Fishway inlet flow velocity adjusting system and method based on fish induction flow velocity

Abstract

The invention discloses a fishway inlet flow velocity adjusting system and method based on fish induction flow velocity, and relates to the technical field of data processing. Firstly, environment and fish information comprehensive data of a fishway subordinate area are collected and analyzed, then target flow velocity adjustment parameters of the fishway subordinate area are obtained through matching, first fishway inlet flow velocity adjustment is carried out, a fish migration rule can be better understood, and therefore a more accurate flow velocity adjustment strategy is achieved; then analyzing the fishway operation parameters of the fishway membership area after the first adjustment and performing the second adjustment, continuously optimizing the flow velocity adjustment parameters, improving the fish luring effect of the fishway, and finally collecting the environment and fish information comprehensive data of the fishway membership area after the second adjustment and the fishway operation parameters of the fishway membership area so as to improve the fish luring effect of the fishway. The environment change can be quickly responded, the fish safety passing rate is improved, and therefore the fish passing effect of the fishway affiliated area is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and in particular to a fishway inlet flow rate regulating system and method based on fish-sensing flow rate. Background Art

[0002] In the field of flow rate regulation technology for fishway inlets, data analysis technology can be used to monitor and process fishway data, so as to timely adjust the flow rate at the fishway inlet. If the flow rate regulation effect at the fishway inlet is not good, it may cause fish to have difficulty in passing through the fishway smoothly due to excessively fast or slow flow rate. Fish may remain, migrate or give up entering the fishway, which may affect the genetic exchange between fish groups in different waters and lead to a decrease in the overall genetic diversity of the population.

[0003] The prior art, such as a fishway effect evaluation method and system disclosed in a patent application with publication number: CN115187082A, comprises the following steps: determining a fishway effect evaluation index system, the fishway effect evaluation index system comprising a fish passability index system and a fishway hydraulic condition evaluation index system; determining a method for calculating suitable values ​​corresponding to the fishway effect evaluation index system; determining a division standard for evaluation based on suitable values; collecting basic index data of the fishway effect evaluation system; calculating suitable values ​​corresponding to the fishway effect evaluation index system; and generating evaluation results of the fishway effect evaluation system based on the division standard.

[0004] Prior art, such as a patent application with publication number: CN116362713A, discloses a smart fishway operation and maintenance method and system based on machine learning, the method comprising: obtaining monitoring point coordinate information and corresponding water level monitoring information; the wireless network transmits the water level monitoring information to the data receiving unit, and the data operation unit calculates the water level calculation information data corresponding to the pool chamber monitoring point; according to different boundary conditions, the mapping coefficients of the water level monitoring information and the water level calculation information data are determined, and compared and matched; when the difference exceeds a preset threshold, the data operation unit uses a machine learning algorithm to determine the location of damage or obstacle blockage in each fishway pool chamber in turn, and corrects the monitoring point coordinates and water level calculation information data of the corresponding pool chamber; the operation and maintenance prompt unit transmits the damage condition and obstacle blockage condition in the fishway pool chamber to the monitoring terminal, and performs operation and maintenance processing measures.

[0005] Combining the above solutions, it is found that in the current field of fishway inlet flow rate regulation technology, usually only the fishway effect and the damage of the fishway are analyzed, and it is impossible to accurately adjust the fishway inlet flow rate in combination with the comprehensive fish information data and the environment, which may cause fish to be unable to pass through the fishway smoothly, affecting fish migration and reproduction, resulting in a decrease in fish biodiversity and affecting the health of the ecosystem. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a fishway inlet flow rate regulation system and method based on fish-sensing flow rate, which can effectively solve the problems involved in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a fishway inlet flow rate regulation system based on fish-sensing flow rate, including a data acquisition module, which is used to collect comprehensive data on the environment and fish information of the fishway area, analyze and obtain the comprehensive index value of the fishway information of the fishway area, and then match the target flow rate regulation parameters of the fishway area, and perform the first fishway inlet flow rate regulation.

[0008] The fishway effect analysis module is used to analyze the fishway operation parameters of the fishway belonging area after the first adjustment, obtain the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area, and perform the second adjustment according to the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area.

[0009] The early warning prompt module is used to collect the comprehensive data of the environment and fish information of the fishway area after the second adjustment and the fishway operation parameters of the fishway area, obtain the comprehensive index value of the fishway information of the fishway area after the second adjustment and the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area, and then conduct a comprehensive analysis to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway adjustment effect in the fishway area, and issue an early warning prompt.

[0010] Furthermore, the analysis obtains a comprehensive index value of fishway information in the fishway area, and the specific process is: the comprehensive data of the environment and fish information in the fishway area includes the perceived flow velocity of each type of fish in the fishway area, the limiting flow velocity of each type of fish in the fishway area and the average inlet flow velocity of the fishway area.

[0011] Several supervision cycles are set, and the average inlet flow velocity of the fishway area, the perceived flow velocity of each type of fish in the fishway area and the limit flow velocity of each type of fish in the fishway area within each supervision cycle are comprehensively analyzed to obtain the comprehensive index value of fishway information in the fishway area.

[0012] Furthermore, the first fishway inlet flow rate adjustment is performed, and the specific process is: adding the target flow rate adjustment parameter of the fishway belonging area and the corresponding flow rate parameter of the current fishway belonging area as the adjusted flow rate parameter of the fishway belonging area, and adjusting the fishway inlet flow rate according to the adjusted flow rate parameter of the fishway belonging area.

[0013] The adjusted flow rate parameters of the fishway belonging area include the adjusted unit power generation water discharge volume and the adjusted sluice gate water replenishment volume.

[0014] By controlling the adjustable gates and valves set at the fishway inlet, the unit's power generation discharge and the sluice gate's water replenishment are adjusted, thereby controlling the flow rate at the fishway inlet.

[0015] Furthermore, the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area is obtained by statistically analyzing the fishway operation parameters of the fishway area during each supervision cycle, including the number of fish swimming into the fishway area, the number of fish swimming out of the fishway area, the average flow velocity change rate of the fishway area and the average inlet flow velocity of the fishway area.

[0016] The number of fish swimming in and the number of fish swimming out of the fishway area are added up to obtain the total number of fish swimming in and the total number of fish swimming out of the fishway area during each supervision period.

[0017] The ratio of the total number of fish swimming out of the fishway area during each regulatory cycle to the total number of fish swimming into the fishway area during each regulatory cycle is taken as the fish passage rate of the fishway area during each regulatory cycle.

[0018] A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the fish passage rate of the fishway area, the average flow velocity change rate of the fishway area and the average inlet flow velocity of the fishway area during each supervision period to obtain the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area.

[0019] Furthermore, the second adjustment is performed according to the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area, and the specific process is: comparing the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area with the set fish passing effect evaluation threshold; if the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area is higher than or equal to the set fish passing effect evaluation threshold, a prompt is directly given; if the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area is lower than the set fish passing effect evaluation threshold, the fishway belonging area is adjusted for the second time.

[0020] Furthermore, the second adjustment of the fishway belonging area is specifically carried out as follows: the spray device parameters of the fishway belonging area and the fish attracting flow rate parameters of the fishway inlet are obtained according to the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area, and the spray device of the fishway belonging area and the fish attracting flow rate parameters of the fishway inlet are adjusted according to the spray device parameters of the fishway belonging area and the fish attracting flow rate parameters of the fishway inlet.

[0021] The spray device parameters of the fishway belonging area include the number of nozzles of the spray device, the spray angle and the spray intensity.

[0022] By controlling the adjustable gates and valves set at the fishway inlet, the unit's power discharge and the sluice gate's water replenishment are adjusted, thereby controlling the fish-attracting flow rate and the fish-attracting flow rate at the fishway inlet when the water level is high.

[0023] Adjust the number of nozzles, spray angle and spray intensity of the spray device in the fishway area.

[0024] Furthermore, the comprehensive analysis obtains a comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway area to which the fishway belongs, and issues an early warning prompt. The specific process is: comparing the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway area to which the fishway belongs with the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of the fishway regulation effect. If the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway area to which the fishway belongs is higher than or equal to the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of the fishway regulation effect, a prompt is directly issued. If the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway area to which the fishway belongs is lower than the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of the fishway regulation effect, the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway area to which the fishway belongs is compared with the set fish passing effect evaluation threshold.

[0025] If the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area is higher than or equal to the set fish passage effect evaluation threshold, the staff will be prompted; if the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area is lower than the set fish passage effect evaluation threshold, the fishway area will be adjusted for the third time, and the comprehensive data of the environment and fish information of the fishway area after the third adjustment and the fishway operation parameters of the fishway area will be analyzed to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway adjustment effect of the fishway area after the third adjustment and issue an early warning.

[0026] Furthermore, the comprehensive evaluation value of fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area after the third adjustment is obtained and an early warning is given. The specific process is: comparing the comprehensive evaluation value of fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area after the third adjustment with the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of fishway regulation effect. If the comprehensive evaluation value of fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area after the third adjustment is higher than or equal to the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of fishway regulation effect, no prompt is required. If the comprehensive evaluation value of fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area after the third adjustment is lower than the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of fishway regulation effect, an early warning is given to the staff.

[0027] Furthermore, the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect in the fishway-affiliated area is specifically analyzed under the following conditions:

[0028] Wherein, ρ represents the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect in the fishway area, A represents the comprehensive index value of the fishway information in the fishway area, μ1 represents the weight factor corresponding to the set comprehensive index value of the fishway information, B represents the fish passage effect evaluation value in the fishway area, μ2 represents the weight factor corresponding to the set fish passage effect evaluation value, and e represents a natural constant.

[0029] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for regulating the flow rate at the fishway inlet based on fish-sensing flow rate, comprising: collecting comprehensive data on the environment and fish information of the fishway area, analyzing to obtain a comprehensive index value of the fishway information of the fishway area, and then matching to obtain a target flow rate regulation parameter of the fishway area, and performing the first fishway inlet flow rate regulation.

[0030] The fishway operation parameters of the fishway belonging area after the first adjustment are analyzed to obtain the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area, and the second adjustment is performed according to the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area.

[0031] The comprehensive data of environment and fish information of the fishway area after the second adjustment and the fishway operation parameters of the fishway area are collected to obtain the comprehensive index value of fishway information of the fishway area after the second adjustment and the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area, and then a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway adjustment effect in the fishway area, and an early warning prompt is issued.

[0032] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] (1) The present invention provides a fishway inlet flow rate regulation system and method based on fish-sensing flow rate. First, the comprehensive index value of the fishway information of the fishway-affiliated area is analyzed to improve the accuracy of flow rate regulation. Then, the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway-affiliated area is analyzed to provide a data basis for the second flow rate regulation, further improving the fish attracting effect of the fishway. Finally, the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway-affiliated area is analyzed to effectively improve the fish attracting effect of the fishway and optimize the flow rate setting of the fishway.

[0034] (2) The present invention obtains the comprehensive index value of the fishway information of the fishway-affiliated area through analysis and performs the first flow rate adjustment at the fishway inlet. It can monitor the environmental changes of the fishway, identify the flow rate requirements of different fish species, and provide data support for flow rate adjustment, so that the flow rate at the fishway inlet is more in line with the natural habits of fish and improves the migration and habitat efficiency of fish.

[0035] (3) The present invention obtains the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area through analysis and performs a second adjustment, so as to more accurately understand the habitat habits and activity patterns of fish, and more effectively simulate the natural migration behavior of fish when adjusting the flow rate, thereby improving the fish attracting effect and increasing the probability of fish passing through the fishway. It can reduce the situation of fish retention or loss caused by inappropriate flow rate, and improve the flexibility and pertinence of flow rate adjustment.

[0036] (4) The present invention obtains a comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway-affiliated area through analysis, and issues early warning prompts. It analyzes the regulation effect of the fishway and issues further adjustment early warning prompts. When it is found that the fishway has a poor fish passing effect, an alarm can be issued in time, which can help to adjust the operating parameters in time, thereby effectively reducing the impact of unexpected situations on the survival and migration of fish.

[0037] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of system module connection of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is an example diagram of the comprehensive evaluation value of the fish pass regulation effect in the fish pass area.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a baffle-type fishway.

[0042] In the figure, 1 is the fishway inlet, 2 is the fishway chamber, 3 is the resting pool, 4 is the outlet trash rack, 5 is the fish-attracting flow rate at the fishway inlet when the water level is high, and 6 is the fish-attracting flow rate at the fishway inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] See also Figure 1 As shown, the first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution: a fishway inlet flow rate regulation system based on fish-sensing flow rate, including a data acquisition module, for collecting comprehensive data of the environment and fish information of the fishway area, analyzing to obtain the comprehensive index value of the fishway information of the fishway area, and then matching to obtain the target flow rate regulation parameters of the fishway area, and performing the first fishway inlet flow rate regulation.

[0045] It should be noted that the target flow rate adjustment parameters of the fishway belonging area are obtained by matching. The specific process is to construct a mapping set between the fishway information comprehensive index value interval of the fishway belonging area and its corresponding target flow rate adjustment parameters of the fishway belonging area, input the real-time fishway information comprehensive index value of the fishway belonging area, match the interval where the fishway information comprehensive index value of the fishway belonging area is located, and obtain the target flow rate adjustment parameters of the fishway belonging area corresponding to the fishway information comprehensive index value of the fishway belonging area through the mapping set.

[0046] The fishway effect analysis module is used to analyze the fishway operation parameters of the fishway belonging area after the first adjustment, obtain the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area, and perform the second adjustment according to the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area.

[0047] The early warning prompt module is used to collect the comprehensive data of the environment and fish information of the fishway area after the second adjustment and the fishway operation parameters of the fishway area, obtain the comprehensive index value of the fishway information of the fishway area after the second adjustment and the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area, and then conduct a comprehensive analysis to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway adjustment effect in the fishway area, and issue an early warning prompt.

[0048] It should be noted that the fishway in this scheme adopts an L-shaped baffle type. Since the mainstream of the H-shaped baffle chamber has a large degree of distortion at the front edge of the vertical seam, while the mainstream of the L-shaped baffle is relatively smooth, which is more conducive to fish upstream, this scheme adopts the L-shaped baffle as the baffle type. The fishway belonging areas include the fishway inlet, fishway chamber, rest pool, sprinkler, fishway outlet and gate.

[0049] Specifically, the comprehensive index value of the fishway information of the fishway area is analyzed, and the specific process is: the comprehensive data of the environment and fish information of the fishway area include the perceived flow velocity of each type of fish in the fishway area, the limiting flow velocity of each type of fish in the fishway area and the average inlet flow velocity of the fishway area.

[0050] Several supervision cycles are set, and the average inlet flow velocity of the fishway area, the perceived flow velocity of each type of fish in the fishway area and the limit flow velocity of each type of fish in the fishway area within each supervision cycle are comprehensively analyzed to obtain the comprehensive index value of fishway information in the fishway area.

[0051] It should be noted that the average inlet flow velocity of the fishway area within each regulatory period refers to the average water flow velocity in the fishway inlet area within a certain regulatory period. The water flow velocity is directly measured using a mechanical or electronic flow meter, and the average value is taken to obtain the average water flow velocity. The perceived flow velocity of each type of fish in the fishway area refers to the water flow velocity that each type of fish can perceive, which is usually obtained by observing the behavioral responses of fish under different flow conditions. The limiting flow velocity of each type of fish in the fishway area refers to the maximum water flow velocity that each type of fish can withstand when swimming. Fish may not be able to swim beyond this speed, which is usually determined through experiments. The flow velocity is gradually increased in the experimental tank, and the maximum flow velocity at which the fish can maintain swimming is recorded to obtain the limiting flow velocity of the fish.

[0052] The comprehensive index value of fishway information in the fishway region is obtained by analyzing the comprehensive data of the environment and fish information in the fishway region, and is used to comprehensively quantify the influence of the average inlet flow velocity in the fishway region on the evaluation accuracy of the comprehensive index value of fishway information. It can be obtained by the following analysis method, and the specific analysis conditions are as follows:

[0053]

[0054] Where A represents the comprehensive index value of fishway information in the area to which the fishway belongs, a i→1 represents the average inlet velocity of the fishway area in the ith supervision cycle, Δa1 represents the set reference inlet velocity, Indicates the correction factor corresponding to the set inlet flow rate, a ij→2 represents the perceived flow velocity of the j-th type of fish in the fishway area during the i-th supervision period, Indicates the correction factor corresponding to the set perceived flow rate, a ij→3 represents the limiting flow velocity of the j-th type of fish in the fishway area within the i-th supervision period, It represents the correction factor corresponding to the set limit flow rate, i represents the number of the area to which each fishway belongs, i=1,2,3,…n, n represents the total number of areas to which the fishway belongs, j represents the number of each type of fish, j=1,2,3,…m, m represents the total number of fish types, and e represents a natural constant.

[0055] It should be noted that the survival and reproduction capabilities of fish will be affected under different flow rates. When the flow rate at the fishway inlet is close to the reference inlet flow rate, the fish's habitat and migration behaviors will be optimized. For example, an inlet flow rate that is too fast or too slow may affect the fish's swimming ability, and thus affect the number of fish swimming into the fishway. A smaller perceived flow rate by fish indicates that the fish can detect slight changes in water flow and respond adaptively. A larger limit flow rate for fish indicates that the fish can survive in a larger flow rate. When the fish's perceived flow rate is small and the limit flow rate is large, it means that the fish has good adaptability and can adapt to a wider range of water flow environments, from low flow rate to high flow rate. In a low flow rate environment, fish can still perceive changes in water flow, and in a high flow rate environment, fish can also swim effectively, which can improve the survival ability of fish in the ecosystem.

[0056] It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the correction factor corresponding to the preset inlet flow rate, the correction factor corresponding to the perceived flow rate and the correction factor corresponding to the limit flow rate are obtained from the flow rate regulation database, and the correction factor corresponding to the inlet flow rate, the correction factor corresponding to the perceived flow rate and the correction factor corresponding to the limit flow rate are all numbers between 0 and 1.

[0057] It should be noted that the correction factor corresponding to the inlet flow velocity represents the numerical value of the influence of the average inlet flow velocity of the fishway belonging area on the comprehensive index value of the fishway information of the fishway belonging area, the correction factor corresponding to the perceived flow velocity represents the numerical value of the influence of the perceived flow velocity of each type of fish in the fishway belonging area on the comprehensive index value of the fishway information of the fishway belonging area, and the correction factor corresponding to the limit flow velocity represents the numerical value of the influence of the limit flow velocity of each type of fish in the fishway belonging area on the comprehensive index value of the fishway information of the fishway belonging area. These corresponding relationships are pre-set mapping relationships. For example, the average inlet flow velocity of the fishway belonging area and the correction factor corresponding to the preset inlet flow velocity obtained from the flow velocity regulation database form a mapping set, and the real-time average inlet flow velocity of the fishway belonging area is input into the mapping set to obtain the correction factor corresponding to the inlet flow velocity of the fishway belonging area.

[0058] It should be added that there is a correlation between the average inlet flow velocity in the fishway area during each regulatory period, the perceived flow velocity of each type of fish and the limit flow velocity of each type of fish, and they do not exist independently. For example, when the average inlet flow velocity is higher than the maximum value of the limit flow velocity of each type of fish, the fishway will become unsuitable for each type of fish, resulting in the inability of fish to enter the fishway, affecting the ecological balance.

[0059] It should be noted that by analyzing the average inlet flow velocity in the fishway area during each regulatory cycle, the impact of flow velocity changes on the fishway ecosystem can be discovered in a timely manner. By analyzing the perceived flow velocity of various types of fish in the fishway area during each regulatory cycle and the limiting flow velocity of various types of fish in the fishway area during each regulatory cycle, the impact of flow velocity on fish can be identified in a timely manner, helping to determine the appropriate flow velocity range, thereby optimizing the fishway flow velocity and improving the fish passage rate.

[0060] In this implementation plan, a comprehensive analysis is conducted on the average inlet flow velocity of the fishway area during each regulatory period, the perceived flow velocity of each type of fish and the limiting flow velocity of each type of fish to obtain a comprehensive index value of fishway information in the fishway area, which can provide more accurate data support for flow velocity regulation in the fishway and achieve precise management of flow velocity.

[0061] Specifically, the first flow rate adjustment of the fishway inlet is performed, and the specific process is: adding the target flow rate adjustment parameter of the fishway belonging area and the flow rate parameter of the corresponding current fishway belonging area as the adjusted flow rate parameter of the fishway belonging area, and adjusting the fishway inlet flow rate according to the adjusted flow rate parameter of the fishway belonging area.

[0062] It should be added that the target flow rate regulation parameters include the unit power generation discharge adjustment amount and the sluice gate water replenishment adjustment amount, the flow rate parameters of the current fishway belonging area include the current unit power generation discharge amount and the current sluice gate water replenishment amount, and the flow rate parameters of the current fishway belonging area are recorded by the flow meters installed at the unit and the gate.

[0063] The adjusted flow rate parameters of the fishway belonging area include the adjusted unit power generation water discharge volume and the adjusted sluice gate water replenishment volume.

[0064] By controlling the adjustable gates and valves set at the fishway inlet, the unit's power generation discharge and the sluice gate's water replenishment are adjusted, thereby controlling the flow rate at the fishway inlet.

[0065] It should be added that regulating the unit's power generation discharge and the sluice gate's water replenishment refers to adjusting the unit's power generation discharge and the sluice gate's water replenishment to the adjusted flow velocity parameters of the fishway's affiliated area.

[0066] It should be added that the unit's power generation discharge refers to the flow rate of a certain amount of water discharged by the turbine to generate electricity during the power generation process, and the sluice gate water replenishment refers to the amount of water introduced through the sluice gate to compensate for the amount of water reduced due to the unit's power generation discharge.

[0067] Specifically, the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area is obtained. The specific process is: during each supervision period, the fishway operation parameters of the fishway area are counted, including the number of fish swimming into the fishway area, the number of fish swimming out of the fishway area, the average flow velocity change rate of the fishway area and the average inlet flow velocity of the fishway area.

[0068] The number of fish swimming in and the number of fish swimming out of the fishway area are added up to obtain the total number of fish swimming in and the total number of fish swimming out of the fishway area during each supervision period.

[0069] It should be noted that the total number of fish swimming into and out of the fishway area during each supervision period can be counted through electronic fish counters installed at the entrance and exit of the fishway.

[0070] The ratio of the total number of fish swimming out of the fishway area during each regulatory cycle to the total number of fish swimming into the fishway area during each regulatory cycle is taken as the fish passage rate of the fishway area during each regulatory cycle.

[0071] A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the fish passage rate of the fishway area, the average flow velocity change rate of the fishway area and the average inlet flow velocity of the fishway area during each supervision period to obtain the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area.

[0072] In this implementation scheme, by analyzing the average inlet flow velocity of the fishway area during each regulatory period to obtain a comprehensive index value of fishway information, the impact of flow velocity changes on the fishway ecosystem can be discovered in time, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the fishway flow velocity. By analyzing the average inlet flow velocity of the fishway area during each regulatory period to obtain a fish passing effect evaluation value, the convergence effect of fish when entering the fishway entrance can be evaluated, and then the spray device of the fishway can be adjusted to achieve the purpose of improving the fish passing effect of the fishway.

[0073] It should be noted that the average velocity change rate of the fishway region within each supervision period refers to the degree of change of the velocity in the fishway region at different time points within the supervision period. In a specific embodiment, five measuring points are set at five different locations in the fishway region. At each selected measuring point within the supervision period, a flow meter is used to record the velocity data at each time point. The velocity at the five measuring points measured at time point 1 is 3.0 m / s, 3.2 m / s, 2.8 m / s, 3.1 m / s, respectively. s and 2.9m / s, the average value is 3.0m / s for the average flow velocity at time point 1, and the flow velocities at the five measuring points measured at time point 2 are 3.5m / s, 3.4m / s, 3.6m / s, 3.3m / s and 3.7m / s respectively. The average value is 3.5m / s for the average flow velocity at time point 2 and the average velocity at time point 1. The difference between the average flow velocity at time point 2 and the average velocity at time point 1 is recorded as the flow velocity change, and the ratio of the flow velocity change to the average velocity at time point 1 is taken as the average flow velocity change rate.

[0074] The fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area represents the numerical quantification result of the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area obtained by analyzing the fishway operation parameters of the fishway belonging area, and is used to comprehensively quantify the influence of the average flow velocity change rate of the fishway belonging area on the evaluation accuracy of the fish passage effect evaluation value. It can be obtained by the following analysis method, and the specific analysis conditions are as follows:

[0075]

[0076] Where B represents the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area, b i→1 represents the fish passage rate in the fishway area during the ith supervision period, ω1 represents the compensation factor corresponding to the set fish passage rate, and b i→2 represents the average velocity change rate of the fishway area within the ith supervision period, ω2 represents the compensation factor corresponding to the set velocity change rate, and a i→1 represents the average inlet flow velocity of the fishway area during the i-th supervision cycle, Δa1 represents the set reference inlet flow velocity, ω3 represents the compensation factor corresponding to the set inlet flow velocity, i represents the number of each fishway area, i=1,2,3,…n, n represents the total number of fishway areas, and e represents a natural constant.

[0077] It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the preset compensation factors corresponding to the fish passage rate, the compensation factors corresponding to the flow velocity change rate and the compensation factors corresponding to the inlet flow velocity are obtained from the flow velocity regulation database, and the compensation factors corresponding to the fish passage rate, the compensation factors corresponding to the flow velocity change rate and the inlet flow velocity are all numbers between 0 and 1.

[0078] It should be noted that the compensation factor corresponding to the fish passage rate represents the numerical value of the influence of the fish passage rate of the fishway area on the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area, the compensation factor corresponding to the flow velocity change rate represents the numerical value of the influence of the average flow velocity change rate of the fishway area on the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area, and the compensation factor corresponding to the inlet flow velocity represents the numerical value of the influence of the average inlet flow velocity of the fishway area on the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area. These corresponding relationships are pre-set mapping relationships. For example, the fish passage rate of the fishway area and the compensation factor corresponding to the preset fish passage rate obtained from the flow velocity regulation database form a mapping set, and the real-time fish passage rate of the fishway area is input into the mapping set to obtain the compensation factor corresponding to the fish passage rate of the fishway area.

[0079] It should be added that there is a correlation between the fish passage rate, the average flow velocity change rate and the average inlet flow velocity in the fishway area within each regulatory cycle, and they do not exist independently. For example, there is a negative correlation between the fish passage rate and the average flow velocity change rate. When the average flow velocity change rate increases, the fish may feel uncomfortable, resulting in a decrease in the fish passage rate. When the flow velocity is fast or changes greatly, it is difficult for fish to swim, which in turn affects the efficiency of fish passing through the fishway.

[0080] It should be noted that by analyzing the fish passage rate in the fishway area during each regulatory cycle, real-time data feedback can be provided for the management and maintenance of the fishway, and corresponding adjustments and improvements can be made. By analyzing the average flow velocity change rate in the fishway area during each regulatory cycle, the fish passage capacity at different flow rates can be evaluated. By analyzing the average inlet flow velocity in the fishway area during each regulatory cycle, the convergence effect of fish when entering the fishway entrance can be evaluated. Appropriate inlet flow velocity can attract more fish into the fishway and increase the passage rate.

[0081] In this implementation plan, a comprehensive analysis is conducted on the fish passage rate, average flow velocity change rate and average inlet flow velocity in the fishway area during each regulatory period to obtain an evaluation value of the fish passage effect in the fishway area, which can be used to evaluate the fish passage effect of the fishway and then optimize the fishway.

[0082] Specifically, a second adjustment is made according to the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway area. The specific process is: compare the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway area with the set fish passing effect evaluation threshold. If the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway area is higher than or equal to the set fish passing effect evaluation threshold, a prompt is given directly; if the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway area is lower than the set fish passing effect evaluation threshold, the fishway area is adjusted for the second time.

[0083] It should be noted that if the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway area is higher than or equal to the set fish passing effect evaluation threshold, a direct prompt will be given. Direct prompt means that the comparison result of the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway area is directly sent to the staff, indicating that the fish passing effect of the fishway area meets the requirements and no further adjustment is required.

[0084] Specifically, the fishway belonging area is adjusted for the second time, and the specific process is: according to the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area, the spray device parameters of the fishway belonging area and the fish attracting flow rate parameters of the fishway inlet are matched; according to the spray device parameters of the fishway belonging area and the fish attracting flow rate parameters of the fishway inlet, the spray device of the fishway belonging area and the fish attracting flow rate of the fishway inlet are adjusted.

[0085] It should be noted that the spray device parameters of the fishway belonging area and the fish attracting flow rate parameters of the fishway inlet are matched, and the specific process is to construct a mapping set between the fish passing effect evaluation value interval of the fishway belonging area and the spray device parameters of the fishway belonging area corresponding to it, input the real-time fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area, match the interval where the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area is located, obtain the spray device parameters of the fishway belonging area corresponding to the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area through the mapping set, construct a mapping set between the fish passing effect evaluation value interval of the fishway belonging area and the fish attracting flow rate parameters of the fishway inlet of the fishway belonging area, input the real-time fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area, match the interval where the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area is located, and obtain the fish attracting flow rate parameters of the fishway inlet of the fishway belonging area corresponding to the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area through the mapping set.

[0086] It should be noted that building a sprinkler device means setting up an auxiliary water supply system at the inlet and outlet of the fishway. When the water column sprayed by the water supply system splashes down, water flow, water splashes and splashing sounds are formed at the inlet and outlet of the fishway, which can attract fish and improve the fish passing effect.

[0087] The spray device parameters of the fishway belonging area include the number of nozzles of the spray device, the spray angle and the spray intensity.

[0088] By controlling the adjustable gates and valves set at the fishway inlet, the unit's power discharge and the sluice gate's water replenishment are adjusted, thereby controlling the fish-attracting flow rate and the fish-attracting flow rate at the fishway inlet when the water level is high.

[0089] Adjust the number of nozzles, spray angle and spray intensity of the spray device in the fishway area.

[0090] Specifically, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect in the fishway area, and an early warning prompt is issued. The specific process is: comparing the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect in the fishway area with the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of the fishway regulation effect; if the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect in the fishway area is higher than or equal to the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of the fishway regulation effect, a prompt is issued directly; if the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect in the fishway area is lower than the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of the fishway regulation effect, then comparing the fish passing effect evaluation value in the fishway area with the set fish passing effect evaluation threshold.

[0091] It should be noted that if the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway adjustment effect in the fishway area is higher than or equal to the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of the fishway adjustment effect, a direct prompt will be given. Direct prompt means that the comparison result of the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway adjustment effect in the fishway area is directly sent to the staff, indicating that the overall effect of the fishway area after the second adjustment meets the requirements and no further adjustment is required.

[0092] If the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area is higher than or equal to the set fish passage effect evaluation threshold, the staff will be prompted; if the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area is lower than the set fish passage effect evaluation threshold, the fishway area will be adjusted for the third time, and the comprehensive data of the environment and fish information of the fishway area after the third adjustment and the fishway operation parameters of the fishway area will be analyzed to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway adjustment effect of the fishway area after the third adjustment and issue an early warning.

[0093] It should be noted that prompting the staff means directly sending the comparison results of the fish passage effect evaluation values ​​of the fishway area after the second adjustment to the staff, indicating that the fish passage effect of the fishway area after the second adjustment meets the requirements, and reminding the staff that there may be other factors affecting the overall result.

[0094] It should be supplemented that, by analyzing the comprehensive data of environment and fish information of the fishway area after the third adjustment and the fishway operation parameters of the fishway area, the comprehensive index value of fishway information of the fishway area after the third adjustment and the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area after the third adjustment are obtained, and the comprehensive index value of fishway information of the fishway area and the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area after the third adjustment are substituted into the analysis conditions of the comprehensive evaluation value of fishway regulation effect of the fishway area to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of fishway regulation effect of the fishway area after the third adjustment.

[0095] It should be added that the fishway belonging area is adjusted for the third time. The specific process is to obtain the device parameters of the fishway belonging area according to the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway adjustment effect of the fishway belonging area after the third adjustment, and adjust the device of the fishway belonging area according to the device parameters of the fishway belonging area.

[0096] It should be noted that the device parameters of the fishway belonging area include the number of water cushions and the number of baffles. Adjusting the device parameters of the fishway belonging area can adjust the flow rate of the fishway belonging area.

[0097] It should be noted that the device parameters of the fishway belonging area are matched, and the specific process is to construct a mapping set between the interval of the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area and the corresponding device parameters of the fishway belonging area, input the real-time comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area, match the interval in which the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area is located, and obtain the device parameters of the fishway belonging area corresponding to the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area through the mapping set.

[0098] Specifically, a comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area after the third adjustment is obtained and an early warning is given. The specific process is: comparing the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area after the third adjustment with the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of the fishway regulation effect. If the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area after the third adjustment is higher than or equal to the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of the fishway regulation effect, no prompt is required. If the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area after the third adjustment is lower than the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of the fishway regulation effect, an early warning is given to the staff.

[0099] It should be added that issuing early warning prompts to the staff means sending an alarm to the staff and sending the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway adjustment effect of the fishway belonging area after the third adjustment to the staff, prompting the staff to inspect the fishway.

[0100] Specifically, the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect in the fishway-affiliated area is analyzed under the following specific conditions:

[0101]

[0102] Wherein, ρ represents the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect in the fishway area, A represents the comprehensive index value of the fishway information in the fishway area, μ1 represents the weight factor corresponding to the set comprehensive index value of the fishway information, B represents the fish passage effect evaluation value in the fishway area, μ2 represents the weight factor corresponding to the set fish passage effect evaluation value, and e represents a natural constant.

[0103] In a specific embodiment, Table 1 shows different comprehensive index values ​​of fishway information and fish passing effect evaluation values ​​and corresponding comprehensive evaluation values ​​of fishway adjustment effects. In this embodiment, the weight factor corresponding to the comprehensive index value of fishway information is 0.7, and the weight factor corresponding to the fish passing effect evaluation value is 0.3.

[0104] Table 1 Comprehensive index values ​​of different fishway information and evaluation values ​​of fish passage effect and corresponding comprehensive evaluation values ​​of fishway regulation effect

[0105]

[0106] It should be explained that in Table 1, with the increase of the comprehensive index value of fishway information and the evaluation value of fish passing effect in the fishway affiliation area, the comprehensive evaluation value of fishway regulation effect in the fishway affiliation area increases accordingly. Table 1 lists the comprehensive index values ​​of fishway information and the evaluation values ​​of fish passing effect in three different fishway affiliation areas. The corresponding comprehensive evaluation values ​​of fishway regulation effect in the fishway affiliation areas are obtained through analysis. The comprehensive evaluation values ​​of fishway regulation effect in the fishway affiliation areas provide the degree of influence of the comprehensive index values ​​of fishway information and the evaluation values ​​of fish passing effect in different fishway affiliation areas on the comprehensive evaluation values ​​of fishway regulation effect in the fishway affiliation areas. The comprehensive evaluation values ​​of fishway regulation effect in the fishway affiliation areas comprehensively consider the comprehensive index values ​​of fishway information and the evaluation values ​​of fish passing effect in the fishway affiliation areas, provide data support for flow velocity regulation in the fishway affiliation areas, and improve the evaluation accuracy of the comprehensive evaluation values ​​of fishway regulation effect in the fishway affiliation areas.

[0107] It needs to be explained that Figure 3 This is an example diagram of the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect in the fishway-affiliated area. Figure 3 As shown, the x-axis represents the comprehensive index value of the fishway information of the fishway area, and the y-axis represents the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway area. In this embodiment, three groups of different example parameters are defined in the figure, corresponding to different situations of the three curves, respectively represented by solid lines, dashed lines and dotted lines, and the corresponding curve labels are a, b, and c.

[0108] It should be explained that, when the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway affiliated area is 1, the functional relationship between the comprehensive index value of fishway information in the fishway affiliated area and the comprehensive evaluation value of fishway regulation effect in the fishway affiliated area is shown as curve a; when the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway affiliated area is 3, the functional relationship between the comprehensive index value of fishway information in the fishway affiliated area and the comprehensive evaluation value of fishway regulation effect in the fishway affiliated area is shown as curve b; when the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway affiliated area is 5, the functional relationship between the comprehensive index value of fishway information in the fishway affiliated area and the comprehensive evaluation value of fishway regulation effect in the fishway affiliated area is The numerical relationship image is shown as curve c. The comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area increases with the increase of the comprehensive index value of the fishway information of the fishway belonging area. When the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area increases, the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area increases accordingly. The comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area can be quickly and accurately obtained through the curve, which solves the problem in the prior art that the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area cannot be accurately analyzed due to the insufficiently detailed analysis process, thereby realizing the accurate analysis of the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area.

[0109] It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the weight factors corresponding to the preset comprehensive index values ​​of fishway information and the weight factors corresponding to the evaluation values ​​of fish passage effects are obtained from the flow rate regulation database, and the weight factors corresponding to the comprehensive index values ​​of fishway information and the weight factors corresponding to the evaluation values ​​of fish passage effects are both numbers between 0 and 1.

[0110] It should be noted that the weight factor corresponding to the comprehensive index value of fishway information represents the numerical value of the influence of the comprehensive index value of fishway information of the fishway area to which the fishway belongs on the comprehensive evaluation value of fishway regulation effect of the fishway area to which the fishway belongs, and the weight factor corresponding to the fish passing effect evaluation value represents the numerical value of the influence of the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway area to which the fishway belongs on the comprehensive evaluation value of fishway regulation effect of the fishway area to which the fishway belongs. These corresponding relationships are pre-set mapping relationships. For example, the comprehensive index value of fishway information of the fishway area to which the fishway belongs and the weight factor corresponding to the preset comprehensive index value of fishway information obtained from the flow velocity regulation database form a mapping set, and the real-time comprehensive index value of fishway information of the fishway area to which the fishway belongs is input into the mapping set to obtain the weight factor corresponding to the comprehensive index value of fishway information.

[0111] In this implementation scheme, a comprehensive analysis is performed on the comprehensive index value of fishway information of the fishway belonging area after the second adjustment and the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway adjustment effect of the fishway belonging area, which can be used to evaluate the fish passing effect of the adjusted fishway.

[0112] It should be noted that Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the baffle fishway. Figure 4The fishway in the present embodiment shown adopts a diaphragm-type fishway. Various types of fish enter the fishway through the fishway inlet 1, pass through the fishway pool 2 and the rest pool 3, and finally swim out of the fishway through the outlet trash rack 4, thereby realizing the fish exchange between downstream and upstream. By controlling the fish-attracting flow rate 5 at the fishway inlet and the fish-attracting flow rate 6 at the fishway inlet when the water level is high, fish can be attracted to enter the fishway. The diaphragm-type fishway utilizes diaphragms to divide the total water level difference between the upstream and downstream of the fishway into many steps, and utilizes water cushions, friction along the way, and water flow counter-flow and diffusion to dissipate energy, so as to achieve the requirements of improving the flow state and reducing the flow rate through the fish hole. The water flow condition of the diaphragm-type fishway is easy to control and can be used in places with large water level differences. The water pools at each level are good places for fish to rest, and the type, position, and size of the fish holes can be adjusted to meet the upstream requirements of fish with different habits. The structure is simple and maintenance is convenient.

[0113] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for regulating the flow rate at the fishway inlet based on fish-sensing flow rate, comprising: collecting comprehensive data on the environment and fish information of the fishway area, analyzing to obtain a comprehensive index value of the fishway information of the fishway area, and then matching to obtain a target flow rate regulation parameter of the fishway area, and performing the first fishway inlet flow rate regulation.

[0114] The fishway operation parameters of the fishway belonging area after the first adjustment are analyzed to obtain the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area, and the second adjustment is performed according to the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area.

[0115] The comprehensive data of environment and fish information of the fishway area after the second adjustment and the fishway operation parameters of the fishway area are collected to obtain the comprehensive index value of fishway information of the fishway area after the second adjustment and the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area, and then a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway adjustment effect in the fishway area, and an early warning prompt is issued.

[0116] It should be noted that the fishway inlet flow rate regulation system and method based on fish-sensing flow rate also include a flow rate regulation database, which is used to store correction factors corresponding to the inlet flow rate obtained by analyzing historical data, correction factors corresponding to the perceived flow rate, correction factors corresponding to the limit flow rate, compensation factors corresponding to the fish passage rate, compensation factors corresponding to the flow rate change rate, compensation factors corresponding to the inlet flow rate, fish passing effect evaluation thresholds, fishway regulation effect comprehensive evaluation thresholds, and reference inlet flow rates.

[0117] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0118] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well.

Claims

1. A fishway inlet flow rate regulating system based on fish-sensing flow rate, characterized in that: include: The data acquisition module is used to collect the comprehensive data of the environment and fish information in the fishway area, analyze and obtain the comprehensive index value of the fishway information in the fishway area, and then match the target flow rate adjustment parameters in the fishway area, and perform the first flow rate adjustment of the fishway inlet; The fishway effect analysis module is used to analyze the fishway operation parameters of the fishway belonging area after the first adjustment, obtain the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area, and perform the second adjustment according to the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area; The early warning prompt module is used to collect the comprehensive data of the environment and fish information of the fishway area after the second adjustment and the fishway operation parameters of the fishway area, obtain the comprehensive index value of the fishway information of the fishway area after the second adjustment and the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area, and then conduct a comprehensive analysis to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway adjustment effect in the fishway area, and issue an early warning prompt.

2. The fishway inlet flow rate regulating system based on fish-sensing flow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analysis obtains the comprehensive index value of the fishway information of the fishway-affiliated area, and the specific process is as follows: The comprehensive data of the environment and fish information in the fishway area include the perceived flow velocity of each type of fish in the fishway area, the limiting flow velocity of each type of fish in the fishway area and the average inlet flow velocity in the fishway area; Several supervision cycles are set, and the average inlet flow velocity of the fishway area, the perceived flow velocity of each type of fish in the fishway area and the limit flow velocity of each type of fish in the fishway area within each supervision cycle are comprehensively analyzed to obtain the comprehensive index value of fishway information in the fishway area.

3. The fishway inlet flow rate regulating system based on fish-sensing flow rate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific process of adjusting the flow rate of the fishway inlet for the first time is as follows: The target flow rate adjustment parameter of the fishway belonging area is added to the flow rate parameter of the corresponding current fishway belonging area to obtain the flow rate parameter of the fishway belonging area after adjustment, and the flow rate of the fishway inlet is adjusted according to the flow rate parameter of the fishway belonging area after adjustment; The adjusted flow rate parameters of the fishway belonging area include the adjusted unit power generation discharge volume and the adjusted sluice gate water replenishment volume; By controlling the adjustable gates and valves set at the fishway inlet, the unit's power generation discharge and the sluice gate's water replenishment are adjusted, thereby controlling the flow rate at the fishway inlet.

4. The fishway inlet flow rate regulating system based on fish-sensing flow rate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific process of obtaining the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area is as follows: Collect statistics on fishway operation parameters in the fishway area during each supervision period, including the number of fish entering the fishway area, the number of fish leaving the fishway area, the average flow velocity change rate in the fishway area, and the average inlet flow velocity in the fishway area; The number of fish swimming in and the number of fish swimming out of the fishway area are accumulated to obtain the total number of fish swimming in and the total number of fish swimming out of the fishway area in each supervision period; The ratio of the total number of fishes that leave the fishway area during each supervision cycle to the total number of fishes that enter the fishway area during each supervision cycle is taken as the fish passage rate of the fishway area during each supervision cycle. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the fish passage rate of the fishway area, the average flow velocity change rate of the fishway area and the average inlet flow velocity of the fishway area during each supervision period to obtain the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area.

5. The fishway inlet flow rate regulating system based on fish-sensing flow rate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second adjustment is performed according to the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area, and the specific process is as follows: The fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway area is compared with the set fish passing effect evaluation threshold. If the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway area is higher than or equal to the set fish passing effect evaluation threshold, a prompt is given directly; if the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway area is lower than the set fish passing effect evaluation threshold, the fishway area is adjusted for the second time.

6. The fishway inlet flow rate regulating system based on fish-sensing flow rate according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The specific process of the second adjustment of the fishway affiliation area is as follows: According to the evaluation value of the fish passing effect of the fishway region, the spray device parameters of the fishway region and the fish attracting flow velocity parameters of the fishway inlet are matched, and according to the spray device parameters of the fishway region and the fish attracting flow velocity parameters of the fishway inlet, the spray device of the fishway region and the fish attracting flow velocity of the fishway inlet are adjusted; The spray device parameters of the fishway belonging area include the number of nozzles of the spray device, the spray angle and the spray intensity; By controlling the adjustable gates and valves set at the fishway inlet, the water discharge of the unit and the water replenishment of the sluice gate are adjusted, thereby controlling the fish-attracting flow rate and the fish-attracting flow rate at the fishway inlet when the water level is high; Adjust the number of nozzles, spray angle and spray intensity of the spray device in the fishway area.

7. The fishway inlet flow rate regulating system based on fish-sensing flow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The comprehensive analysis obtains the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect in the fishway-affiliated area, and issues an early warning prompt. The specific process is as follows: The comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area is compared with the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of the fishway regulation effect. If the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area is higher than or equal to the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of the fishway regulation effect, a prompt is directly given; if the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area is lower than the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of the fishway regulation effect, the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area is compared with the set fish passing effect evaluation threshold; If the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area is higher than or equal to the set fish passage effect evaluation threshold, the staff will be prompted; if the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area is lower than the set fish passage effect evaluation threshold, the fishway area will be adjusted for the third time, and the comprehensive data of the environment and fish information of the fishway area after the third adjustment and the fishway operation parameters of the fishway area will be analyzed to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway adjustment effect of the fishway area after the third adjustment and issue an early warning.

8. The fishway inlet flow rate regulating system based on fish-sensing flow rate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect in the fishway-affiliated area after the third regulation and providing an early warning is as follows: The comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area after the third adjustment is compared with the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of the fishway regulation effect. If the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area after the third adjustment is higher than or equal to the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of the fishway regulation effect, no prompt is required. If the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect of the fishway belonging area after the third adjustment is lower than the set comprehensive evaluation threshold of the fishway regulation effect, an early warning prompt is given to the staff.

9. The fishway inlet flow rate regulating system based on fish-sensing flow rate according to claim 3 is characterized by: The comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect in the fishway-affiliated area is analyzed under the following specific conditions: Wherein, ρ represents the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway regulation effect in the fishway area, A represents the comprehensive index value of the fishway information in the fishway area, μ1 represents the weight factor corresponding to the set comprehensive index value of the fishway information, B represents the fish passage effect evaluation value in the fishway area, μ2 represents the weight factor corresponding to the set fish passage effect evaluation value, and e represents a natural constant.

10. A method for adjusting flow velocity at the fishway inlet based on fish-sensing flow velocity, characterized in that: include: Collect comprehensive data on the environment and fish information in the fishway area, analyze and obtain comprehensive index values ​​of fishway information in the fishway area, and then match the target flow rate adjustment parameters in the fishway area, and perform the first flow rate adjustment on the fishway inlet; Analyzing the fishway operation parameters of the fishway belonging area after the first adjustment to obtain the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area, and performing a second adjustment according to the fish passing effect evaluation value of the fishway belonging area; The comprehensive data of environment and fish information of the fishway area after the second adjustment and the fishway operation parameters of the fishway area are collected to obtain the comprehensive index value of fishway information of the fishway area after the second adjustment and the fish passage effect evaluation value of the fishway area, and then a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the fishway adjustment effect in the fishway area, and an early warning prompt is issued.

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