An ecological function recovery site simulation rainfall erosion comprehensive test device

Abstract

This utility model relates to a rainfall simulation test device, and more particularly to a comprehensive test device for simulating rainfall erosion in ecological function restoration sites. It includes a base and a box rotatably connected to the top of the base. The box is divided into three cavities, and placement frames are evenly spaced and slidably connected to the cavities within the box. This utility model simulates rainfall by spraying water through a water pipe, while simultaneously activating an external air pump to expel air into an electric ring frame. The air inside the electric ring frame is then sprayed out through a ring nozzle to simulate a windy environment. The blown air agitates the water, causing the water droplets to fall onto the soil, thus completing the rainfall erosion test under windy conditions. In this way, the ring nozzle can spray air at different angles to simulate a windy environment, comprehensively considering wind force and direction factors to more fully and accurately simulate the rainfall erosion process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a rainfall simulation test device, and more particularly to a comprehensive test device for simulating rainfall erosion in ecological function restoration sites. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of ecological restoration and environmental science, simulated rainfall erosion experiments are an important means of assessing soil erosion, predicting soil and water loss risks, and verifying the effectiveness of ecological restoration measures. Traditional rainfall erosion studies often rely on long-term observations under natural rainfall conditions, but this method is limited by various factors such as region, season, and climate, making it difficult to obtain comprehensive and controllable experimental data in a short period of time. Therefore, the use of rainfall simulation experimental equipment is necessary.

[0003] Chinese patent CN221550418U discloses an observation device for artificially simulating rainfall erosion processes. The device includes a water supply unit, a rainfall device, a vibration device, two support pillars, an experimental tank placement frame, and a support frame. The support frame comprises two first horizontal bars, two second horizontal bars, and four vertical bars. The two first and second horizontal bars are fixedly arranged in parallel at rectangular intervals. The four vertical bars are fixedly installed at the connection points of the first and second horizontal bars. The two support pillars are installed parallel to each other below the two second horizontal bars. The rainfall device is located between the horizontal bars and the support pillars and is mounted on the two support pillars. The vibration device is connected to the rainfall device in a horizontal direction. The water supply unit is located above the rainfall device, and the experimental tank placement frame is located below the rainfall device. While this patent can simulate rainfall, it primarily focuses on controlling rainfall parameters and lacks the ability to simulate wind force and direction. It cannot reproduce the erosion process under the coupled action of wind and rainfall. This single-factor simulation method is insufficient to reflect the true erosion behavior of rainwater on the earth's surface under complex natural conditions, resulting in insufficient representativeness of experimental data and affecting the accuracy of the experiment.

[0004] This utility model aims to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned patents. To this end, it proposes a comprehensive test device for simulating rainfall erosion in ecological function restoration sites, which can comprehensively consider wind force and wind direction factors and more comprehensively and accurately simulate the rainfall erosion process. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of lacking the ability to simulate wind force and direction, and being unable to reproduce the erosion process under the coupled action of wind and rainfall, this single-factor simulation method is difficult to reflect the real erosion behavior of rainwater on the ground surface under complex natural conditions, resulting in insufficient representativeness of experimental data and affecting the accuracy of the experiment. This utility model provides a comprehensive experimental device for simulating rainfall erosion in ecological function restoration sites that can comprehensively consider wind force and direction factors and more comprehensively and accurately simulate the rainfall erosion process.

[0006] The technical implementation scheme of this utility model is as follows: A comprehensive experimental device for simulating rainfall erosion in ecological function restoration sites includes a base and a box rotatably connected to the top of the base. The box is divided into three cavities. Placement frames located within the cavities of the box are slidably connected at even intervals on the box. The device also includes a lifting assembly between the box and the base for swinging the box. An electric ring frame is rotatably connected at even intervals on the box and located within the cavities of the box. A circular frame is fixed to the electric ring frame, and a water spray pipe is fixed to the inside of the circular frame. The water inlet end of the water spray pipe passes through the box. An annular nozzle located below the water spray pipe is rotatably connected to the inner side of the electric ring frame. An air inlet pipe is rotatably connected to the electric ring frame for injecting air into the electric ring frame. The electric ring frame then discharges the air into the annular nozzle, so that the annular nozzle sprays air out to simulate a windy environment. A drive assembly is provided between the annular nozzle and the electric ring frame for rotating the annular nozzle.

[0007] To further explain, the right side of the placement box has a mesh structure, which is used to drain water.

[0008] Further explanation: The lifting assembly includes a movable seat that is slidably connected to the inside of the base, a connecting rod that is symmetrically rotatably connected to the movable seat, the end of the connecting rod being rotatably connected to the housing, and an electric screw that is threadedly connected to the movable seat is installed on the base.

[0009] Further explanation: the drive assembly includes an internal gear ring fixed to the top of the annular nozzle in the circumferential direction, and an electric gear that meshes with the internal gear ring is mounted on the top of the electric annular frame.

[0010] Further explanation includes guide rails fixed to both sides of the placement frame, a push plate slidingly connected to the bottom of the placement frame, a folding plate rotatably connected between the push plate and the inner side of the placement frame to move the soil and adjust the slope, the three folding ends of the folding plate are located inside the guide rails, a connecting spring is connected between the push plate and the inner side of the placement frame, and a triggering component is provided on the box to drive the push plate to move.

[0011] Further explanation: The triggering component includes guide rods fixed between the two sides of the housing at even intervals. The guide rods are located inside the cavity of the housing. A drive plate is slidably fitted between the two guide rods in the middle of each group. The drive plate contacts the push plate to drive the push plate to move. Electric lead screws that are threadedly connected to the drive plate are evenly spaced on the housing.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. Water is sprayed out through a sprinkler pipe to simulate rainfall. At the same time, an external air pump is activated to discharge air into the electric ring frame. The air in the electric ring frame is sprayed out through the ring nozzle to simulate a windy environment. The blown air blows the water, and the blown raindrops fall onto the soil, thus completing the rainfall erosion test under windy conditions. In this way, the ring nozzle can spray air at different angles to simulate a windy environment, thereby comprehensively considering wind force and wind direction factors, and more comprehensively and accurately simulating the rainfall erosion process.

[0013] 2. The folding plate can move the soil to adjust the slope, allowing the soil to be tested for rainfall erosion at the required slope, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of the test. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the box body of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the electric ring frame and circular frame of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the water spray pipe and the annular spray pipe of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the annular nozzle of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the folding plate and push plate of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the guide rail of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connecting spring of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the drive plate and electric lead screw of this utility model.

[0023] In the attached diagrams: 1: Base, 2: Box body, 3: Placement frame, 4: Movable seat, 41: Connecting rod, 42: Electric screw, 5: Electric ring frame, 6: Circular frame, 7: Water spray pipe, 8: Air inlet pipe, 9: Ring nozzle, 10: Internal gear ring, 11: Electric gear, 12: Folding plate, 121: Push plate, 122: Guide rail, 123: Connecting spring, 124: Drive plate, 125: Electric lead screw, 126: Guide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of this utility model.

[0025] Example: A comprehensive experimental device for simulating rainfall erosion in ecological function restoration sites, such as... Figure 1-9 As shown, the device includes a base 1 and a housing 2 rotatably connected to the top right side of the base 1. The housing 2 is divided into three cavities. Drain pipes are evenly spaced at the lower front of the housing 2. Three placement frames 3 are evenly spaced and slidably connected to the front of the housing 2, and are located in the three cavities of the housing 2 respectively. The right side of the placement frames 3 is meshed for draining water. The device also includes a lifting assembly, an electric ring frame 5, a circular frame 6, a water spray pipe 7, an air inlet pipe 8, an annular spray pipe 9, and a drive assembly. The lifting assembly is located between the housing 2 and the base 1. When the lifting assembly operates, it can drive the housing 2 to swing. Three electric ring frames 5 are evenly spaced and rotatably connected to the upper part of the housing 2. Three electric ring frames 5 are located in the three cavities of the housing 2. A circular frame 6 is fixedly connected to the middle of the electric ring frame 5. A water spray pipe 7 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the circular frame 6. The water inlet end of the water spray pipe 7 passes through the front side of the housing 2. A ring nozzle 9 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the electric ring frame 5. The ring nozzle 9 is located below the water spray pipe 7. An air inlet pipe 8 is rotatably connected to the front side of the electric ring frame 5. The air inlet pipe 8 is used to spray air into the electric ring frame 5. The electric ring frame 5 discharges air into the ring nozzle 9 so that the ring nozzle 9 sprays air out to simulate a windy environment. A drive assembly is provided between the ring nozzle 9 and the electric ring frame 5. When the drive assembly is operating, the drive assembly can drive the ring nozzle 9 to rotate.

[0026] The lifting assembly includes a movable seat 4, a connecting rod 41, and an electric screw 42. The movable seat 4 is horizontally slidably connected to the inner side of the base 1. The connecting rod 41 is symmetrically rotatably connected to the right side of the movable seat 4. The tail ends of the connecting rods 41 on the front and rear sides are rotatably connected to the left side of the bottom of the box 2. The electric screw 42 is horizontally installed on the base 1 and is threadedly connected to the middle of the movable seat 4.

[0027] The drive assembly includes an internal gear ring 10 and an electric gear 11. The internal gear ring 10 is fixedly connected to the top of the annular nozzle 9 along the circumferential direction. The electric gear 11 is installed on the top left side of the electric annular frame 5, and the electric gear 11 meshes with the internal gear ring 10.

[0028] It also includes a folding plate 12, a push plate 121, a guide rail 122, a connecting spring 123, and a trigger assembly. The lower part of the left and right sides of the placement frame 3 is fixedly connected to the guide rail 122. The push plate 121 is slidably connected to the rear bottom of the placement frame 3. The lower part of the front side of the push plate 121 is rotatably connected to the lower part of the front side of the placement frame 3. When the folding plate 12 is pushed and folded, the folding plate 12 can drive the soil to move and adjust the slope. The three folding ends of the folding plate 12 are located inside the guide rail 122. The lower part of the front side of the push plate 121 is connected to the inner side of the placement frame 3 by four connecting springs 123. A trigger assembly is provided at the bottom of the box 2. When the trigger assembly is operated, the trigger assembly can drive the push plate 121 to move forward.

[0029] The triggering assembly includes a drive plate 124, an electric lead screw 125, and guide rods 126. Three sets of guide rods 126 are fixedly connected at even intervals between the lower parts of the front and rear sides inside the housing 2. Each set of guide rods 126 is located inside the cavity of the housing 2. There are four guide rods in each set. The drive plate 124 is slidably fitted between the two middle guide rods 126 in each set. The drive plate 124 contacts the lower part of the rear side of the push plate 121. When the drive plate 124 moves forward, it can drive the push plate 121 to move forward. Three electric lead screws 125 are evenly spaced at the lower part of the housing 2. The three electric lead screws 125 are threadedly connected to the middle of the three drive plates 124 respectively.

[0030] Initially, the air pump is connected to the air intake pipe 8 and the water source is connected to the water spray pipe 7. First, the three placement frames 3 are pulled forward to move outside the box 2. Then, an appropriate amount of soil is placed into the placement frames 3, with the soil on the folding plate 12. Next, the placement frames 3 are pushed backward to reset them inside the box 2. The placement frames 3, through the folding plate 12, move the soil backward into the box 2. The electric screw 42 is started to rotate forward. The electric screw 42 rotates forward, causing the movable seat 4 to move to the right. The movable seat 4, through the connecting rod 41, causes the box 2 to swing upward. The upward swing of the box 2 causes the placement frames 3 to swing upward and tilt. The electric screw 42 is turned off, and the movable seat 4 stops moving the box 2 upward through the connecting rod 41. The swing mechanism stops when the placement frame 3 stops swinging. Then, based on the required soil slope for the test, the electric screw 125 rotates forward. The forward rotation of the electric screw 125 drives the drive plate 124 forward, which in turn moves the push plate 121 forward. The connecting spring 123 is compressed, and the push plate 121 moves forward, causing the folding plate 12 to move forward and fold. The folding plate 12 folds, causing the soil to move and adjusting the slope. When the soil slope reaches the required test slope, the electric screw 125 is turned off, the drive plate 124 stops moving the push plate 121 forward, and the folding plate 12 stops moving forward. This process can be repeated for three different slopes as needed. The soil slope within frame 3 is adjusted to improve the comprehensiveness of the experiment. Then, the electric ring frame 5 is started, rotating alternately in both directions. The electric ring frame 5, through the circular frame 6, drives the water spray pipe 7 to swing left and right. Simultaneously, the electric ring frame 5 also drives the annular nozzle 9 to swing left and right. Next, an external air pump is started, which discharges air into the air inlet pipe 8, which in turn discharges air into the electric ring frame 5, which then discharges air into the annular nozzle 9. The annular nozzle 9 simulates a windy environment, allowing water to be discharged into the water spray pipe 7. The water spray pipe 7 then sprays water to simulate rainfall, while the air sprayed from the annular nozzle 9 blows the rainwater, causing it to drip onto the soil. The above completes the rainfall erosion test under windy conditions. At the same time, the electric gear 11 is activated, which drives the internal gear ring 10 to rotate. The internal gear ring 10 drives the annular nozzle 9 to rotate. The annular nozzle 9 adjusts the blowing angle. When the annular nozzle 9 is adjusted to the required blowing angle, the electric gear 11 is turned off, and the internal gear ring 10 stops driving the annular nozzle 9 to rotate. In this way, rainfall erosion tests under different wind angles can be completed, further improving the test effect. As water drips continuously onto the soil, some water that is not absorbed by the soil flows into the box 2 through the mesh on the right side of the placement frame 3. The drain pipe of the box 2 drains the water for collection and treatment.After the soil rainfall erosion test is completed, stop draining water into the spray pipe 7, turn off the external air pump, and stop the annular nozzle 9 from spraying air. Simultaneously, turn off the electric annular frame 5, and start the electric screw 42 to reverse, causing the movable seat 4 to move to the left and reset. The movable seat 4, through the connecting rod 41, causes the housing 2 to swing downwards and reset. Then, start the electric lead screw 125 to reverse, causing the drive plate 124 to move backwards and reset. The drive plate 124, now reset, limits the push plate 121. Due to the action of the connecting spring 123, the push plate 121 moves backwards and resets, causing the folding plate 12 to move backwards and reset. The folding plate 12 moves backwards to unfold and reset. Turn off the electric lead screw 125, and the placement frame 3 can be pulled forward to move outside the housing 2. The soil condition inside the placement frame 3 can then be inspected and data recorded. After the soil inspection is complete, the soil is removed from the placement frame 3. In this way, the annular nozzle 9 can spray air at different angles to simulate a windy environment, thus comprehensively considering wind force and direction factors, and more comprehensively and accurately simulating the rainfall erosion process.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this utility model without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of this utility model.

Claims

1. A comprehensive experimental device for simulating rainfall erosion in ecological function restoration sites, comprising a base (1) and a box (2) rotatably connected to the top of the base (1), the inner side of the box (2) being divided into three cavities, and placement frames (3) evenly spaced and slidably connected to the cavities of the box (2), characterized in that, It also includes a lifting assembly set between the box (2) and the base (1) for driving the box (2) to swing. The box (2) is evenly spaced and rotated through an electric ring frame (5) located in the cavity of the box (2). A circular frame (6) is fixed on the electric ring frame (5). A water spray pipe (7) is fixed on the inner side of the circular frame (6). The water inlet end of the water spray pipe (7) passes through the box (2). An annular nozzle (9) located below the water spray pipe (7) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the electric ring frame (5) along the circumferential direction. An air inlet pipe (8) is rotatably connected to the electric ring frame (5). The air inlet pipe (8) is used to spray air into the electric ring frame (5). The electric ring frame (5) discharges air into the annular nozzle (9) so that the annular nozzle (9) sprays air out to simulate a wind environment. A drive assembly is set between the annular nozzle (9) and the electric ring frame (5) for driving the annular nozzle (9) to rotate.

2. The integrated experimental device for simulating rainfall erosion in ecological function restoration sites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The right side of the placement box (3) is mesh, which is used to drain water.

3. The integrated experimental device for simulating rainfall erosion in ecological function restoration sites according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting assembly includes a movable seat (4) that is slidably connected to the inside of the base (1). A connecting rod (41) is symmetrically rotatably connected to the movable seat (4). The tail end of the connecting rod (41) is rotatably connected to the housing (2). An electric screw (42) that is threadedly connected to the movable seat (4) is installed on the base (1).

4. The integrated experimental device for simulating rainfall erosion in ecological function restoration sites according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes an internal gear ring (10) fixed to the top circumferential direction of the annular nozzle (9), and an electric gear (11) that meshes with the internal gear ring (10) is mounted on the top of the electric annular frame (5).

5. A comprehensive experimental device for simulating rainfall erosion in ecological function restoration sites according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes guide rails (122) fixed to both sides of the placement frame (3), a push plate (121) slidingly connected to the bottom of the placement frame (3), a folding plate (12) rotatably connected between the push plate (121) and the inner side of the placement frame (3) for moving the soil to adjust the slope, the ends of the three folds below the folding plate (12) are located inside the guide rail (122), a connecting spring (123) is connected between the push plate (121) and the inner side of the placement frame (3), and a trigger assembly is provided on the box (2) for moving the push plate (121).

6. The integrated experimental device for simulating rainfall erosion in ecological function restoration sites according to claim 5, characterized in that, The triggering assembly includes guide rods (126) fixed between the two sides of the housing (2) at even intervals. The guide rods (126) are located in the cavity of the housing (2). A drive plate (124) is slidably mounted between the two guide rods (126) in the middle of each group. The drive plate (124) contacts the push plate (121) to drive the push plate (121) to move. Electric lead screws (125) that are threadedly connected to the drive plate (124) are evenly spaced on the housing (2).

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