True three-dimensional landslide model test device and method under multi-factor coupling effect

Abstract

The invention provides a true three-dimensional landslide model test device under a multi-factor coupling effect, the true three-dimensional landslide model test device comprises an assembly type model box and a support arranged on the outer side of the assembly type model box, a mechanical lifting system is arranged at the bottom of the assembly type model box, and the left side of the assembly type model box is connected with a flow velocity and water temperature control system through a pipeline; a rainfall and temperature control system is arranged on the support, a stress simulation system is arranged on the side edge of the assembly type model box, a deformation monitoring system is further arranged in the assembly type model box, and a true three-dimensional model arrangement system is arranged on the side edge of the assembly type model box. The rainfall system can effectively overcome the application limitation that accurate control cannot be achieved, the rainfall intensity, range, position and duration can be adjusted in real time, and simulation of various rainfall working conditions is achieved; by controlling the precipitation amount, the influence of the rainfall effect on the stability of the reservoir bank slope at different water levels can be studied.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of landslide disaster test of bank slope engineering, and particularly relates to a true three-dimensional landslide model test device and method under the coupling effect of multiple factors. Background Art

[0002] In the Three Gorges Reservoir area, the deformation and displacement of the old sliding body on the slope of the reservoir bank is very prominent, which has caused a series of geological disasters. The causes of the disaster are summarized as rainfall, the rise and fall of the water level of the reservoir, and the changes in the internal stress of the slope. Especially when the water level drops, the pores inside the slope are filled, resulting in an increase in the excess pore water pressure of the soil, and the negative pore water pressure difference is formed after the water pressure outside the slope drops, resulting in a decrease in the effective stress and anti-sliding force on the potential sliding surface. The strength of the soil will also decrease accordingly under immersion, which may induce slope sliding disasters. The continuous excavation of the slope will cause the cracks in the soil to continue to expand and penetrate. The specific mechanism of action is: as the normal stress on the surface of the excavated rock mass is unloaded to 0, the unloading will cause the rock mass to produce differential rebound deformation, which will cause the slope to produce tensile stress T in the direction of the excavation surface. At the same time, the slope is laterally subjected to the thrust stress T2 from the adjacent slope, and the slope is in a state of multi-directional force, thus generating transverse tensile cracks.

[0003] The fundamental task of studying the instability of landslides on the shore of a reservoir under the combined action of multiple factors is to understand the slope failure mechanism under the action of rainfall, changes in reservoir water levels, and internal stress. Indoor model tests have the advantages of controllable boundary conditions, strong repeatability, and easy observation and recording. However, the sizes of indoor models selected under different test conditions are completely different, and repeated production of model boxes is costly, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. At present, there is no simple, practical, easy-to-assemble, reusable test device that takes into account the coupled effects of multiple influencing factors in the reservoir environment, and there is also a lack of a method for establishing a true three-dimensional slope model.

[0004] At present, the three side walls of the model box of similar experiments are steel plates, which are heavy and difficult to move. During the long-term use of the slope model, the steel plate side walls are prone to rust, are not durable, and affect the accuracy of observation.

[0005] In order to change the slope, the current landslide simulation test mostly uses a rack jack to lift the model from the top of the model box through a lever and a gear. Although this structure can lift a large weight, it requires a large operating space and is not suitable for indoor model tests.

[0006] Therefore, it is urgent to propose a true three-dimensional landslide model test device and method under the coupling of multiple factors to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention proposes a true three-dimensional landslide model test device under the action of multi-factor coupling, comprising an assembled model box and a bracket arranged on the outside thereof, a mechanical lifting system is provided at the bottom of the assembled model box, the left side of the assembled model box is connected to a flow velocity and water temperature control system through a pipeline, a rainfall and temperature control system is arranged on the bracket, a stress simulation system is provided on the side of the assembled model box, a deformation monitoring system is also provided in the assembled model box, and a true three-dimensional model layout system is provided on the side of the assembled model box.

[0008] Preferably, the assembled model box is a trapezoidal box structure, the front side panel, the left side panel and the right side panel of the assembled model box are tempered high-strength glass panels, the rear side panel and the bottom panel are high-strength steel panels, a drain outlet is provided at the lower portion of the front side panel, a water inlet is provided at the lower portion of the left side panel, and a transverse side panel that can move laterally is provided inside the assembled model box.

[0009] Preferably, the mechanical lifting system includes an intelligent control hydraulic top and a base, the intelligent control hydraulic top is arranged on the rear side of the upper surface of the base, the top of the intelligent control hydraulic top is connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate of the assembled model box, and the control end of the intelligent control hydraulic top is externally connected to a computer.

[0010] Preferably, the flow rate and water temperature control system includes a shell, an electric heating tube, a heating chamber, a switch, a sleeve, an intelligent water temperature flowmeter and a water tank. The water tank is placed on the ground outside the assembled model box. The water tank is connected to the sleeve through a hose. A heating chamber for medium heating is provided inside the shell. A medium inlet connected to the heating chamber is provided at one end of the shell, and a medium outlet connected to the heating chamber is provided at the other end of the shell. Interfaces for medium inlet and outlet are provided on the shell. The heating chamber is surrounded by an electric heating tube. The heating of the electric heating tube is controlled by a switch. The switch controls the intelligent water temperature flowmeter to realize real-time temperature and flow rate control.

[0011] Preferably, the rainfall and temperature control system includes a water tank, the water inlet of the water tank is connected to a water source through a pipe, the water outlet of the water tank is connected to a water pump inlet through a pipe, the water outlet of the water pump is connected to one side of a water supply main, the other side of the water supply main is connected to a water inlet of a sprinkler system, and the sprinkler system is arranged on a bracket.

[0012] Preferably, the water supply main is provided with an electronically controlled main valve and a flow meter, the spray system comprises a plurality of water supply branches and electronically controlled sub-valves arranged thereon, the water supply branches are provided with a plurality of nozzles evenly arranged downward, and heating components are arranged at intervals between the water supply branches.

[0013] Preferably, the stress simulation system includes an intelligently controlled scissor jack and an electric telescopic rod arranged on a lateral side panel, the intelligently controlled scissor jack is arranged on a rear side panel of the assembled model box, and the intelligently controlled scissor jack and the electric telescopic rod are both controlled by an external computer.

[0014] Preferably, the deformation monitoring system is connected to a computer, and the deformation monitoring system includes a three-dimensional laser scanner, a soil pressure sensor, a displacement sensor, a pore water pressure sensor and a water content sensor. The three-dimensional laser scanner is arranged in the middle of the top of the front side plate of the assembled model box, and the three-dimensional laser scanner is connected to the front side plate through a connecting piece and a screw. The soil pressure sensor, the displacement sensor, the pore water pressure sensor and the water content sensor are evenly arranged inside the model, and the soil pressure sensor, the displacement sensor, the pore water pressure sensor and the water content sensor are connected to the computer through a data cable.

[0015] Preferably, the true three-dimensional model layout system includes a longitudinal infrared aiming device and a transverse infrared aiming device, the longitudinal infrared aiming device is installed at intervals beside the nozzle, and the transverse infrared aiming device is installed on the transverse side panel.

[0016] In addition, the present invention also discloses a method for using a true three-dimensional landslide model test device under multi-factor coupling, which comprises the following steps: Step 1: Assemble the assembled model box according to the preset model size, connect them with fixing screws, set the advancement length of the lateral side panel through the electric telescopic rod in the right side panel, and limit the lateral width of the model; Step 2: Determine the positions of different elevation marking points by the intersection of the rays of the longitudinal infrared aiming device and the lateral infrared aiming device, and transmit the positions of the marking points to the computer to form a three-dimensional model; Step 3: Using the layered filling method according to the marked points, lay the lower bedrock, the middle concrete, and the upper similar material in layers in the assembled model box; Step 4: bury the soil pressure sensor, displacement sensor, pore water pressure sensor and water content sensor at the preset position, connect them to the computer and continue filling; Step 5: Install the 3D laser scanner on the top of the front side panel and fix it with connecting pieces and screws; Step 6: Install the spray system on the top of the model box to the appropriate height of the bracket; Step 7: Before the test begins, use a 3D laser scanner to scan the slope surface as the initial reference point cloud; Step 8: Input the preset parameters into the computer control software to control the rear intelligent scissor jack and the electric telescopic rod behind the lateral side plate to apply thrust stress to the slope; Step 9: Use the rainfall and temperature control system to control precipitation and temperature, and control the rainfall rate through the electronic control main valve. Then the sprinkler system is moved to different positions of the slope through the bracket, and the rainfall system is used to simulate rainfall conditions at different positions; Step 10: Use the flow rate and water temperature control system to control the water storage rate, and adjust the water injection rate through the water inlet valve; use the electric heating tube to adjust the water temperature in the heating chamber to simulate different water level rise and fall rates and water level and water temperature conditions in different seasons; Step 11: Use the flow rate and water temperature control system to control the temperature, use the heating component above the model, and control the switch to different gears to simulate the temperature conditions in different seasons; Step 12: Control the rear intelligent scissor jack to apply different horizontal thrusts to simulate different excavation heights; Step 13: Start the experiment and use a 3D laser scanner to scan and sample the slope surface at a fixed time. Other measurement methods can also be used to further collect data.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The rainfall system of the present invention can effectively overcome the application limitation of being unable to be precisely controlled, can meet the real-time adjustment of rainfall intensity, range, location, and duration, and realize the simulation of various rainfall conditions; by controlling the precipitation, the influence of rainfall under different water levels on the stability of the reservoir bank slope can be studied; 2. The mechanical lifting system of the present invention can lift the model box by 0-45°, adjust the slope model to any angle according to the test needs, and realize landslide tests with different inclination angle combinations; the lifting height and speed can be accurately controlled, and the operation is stable; 3. The water temperature control and temperature control system of the present invention can more realistically study the impact of reservoir water on reservoir bank slopes in different seasons; 4. The stress simulation system of the present invention can study the influence of different excavation degrees on the reservoir bank slope; 5. The assembled model box of the present invention is suitable for model tests of various sizes, saving costs and facilitating tests; 6. The true three-dimensional model layout system of the present invention effectively improves the accuracy of test measurement points. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a top view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 is a front view of the scissor jack device of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the heating device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: See also Figures 1 to 4 A true three-dimensional landslide model test device under the action of multi-factor coupling includes an assembled model box 1 and a bracket 4 arranged on the outside thereof, a mechanical lifting system 2 is provided at the bottom of the assembled model box 1, the left side of the assembled model box 1 is connected to a flow rate and water temperature control system 3 through a pipeline, a rainfall and temperature control system 5 is provided on the bracket 4, a stress simulation system 6 is provided on the side of the assembled model box 1, a deformation monitoring system 7 is also provided in the assembled model box 1, and a true three-dimensional model layout system 8 is provided on the side of the assembled model box 1.

[0020] Preferably, the assembled model box 1 is a trapezoidal box structure, the front side panel 1.1, the left side panel 1.2 and the right side panel 1.3 of the assembled model box 1 are tempered high-strength glass panels, the rear side panel 1.4 and the bottom panel 1.5 are high-strength steel panels, a drain outlet 1.1.1 is provided at the lower portion of the front side panel 1.1, a water inlet 1.2.1 is provided at the lower portion of the left side panel 1.2, and a transverse side panel 1.6 that can move laterally is provided inside the assembled model box 1.

[0021] Preferably, the mechanical lifting system 2 includes an intelligent control hydraulic top 2.1 and a base 2.2, the intelligent control hydraulic top 2.1 is arranged on the rear side of the upper surface of the base 2.2, the top of the intelligent control hydraulic top 2.1 is connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate of the assembled model box 1, and the control end of the intelligent control hydraulic top 2.1 is externally connected to the computer 2.3.

[0022] Preferably, the flow rate and water temperature control system 3 includes a shell 3.1, an electric heating pipe 3.2, a heating chamber 3.3, a switch 3.4, a sleeve 3.5, an intelligent water temperature flowmeter 3.6 and a water tank 3.7. The water tank 3.7 is placed on the ground outside the assembled model box 1. The water tank 3.7 is connected to the sleeve 3.5 through a hose. A heating chamber 3.3 for medium heating is provided inside the shell 3.1. A medium inlet connected to the heating chamber 3.3 is provided at one end of the shell 3.1. A medium outlet connected to the heating chamber 3.3 is provided at the other end of the shell 3.1. Interfaces for medium inlet and outlet are provided on the shell 3.1. The heating chamber 3.3 is surrounded by an electric heating pipe 3.2. The electric heating pipe 3.2 is heated by the switch 3.4. The switch 3.4 controls the intelligent water temperature flowmeter 3.6 to realize real-time temperature and flow rate control.

[0023] Preferably, the rainfall and temperature control system 5 includes a water tank 5.1, the water inlet of the water tank 5.1 is connected to a water source through a pipe, the water outlet of the water tank 5.1 is connected to the water inlet of a water pump 5.2 through a pipe, the water outlet of the water pump 5.2 is connected to one side of a water supply pipe 5.4, the other side of the water supply pipe 5.4 is connected to the water inlet of a sprinkler system 5.3, and the sprinkler system 5.3 is arranged on a bracket 4.

[0024] Preferably, the water supply main pipe 5.4 is provided with an electronically controlled main valve 5.5 and a flow meter 5.6, the spray system 5.3 comprises a plurality of water supply manifolds 5.3.1 and electronically controlled sub-valves 5.3.2 arranged thereon, the water supply manifolds 5.3.1 are provided with a plurality of nozzles 5.3.3 evenly arranged downward, and heating components 5.3.4 are arranged at intervals between the water supply manifolds 5.3.1.

[0025] Preferably, the stress simulation system 6 comprises an intelligent scissor jack 6.1 and an electric telescopic rod 6.2 arranged on the lateral side plate 1.6, wherein the intelligent scissor jack 6.1 is arranged on the rear side plate 1.4 of the assembled model box 1, and the intelligent scissor jack 6.1 and the electric telescopic rod 6.2 are both controlled by an external computer 2.3. The input end of the electric telescopic rod 6.2 controls the telescopic length through the computer 2.3, which is used to limit the lateral size of the model and provide the thrust stress T 2 .

[0026] Preferably, the deformation monitoring system 7 is connected to the computer 2.3, and the deformation monitoring system 7 includes a three-dimensional laser scanner 7.1, a soil pressure sensor 7.2, a displacement sensor 7.3, a pore water pressure sensor 7.4 and a water content sensor 7.5. The three-dimensional laser scanner 7.1 is arranged in the middle of the top of the front side plate 1.1 of the assembled model box 1, and the three-dimensional laser scanner 7.1 is connected to the front side plate 1.1 through a connecting piece and a screw. The soil pressure sensor 7.2, the displacement sensor 7.3, the pore water pressure sensor 7.4 and the water content sensor 7.5 are evenly arranged inside the model, and the soil pressure sensor 7.2, the displacement sensor 7.3, the pore water pressure sensor 7.4 and the water content sensor 7.5 are connected to the computer 2.3 through a data line.

[0027] Preferably, the true three-dimensional model arrangement system 8 comprises a longitudinal infrared aiming device 8.1 and a transverse infrared aiming device 8.2, wherein the longitudinal infrared aiming device 8.1 is installed at intervals beside the nozzle 5.3.3, and the transverse infrared aiming device 8.2 is installed on the transverse side plate 1.4.

[0028] In addition, the present invention also discloses a method for using a true three-dimensional landslide model test device under multi-factor coupling, which comprises the following steps: Step 1: Assemble the assembled model box 1 according to the preset model size, connect them with fixing screws, set the advancement length of the lateral side plate 1.6 in the right side plate 1.3 through the electric telescopic rod 6.2, and limit the lateral width of the model; Step 2: Determine the positions of different elevation marking points by the intersection of the rays of the longitudinal infrared aiming device 8.1 and the transverse infrared aiming device 8.2, and transmit the positions of the marking points to the computer 2.3 to form a three-dimensional model; Step 3: Using the layered filling method according to the marked points, a lower layer of bedrock, a middle layer of concrete, and an upper layer of similar materials are laid in layers in the assembled model box 1; Step 4: bury the soil pressure sensor 7.2, displacement sensor 7.3, pore water pressure sensor 7.4 and water content sensor 7.5 at the preset position, connect them to the computer 2.3 and continue filling; Step 5: Install the 3D laser scanner 7.1 on the top of the front side panel 1.1 and fix it with connecting pieces and screws; Step 6: Install the spray system 5.3 on the top of the model box to a proper height of the bracket 4; Step 7: Before the test begins, use the 3D laser scanner 7.1 to scan the slope surface as the initial reference point cloud; Step 8: Input preset parameters into the control software of the computer 2.3 to control the rear intelligent scissor jack 6.1 and the electric telescopic rod 6.2 behind the lateral side plate 1.6 to apply thrust stress to the slope; Step nine: using the rainfall and temperature control system 5 to control precipitation and temperature, and controlling the rainfall rate through the electronic control main valve 5.5, and then the sprinkler system 5.3 is moved to different positions of the slope through the bracket 4, and the rainfall system is used to simulate rainfall conditions at different positions; Step 10: Use the flow rate and water temperature control system 3 to control the water storage rate, and adjust the water injection rate through the water inlet valve; use the electric heating tube 3.2 to adjust the water temperature in the heating chamber 3.3 to simulate different water level rise and fall rates and water level and water temperature conditions in different seasons; Step 11: Use the flow rate and water temperature control system 3 to control the temperature, use the heating component 5.3.4 above the model, and control the switch 3.4 to different gears to simulate the temperature conditions in different seasons; Step 12: Control the rear intelligent scissor jack 6.1 to apply horizontal thrusts of different magnitudes to simulate working conditions of excavation at different heights; Step 13: Start the test, use the 3D laser scanner 7.1 to scan and sample the slope surface for a fixed period of time, and other measurement methods can also be used to further collect data.

[0029] The above embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A true three-dimensional landslide model test device under multi-factor coupling, comprising an assembled model box (1) and a bracket (4) arranged outside the box, characterized in that: The bottom of the assembled model box (1) is provided with a mechanical lifting system (2); the left side of the assembled model box (1) is connected to a flow rate and water temperature control system (3) through a pipeline; the bracket (4) is provided with a rainfall and temperature control system (5); the side of the assembled model box (1) is provided with a stress simulation system (6); the inside of the assembled model box (1) is also provided with a deformation monitoring system (7); and the side of the assembled model box (1) is provided with a true three-dimensional model layout system (8).

2. The true three-dimensional landslide model test device under multi-factor coupling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The assembled model box (1) is a trapezoidal box structure; the front side panel (1.1), the left side panel (1.2) and the right side panel (1.3) of the assembled model box (1) are tempered high-strength glass panels; the rear side panel (1.4) and the bottom panel (1.5) are high-strength steel panels; a drainage outlet (1.1.1) is provided at the bottom of the front side panel (1.1); a water inlet (1.2.1) is provided at the bottom of the left side panel (1.2); and a transverse side panel (1.6) that can move transversely is provided inside the assembled model box (1).

3. The true three-dimensional landslide model test device under multi-factor coupling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The mechanical lifting system (2) comprises an intelligent control hydraulic top (2.1) and a base (2.2); the intelligent control hydraulic top (2.1) is arranged on the rear side of the upper surface of the base (2.2); the upper part of the intelligent control hydraulic top (2.1) is connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate of the assembled model box (1); and the control end of the intelligent control hydraulic top (2.1) is externally connected to a computer (2.3).

4. The true three-dimensional landslide model test device under multi-factor coupling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The flow rate and water temperature control system (3) comprises a housing (3.1), an electric heating tube (3.2), a heating chamber (3.3), a switch (3.4), a sleeve (3.5), an intelligent water temperature flow meter (3.6) and a water storage tank (3.7). The water storage tank (3.7) is placed on the ground outside the assembled model box (1). The water storage tank (3.7) is connected to the sleeve (3.5) via a hose. A heating chamber (3.3) for heating a medium is provided inside the housing (3.1). One end of the shell (3.1) is provided with a medium inlet connected to the heating chamber (3.3), and the other end of the shell (3.1) is provided with a medium outlet connected to the heating chamber (3.3). The shell (3.1) is provided with interfaces for the medium inlet and outlet. The heating chamber (3.3) is surrounded by an electric heating tube (3.2). The electric heating tube (3.2) controls heating through a switch (3.4). The switch (3.4) controls an intelligent water temperature flow meter (3.6) to achieve real-time temperature and flow rate control.

5. The true three-dimensional landslide model test device under multi-factor coupling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The rainfall and temperature control system (5) comprises a water tank (5.1), the water inlet of the water tank (5.1) is connected to a water source via a pipeline, the water outlet of the water tank (5.1) is connected to the water inlet of a water pump (5.2) via a pipeline, the water outlet of the water pump (5.2) is connected to one side of a water supply pipe (5.4), the other side of the water supply pipe (5.4) is connected to the water inlet of a spray system (5.3), and the spray system (5.3) is arranged on a bracket (4).

6. The true three-dimensional landslide model test device under multi-factor coupling according to claim 5 is characterized by: The water supply main pipe (5.4) is provided with an electronically controlled main valve (5.5) and a flow meter (5.6); the spray system (5.3) comprises a plurality of water supply manifolds (5.3.1) and electronically controlled sub-valves (5.3.2) arranged thereon; a plurality of spray heads (5.3.3) are evenly arranged downward on the water supply manifolds (5.3.1); and heating components (5.3.4) are arranged at intervals between the water supply manifolds (5.3.1).

7. The true three-dimensional landslide model test device under multi-factor coupling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The stress simulation system (6) comprises an intelligently controlled scissor jack (6.1) and an electric telescopic rod (6.2) arranged on a lateral side plate (1.6); the intelligently controlled scissor jack (6.1) is arranged on a rear side plate (1.4) of the assembled model box (1); and the intelligently controlled scissor jack (6.1) and the electric telescopic rod (6.2) are both controlled by an external computer (2.3).

8. The true three-dimensional landslide model test device under multi-factor coupling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The deformation monitoring system (7) is connected to the computer (2.3). The deformation monitoring system (7) comprises a three-dimensional laser scanner (7.1), an earth pressure sensor (7.2), a displacement sensor (7.3), a pore water pressure sensor (7.4) and a water content sensor (7.5). The three-dimensional laser scanner (7.1) is arranged in the middle of the top of the front side plate (1.1) of the assembled model box (1). The three-dimensional laser scanner (7.1) is connected to the front side plate (1.1) via a connecting piece and screws. The earth pressure sensor (7.2), the displacement sensor (7.3), the pore water pressure sensor (7.4) and the water content sensor (7.5) are evenly arranged inside the model. The earth pressure sensor (7.2), the displacement sensor (7.3), the pore water pressure sensor (7.4) and the water content sensor (7.5) are connected to the computer (2.3) via a data line.

9. The true three-dimensional landslide model test device under multi-factor coupling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The true three-dimensional model arrangement system (8) comprises a longitudinal infrared aiming device (8.1) and a transverse infrared aiming device (8.2), wherein the longitudinal infrared aiming device (8.1) is installed at intervals beside the nozzle (5.3.3), and the transverse infrared aiming device (8.2) is installed on the transverse side plate (1.4).

10. The method for using the true three-dimensional landslide model test device under multi-factor coupling according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Assemble the assembled model box (1) according to the preset model size, connect them with fixing screws, and set the advancement length of the lateral side plate (1.6) in the right side plate (1.3) through the electric telescopic rod (6.2) to limit the lateral width of the model; Step 2: Determine the positions of different elevation marking points by the intersection of the rays of the longitudinal infrared aiming device (8.1) and the transverse infrared aiming device (8.2), and transmit the positions of the marking points to the computer (2.3) to form a three-dimensional model; Step 3: Using a layered filling method according to the marked points, a lower layer of bedrock, a middle layer of concrete, and an upper layer of similar materials are laid in layers in the assembled model box (1); Step 4: bury the soil pressure sensor (7.2), displacement sensor (7.3), pore water pressure sensor (7.4) and water content sensor (7.5) at the preset position, connect them to the computer (2.3) and continue filling; Step 5: Install the 3D laser scanner (7.1) on the top of the front side panel (1.1) and fix it with connecting pieces and screws; Step 6: Install the spray system (5.3) on the top of the model box to a proper height of the bracket (4); Step 7: Before the test begins, use a 3D laser scanner (7.1) to scan the slope surface as the initial reference point cloud; Step 8: Input preset parameters into the control software of the computer (2.3) to control the rear intelligent scissor jack (6.1) and the electric telescopic rod (6.2) behind the lateral side plate (1.6) to apply thrust stress to the slope; Step 9: Use the rainfall and temperature control system (5) to control precipitation and temperature, and control the rainfall rate through the electronic control main valve (5.5). Then, the sprinkler system (5.3) is moved to different positions of the slope through the bracket (4), and the rainfall system is used to simulate rainfall conditions at different positions; Step 10: Using the flow rate and water temperature control system (3) to control the water storage rate, and adjusting the water injection rate through the water inlet valve; using the electric heating tube (3.2) to adjust the water temperature of the heating chamber (3.3) to simulate different water level rise and fall rates and water level and temperature conditions in different seasons; Step 11: Use the flow rate and water temperature control system (3) to control the temperature, and use the heating component (5.3.4) above the model to simulate the temperature conditions in different seasons by controlling the switch (3.4) to different gears; Step 12: Control the rear intelligent scissor jack (6.1) to apply different horizontal thrusts to simulate different excavation heights; Step 13: Start the test and use the 3D laser scanner (7.1) to scan and sample the slope surface at a fixed time. Other measurement methods can also be used to further collect data.

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