechanism is located in the second cavity 16; the coal dust transport mechanism has a dust collecting plate 6 carrying the coal dust to be tested, the coal dust transport mechanism has an initial position located in the first cavity 15, and the coal dust transport mechanism has a detection position that moves relative to the shell to the second cavity 16; wherein, when the coal dust transport mechanism is located in the initial position, the coal dust ashing mechanism is arranged opposite to the dust collecting plate 6, and when the coal dust transport mechanism is located in the detection position, the dust component detection mechanism is arranged opposite to the dust collecting plate 6.

[0036] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, when the coal dust transport mechanism is in the initial position, the coal dust is collected by the dust collecting plate 6 and the coal dust sample is ashed by the coal dust ashing mechanism. When the coal dust transport mechanism moves to the detection position, the coal ash composition is analyzed by the dust composition detection mechanism, and the coal dust transport mechanism is switched between the initial position and the detection position to realize efficient transmission of the coal dust sample. This design effectively integrates the ashing and detection processes, simplifies the operation process, improves the detection accuracy and efficiency, realizes the rapid and accurate detection of the coal dust element composition, and solves the problem that the coal dust element composition cannot be quickly detected in the prior art.

[0037] Specifically, a partition mechanism is provided in the shell, and the partition mechanism divides the inside of the shell into a first cavity 15 and a second cavity 16. The partition mechanism includes a partition body and a cavity door 12. The cavity door 12 has a storage position stored in the partition body, and the cavity door 12 has a working position that moves relative to the partition body to separate the first cavity 15 and the second cavity 16. The partition mechanism can realize the independent and connected control of the first cavity 15 and the second cavity 16, ensure the efficiency and safety of the detection process, and improve the convenience of operation and detection efficiency. When the cavity door 12 is in the storage position, a channel for the coal dust transport mechanism to pass through is formed between the partition body and the shell.

[0038] The partition body is a fixed frame inside the shell. The partition body is arranged inside the shell along a first direction. The partition body is close to the top surface of the shell. The first direction is the height direction of the shell. The partition body is mainly used to receive and guide the movement of the cavity door 12, maintain the partition state of the cavity, and provide support and guidance for the opening and closing of the cavity door 12.

[0039] The chamber door 12 is designed as a movable structure, and the movement of the chamber door 12 is driven by an electric slide rail. When the chamber door 12 is in the storage position, the chamber door 12 is completely stored inside the partition body, and the first cavity 15 is connected to the second cavity 16, which is convenient for the movement of the coal dust transport mechanism; when the chamber door 12 moves to the working position, it physically separates the first cavity 15 and the second cavity 16, effectively preventing the dust or gas in the first cavity 15 from entering the second cavity 16 during the detection process, affecting the accuracy of the detection. By switching the chamber door 12 between the storage position and the working position, combined with the automatic transmission of the coal dust transport mechanism, this design effectively prevents ashing and cross contamination during the detection process, improves the accuracy and reliability of the detection, and is particularly suitable for use in dusty environments, ensuring the cleanliness of the second cavity 16 and the stable operation of the dust component detection mechanism.

[0040] Specifically, an air intake pipe 1 connected to the first cavity 15 is arranged on the side wall of the first cavity 15 away from the second cavity 16, and the coal dust elemental composition rapid detection device also includes a coal dust suction mechanism, which includes: an air outlet pipe 10, which is arranged on the side wall of the shell, and the air outlet pipe 10 is connected to the first cavity 15. Combined with the air intake pipe 1 and the air outlet pipe 10, the coal dust elemental composition rapid detection device realizes the accurate collection of coal dust samples and the effective control and purification of airflow, provides a basic guarantee for the subsequent elemental composition analysis, and ensures the efficiency and accuracy of the entire detection process.

[0041] The air inlet pipe 1 is arranged on the side wall of the first cavity 15 away from the second cavity 16, and its function is to introduce air containing coal dust in the environment to be detected to provide a sample source for detection.

[0042] The air outlet pipe 10 is located on the side wall of the shell and is connected to the first cavity 15. Its main function is to remove excess airflow and processed ashing gas in the first cavity 15, maintain the airflow circulation and cleanliness inside the first cavity 15, and prevent the byproducts or gases produced by ashing from contaminating the second cavity 16 and affecting subsequent detection results.

[0043] The design of the air inlet duct 1 needs to consider the stability of the airflow and the uniformity of the coal dust to ensure that the collected samples are representative and to avoid excessive diffusion or deposition of coal dust due to excessive wind speed. The air inlet duct 1 focuses on sample collection, while the air outlet duct 10 focuses on the control and purification of the airflow. Therefore, the size of the air inlet duct 1 is much larger than that of the air outlet duct 10 to ensure that enough test samples enter the first cavity 15.

[0044] Furthermore, the coal dust suction mechanism also includes: an air pump 11 and a filter 9. The air pump 11 is arranged at the outlet pipe 10, and is used to drive the air flow through the inlet pipe 1 to flow to the outlet pipe 10; one end of the filter 9 is connected to the outlet pipe 10, and the other end of the filter 9 is connected to the atmosphere. The combined use of the air pump 11 and the filter 9 not only improves the collection efficiency of coal dust, but also ensures the cleanliness of the exhaust gas and avoids secondary pollution.

[0045] The air pump 11 is located at the outlet of the air outlet pipe 10, and the filter 9 is arranged below the air pump. The filter is connected between the outlet of the air outlet pipe 10 and the atmosphere. Its function is to filter out the particles and other pollutants generated in the ashing process when exhausting the gas in the first cavity 15, and prevent them from being discharged into the atmosphere, while also protecting the external environment of the detection device from pollution. In order to ensure the filtering effect of the filter 9, the filter element needs to be replaced regularly to maintain the long-term stable operation of the detection device.

[0046] When the air pump 11 is started, the impeller inside it rotates at high speed, and the air or gas in the first cavity 15 connected to the air pump is pumped out, thereby forming a relatively low pressure area (negative pressure area) at the outlet of the air outlet pipe 10. Since the ambient pressure is greater than the pressure in the first cavity 15, the air or gas containing coal dust will be sucked into the first cavity 15 through the air inlet pipe 1, and then go through the coal dust ashing process in the first cavity 15. The gas will carry the particles and other by-products produced by the ashing, and then be discharged through the air pump 11 through the air outlet pipe 10. The continuous operation of the air pump 11 helps to maintain the air pressure balance in the first cavity 15, and avoid the collection of coal dust and the subsequent detection process being affected by poor airflow or excessive air pressure.

[0047] Furthermore, the rapid detection device for elemental composition of coal dust also includes a coal dust collection mechanism, which is arranged in the first cavity 15, and includes: a control body 2, a cathode line 5 and a dust collecting electrode plate 6. The control body 2 includes a power supply and a controller; the cathode line 5 is electrically connected to the negative pole of the power supply, the cathode line 5 is electrically connected to the controller, and the height of the cathode line 5 is flush with the height of the top of the air intake duct 1; the dust collecting electrode plate 6 is electrically connected to the positive pole of the power supply, the dust collecting electrode plate 6 is electrically connected to the controller, and when the dust collecting electrode plate 6 is in the initial position, the dust collecting electrode plate 6 is arranged opposite to the cathode line 5, and a dust collecting channel is formed between the dust collecting electrode plate 6 and the cathode line 5; wherein the controller is used to control the power-on state of the power supply and the cathode line 5, and the power-on state of the power supply and the dust collecting electrode plate 6, so that the coal dust in the airflow passing through the dust collecting channel is adsorbed on the dust collecting electrode plate 6. By precisely controlling the formation and disappearance of the electric field through the control body 2, combined with the electrostatic adsorption effect of the cathode wire 5 and the dust collecting plate 6, the coal dust collection mechanism provides an efficient sample collection method for this rapid detection device, reducing the suspension time of coal dust in the air and reducing the health risks to operators.

[0048] The control body 2 is the brain of the entire coal dust collection mechanism. The control body 2 is fixed on the side wall of the shell and includes a power supply and a controller. The power supply is used to supply power to the cathode line 5 and the dust collecting plate 6 to create an electric field; the controller is responsible for accurately regulating the on and off state of the power supply and the voltage between the cathode line 5 and the dust collecting plate 6 to ensure the high efficiency and stability of the electrostatic adsorption process.

[0049] The cathode wire 5 is electrically connected to the negative pole of the power supply. When the controller starts the power supply to supply power to the cathode wire 5, a corona discharge area is formed around the cathode wire 5. The air molecules in this area will be ionized to generate a large number of free electrons. These free electrons will move toward the dust collecting plate 6 and collide with the coal dust particles in the air, making the coal dust particles charged. The dust collecting plate 6 is electrically connected to the positive pole of the power supply. When an electric field is formed between the cathode wire 5 and the dust collecting plate 6, the charged coal dust particles are affected by the electric field force, adsorbed and deposited on the dust collecting plate 6. The initial position of the dust collecting plate 6 is set relative to the cathode wire 5 to ensure that the best dust collection channel is formed between the two, so that the coal dust particles can be efficiently captured and collected.

[0050] The cathode line 5 is arranged at a height flush with the top of the air intake duct 1, which can ensure that the coal dust particles in the airflow entering the first cavity 15 enter the range of the electric field from the first time entering the cavity. This design can maximize the use of the electric field to capture and charge the coal dust particles, thereby improving the collection efficiency of the coal dust.

[0051] Furthermore, the coal dust element composition rapid detection device also includes a laser source 4, which is electrically connected to a power supply, which is electrically connected to a controller, and which is arranged opposite to a dust collecting plate 6. The power supply provides the necessary electrical energy for the laser source 4, so that it can generate laser light, and the laser light is focused on the coal dust sample on the dust collecting plate 6. The high-energy laser light causes the sample to heat up rapidly, causing the organic matter and water in the coal dust to evaporate, leaving ash, thereby realizing rapid ashing of the coal dust sample, reducing the processing time before detection, and improving the portability and accuracy of detection.

[0052] In this embodiment, the laser source 4 is a cylindrical structure with a light outlet facing downward, covering a wavelength range of 200-500nm and an output power range of 2-10w. The laser source 4 is fixed on the laser source base 3. The laser source 4 and the laser source base 3 are located directly above the cathode line 5 and the dust collecting plate 6 to ensure that the laser can directly irradiate the coal dust sample on the dust collecting plate 6. The laser source base 3 not only provides a stable fixing point, but also can adjust the height and angle of the laser source 4 by controlling the main body 2 to ensure that the laser is accurately focused on the sample.

[0053] Specifically, the coal dust transport mechanism includes: a guide rail 7, the guide rail 7 is extended along the length direction of the shell, part of the guide rail 7 is located in the first cavity 15, and the other part of the guide rail 7 is located in the second cavity 16, and the dust collecting electrode plate 6 is installed on the guide rail 7. The coal dust transport mechanism provides an automated, efficient and safe sample transmission solution for the coal dust component rapid detection device through the coordinated use of the guide rail 7 and the dust collecting electrode plate 6, and safely and quickly transmits the collected coal dust samples from the first cavity 15 to the second cavity 16, ensuring that the samples will not be contaminated or lost during the transmission process.

[0054] In this embodiment, the guide rail 7 is configured as an electric slide rail, which is extended along the length direction of the shell, that is, from the first cavity 15 to the second cavity 16, and the guide rail 7 is arranged on the side wall of the shell away from the gas outlet duct 10. The guide rail 7 is driven by a motor and can accurately and smoothly move the dust collecting plate 6. The guide rail 7 is designed as two parts, one part is located in the first cavity 15, and the other part is located in the second cavity 16. The two parts are connected or isolated by opening and closing the cavity door 12 to adapt to the collection, processing and analysis process of coal dust samples.

[0055] The dust collecting plate 6 is mounted on the slider 8 of the guide rail 7, and can move back and forth along the guide rail 7 in the length direction of the shell under the drive of the motor to realize the sample transmission from the first cavity 15 to the second cavity 16. The dust collecting plate 6 is arranged opposite to the cathode line 5 in the initial position to collect charged coal dust particles. After the collection is completed, the laser source 4 performs laser ashing, and then the dust collecting plate 6 is driven by the guide rail 7 through the cavity door 12 to the second cavity 16 for elemental composition analysis, which improves the continuity and efficiency of the detection process.

[0056] Specifically, the dust component detection mechanism includes an XRF probe 13 and a portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer 14. When the coal dust transport mechanism is located at the detection position, the XRF probe 13 is arranged opposite to the dust collecting electrode plate 6, the XRF probe 13 is electrically connected to the portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer 14, and the portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer 14 is connected to the housing. The combination of the XRF probe 13 and the portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer 14 can realize rapid and accurate detection of the elemental components of coal dust, is suitable for on-site detection and mobile detection, and improves the flexibility and convenience of detection.

[0057] The XRF probe 13 is a part of the portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer 14, which includes an X-ray source and a receiver. The source can generate X-rays of a specific energy, and the receiver is responsible for capturing the fluorescent X-rays generated by the sample after being excited by the X-rays. By emitting and receiving X-rays, it can non-destructively analyze the type and content of elements in the residue after coal dust ashing, and provide data for subsequent elemental composition analysis.

[0058] The portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer 14 also includes a data processing and storage unit, and is usually equipped with a user interface, such as a display screen and a control panel, to display the test results and perform control. The electrical signal captured by the XRF probe 13 is transmitted to the data processing unit of the portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer 14, which analyzes the type and content of the elements in the sample by comparing it with the pre-stored element characteristic X-ray database. The control panel and the display screen are used to operate the instrument and display the test results.

[0059] Furthermore, the dust component detection mechanism further includes a host computer, which communicates with the portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer 14. The communication connection between the host computer and the portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer 14 ensures real-time processing and efficient management of detection data.

[0060] In this embodiment, the host computer can be a computer, and the host computer is equipped with the necessary data interface for receiving data transmission from the portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer 14 to ensure accurate reception and transmission of data. After receiving these data, the data processing software of the host computer will compare them with the standard element spectrum information stored in the database, and identify the element composition and content in the sample through the data analysis algorithm. Subsequently, the host computer software will generate a test report and store it on the hard disk of the host computer or on a cloud server for subsequent analysis or printing.

[0061] Specifically, the width of the dust collecting channel is the same as the width of the air intake duct 1. That is, the height of the cathode wire 5 is flush with the height of the top of the air intake duct 1, and the height of the dust collecting electrode plate 6 is flush with the height of the bottom of the air intake duct 1. This design allows all airflows entering through the air intake duct 1 to directly enter the dust collecting channel and be affected by the electric field, reducing the possibility of coal dust escaping and helping to maintain the uniformity of the airflow. Designing the dust collecting channel and the air intake duct 1 to have the same width also helps to optimize the utilization of electric field energy, ensuring that the electric field between the cathode wire 5 and the dust collecting electrode plate 6 can fully cover all airflows entering the first cavity 15, avoiding energy waste, and improving the energy efficiency of the entire detection device.

[0062] The specific implementation steps of the above-mentioned coal dust element composition rapid detection device are as follows:

[0063] Step 1: Place the detection device in the environment to be tested, connect the cathode line 5 to the negative pole of the power supply, connect the dust collecting electrode plate 6 to the positive pole of the power supply, start the power supply, generate an electric field between the cathode line 5 and the dust collecting electrode plate 6, and ionize the air;

[0064] Step 2: Under the control of the control body 2, the air pump 11 is turned on, and the airflow in the test environment enters the first cavity 15 through the air inlet pipe 1. The coal dust in the airflow is charged when passing through the electric field, and the charged coal dust is collected on the dust collecting plate 6 under the action of the electric field force;

[0065] Step 3: After a certain amount of coal dust is deposited after a certain period of time, the cathode line 5 and the dust collecting plate 6 are powered off under the control of the control body 2, the air pump 11 is turned off, and the electric field disappears;

[0066] Step 4: Adjust the position and angle of the laser source 4, turn on the laser source power, focus the laser source 4 on the coal dust sample to be tested, and the laser emits a certain amount of energy to quickly ashed the coal dust sample on the dust collecting plate 6;

[0067] Step 5: After the coal dust sample is ashed, the chamber door 12 is opened, the guide rail 7 is started, and the slider 8 of the guide rail 7 drives the dust collecting plate 6 to move rightward to deliver the sample to the second chamber 16;

[0068] Step 6: When analyzing the elemental composition of coal dust, the characteristic X-rays excited when X-rays bombard the dust sample are received by the XRF probe 13 and transmitted to the portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer 14. The software system of the instrument converts it into corresponding signals and compares it with the element information in the database to obtain the elemental composition information of the coal dust sample. The results can be further transmitted to the host computer for display and storage;

[0069] Step 7: After the elemental composition analysis is completed, the slider 8 of the guide rail 7 drives the dust collecting plate 6 to return to the first cavity 15, the cavity door 12 is closed, the air pump 11 is turned on, and the airflow takes away the coal dust on the dust collecting plate 6 and is discharged after passing through the filter 9, completing a detection cycle.

[0070] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

[0071] 1. The guide rail is used to switch the coal dust transport mechanism between the initial position and the detection position to achieve efficient transmission of coal dust samples. This device combines laser rapid ashing with XRF instant analysis, effectively integrates the ashing and detection processes, simplifies the operation process, improves the detection accuracy and efficiency, and achieves rapid and accurate detection of coal dust elemental components, solving the problem that the existing technology cannot quickly detect coal dust elemental components.

[0072] 2. The first cavity and the second cavity are connected or isolated by opening and closing the cavity door, effectively isolating the coal dust to be tested from the dust component detection mechanism, avoiding pollution or damage to the dust component detection mechanism during ashing and collection of coal dust, and ensuring the stability and detection accuracy of the dust component detection mechanism.

[0073] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0074] In addition to the above, it should be noted that "one embodiment", "another embodiment", "embodiment", etc. mentioned in this specification refer to the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment included in at least one embodiment generally described in this application. The same expression appearing in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Further, when describing a specific feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with any embodiment, it is claimed that the realization of such feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments also falls within the scope of the present invention.

[0075] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for rapid detection of coal dust element composition, characterized in that: include: A housing having a first cavity (15) and a second cavity (16); A coal dust ashing mechanism, the coal dust ashing mechanism being located in the first cavity (15); A dust component detection mechanism, wherein the dust component detection mechanism is located in the second cavity (16); A coal dust transport mechanism, the coal dust transport mechanism having a dust collecting plate (6) for carrying the coal dust to be tested, the coal dust transport mechanism having an initial position located in the first cavity (15), and the coal dust transport mechanism having a detection position moving relative to the shell to the second cavity (16); Wherein, when the coal dust transport mechanism is located at the initial position, the coal dust ashing mechanism is arranged opposite to the dust collecting electrode plate (6); when the coal dust transport mechanism is located at the detection position, the dust component detection mechanism is arranged opposite to the dust collecting electrode plate (6).

2. The device for rapid detection of coal dust element composition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A partition mechanism is arranged in the shell, and the partition mechanism divides the interior of the shell into the first cavity (15) and the second cavity (16). The partition mechanism comprises a partition body and a cavity door (12). The cavity door (12) has a storage position for being stored in the partition body, and the cavity door (12) has a working position for moving relative to the partition body to separate the first cavity (15) and the second cavity (16). When the cavity door (12) is located at the storage position, a passage for the coal dust transport mechanism to pass through is formed between the partition body and the shell.

3. The device for rapid detection of coal dust element composition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An air intake duct (1) communicating with the first cavity (15) is arranged on a side wall of the first cavity (15) away from the second cavity (16). The coal dust element composition rapid detection device further comprises a coal dust suction mechanism, and the coal dust suction mechanism comprises: An air outlet pipe (10), wherein the air outlet pipe (10) is arranged on a side wall of the shell, and the air outlet pipe (10) is in communication with the first cavity (15).

4. The device for rapid detection of coal dust element composition according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The coal dust suction mechanism also includes: An air pump (11), the air pump (11) being arranged at the air outlet pipe (10), the air pump (11) being used to drive the air flow through the air inlet pipe (1) to flow to the air outlet pipe (10); A filter (9), one end of the filter (9) is connected to the air outlet pipe (10), and the other end of the filter (9) is connected to the atmosphere.

5. The device for rapid detection of coal dust element composition according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The coal dust element composition rapid detection device further comprises a coal dust collection mechanism, which is arranged in the first cavity (15), and comprises: A control body (2), the control body (2) comprising a power supply and a controller; a cathode line (5), the cathode line (5) being electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power source, the cathode line (5) being electrically connected to the controller, and the height of the cathode line (5) being flush with the height of the top of the air intake duct (1); The dust collecting electrode plate (6) is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, and the dust collecting electrode plate (6) is electrically connected to the controller. When the dust collecting electrode plate (6) is located at the initial position, the dust collecting electrode plate (6) is arranged opposite to the cathode line (5), and a dust collecting channel is formed between the dust collecting electrode plate (6) and the cathode line (5); The controller is used to control the power-on state of the power supply and the cathode line (5), and the power-on state of the power supply and the dust collecting electrode plate (6), so that the coal dust in the airflow passing through the dust collecting channel is adsorbed on the dust collecting electrode plate (6).

6. The device for rapid detection of coal dust element composition according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The coal dust element composition rapid detection device further comprises a laser source (4), the laser source (4) is electrically connected to the power supply, the laser source (4) is electrically connected to the controller, and the laser source (4) is arranged opposite to the dust collecting electrode plate (6).

7. The device for rapid detection of coal dust element composition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The coal dust transport mechanism comprises: a guide rail (7), wherein the guide rail (7) is extended along the length direction of the shell, a part of the guide rail (7) is located in the first cavity (15), and another part of the guide rail (7) is located in the second cavity (16), and the dust collecting electrode plate (6) is installed on the guide rail (7).

8. The device for rapid detection of coal dust element composition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The dust component detection mechanism comprises an XRF probe (13) and a portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (14); when the coal dust transport mechanism is located at the detection position, the XRF probe (13) is arranged opposite to the dust collecting electrode plate (6); the XRF probe (13) is electrically connected to the portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (14); and the portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (14) is connected to the housing.

9. The device for rapid detection of coal dust element composition according to claim 8, characterized in that: The dust component detection mechanism also includes a host computer, which communicates with the portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (14).

10. The device for rapid detection of coal dust element composition according to claim 5, characterized in that: The width of the dust collection channel is the same as the width of the air intake duct (1).

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