A finite element simulation method for accurately calculating temperature field and stress field of electric arc additive manufacturing

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of finite element simulation methods for accurately calculating electric arc additive manufacturing temperature field and stress field, belong to additive manufacturing technical field.The method is first obtained by 3D profilometer the geometric structure of electric arc additive manufacturing deposition sample, then the melt width, melt depth and excess height of each deposition layer are obtained by wire cutting, based on the actual additive parameters of each deposition layer, construct simulation heat source model, three heat sources are considered in simulation heat source model, and the heat distribution in the actual additive manufacturing process is fully considered.The application combines three-dimensional scanning technology with electric arc additive manufacturing temperature field and stress field simulation, obtains the actual geometric structure and topography of deposition layer through external detection means, calculates the electric arc additive manufacturing deposition layer temperature field and stress field based on the real topography of deposition layer, compared with the existing electric arc additive manufacturing simulation, the reduction degree of the distribution of calculated temperature and stress in deposition layer can be greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of arc additive manufacturing, and in particular relates to a finite element simulation method for accurately calculating temperature fields and stress fields in arc additive manufacturing. Background Art

[0002] Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is an efficient and cost-effective 3D printing technology. Utilizing the principles of arc welding for metal deposition, it offers significant advantages: First, WAAM boasts a high material utilization rate, approaching 100%, and low production costs. Second, the technology has a wide range of applications, including the preparation of a variety of metal materials, such as aluminum alloys, stainless steel, and titanium alloys, to meet diverse industrial needs. Furthermore, its high build speed makes it particularly suitable for the rapid manufacture of large parts. However, the inherent high heat input and rapid cooling of the micro-melt pool inherent in WAAM technology lead to significant thermal stresses within the component during the fabrication process. When these stresses exceed the material's yield point, the material undergoes plastic deformation, resulting in reduced forming accuracy. Furthermore, residual stresses within WAAM components after cooling can significantly degrade their performance. Therefore, controlling the temperature and stress fields during the WAAM process is crucial.

[0003] The arc additive manufacturing process involves multiple transfers of mass, momentum, and energy, encompassing multi-scale interactions from the microscale to the macroscale. Consequently, the thermal evolution patterns are extremely complex, making it difficult to experimentally test the temperature and stress fields of parts manufactured with variable-parameter arc additive manufacturing. Compared to experiments, numerical simulation provides a more convenient and intuitive way to calculate the effects of process parameters on thermal cycling, internal stresses, and surface deformation in formed parts.

[0004] Currently, most simulation models of deposited layers for temperature and stress fields during WAAM are based on regular geometric shapes created using drawing software. These models cannot accurately reproduce the geometry of the deposited layers during the actual forming process. The structure and morphology of the deposited layer significantly influence its internal temperature and stress distribution. Therefore, existing methods struggle to efficiently and accurately calculate the temperature and stress fields during the WAAM forming process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing, so as to solve the problem that the deposition layer simulation geometric model of the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing in the prior art is difficult to truly simulate and restore the geometric morphology of the deposition layer in actual molding.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A finite element simulation method for accurately calculating temperature and stress fields in arc additive manufacturing includes:

[0008] Step 1, depositing alloy specimens by arc additive manufacturing;

[0009] Step 2: Obtain the geometric structure of the alloy sample through a 3D profilometer and apply the geometric structure to the temperature field and stress field simulation calculation;

[0010] Step 3, longitudinally cutting the deposited layer of the alloy sample to obtain the weld width, weld depth and reinforcement height of each deposited layer;

[0011] Step 4: Write a simulation heat source model based on the weld width, weld depth and residual height of each layer. The simulation heat source model is a combination of a Gaussian cylinder heat source, an average body heat source and a double ellipsoid heat source. The total heat of the three simulation heat sources is 100%;

[0012] Step 5: Based on the process parameters of depositing the alloy sample in step 1, the process of depositing the alloy sample is simulated by the birth and death unit, and the temperature field simulation is performed to obtain temperature field data;

[0013] Step 6: Based on the process parameters and temperature field data of the deposited alloy sample, the deposition process is simulated by the birth-death unit, and stress field simulation is performed to obtain stress field data.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is:

[0015] Preferably, in step 2, the geometric structure of the alloy sample is obtained by a 3D profilometer and then smoothed.

[0016] Preferably, in step 3, after wire cutting, polishing and etching are performed to obtain the weld width, weld depth and residual height of each deposition layer.

[0017] Preferably, in step 4, the Gaussian cylinder heat source simulates arc heat, the average body heat source simulates droplet heat, and the double ellipsoid heat source simulates molten pool heat.

[0018] Preferably, in step 4, the height of the Gaussian column heat source is the distance between the welding gun nozzle and the substrate, and the diameter is larger than the melt width of the deposited layer.

[0019] Preferably, in step 4, the double ellipsoid heat source is composed of two alternating semi-ellipsoids, the long semi-axis length of one semi-ellipsoid is less than the melt width, and the long semi-axis length of the other semi-ellipsoid is greater than the melt width; the short semi-axis lengths of the two semi-ellipsoids are determined by the melt width of the sedimentary layer, and the depths of the two semi-ellipsoids are the melt depths.

[0020] Preferably, in step 5 and step 6, the proportion of each heat source in the simulated heat source model is adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0021] Preferably, in steps 5 and 6, before calculating the temperature field or stress field of the deposition layer, the activated deposition layer units are killed again and continuously activated along the deposition direction during the calculation process to obtain corresponding temperature field data or stress field data.

[0022] Preferably, during the simulation process, the thermophysical parameters of the alloy at various temperatures are calculated using JMatPro thermodynamic software.

[0023] Preferably, in step 1 and step 2, if the deposited alloy sample is a multi-layer sample, one layer is deposited, and the deposited layer is scanned by a 3D profilometer, and a Boolean subtraction operation is performed between adjacent layers, and the geometric structure of each deposited layer is only the geometric structure of the layer.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The present invention discloses a finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing. The method first obtains the geometric structure of the arc additive manufacturing deposition sample through a 3D profilometer, and then obtains the melt width, melt depth and residual height of each deposition layer through wire cutting. Based on the actual additive parameters of each deposition layer, a simulation heat source model is constructed. The simulation heat source model takes into account three heat sources, fully considering the heat situation in the actual additive manufacturing process. The present invention combines three-dimensional scanning technology with arc additive manufacturing temperature field and stress field simulation, obtains the actual geometric structure and morphology of the deposition layer through external detection means, and calculates the temperature field and stress field of the arc additive manufacturing deposition layer based on the true morphology of the deposition layer. Compared with the currently available arc additive manufacturing simulation, the method can greatly improve the degree of restoration of the calculated temperature and stress distribution inside the deposition layer. In addition, the present invention designs a combined heat source model, using a Gaussian cylinder heat source to simulate arc heat, an average body heat source model to simulate droplet heat, and a double ellipsoid heat source model to simulate the heat of the molten pool below the substrate surface. This is closer to the actual arc additive manufacturing heat transfer process and provides new ideas and methods for accurately calculating and predicting the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing alloys.

[0026] Furthermore, this method obtains the actual geometric structure and morphology of the deposited layer through a 3D profilometer and imports it into finite element software. Based on the actual geometric morphology of the deposited layer and taking into account the melt width, melt depth and residual height data, the simulation heat source parameters are designed, thereby realizing efficient and accurate calculation of the temperature field and stress field of the WAAM forming process.

[0027] The present invention combines three-dimensional scanning technology with arc additive manufacturing temperature field and stress field simulation, obtains the actual geometric structure and morphology of the deposited layer through external detection means, and calculates the temperature field and stress field of the arc additive manufacturing deposited layer based on the real morphology. Compared with the currently available arc additive manufacturing simulation, it can greatly improve the degree of restoration of the calculated temperature and stress distribution inside the deposited layer. In addition, the present invention smoothes the model before importing the actual geometric model of the deposited layer into the finite element software, and deletes the sharp phenomenon in the local area of ​​the deposited layer. On the one hand, this can improve the quality of mesh division, and on the other hand, it also avoids the problem of stress concentration in sharp areas calculated by the finite element software. In addition, the present invention designs a corresponding heat source model based on the deposited layer melt width, melt depth, and residual height data, which can more accurately reflect the heat exchange between the arc and the deposited layer, and further ensure the accuracy of temperature field calculation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the combined heat source model in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the steps for establishing the geometric model of the sedimentary layer in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of grid division in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 The temperature field simulation results of Example 2 of the present invention (comparison chart between calculated and actual penetration depths);

[0032] Figure 5 The stress field simulation calculation results of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of deposition layer printing in Example 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention; the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; in addition, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a communication between the internal parts of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] The present invention provides a finite element simulation method for efficiently and accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing, comprising the following steps:

[0037] (1) Preparation of alloy specimens using arc additive manufacturing technology;

[0038] (2) Use a 3D profilometer to scan the arc additive manufacturing deposited layer and obtain the STL1 file of the deposited layer. In this process, the actual geometric structure and morphology of the deposited layer are obtained by the 3D profilometer, and the actual morphology of the deposited layer is used for calculation in the simulation of the temperature field and stress field.

[0039] (3) The deposited layer STL1 file is imported into the drawing software for smoothing to obtain the STL2 file. This step can optimize the meshing quality in the arc additive manufacturing temperature field and stress field simulation model.

[0040] (4) The deposited layer is longitudinally cut to obtain a standard metallographic specimen, and the deposited layer melt width, melt depth, and residual height information are obtained after polishing and etching.

[0041] (5) Based on the data of the melt depth, melt width and residual height of the deposited layer obtained in step (4), a simulation heat source model is written, and based on the actual forming parameters of the deposited layer, a simulation program is written using the birth-death unit method.

[0042] The finite element simulation software in this step can be ANSYS, ABAQUS, etc.

[0043] In this step, the heat source model is a combination of a Gaussian cylinder heat source, an average body heat source, and a double ellipsoid heat source. This combined heat source model simulates arc heat with a Gaussian cylinder heat source, droplet heat with an average body heat source model, and the molten pool heat below the substrate surface with a double ellipsoid heat source model. The power ratios between these heat source models are adjustable.

[0044] During the simulation process, it is assumed that the cross-sectional morphology of the deposited layer is consistent in the scanning direction (the direction of movement of the welding gun), and the geometric model of the deposited layer is drawn based on the cross-sectional geometric data of the deposited layer.

[0045] (6) Import the STL2 file into the finite element simulation software, run the life and death unit simulation program, and obtain the temperature field data.

[0046] (7) Based on the temperature field data obtained in step (5), run the life and death unit simulation program to calculate the stress field of the deposited layer.

[0047] Before starting the sedimentary layer stress field calculation, the activated sedimentary layer units are killed again, and the sedimentary layer units are gradually activated along the sedimentation direction during the stress field calculation process.

[0048] Furthermore, in order to obtain more accurate and reliable temperature and stress fields during the arc additive manufacturing process, JMatPro thermodynamics software was used to calculate the thermophysical properties of the alloy at different temperatures.

[0049] It should be noted that in step (4), during the longitudinal cutting process, the substrate is also cut to obtain the actual metallographic information of the first deposited layer.

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the specific implementation or the description of the prior art.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] This embodiment discloses a finite element simulation method for efficiently and accurately calculating the temperature and stress fields of titanium alloys produced by arc additive manufacturing. A 3D profilometer is used to obtain the geometric structure and morphology of the titanium alloy deposited layer, and finite element simulation calculations of the temperature and stress fields are performed based on the actual morphology of the deposited layer. Specifically, the method includes the following steps:

[0053] (1) Use a 3D profilometer to scan the arc additive manufacturing titanium alloy deposited layer and obtain the deposited layer STL1 file.

[0054] (2) Import the sedimentation layer STL1 file into the drawing software, smooth the sharp areas, and obtain the STL2 file.

[0055] (3) The titanium alloy deposited layer was longitudinally cut to obtain a standard metallographic specimen, and the deposited layer melt width, melt depth, and residual height information were obtained after polishing and etching.

[0056] (4) Write a simulation heat source model based on the information of the deposition layer's melt depth, melt width, and residual height obtained in step 3. Figure 1 As shown, the height H of the Gaussian cylinder heat source is set to the distance between the welding gun nozzle and the substrate, which is larger than the residual height of the deposited layer, and the diameter D is slightly larger than the molten width of the deposited layer. The length of the long semi-axis of the front half of the double ellipsoid heat source is set to a f Smaller than the melt width, the length of the major axis of the rear hemi-ellipsoid is a r The ellipsoid's semi-minor axis length b and depth c are determined based on the deposited layer's melt width and depth, respectively. The average bulk heat source is consistent with the shape and size of the deposited layer. Based on the actual forming power and forming speed of the deposited layer, a temperature and stress field simulation program was developed using the birth-and-death element method to ensure that the activation speed of the titanium alloy deposited layer unit in the program is consistent with the actual forming speed.

[0057] (5) Import the STL2 file into the finite element simulation software, mesh the geometric model, kill the mesh of the deposition layer area, run the life and death unit temperature field simulation program, and the killed titanium alloy deposition layer mesh is continuously activated along the deposition direction to obtain the temperature field data.

[0058] (6) Re-kill the sedimentary layer area grid, and based on the temperature field data obtained in step 5, run the life and death unit stress field simulation program to calculate the stress field of the sedimentary layer.

[0059] This embodiment proposes a combined heat source model that combines a Gaussian column heat source, an average body heat source, and a double ellipsoid heat source. That is, with the top surface of the substrate as the boundary, the energy transferred by the arc to the deposited layer is artificially divided into three parts. Gaussian column heat sources and average body heat sources are applied to the metal filling area above the top surface of the substrate, and a double ellipsoid heat source is applied to the base area below the top surface of the substrate. This is expected to significantly improve the simulation accuracy of the temperature field and stress field.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] This embodiment discloses a finite element simulation method for efficiently and accurately calculating the temperature and stress fields of a magnesium alloy produced using cold metal arc additive manufacturing (CMT-WAAM). This method assumes that the cross-sectional morphology of the deposited layer is uniform in the scanning direction (the direction of the welding torch's movement). A geometric model of the deposited layer is constructed based on the cross-sectional geometric data of the deposited layer. A heat source model is designed based on the cross-sectional weld width, weld depth, and residual height data of the deposited layer. The temperature and stress fields of the CMT-WAAM magnesium alloy are then calculated. Specifically, the method includes the following steps:

[0062] (1) The magnesium alloy deposit layer is cut by wire to obtain a standard metallographic specimen. After polishing and etching, the deposit layer's weld width, weld depth, and residual height information are obtained. The cross-sectional geometry of the deposit layer is extracted and drawn. The drawn cross-sectional geometry of the deposit layer is stretched along the scanning direction to obtain a geometric model of the deposit layer. This geometric model is then imported into ANSYS simulation software (e.g. Figure 2 shown).

[0063] (2) If Figure 3 As shown, the simulation model is meshed, wherein the mesh size of the sediment layer area is less than 1 mm, and the mesh of the sediment layer area is killed.

[0064] (3) The thermophysical properties of magnesium alloy were calculated based on the thermodynamic calculation software JMatPro. The calculation results are shown in Table 1.

[0065] (4) Write a simulation heat source model based on the information of the deposition layer's melt depth, melt width, and residual height obtained in step (1). Set the Gaussian cylinder heat source height H to be 1.2 cm, the distance between the welding gun nozzle and the substrate. Set the length of the long semi-axis of the front half of the double ellipsoid heat source a to be f is 5 mm, and the length of the major axis of the posterior semiellipsoid is a r The height of the ellipsoid is 7.5 mm, the length of the minor semi-axis b of the ellipsoid is 2.75 mm, the depth c is 0.54 mm, the heat source power of the Gaussian cylinder is 1650 W, the heat source power of the double ellipsoid is 275 W, and the average body heat source power is 3575 W. The temperature field and stress field simulation program are written using the life and death unit method to ensure that the activation speed of the magnesium alloy deposition layer unit in the program is consistent with the actual forming speed.

[0066] (5) Run the temperature field simulation program of the life and death unit, and the killed magnesium alloy deposition layer grid is continuously activated along the deposition direction to obtain the temperature field data.

[0067] (6) Re-kill the sedimentary layer area grid, and based on the temperature field data obtained in step (5), run the life and death unit stress field simulation program to calculate the stress field of the sedimentary layer.

[0068] This embodiment proposes a combined heat source model that combines a Gaussian column heat source, an average body heat source, and a double ellipsoid heat source. That is, with the top surface of the substrate as the boundary, the energy transferred by the arc to the deposited layer is artificially divided into three parts. Gaussian column heat sources and average body heat sources are applied to the metal filling area above the top surface of the substrate, and a double ellipsoid heat source is applied to the base area below the top surface of the substrate. This is expected to significantly improve the simulation accuracy of the temperature field and stress field.

[0069] Table 1 Thermophysical properties of magnesium alloy used in the temperature field simulation of Example 2

[0070]

[0071] Example 3

[0072] This embodiment discloses a finite element simulation method for efficiently and accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of titanium alloy multi-layer thin-walled structural parts formed by arc additive manufacturing. The geometric structure and morphology of the titanium alloy deposited layer are obtained by using a 3D profilometer, and the finite element simulation calculation of the temperature field and stress field is performed based on the actual morphology of the deposited layer. Specifically, see Figure 6 , including the following steps:

[0073] (1) The titanium alloy deposition layer 1 is prepared by arc additive manufacturing technology.

[0074] (2) Use a 3D profiler to scan the arc additively manufactured titanium alloy parts and obtain the STL1-1 file of the deposited layer.

[0075] (3) Import the sedimentation layer STL1-1 file into the drawing software, smooth the sharp areas, and obtain the STL1-2 file.

[0076] (4) The titanium alloy deposition layer 2 is prepared using arc additive manufacturing technology.

[0077] (5) The arc additive manufacturing titanium alloy part was scanned using a 3D profiler for the second time to obtain the deposited layer STL2-1 file.

[0078] (6) Import the sedimentation layer STL2-1 file into the drawing software, smooth the sharp areas, and obtain the STL2-2 file.

[0079] (7) Perform Boolean subtraction operation on STL2-2 and STL1-2, subtract STL1-2 from STL2-2, and obtain STL2-3 file, which is the geometric model of sedimentary layer 2.

[0080] (8) Repeat steps 4-7 to obtain the geometric models of deposition layers 3, 4, 5, ... in sequence.

[0081] (9) Metallographic specimens were obtained by wire cutting titanium alloy multi-layer thin-walled structural parts, and the penetration depth information of each deposited layer was obtained after polishing and corrosion.

[0082] (10) Compile a simulation heat source model based on the melting depth information of each deposition layer obtained in step 3. The method for compiling the combined heat source model is the same as that in Example 1.

[0083] (11) The STL file containing the geometric morphology of each deposition layer is imported into the finite element simulation software. After meshing the geometric model, the mesh of the deposition layer area is killed. The birth and death unit temperature field simulation program is run. The killed titanium alloy deposition layer mesh is continuously activated along the deposition direction to obtain temperature field data. Specifically, when activating the deposition layer mesh, each deposition layer is independent of each other. For example, when activating the deposition layer 1 mesh, the mesh of the deposition layer 2 area will not be activated. This ensures that the simulation process is closer to the actual forming process to the greatest extent possible.

[0084] (12) Re-kill the sedimentary layer area grid, and based on the temperature field data obtained in step (12), run the life and death unit stress field simulation program to calculate the stress field of the sedimentary layer.

[0085] Advantages of this embodiment: During the actual forming process, the geometric structures of each titanium alloy deposited layer, such as width and height, may vary. Assuming the structure of each deposited layer is consistent during temperature and stress field calculations can lead to large errors in the calculated results. This embodiment uses a 3D profilometer to scan the titanium alloy multi-layer thin-walled part multiple times to obtain the actual geometric morphology of each deposited layer. After performing a Boolean subtraction operation, the simulation is performed based on the actual geometric structure of each deposited layer, maximizing calculation accuracy.

[0086] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing, characterized in that: include: Step 1, depositing alloy specimens by arc additive manufacturing; Step 2: Obtain the geometric structure of the alloy sample through a 3D profilometer and apply the geometric structure to the temperature field and stress field simulation calculation; Step 3, longitudinally cutting the deposited layer of the alloy sample to obtain the weld width, weld depth and reinforcement height of each deposited layer; Step 4: Write a simulation heat source model based on the weld width, weld depth and residual height of each layer. The simulation heat source model is a combination of a Gaussian cylinder heat source, an average body heat source and a double ellipsoid heat source. The total heat of the three simulation heat sources is 100%; Step 5: Based on the process parameters of depositing the alloy sample in step 1, the process of depositing the alloy sample is simulated by the birth and death unit, and the temperature field simulation is performed to obtain temperature field data; Step 6: Based on the process parameters and temperature field data of the deposited alloy sample, the deposition process is simulated by the birth-death unit, and stress field simulation is performed to obtain stress field data.

2. The finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the geometric structure of the alloy sample is obtained by a 3D profilometer and then smoothed.

3. The finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, after wire cutting, the weld width, weld depth and residual height of each deposited layer are obtained by polishing and etching.

4. The finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the Gaussian cylinder heat source simulates arc heat, the average body heat source simulates droplet heat, and the double ellipsoid heat source simulates molten pool heat.

5. The finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 4, the height of the Gaussian column heat source is the distance between the welding gun nozzle and the substrate, and the diameter is larger than the melt width of the deposited layer.

6. The finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 4, the double ellipsoid heat source is composed of two alternating semi-ellipsoids, the major semi-axis length of one semi-ellipsoid is less than the melt width, and the major semi-axis length of the other semi-ellipsoid is greater than the melt width; the minor semi-axis lengths of the two semi-ellipsoids are determined by the melt width of the sedimentary layer, and the depths of the two semi-ellipsoids are the melt depths.

7. The finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In steps 5 and 6, the proportions of the various heat sources in the simulated heat source model are adjusted according to actual conditions.

8. The finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In steps 5 and 6, before calculating the temperature field or stress field of the deposition layer, the activated deposition layer units are killed again and continuously activated along the deposition direction during the calculation process to obtain the corresponding temperature field data or stress field data.

9. The finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the simulation process, the thermophysical properties of the alloy at various temperatures were calculated using JMatPro thermodynamic software.

10. The finite element simulation method for accurately calculating the temperature field and stress field of arc additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1 and step 2, if the deposited alloy sample is a multi-layer sample, one layer is deposited, and the deposited layer is scanned by a 3D profilometer. Boolean subtraction operations are performed between adjacent layers, and the geometric structure of each deposited layer only has the geometric structure of the layer.

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