Early warning method and system for thermal runaway of energy storage battery

Abstract

The invention provides an early warning method and system for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery, and the method comprises the following steps: presetting a thermal runaway discrimination threshold value of the energy storage battery, the thermal runaway discrimination threshold value comprising a minimum temperature rise rate threshold value and a temperature rise change rate threshold value; in the operation process of the energy storage battery, the real-time temperature of the energy storage battery is continuously monitored, and the real-time temperature rise rate and the temperature rise change rate of the energy storage battery are calculated; and when the real-time temperature rise rate of the energy storage battery exceeds the minimum temperature rise rate threshold value and the temperature rise change rate exceeds the temperature rise change rate threshold value, a thermal runaway early warning condition of the energy storage battery is triggered, and a corresponding early warning signal is sent out. The thermal runaway risk of the energy storage battery can be found in time by presetting the thermal runaway judgment threshold value and monitoring the temperature data of the energy storage battery in real time, the accuracy and reliability of early warning are improved by combining the two factors of the temperature rise rate and the temperature rise change rate, thermal runaway accidents of the energy storage battery are effectively prevented, and the safety of an energy storage system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent operation and maintenance of battery energy storage power stations, and specifically relates to an early warning method and system for thermal runaway of energy storage batteries. Background Art

[0002] At present, in order to promote the energy revolution and clean and low-carbon development, the scale of renewable energy installed capacity will achieve leapfrog development. New energy storage technologies represented by lithium-ion battery energy storage will become a key factor in supporting the stable and large-scale development of renewable energy. In lithium-ion battery energy storage, lithium-ion batteries, as a mature energy storage technology, have the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, and high charging and discharging efficiency. Therefore, they have been widely used in the field of renewable energy. However, with the continuous expansion of the scale of energy storage systems, safety issues have become increasingly prominent. In recent years, many energy storage system safety accidents have occurred in this field, such as fires and explosions, which have posed a serious threat to people's lives and property. The occurrence of these accidents has exposed many problems in the safety of current energy storage systems, such as imperfect battery management systems, high risk of thermal runaway, and insufficient fire protection measures.

[0003] As an improvement, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems and improve the safety performance of energy storage systems, the industry is actively exploring new technologies and solutions. On the one hand, the risk of thermal runaway of batteries can be reduced by improving battery materials, optimizing battery structure, and improving the intelligence level of battery management systems; on the other hand, fire safety measures can be strengthened, such as installing automatic fire extinguishing devices and establishing emergency plans, so as to improve the disaster resistance of energy storage systems. However, the current thermal runaway warning methods for energy storage batteries are still not timely and accurate enough, especially the inability to detect abnormalities and issue warnings at an early stage, which often results in the best prevention and control time being missed when firefighting intervenes. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an early warning method and system for thermal runaway of energy storage batteries, aiming to solve the problem that the current thermal runaway warning methods of energy storage batteries are not timely and accurate enough, especially the failure to detect abnormalities and issue warnings at an early stage, which may lead to the possibility of missing the best prevention and control time. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: The present invention provides an early warning method for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery, comprising the following steps: An early warning method for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery comprises the following steps: S1. Preset the thermal runaway judgment threshold of the energy storage battery, the thermal runaway judgment threshold includes the minimum temperature rise rate threshold and the temperature rise change rate threshold; The thermal runaway judgment threshold of the energy storage battery is preset in the following manner: a number of temperature measurement points are arranged on the energy storage battery, the charging process of the energy storage battery is divided into different intervals, and a number of temperature measurement points are monitored to obtain complete temperature data of the energy storage battery from stable charging to thermal runaway; battery status feature extraction is performed on the complete temperature data; the temperature rise rate data and the temperature rise change rate data of the energy storage battery are calculated, and then the thermal runaway judgment threshold of the energy storage battery is preset; S2. During the operation of the energy storage battery, the real-time temperature of the energy storage battery is continuously monitored, and the real-time temperature rise rate and temperature rise change rate of the energy storage battery are calculated; when the real-time temperature rise rate of the energy storage battery exceeds the minimum temperature rise rate threshold, and the temperature rise change rate exceeds the temperature rise change rate threshold, the thermal runaway warning condition of the energy storage battery is triggered, and a corresponding warning signal is issued.

[0005] In some embodiments, in S1, arranging a plurality of temperature measurement points on the energy storage battery specifically includes: arranging temperature measurement points on both sides, the positive electrode side, the negative electrode side, the positive electrode tab, the negative electrode tab and the bottom of the energy storage battery.

[0006] In some embodiments, in S1, dividing the energy storage battery charging process into different intervals specifically includes: dividing the battery charging process into: the normal operating condition interval from the time when the energy storage battery is fully charged to the time when the energy storage battery is fully charged, and the overcharge interval from the time when the energy storage battery is fully charged to the thermal runaway time, and the thermal runaway interval after the thermal runaway time of the energy storage battery.

[0007] Furthermore, in S1, the key time nodes in the energy storage battery charging process include battery full charge time, valve explosion time, thermal runaway time and termination time, wherein: battery full charge time is the time when the charging capacity of the energy storage battery reaches the rated capacity, valve explosion time is the time when the safety valve of the energy storage battery explodes, thermal runaway time is the time when three consecutive temperatures of the energy storage battery reach the standard temperature rise rate or catch fire or explode, and termination time is the time when the voltage of the energy storage battery drops to zero.

[0008] In some embodiments, in S1, the standard temperature rise rate reached by the energy storage battery for three consecutive temperatures is not less than 3°C / s.

[0009] In some embodiments, in S1, extracting battery status features from the complete temperature data includes: taking an average value of the monitored complete temperature data as the average temperature.

[0010] Furthermore, in S1, calculating the temperature rise rate data of the energy storage battery specifically includes: Divide the time window from t No. w Starting from 1 temperature point, calculate the temperature increase rate in the most recent time window, that is, a linear function The slope of the parameter is calculated using the least squares principle. and The value of (1); in, is the linear function relationship between time series and temperature, is the function fitting error, is the slope of the linear function, is the linear function bias; Calculate the temperature increase rate in different time windows: (2); in, To divide the number of time windows, for The rate of temperature increase within the window.

[0011] Furthermore, in S1, calculating the temperature rise change rate data of the energy storage battery specifically includes: Divide the time window from No. Starting from the temperature point, calculate the temperature rise rate in the most recent time window, that is, the linear function Slope, calculated using the least squares principle to obtain the parameter and The value of (3); Calculate the temperature increase rate in different time windows: (4); Where, is the rate of temperature increase, n 2 is the number of time windows, for The rate of temperature increase within the window.

[0012] In some embodiments, in S1, the thermal runaway judgment threshold of the energy storage battery is preset as follows: (5); (6); in, and are the minimum temperature rise rate and temperature rise change rate for thermal runaway determination, and They are the average temperature rise rate and the average temperature rise change rate in the overcharge stage respectively.

[0013] The present invention also provides an early warning system for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery, the system comprising a temperature monitoring module, a data processing module and a warning determination and output module, wherein: The temperature monitoring module is used to monitor the real-time temperature of the energy storage battery at the temperature measurement point of the energy storage battery; The data processing module is used to receive the complete temperature data of the energy storage battery obtained by the temperature monitoring module during the charging process when the energy storage battery is stably charged to thermal runaway; extract the battery status characteristics from the complete temperature data; divide the energy storage battery charging process into multiple intervals, and calculate the temperature rise rate data and the temperature rise change rate data in each interval, and combine the calculation results with the standard to preset the thermal runaway judgment threshold of the energy storage battery; The early warning judgment and output module is used to receive the real-time temperature data from the temperature monitoring module, calculate the real-time temperature rise rate and temperature rise change rate of the energy storage battery; compare the real-time temperature rise rate and temperature rise change rate with the preset thermal runaway judgment threshold, and then choose whether to issue a corresponding early warning signal.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the early warning method and system for thermal runaway of energy storage batteries of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides an early warning method for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery, comprising the following steps: S1, presetting a thermal runaway judgment threshold of the energy storage battery, the thermal runaway judgment threshold comprising a minimum temperature rise rate threshold and a temperature rise change rate threshold; wherein the thermal runaway judgment threshold of the energy storage battery is preset in the following manner: arranging a plurality of temperature measurement points on the energy storage battery, dividing the energy storage battery charging process into different intervals, monitoring a plurality of temperature measurement points to obtain complete temperature data of the energy storage battery stably charged to thermal runaway; extracting battery state characteristics from the complete temperature data; calculating the temperature rise rate data and the temperature rise change rate data of the energy storage battery, and then presetting the thermal runaway judgment threshold of the energy storage battery; S2, during the operation of the energy storage battery, continuously monitoring the real-time temperature of the energy storage battery, calculating the real-time temperature rise rate and the temperature rise change rate of the energy storage battery; when the real-time temperature rise rate of the energy storage battery exceeds the minimum temperature rise rate threshold, and the temperature rise change rate exceeds the temperature rise change rate threshold, the thermal runaway warning condition of the energy storage battery is triggered, and a corresponding warning signal is issued. The present invention first determines the battery charging and discharging characteristics through experimental analysis, and calibrates the operating conditions. Then, by dividing the time window, the temperature rise rate and the temperature rise change rate are calculated respectively, that is, the temperature characteristic values ​​under normal operating conditions, power abuse conditions and accident conditions are calculated. Finally, according to the relevant standards and the calculated characteristic temperature, the thermal runaway warning threshold range is formulated to warn of thermal runaway during battery operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The drawings in the specification are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an early warning method for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery and the arrangement positions of temperature measurement points of the energy storage battery in the system according to the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a curve of the temperature rise rate of an energy storage battery in an embodiment of an early warning method and system for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery of the present invention; Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of a curve of the temperature rise change rate of an energy storage battery in an embodiment of an early warning method and system for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0018] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0020] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", which does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] How to improve the battery management system, reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the battery, and improve the safety performance and disaster resistance of the energy storage system. This will enable early thermal runaway warning of lithium batteries, allowing firefighting to intervene before the relatively optimal prevention and control time, thereby reducing losses.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an early warning method for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery, comprising the following steps: S1. Preset the thermal runaway judgment threshold of the energy storage battery, the thermal runaway judgment threshold includes the minimum temperature rise rate threshold and the temperature rise change rate threshold; The thermal runaway judgment threshold of the energy storage battery is preset in the following manner: a number of temperature measurement points are arranged on the energy storage battery, the charging process of the energy storage battery is divided into different intervals, and a number of temperature measurement points are monitored to obtain complete temperature data of the energy storage battery from stable charging to thermal runaway; battery status feature extraction is performed on the complete temperature data; the temperature rise rate data and the temperature rise change rate data of the energy storage battery are calculated, and then the thermal runaway judgment threshold of the energy storage battery is preset; S2. During the operation of the energy storage battery, the real-time temperature of the energy storage battery is continuously monitored, and the real-time temperature rise rate and temperature rise change rate of the energy storage battery are calculated; when the real-time temperature rise rate of the energy storage battery exceeds the minimum temperature rise rate threshold, and the temperature rise change rate exceeds the temperature rise change rate threshold, the thermal runaway warning condition of the energy storage battery is triggered, and a corresponding warning signal is issued.

[0025] The early warning method for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery of the present invention continuously monitors the real-time temperature of the energy storage battery during the operation of the energy storage battery, calculates the temperature rise rate and the temperature rise change rate of the real-time temperature data, and compares them with a preset thermal runaway judgment threshold. When the real-time temperature rise rate of the energy storage battery exceeds the minimum temperature rise rate threshold, and the temperature rise change rate exceeds the temperature rise change rate threshold, the thermal runaway warning condition of the energy storage battery is triggered, and a corresponding warning signal is issued. The present invention can timely discover the thermal runaway risk of the energy storage battery by reasonably presetting the thermal runaway judgment threshold and monitoring the temperature data of the energy storage battery in real time. This method combines the two factors of temperature rise rate and temperature rise change rate to improve the accuracy and reliability of the warning.

[0026] The present invention also provides an early warning system for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery, the system comprising a temperature monitoring module, a data processing module and a warning determination and output module, wherein: The temperature monitoring module is used to monitor the real-time temperature of the energy storage battery at the temperature measurement point of the energy storage battery; The data processing module is used to receive the complete temperature data of the energy storage battery obtained by the temperature monitoring module during the charging process when the energy storage battery is stably charged to thermal runaway; extract the battery status characteristics from the complete temperature data; divide the energy storage battery charging process into multiple intervals, and calculate the temperature rise rate data and the temperature rise change rate data in each interval, and combine the calculation results with the standard to preset the thermal runaway judgment threshold of the energy storage battery; The early warning judgment and output module is used to receive the real-time temperature data from the temperature monitoring module, calculate the real-time temperature rise rate and temperature rise change rate of the energy storage battery; compare the real-time temperature rise rate and temperature rise change rate with the preset thermal runaway judgment threshold, and then choose whether to issue a corresponding early warning signal.

[0027] The early warning system for thermal runaway of energy storage batteries of the present invention can send out early warning signals in time to provide basic alarms for subsequent operation and maintenance, thereby effectively preventing thermal runaway accidents of energy storage batteries and ensuring the safety of energy storage systems. Moreover, the system can be applied to different types of energy storage batteries and different application scenarios, and can adapt to the characteristics of different energy storage batteries and the early warning requirements under different charging conditions by adjusting the preset thermal runaway judgment threshold, thus having certain applicability.

[0028] The following is a detailed description of an early warning method and system for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery according to the present invention through specific embodiments.

[0029] First, for the battery model under study, the complete temperature data of the battery from stable charging to thermal runaway is obtained by designing experiments and arranging temperature measurement points. According to the industry standard method, the time point of battery safety valve explosion and battery thermal runaway triggering is determined, and the battery charging process is divided into intervals. In different intervals, the temperature change characteristics are examined respectively, and the battery overcharge detection and thermal runaway early warning rules are established. Finally, in the actual operation of the power station, the battery thermal runaway state is warned early by detecting the battery cell temperature.

[0030] Step 1: Thermal runaway experiment design; like Figure 1As shown, first, design a battery thermal runaway experiment. Select a certain model of battery, and arrange the temperature measurement points as follows: divide the left side of the battery into 9 equal parts, and arrange temperature measurement points 1-5 as shown in the figure; divide the right side of the battery into 9 equal parts, and arrange measurement points 6-10 as shown in the figure; arrange measurement point 11 in front of the battery (positive side); arrange measurement point 12 in the back of the battery (negative side); arrange measurement points 13-14 on the positive and negative pole ears of the battery respectively; and arrange measurement point 15 at the bottom of the battery.

[0031] After the measurement points are arranged, the charging experiment begins. From the SOC=0 state, charge at the designed rate (such as 1C) to SOC=100%; continue charging until the termination condition is reached: the battery reaches a temperature rise rate of 3℃ / s for three consecutive times or catches fire or explodes, or the voltage drops to 0, then the charging experiment is terminated. Collect data from all temperature measurement points, with a sampling period of 1s.

[0032] Step 2: battery status feature extraction; During the experiment, key battery nodes are recorded: the time when the battery charging capacity reaches the rated capacity is the battery full time; the time when the battery safety valve explodes is the explosion time; the battery triggers thermal runaway judgment condition, that is, the time when the battery temperature reaches a temperature rise rate of 3℃ / s or catches fire or explodes for three consecutive times is the thermal runaway time; the time when the battery voltage drops to 0 is the test termination time. Based on the key nodes, the battery charging process is divided into three intervals: the battery is fully charged and before, which is the normal operating condition; the battery is fully charged to the thermal runaway time, which is the overcharge stage; after the battery thermal runaway time, it is the thermal runaway stage.

[0033] The average value of the 15 sets of temperature time series data is taken as the average temperature t .

[0034] Calculate the rate of temperature rise: Divide the time window, such as =60, from No. Starting from the temperature point, calculate the temperature increase rate in the most recent time window, that is, calculate the time ts =[1,2,……, w 1] and t =[ t 1, t 2,……, t 60 ] is a linear function The slope of the parameter is calculated using the least squares principle. and The value of: (1); in, is the linear function relationship between time series and temperature, is the function fitting error, is the slope of the linear function, is a linear function bias.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the temperature increase rate in different time windows is calculated in turn: (2); in, To divide the number of time windows, for The rate of temperature increase within the window.

[0036] Calculate the rate of temperature rise: Divide the time window, such as =60, from No. Starting from the temperature point, calculate the temperature rise rate within the most recent time window, that is, calculate the time ts =[1,2,……, w 2] with t =[ t 1, t 2,……, t 60 ] is a linear function of Slope, calculated using the least squares principle to obtain the parameter and The value of: (3); like Figure 3 As shown, the temperature increase rate in different time windows is calculated: (4); Where, is the rate of temperature increase, n 2 is the number of time windows, for The rate of temperature increase within the window.

[0037] Step 3: Establish thermal runaway threshold; According to the analysis results of step 2, establish the thermal runaway warning threshold.

[0038] According to the relevant standards in this field, the three temperature rise rates monitored on the battery surface are all ≥3℃ / s, which can be used as the thermal runaway judgment condition. The time window divided by this condition and step is used to calculate the minimum temperature rise rate and temperature rise change rate for thermal runaway judgment. and At the same time, the temperature rise rate and the average of the temperature rise change rate in the overcharge stage are used as the threshold basis, and the threshold is calculated as: ; ; Finally, the temperature rise and temperature rise change rate thresholds for battery thermal runaway can be set as: (5); (6); Step 4: Thermal runaway warning: Perform thermal runaway warning based on the threshold set in step 3. During battery operation, continuously monitor battery temperature, calculate the battery temperature rise rate and temperature rise change rate, and when the temperature rise rate is greater than And the temperature change rate is greater than When the battery is faulty, the early warning condition is triggered. At this time, there is a risk of thermal runaway and it needs to be handled according to the battery fault plan to complete subsequent protection and maintenance.

[0039] In summary, the present invention provides an early warning method and system for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery. Through experimental analysis, the battery charging and discharging characteristics are determined, and the operating conditions are calibrated. By dividing the time window, the temperature rise rate and the temperature rise change rate are calculated respectively, that is, the temperature characteristic values ​​under normal operating conditions, electrical abuse conditions, and accident conditions are calculated. According to the standard and calculated characteristic temperature, a thermal runaway warning threshold interval is formulated to warn of thermal runaway during battery operation, thereby improving the safety of the battery and the energy storage system.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the specification and described above, and any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An early warning method for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Preset the thermal runaway judgment threshold of the energy storage battery, the thermal runaway judgment threshold includes the minimum temperature rise rate threshold and the temperature rise change rate threshold; The thermal runaway judgment threshold of the energy storage battery is preset in the following manner: a number of temperature measurement points are arranged on the energy storage battery, the charging process of the energy storage battery is divided into different intervals, and a number of temperature measurement points are monitored to obtain complete temperature data of the energy storage battery from stable charging to thermal runaway; battery status feature extraction is performed on the complete temperature data; the temperature rise rate data and the temperature rise change rate data of the energy storage battery are calculated, and then the thermal runaway judgment threshold of the energy storage battery is preset; S2. During the operation of the energy storage battery, the real-time temperature of the energy storage battery is continuously monitored, and the real-time temperature rise rate and temperature rise change rate of the energy storage battery are calculated; when the real-time temperature rise rate of the energy storage battery exceeds the minimum temperature rise rate threshold, and the temperature rise change rate exceeds the temperature rise change rate threshold, the thermal runaway warning condition of the energy storage battery is triggered, and a corresponding warning signal is issued.

2. The early warning method for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, arranging a plurality of temperature measuring points on the energy storage battery specifically includes: arranging temperature measuring points on both sides, the positive electrode side, the negative electrode side, the positive electrode tab, the negative electrode tab and the bottom of the energy storage battery.

3. The early warning method for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, dividing the energy storage battery charging process into different intervals specifically includes: according to key time nodes in the energy storage battery charging process, dividing the battery charging process into: a normal operating condition interval from the energy storage battery being fully charged to the thermal runaway time, an overcharge interval from the energy storage battery being fully charged to the thermal runaway time, and a thermal runaway interval after the thermal runaway time of the energy storage battery.

4. The early warning method for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S1, the key time nodes in the energy storage battery charging process include battery full charge time, valve explosion time, thermal runaway time and termination time, wherein: battery full charge time is the time when the charging capacity of the energy storage battery reaches the rated capacity, valve explosion time is the time when the safety valve of the energy storage battery explodes, thermal runaway time is the time when three consecutive temperatures of the energy storage battery reach the standard temperature rise rate or catch fire or explode, and termination time is the time when the voltage of the energy storage battery drops to zero.

5. The early warning method for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the standard temperature rise rate of the energy storage battery reached for three consecutive temperatures is not less than 3°C / s.

6. The early warning method for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, extracting battery status features from the complete temperature data includes: taking an average value of the monitored complete temperature data as the average temperature.

7. The early warning method for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S1, calculating the temperature rise rate data of the energy storage battery specifically includes: Divide the time window from No. Starting from the temperature point, calculate the temperature increase rate in the most recent time window, that is, the linear function The slope of the parameter is calculated using the least squares principle. and The value of （1）； in, is the linear function relationship between time series and temperature, is the function fitting error, is the slope of the linear function, is the linear function bias; Calculate the temperature increase rate in different time windows: （2）； in, To divide the number of time windows, for The rate of temperature increase within the window.

8. The early warning method for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S1, calculating the temperature rise rate data of the energy storage battery specifically includes: Divide the time window from No. Starting from the temperature point, calculate the temperature rise rate in the most recent time window, that is, the linear function Slope, calculated using the least squares principle to obtain the parameter and The value of （3）； Calculate the temperature increase rate in different time windows: （4）； Where, is the rate of temperature increase, n 2 is the number of time windows, for The rate of temperature increase within the window.

9. The early warning method for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the thermal runaway judgment threshold of the energy storage battery is preset as follows: （5）； （6）； in, and are the minimum temperature rise rate and temperature rise change rate for thermal runaway determination, and They are the average temperature rise rate and the average temperature rise change rate in the overcharge stage respectively.

10. A system based on the early warning method for thermal runaway of an energy storage battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The system includes a temperature monitoring module, a data processing module, and an early warning determination and output module, wherein: The temperature monitoring module is used to monitor the real-time temperature of the energy storage battery at the temperature measurement point of the energy storage battery; The data processing module is used to receive the complete temperature data of the energy storage battery obtained by the temperature monitoring module during the charging process when the energy storage battery is stably charged to thermal runaway; extract the battery status characteristics from the complete temperature data; divide the energy storage battery charging process into multiple intervals, and calculate the temperature rise rate data and the temperature rise change rate data in each interval, and combine the calculation results with the standard to preset the thermal runaway judgment threshold of the energy storage battery; The early warning judgment and output module is used to receive the real-time temperature data from the temperature monitoring module, calculate the real-time temperature rise rate and temperature rise change rate of the energy storage battery; compare the real-time temperature rise rate and temperature rise change rate with the preset thermal runaway judgment threshold, and then choose whether to issue a corresponding early warning signal.

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