Optical system of monocular binocular telescope

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of optical instruments, and discloses a monocular binocular telescope optical system which comprises an objective lens group, a focusing lens group is arranged on one side of the objective lens group, beam splitter prism groups are arranged on the side, away from the objective lens group, of the focusing lens group, the beam splitter prism groups are symmetrically distributed and are two parallelogram prisms, and the axis of symmetry is the central axis of the focusing lens group. Two reticles are arranged on one side, far away from the focusing lens group, of the beam splitter prism group and respectively correspond to the light path refraction position of the single parallelogram beam splitter prism, an eyepiece group is arranged on one side, far away from the beam splitter prism group, of each reticle, the optical axes of the objective lens group and the focusing lens group are collinear, and the center of each reticle and the optical axis of the corresponding eyepiece of the eyepiece group are collinear. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the beam splitter prism composed of parallelograms effectively shortens the structure of the optical system, realizes image inversion, and also realizes the beneficial effects of single cylinder and binocular. The problems that a common single-tube telescope is too long and inconvenient to use in actual life, and a binocular telescope is heavy in structure and high in cost are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of optical instruments, in particular to a single-tube binocular telescope optical system with ingenious design, compact structure, clear imaging and convenient binocular observation. Background Art

[0002] A telescope is an optical instrument that uses lenses or mirrors to observe distant objects.

[0003] As we all know, the angle of view of distant objects by human eyes is very small, so it is difficult to observe clearly. Therefore, the function of telescope is to magnify the angle of view of distant objects so that human eyes can see the details with very small angle distance. In other words, the telescope collects the light beam which is much larger than the pupil diameter and compresses it into a thin beam and sends it to the human eye, so that the observer can see the details of the object that was not visible before.

[0004] Traditional monocular telescopes usually adopt a monocular observation mode, which is difficult to meet the need to observe with both eyes at the same time. Most existing binocular telescopes adopt a binocular structure. Although they can achieve binocular observation, they are large in size and inconvenient to carry. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a monocular binocular telescope that can achieve binocular observation and is easy to carry.

[0005] For example, the binocular spectroscopic system for a monocular telescope with publication number CN201203704Y achieves the purpose of binocular spectroscopic separation of a single-tube telescope through a combination of very few lenses. The reduction in the number of lenses reduces the weight of the telescope, reduces the production cost of the telescope, reduces the size of the telescope, and makes the telescope easier to move and transport. It is equipped with a steering prism with an advanced structure, which is beneficial to the propagation of light. However, there are still many lenses, and the binoculars use a different optical path structure and have too many light refraction lines. Therefore, the volume requirement for the telescope is still relatively large.

[0006] Another example is a monocular binocular eyepiece set of a monocular telescope and a monocular binocular telescope with publication number CN206115021U. In order to improve the shortcomings of the prior art, a binocular eyepiece set that allows users to watch more comfortably and can be used in a monocular telescope is provided. A monocular binocular eyepiece set with a complete and streamlined structure and optical path and a miniaturized monocular eyepiece set and a telescope equipped with the monocular binocular eyepiece set are provided. However, the optical path of this telescope is still relatively complicated, and the volume requirement for the telescope is still relatively large. In addition, the prism is a triangular prism. Compared with a parallelogram prism, the refracted light is dispersed, and the eyepiece set needs to be refocused for normal viewing. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a single-tube binocular telescope optical system, which realizes binocular observation function under a single-tube structure through ingenious optical design, while ensuring the clarity of imaging and the comfort of observation.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a monocular binocular telescope optical system, comprising an objective lens group, a focusing lens group is provided on one side of the objective lens group, a beam splitter prism group is provided on the side of the focusing lens group away from the objective lens group, the beam splitter prism group is symmetrically distributed and is two parallelogram prisms, the axis of symmetry is the central axis of the focusing lens group, a graticule is provided on the side of the beam splitter prism group away from the focusing lens group, respectively corresponding to the refraction positions of the light paths of the single parallelogram beam splitter prisms, an eyepiece group is provided on the side of the graticule away from the beam splitter prism group, the optical axes of the objective lens group and the focusing lens group are collinear, and the center of the graticule and the optical axis of the eyepiece corresponding to the eyepiece of the eyepiece group are collinear.

[0009] As an improvement, the structure of the objective lens group and the focusing lens group consists of two lens groups with positive and negative optical focal lengths, the positive optical focal length being the objective lens group and the negative optical focal length being the focusing lens group.

[0010] As an improvement, the objective lens group consists of a single lens and a double cemented lens. The single lens helps to control a longer focal length, and the double cemented combination helps to eliminate chromatic aberration, spherical aberration, and the focal length of the objective lens group is positive.

[0011] As an improvement, the range of objective lens group focal length f1 is: 101 <f1<102。

[0012] As an improvement, the focusing lens group is composed of a positive lens and a negative lens glued together. The focal length of the focusing lens group is negative and is used to adjust the focal length of the entire system according to the distance of the observed target to obtain a clear image.

[0013] As an improvement, the focal length f2 range of the focusing lens group is: -34 <f2<-33。

[0014] As an improvement, the parallelogram prism group plays a role in splitting the incident light into two paths through two internal reflections, forming two parallel images required for binocular observation.

[0015] As an improvement, the optical system of the monocular binocular telescope is imaged on the graticule surface, and there is a crosshair on the center surface of the graticule to serve the purpose of aiming.

[0016] As an improvement, the eyepiece set is directly connected to the human eye so that the human eye can directly observe the obtained image.

[0017] As an improvement, the focal length of the eyepiece group is 8 <f5<9。

[0018] The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are: the optical system of the monocular binocular telescope of the present invention realizes binocular observation function under the monocular structure through the optical design of the parallelogram beam splitter prism group, while ensuring the clarity of imaging and the comfort of observation. The beam splitter prism composed of parallelograms effectively shortens the structure of the optical system, realizes the inverted image, and realizes the beneficial effect of monocular binocular; it can solve the beneficial effect that the general monocular telescope in real life is too long and inconvenient, and the binocular binocular telescope structure is bulky and costly. The system has the advantages of compact structure, easy to carry, clear imaging, etc., and is suitable for outdoor exploration, military reconnaissance, scientific research and other fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Two-dimensional structure diagram of the optical system of a monocular telescope

[0020] Figure 2 Grid distortion diagram of a monocular telescope optical system

[0021] Figure 3 Point spread function diagram of a monocular telescope optical system

[0022] Figure 4 A modulation transfer function (MTF) diagram of the optical system of a monocular telescope.

[0023] As shown in the figure: 1. Objective lens group, 2. Focusing lens group, 3. Diagonal prism group, 4. Reticle, 5. Eyepiece group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The present invention is implemented in a specific manner. A monocular telescope optical system includes an objective lens group 1, wherein a focusing lens group 2 is provided on one side of the objective lens group 1, a beam splitter prism group 3 is provided on the side of the focusing lens group 2 away from the objective lens group 1, a graticule 4 is provided on the side of the beam splitter prism group 3 away from the focusing lens group 2, and an eyepiece group 5 is provided on the side of the graticule 4 away from the beam splitter prism group 3.

[0026] Objective lens group 1: As the incident lens of the telescope, it is responsible for collecting and focusing the light from the observation target.

[0027] Focusing lens group 2: Located behind objective lens group 1, it changes the focal length of the entire system by adjusting its position or shape, thereby achieving clear imaging of targets at different distances.

[0028] Beam splitting prism group 3: It is composed of two symmetrically distributed parallelogram prisms, and the axis of symmetry is the central axis of the focusing lens group 2. This prism group plays a beam splitting role, dividing the incident light into two paths through two internal reflections, forming two parallel images required for binocular observation.

[0029] Reticle 4: There are two reticle plates 4, each corresponding to the refraction position of the light path of a single parallelogram beam splitter prism. There is a crosshair on the center surface of the reticle plate 4, which serves as an aiming function.

[0030] Eyepiece group 5: Located behind the reticle 4, it is directly connected to the human eye so that the human eye can directly observe the image. The optical axes of the objective lens group 1 and the focusing lens group 2 are collinear, and the optical axes of the center of the reticle 4 and the corresponding eyepiece of the eyepiece group 5 are also collinear, ensuring the accuracy and clarity of the imaging.

[0031] Further technical features include:

[0032] The structure of the telescope objective lens consists of two lens groups with positive and negative optical focal powers, of which the positive optical focal power is the objective lens group 1, and the negative optical focal power is the focusing lens group 2.

[0033] Objective lens group 1 is composed of a single lens and a double-cemented lens. The single lens helps to control a longer focal length, and the double-cemented lens helps to eliminate aberrations such as chromatic aberration and spherical aberration to ensure imaging quality. The focal length f1 of objective lens group 1 is controlled between 101 and 102.

[0034] The focusing lens group 2 is composed of a positive lens and a negative lens glued together, and its focal length f2 is negative, which is used to adjust the focal length of the entire system according to the distance of the observed target to obtain a clear image. The focal length f2 of the focusing lens group 2 is controlled between -34 and -33.

[0035] The parallelogram prism group 3 ensures a good light splitting effect through precise optical design, while reducing light loss and aberration.

[0036] The focal length f5 of the eyepiece group 5 is controlled between 8 and 9 to provide a suitable magnification and a comfortable observation experience.

[0037] Figure 2 In the grid distortion diagram of the optical system of a monocular telescope, the object is in the infinite simple binocular backup 2.znx1 configuration 1

[0038] Field of view 0.9193w 0.9193h degree

[0039] Image: 3.98w 3.98h mm

[0040] Maximum distortion: 0.1446%

[0041] Zoom: 1.000X, Wavelength: 0.5876um

[0042]

Optical imaging distortion refers to the deviation in shape between the image formed by the optical system and the ideal image. Ideally, after an object with a regular geometric shape is imaged by an optical system, its image should have a similar geometric shape to the original object, but may change in size, position, etc. However, due to the characteristics of the optical system itself, distortion will occur during actual imaging, causing the shape of the image to be distorted. The smaller the distortion value, the better, and the design result is almost close to the ideal state. The field of view is the range of observation; the size of the image is affected by the field of view aperture.

[0043] Figure 3 Point spread function diagram of the optical system of a monocular telescope in infinite single and simple binocular configuration 1

[0044] Field of view: 0.0000(deg)

[0045] Wavelength: Polychromatic Linear X-section, Center row

[0046] [Point Spread Function (PSF) is a function used to describe the imaging of a point light source by an optical system. Ideally, a point light source should still be a point after being imaged by an optical system, but due to factors such as aberrations and diffraction in the optical system, the image formed by the point light source will spread into a light spot. The point spread function is a function that describes the light intensity distribution of this light spot. It reflects the imaging performance of an optical system and is one of the key factors in evaluating the imaging quality of an optical system. If the light spot of the point spread function is relatively small and concentrated, it means that the optical system has a clear image. The point spread function is also closely related to the resolution of the optical system. Generally speaking, the narrower the point spread function, the higher the resolution of the optical system. ]

[0047] Figure 4 Monocular telescope optical system modulation transfer function MTF diagram object in infinite single simple binocular each copy 2.zmx1 configuration 1

[0048] Data 0.4861 to 0.6563um.

[0049] Face: Like

[0050] The optical transfer function is a function that takes spatial frequency as a variable and characterizes the relative changes in modulation and lateral phase shift during the imaging process. It is a filtering transformation of the spatial spectrum by the optical system. In the process of optical system design, the imaging quality and performance of the system can be improved by calculating and optimizing the optical transfer function. During the design, the parameters of the optical system, such as the curvature, thickness, and refractive index of the lens, can be adjusted according to the required imaging effect and resolution requirements to obtain an ideal optical transfer function curve.

[0051] Working principle of the present invention: The working principle of a monocular binocular optical system is mainly based on the principle of optical imaging. Through a combination of a series of lenses and prisms, distant targets are imaged in front of the observer's eyes, and binocular observation is achieved at the same time. Specifically, its working principle is as follows:

[0052] Light collection and focusing:

[0053] When light is emitted from a distant target, it is first received by objective lens group 1. Objective lens group 1 consists of multiple lenses, and its design purpose is to focus parallel light on one point to form a clear inverted real image.

[0054] The focal length and lens combination of objective lens group 1 are precisely calculated to ensure effective control of longer focal lengths and eliminate aberrations such as chromatic aberration and spherical aberration, thereby obtaining high-quality imaging. In clear weather conditions, the diameter of a hair 5 kilometers away can be observed.

[0055] Focus adjustment:

[0056] The focusing lens group 2 is located behind the objective lens group 1. Its function is to adjust the focal length of the entire system according to the distance of the observed target. The focusing lens group 2 is composed of a positive lens and a negative lens glued together. By changing the relative position or overall position of the lenses, the focal length can be continuously adjusted.

[0057] When the distance of the observed target changes, the focusing lens group 2 can be adjusted to ensure that the image is always clear.

[0058] Spectroscopic and binocular observation:

[0059] The beam splitter prism group 3 is composed of two symmetrically distributed parallelogram prisms, and its axis of symmetry is the central axis of the focusing lens group 2. The prism group splits the incident light into two paths through two internal reflections to form two parallel images required for binocular observation. The side length of the parallelogram is determined according to the diameter of the incident surface of the parallelogram when the light beam runs to the parallelogram.

[0060] The design of the beam splitter prism group 3 ensures that there is no difference between the images seen by the left and right eyes, thereby achieving the function of binocular observation.

[0061] Aim and Observe:

[0062] The reticle 4 is located behind the beam splitter prism group 3 and is provided with a crosshair or other marks for aiming. The telescope system is imaged on the reticle 4, so that the observer can accurately aim through the marks on the reticle.

[0063] The eyepiece group 5 is located behind the graticule 4 and is directly connected to the human eye. The eyepiece group 5 further magnifies the image after passing through the beam splitting prism group and the graticule, and corrects it to a range suitable for human eye observation.

[0064] Table 1 Lens data of a monocular telescope optical system

[0065]

[0066] Example:

[0067] Embodiment 1:

[0068] A monocular binocular optical system comprises an objective lens group 1, a focusing lens group 2 is arranged on one side of the objective lens group 1, a beam splitter prism group 3 is arranged on the side of the focusing lens group 2 away from the objective lens group 1, a graticule 4 is arranged on the side of the beam splitter prism group 3 away from the focusing lens group 2, and an eyepiece group 5 is arranged on the side of the graticule 4 away from the beam splitter prism group 3.

[0069] Objective lens group 1: consists of two double-cemented lenses and one single lens, with a focal length of f1 = 101.5 mm.

[0070] Focusing lens group 2: It is composed of a positive lens and a negative lens glued together, with a focal length of f2 = -33.5mm.

[0071] Beam splitter prism set 3: It consists of two symmetrically distributed parallelogram prisms to ensure good beam splitting effect.

[0072] Reticle 4: Each reticle is provided with a crosshair for aiming.

[0073] Eyepiece group 5: composed of multiple lenses, focal length f5 = 8.5mm, providing appropriate magnification and comfortable observation experience.

[0074] Embodiment 2:

[0075] A monocular binocular optical system comprises an objective lens group 1, a focusing lens group 2 is arranged on one side of the objective lens group 1, a beam splitter prism group 3 is arranged on the side of the focusing lens group 2 away from the objective lens group 1, a graticule 4 is arranged on the side of the beam splitter prism group 3 away from the focusing lens group 2, and an eyepiece group 5 is arranged on the side of the graticule 4 away from the beam splitter prism group 3.

[0076] Objective lens group 1: consists of three double-cemented lenses and one single lens, with a focal length of f1 = 101.8 mm.

[0077] Focusing lens group 2: It is composed of a positive lens and a negative lens glued together, with a focal length of f2 = -33.8mm.

[0078] Beam splitter prism group 3: uses high-precision processing technology to ensure a more accurate beam splitting effect.

[0079] Reticle 4: Each reticle is provided with fine scale lines for precise aiming.

[0080] Eyepiece group 5: It is composed of multiple high-transmittance lenses with a focal length of f5=8.8mm, providing higher magnification and clearer imaging.

[0081] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features, and in the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0082] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0083] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0084] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0085] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and intent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monocular telescope optical system, comprising an objective lens group (1), characterized in that: A focusing lens group (2) is provided on one side of the objective lens group (1), a beam splitting prism group (3) is provided on the side of the focusing lens group (2) away from the objective lens group (1), the beam splitting prism group (3) is symmetrically distributed, the axis of symmetry is the central axis of the focusing lens group (2), a graticule (4) is provided on the side of the beam splitting prism group (3) away from the focusing lens group (2), the graticule (4) is respectively arranged corresponding to the refraction position of the light path of a single parallelogram beam splitting prism, an eyepiece group (5) is provided on the side of the graticule (4) away from the beam splitting prism group (3), the optical axes of the objective lens group (1) and the focusing lens group (2) are collinear, and the center of the graticule (4) and the optical axis of the eyepiece corresponding to the eyepiece of the eyepiece group (5) are collinear.

2. A monocular telescope optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The objective lens group (1) and the focusing lens group (2) are composed of two lens groups with positive and negative optical focal lengths, the positive optical focal length is the objective lens group (1), and the negative optical focal length is the focusing lens group (2).

3. The monocular telescope optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The objective lens group (1) is composed of a single lens and a double-cemented lens. The single lens helps to control a longer focal length, and the double-cemented lens helps to eliminate chromatic aberration and spherical aberration. The focal length of the objective lens group (1) is positive.

4. The monocular telescope optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Objective lens group (1) focal length f1 range: 101 <f(1)<102。 5. The monocular telescope optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The focusing lens group (2) is formed by gluing a positive lens and a negative lens together. The focal length of the focusing lens group (2) is negative and is used to adjust the focal length of the entire system according to the distance of the observed target to obtain clear imaging.

6. A monocular telescope optical system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Focusing lens group (2) focal length f2 range: -34 <f(2)<-33。 7. The monocular telescope optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light splitting prism group (3) is a parallelogram.

8. The monocular telescope optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical system of the monocular binocular telescope forms an image on the surface of a graticule plate (4). A crosshair is provided on the central surface of the graticule plate (4) to play a role in aiming. The eyepiece group (5) is directly connected to the human eye so that the human eye can directly observe the obtained image.

9. The monocular telescope optical system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Eyepiece set (5) focal length, 8 <f(5)<9。

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