Hydrogen demand-oriented off-grid integrated energy hydrogen production system planning method and device

Abstract

A kind of off-grid integrated energy hydrogen production system planning method and device for hydrogen demand, method includes: the hydrogen production-storage-use whole process model including off-grid hydrogen production section model, compression buffer section model and industrial synthesis section model is built, off-grid hydrogen production section model includes water electrolysis hydrogen production model, biomass gasification hydrogen production model, natural gas reforming hydrogen production model, compression buffer section model includes compressor model and hydrogen storage tank model, industrial synthesis section model includes industrial hydrogen load model;Hydrogen production system double-layer planning model including upper layer planning model and lower layer operation model is built, upper layer planning model with minimum construction and operation cost, minimum carbon emissions, maximum total hydrogen production as target, lower layer operation model with minimum operation cost as target;Hydrogen production system double-layer planning model is solved to obtain optimal planning scheme.The present application meets the smoothness and reliability demand of industry to hydrogen while reducing carbon emissions in the process of hydrogen production.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power systems, in particular to a hydrogen demand-oriented off-grid comprehensive energy hydrogen production system planning method and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hydrogen is considered an ideal secondary energy source due to its abundant sources, high combustion heat value, and clean and pollution-free use. The downstream industries of hydrogen include chemical synthesis, fuel cells, hydrogen energy transportation, etc. Due to the maturity of the technology, the most important consumer terminal of hydrogen energy is the chemical industry such as ammonia and methanol synthesis. Due to the constraints of process such as the thermal inertia of the synthesis tower, the load regulation capability of chemical synthesis is limited, which puts higher requirements on the stability of hydrogen input. Currently, the main source of industrial hydrogen is represented by coal and natural gas reforming of fossil energy, which has stable and controllable hydrogen production but generates a large amount of carbon emissions. With the promotion of the transformation of industries such as synthetic ammonia, synthetic methanol, refining, and coal-to-oil and gas from high-carbon processes to low-carbon processes, the use of renewable energy to replace fossil energy for hydrogen production as an important means to reduce carbon emissions has received widespread attention.

[0003] Renewable energy hydrogen production can be divided into grid-connected and off-grid types. The grid-connected renewable energy hydrogen production system is supported by the external power grid, and the hydrogen production is relatively stable, but the grid-connected cost is high, and in order to reduce the system regulation pressure of the power grid, its operation mode is strictly controlled. In addition, due to the use of grid electricity for hydrogen production, it is difficult to obtain green certification. The off-grid renewable energy hydrogen production system lacks external power grid support, and due to the volatility of renewable energy, it is difficult to achieve stable hydrogen production. In order to ensure the safety and stability of chemical synthesis, a large number of hydrogen storage devices need to be configured between the hydrogen production section and the chemical synthesis section, which significantly increases the equipment investment cost of the system. At the same time, large-scale storage of flammable and explosive hydrogen also poses a safety threat. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a low-carbon off-grid hydrogen production system that can achieve hydrogen production and use balance. Integrating multiple hydrogen production technologies has been proven to be a means to combine the advantages of different hydrogen production routes. By reasonably planning the hydrogen production system and considering the complementary use relationship between different technologies, it is expected to meet the demand for hydrogen stability and reliability of industry while reducing carbon emissions in the hydrogen production process. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the above-mentioned defects and problems in the prior art, and to provide a hydrogen demand-oriented off-grid comprehensive energy hydrogen production system planning method and device, which can meet the demand for hydrogen stability and reliability of industry while reducing carbon emissions in the hydrogen production process.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present application is: a hydrogen demand-oriented off-grid comprehensive energy hydrogen production system planning method, comprising:

[0006] A hydrogen production-storage-use full-process model of off-grid comprehensive energy is constructed, which comprises an off-grid hydrogen production section model, a compression buffer section model and an industrial synthesis section model, the off-grid hydrogen production section model comprises a water electrolysis hydrogen production model, a biomass gasification hydrogen production model and a natural gas reforming hydrogen production model, the compression buffer section model comprises a compressor model and a hydrogen storage tank model, and the industrial synthesis section model comprises an industrial hydrogen load model;

[0007] A hydrogen production system bi-level programming model is constructed, which comprises an upper-level programming model and a lower-level operation model, the upper-level programming model takes the minimum construction and operation cost, the minimum carbon emission and the maximum total hydrogen production of the hydrogen production system as the target, and the lower-level operation model takes the minimum operation cost of the hydrogen production system as the target;

[0008] The hydrogen production system bi-level programming model is solved to obtain an optimal programming scheme.

[0009] The natural gas reforming hydrogen production model is:

[0010]

[0011] ΔX s =X SR -X FR ;

[0012]

[0013] In the formula, is the consumption of biomass at t time; is the relative molecular mass of Fe3O4 after complete oxidation; is the relative molecular mass of Fe3O4; is the yield of FeO at t time; is the yield of Fe at t time; X SR and X FR are the conversion rates of oxygen carriers at the outlets of the steam reactor and the fuel reactor respectively; ΔX s is the difference between the conversion rates of oxygen carriers at the outlets of the steam reactor and the fuel reactor; is the yield of Fe3O4 at t time; is the yield of hydrogen produced by natural gas reforming at t time; is the hydrogen production coefficient in the reaction; is the consumption of natural gas at t time; is the oxygen production coefficient in the reaction; is the consumption of oxygen at t time.

[0014] The compressor model is:

[0015]

[0016] P = P (t), where P (t) is the power consumption of the compressor at time t t comp P = P (t), where P (t) is the power consumption of the compressor at time t Cp is the specific heat capacity constant of hydrogen V (t) is the input flow rate of hydrogen at time t in Tin is the input hydrogen temperature; γ is the isentropic exponent of hydrogen; η comp η is the working efficiency of the compressor; k comp k is the compression ratio Pmax is the maximum power consumption of the compressor

[0017] The hydrogen storage tank model is:

[0018]

[0019] wherein, V (t) is the hydrogen storage amount of the hydrogen storage tank at time t V (t-1) is the hydrogen storage amount of the hydrogen storage tank at time t-1 V (t) is the input flow rate of hydrogen at time t H (t) is the industrial hydrogen load at time t; η in and η out η is the efficiency of hydrogen storage injection and release and V (1) and V (24) are the hydrogen storage amounts of the hydrogen storage tank at the first time and the last time of a day; m HS_max Vmax is the maximum hydrogen storage amount of the hydrogen storage tank

[0020] The industrial hydrogen load model is:

[0021]

[0022] wherein, n H_load_min and n H_load_max Hmin and Hmax are the minimum and maximum values of the industrial hydrogen load and Hmaxdown and Hmaxup are the maximum downward and upward rates of the industrial hydrogen load; d a (τ) is a binary variable, d a (τ) is 1 when the industrial hydrogen load is unchanged, d a (τ) is 0; D is the minimum interval of the industrial hydrogen load adjustment time; T is the entire scheduling period; M is a positive number; d a (t) is the industrial hydrogen load variable, indicating whether the industrial hydrogen load is changed.

[0023] The upper-level planning model is:

[0024]

[0025]

[0026] The lower layer operation model is:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, is the construction and operation cost; is the annualized investment cost; is the maintenance cost; is the annual operation cost; is the construction capacity of equipment i; is the construction cost of equipment i; r is the discount rate; τ i is the life cycle of equipment i; is the maintenance coefficient of equipment i; is the upper limit of the installation capacity of equipment i; I is the number of equipment types; C carbon is the carbon emission; T is the entire scheduling period; is the carbon emission coefficient of biomass transportation; is the consumption of biomass at time t; is the carbon emission coefficient of natural gas; is the consumption of natural gas at time t; is the total hydrogen production; is the hydrogen production by electrolysis of water at time t; is the hydrogen production by natural gas reforming at time t; is the hydrogen production by biomass gasification at time t; is the unit cost of biomass; is the unit cost of natural gas.

[0029] The optimal planning scheme obtained by solving the bi-level planning model of the hydrogen production system includes:

[0030] The NSGA-2 algorithm is used to solve the upper layer planning model, and a commercial solver is used to solve the lower layer operation model. The solution results of the upper layer planning model are transmitted to the lower layer operation model, and the solution results of the lower layer operation model are transmitted to the upper layer planning model. The upper and lower layers are iterated back and forth to solve the optimal planning scheme set. Then, the weights of the construction and operation cost, the carbon emission, and the total hydrogen production are calculated based on the analytic hierarchy process. Finally, the TOPSIS method is used to select the optimal planning scheme.

[0031] A device for planning an off-grid comprehensive energy hydrogen production system for hydrogen demand, which is applied to the method described above, and the device comprises:

[0032] A hydrogen production-storage-use whole process model construction module is used for constructing a hydrogen production-storage-use whole process model of an off-grid comprehensive energy source, which comprises an off-grid hydrogen production section model, a compression buffer section model and an industrial synthesis section model, the off-grid hydrogen production section model comprising a water electrolysis hydrogen production model, a biomass gasification hydrogen production model and a natural gas reforming hydrogen production model, the compression buffer section model comprising a compressor model and a hydrogen storage tank model, and the industrial synthesis section model comprising an industrial hydrogen load model;

[0033] A hydrogen production system bi-level planning model construction module is used for constructing a hydrogen production system bi-level planning model comprising an upper-level planning model and a lower-level operation model, the upper-level planning model taking the minimum construction and operation cost, the minimum carbon emission and the maximum total hydrogen production of the hydrogen production system as the target, and the lower-level operation model taking the minimum operation cost of the hydrogen production system as the target;

[0034] An optimal planning scheme solving module is used for solving the hydrogen production system bi-level planning model to obtain an optimal planning scheme.

[0035] An off-grid comprehensive energy hydrogen production system planning device oriented to hydrogen demand comprises a memory and a processor.

[0036] The memory is used for storing a computer program code and transmitting the computer program code to the processor.

[0037] The processor is used for executing the above-mentioned method according to the instructions in the computer program code.

[0038] A computer readable storage medium has a computer program stored thereon, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned method.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] In the off-grid comprehensive energy hydrogen production system planning method and device oriented to hydrogen demand, the requirement of hydrogen for industrial synthesis on hydrogen production stability is considered, and the cost increase and safety hazards caused by a large number of hydrogen storage tanks are avoided. The present application combines three types of hydrogen production technologies, namely, water electrolysis hydrogen production, biomass gasification hydrogen production and natural gas reforming hydrogen production, realizes the complementary advantages of the three types of technologies, improves the overall efficiency of the hydrogen production system, and at the same time, realizes relatively green and stable controllable hydrogen production by using the low carbon of water electrolysis hydrogen production and biomass gasification hydrogen production and the stability and controllability of natural gas hydrogen production. In addition, the present application combines intelligent algorithms and optimization solvers to realize the solution of a multi-objective mixed integer nonlinear programming problem, overcomes the problem that a traditional solver cannot directly solve the problem, obtains an optimal planning scheme set, and selects an optimal planning scheme through an AHP+TOPSIS analysis method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a hydrogen production system planning method for hydrogen demand oriented off-grid integrated energy system of the present application.

[0042] Figure 2 is a hydrogen production-storage-use whole process model diagram of off-grid integrated energy of the embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 3 is a structure block diagram of a hydrogen production system planning device for hydrogen demand oriented off-grid integrated energy of the present application.

[0044] Figure 4 is a structure block diagram of a hydrogen production system planning device for hydrogen demand oriented off-grid integrated energy of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] Referring to Figure 1 , a hydrogen production system planning method for hydrogen demand oriented off-grid integrated energy, comprising:

[0047] S1, a hydrogen production-storage-use whole process model of off-grid integrated energy is constructed, which comprises an off-grid hydrogen production section model, a compression buffer section model and an industrial synthesis section model, the off-grid hydrogen production section model comprises a water electrolysis hydrogen production model, a biomass gasification hydrogen production model and a natural gas reforming hydrogen production model, the compression buffer section model comprises a compressor model and a hydrogen storage tank model, and the industrial synthesis section model comprises an industrial hydrogen load model;

[0048] S2, a hydrogen production system double-layer planning model is constructed, which comprises an upper-layer planning model and a lower-layer operation model, the upper-layer planning model takes the minimum construction and operation cost, the minimum carbon emission and the maximum total hydrogen production of the hydrogen production system as the target, and the lower-layer operation model takes the minimum operation cost of the hydrogen production system as the target;

[0049] S3, the hydrogen production system double-layer planning model is solved to obtain an optimal planning scheme.

[0050] For off-grid hydrogen production system, there are two problems that need further study: (1) how to ensure the stability of hydrogen production to meet the actual industrial demand; (2) how to combine different hydrogen production technologies to improve the efficiency of hydrogen production through technology complementation. The present application aims at the above problems existing in the prior art, constructs the hydrogen production-storage-use whole process model of off-grid integrated energy as shown in Figure 2 , and provides a planning method of integrated energy hydrogen production system considering industrial actual hydrogen demand and combining multiple hydrogen production technologies.

[0051] Further, the off-grid hydrogen production section equipment includes new energy power generation equipment, proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell, biomass gasification furnace, natural gas reforming equipment, energy storage power station, oxygen storage tank and natural gas storage tank. The new energy power station, energy storage power station, oxygen storage tank and natural gas storage tank are conventional models, which will not be described here. The present application combines water electrolysis hydrogen production, biomass gasification hydrogen production and natural gas reforming hydrogen production, realizes relatively stable hydrogen production, considers the coupling utilization of byproduct oxygen of water electrolysis hydrogen production and byproduct natural gas of biomass gasification hydrogen production, constructs an off-grid hydrogen production section model, specifically:

[0052] A1, proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production model

[0053] The proton exchange membrane water electrolysis device has the advantages of quick start and stop, flexible power regulation, high energy utilization efficiency, etc., is suitable for combination with renewable energy such as wind and light, and the power consumption of water electrolysis can be represented as:

[0054]

[0055] In the formula, P t WE is the power consumed by water electrolysis at time t; N cell is the number of electrolytic chambers; and are the voltage and current of the electrolytic cell running at time t; E, and are the Nernst potential of the electrolytic cell, the ohmic overpotential of the electrolytic cell at time t, and the activation overpotential of the electrolytic cell at time t; U rev is the reversible voltage; R is the ideal gas constant; T cell is the working temperature of the electrolytic cell; F is the Faraday coefficient; and are the partial pressures of hydrogen and oxygen; is the activity of water; α an and α cat are the charge transfer coefficients of the anode and the cathode; i an and i cat are the current densities of the anode and the cathode; is the current density at time t.

[0056] The hydrogen and oxygen production of water electrolysis can be represented as:

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, and are the hydrogen and oxygen production of water electrolysis at time t; h F is the Faraday efficiency.

[0059] A2, biomass gasification hydrogen production model

[0060] Biomass gasification hydrogen production is the process of converting biomass particles into hydrogen-containing combustible gas in gasification agent. The byproduct oxygen produced in the process of electrolyzing water can be used as a gasification agent to improve the concentration and energy efficiency of hydrogen production from biomass. In the presence of oxygen as a gasification agent, the overall gasification reaction is as follows:

[0061]

[0062] In the formula, CH 1.44 O 0.66 is the chemical expression of biomass; is the oxygen consumption coefficient; c CO-BG , is the coefficient of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water, and methane products.

[0063] According to the principles of element balance, equilibrium constant, and heat balance equation, the relationship equation between biomass, oxygen, and generated gas is as follows:

[0064]

[0065] In the formula, is the consumption of biomass at time t; is the yield of biomass gasification hydrogen at time t; is the consumption of oxygen at time t; is the yield of natural gas at time t; is the yield of carbon dioxide at time t.

[0066] A3, natural gas reforming hydrogen production model

[0067] Natural gas reforming hydrogen production is more flexible than the previous two technologies. Hydrogen production can change with demand fluctuations, but it will bring high carbon emissions. In a pure oxygen environment, the yield of natural gas reforming hydrogen production increases, and impurities decrease.

[0068] The natural gas reforming equipment is composed of two interconnected reactors, namely the fuel reactor and the steam reactor. The oxygen carrier in the fuel reactor is reduced to a low-valence oxide (MeO n ) or a simple substance (Me), generating H2O and CO2. In the steam reactor, MeO n or Me is partially oxidized by H2O to generate gas, which is condensed to obtain high-purity H2. In addition, the reduced oxygen carrier is completely oxidized by oxygen. In this invention, natural gas (CH4) is used as fuel, and iron oxide is used as an oxygen carrier. The reaction process is as follows:

[0069]

[0070] ΔX s = X SR - X FR ;

[0071]

[0072] wherein, is the consumption of biomass at time t; is the relative molecular mass of Fe3O4 after complete oxidation; is the relative molecular mass of Fe3O4; is the production of FeO at time t; is the production of Fe at time t; X SR and X FR are the conversion rates of oxygen carriers at the outlet of the steam reactor and the fuel reactor, respectively; ΔX S is the difference between the conversion rates of oxygen carriers at the outlet of the steam reactor and the fuel reactor; is the production of Fe3O4 at time t; is the production of hydrogen from natural gas reforming at time t; is the hydrogen production coefficient in the reaction; is the consumption of natural gas at time t; is the oxygen production coefficient in the reaction; is the consumption of oxygen at time t.

[0073] A4, coupling constraints of matter and energy

[0074] The byproduct oxygen from water electrolysis can be used for biomass gasification and natural gas reforming to produce hydrogen, to improve hydrogen production and reaction efficiency, and the byproduct natural gas from biomass gasification can be used as fuel for hydrogen reforming.

[0075] Coupling constraints of oxygen:

[0076]

[0077] wherein, is the amount of oxygen from water electrolysis equipment to the oxygen storage tank at time t; is the amount of oxygen from water electrolysis equipment to the biomass gasification hydrogen production equipment at time t; is the amount of oxygen from water electrolysis equipment to the natural gas reforming hydrogen production equipment at time t; is the amount of oxygen from the oxygen storage tank to the biomass gasification hydrogen production equipment at time t; is the amount of oxygen from the oxygen storage tank to the natural gas reforming hydrogen production equipment at time t.

[0078] Coupling constraints of natural gas:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, The amount of natural gas transported by the biomass gasification hydrogen production equipment to the natural gas reforming hydrogen production equipment at time t; The amount of natural gas transported by the biomass gasification hydrogen production equipment to the natural gas storage tank at time t; The amount of natural gas transported by the natural gas storage tank to the natural gas reforming hydrogen production equipment at time t.

[0081] Total hydrogen production:

[0082]

[0083] In the formula, Total hydrogen production at time t.

[0084] The electricity required for water electrolysis and the compressor is all from wind and light power generation or energy storage equipment:

[0085]

[0086] In the formula, P t pv And P t wt Actual output of photovoltaic and wind power at time t; P t es_ch And P t es_dis Charging and discharging power of energy storage at time t; P t WE Power consumed by water electrolysis at time t; P t comp Power of the compressor at time t.

[0087] The present application combines water electrolysis hydrogen production, biomass gasification hydrogen production, and natural gas reforming hydrogen production, realizes the complementary advantages of the three technologies, uses the byproduct oxygen of water electrolysis and the byproduct natural gas of biomass gasification to improve the overall efficiency of the hydrogen production system, and uses the low carbon of water electrolysis hydrogen production and biomass gasification hydrogen production and the stability and controllability of natural gas hydrogen production to realize relatively green and stable and controllable hydrogen production.

[0088] Further, since the industrial synthesis process has a high requirement for the pressure of the raw gas, the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production section is insufficient in pressure, and the two cannot be directly coupled. In addition, the load regulation speed of the industrial synthesis section is relatively slow, while the hydrogen production of the off-grid hydrogen production system usually has a certain volatility, and a buffer storage section is needed between the two to meet the stability requirements of industrial hydrogen.

[0089] In order to facilitate hydrogen storage and meet the pressure requirements of industrial hydrogen, a compressor is needed to compress the hydrogen into high-pressure hydrogen, and the model of the compressor is:

[0090]

[0091] Compressor operation needs to be below maximum power:

[0092]

[0093] where R t comp is the power consumption of the compressor at time t; is the specific heat capacity constant of hydrogen; is the hydrogen input flow rate at time t; T in is the input hydrogen temperature; γ is the isentropic exponent of hydrogen; η comp is the compressor operating efficiency; k comp is the compression ratio; is the maximum power consumption of the compressor.

[0094] Further, the hydrogen storage tank model is:

[0095]

[0096] The amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank should be balanced within a day:

[0097]

[0098] The hydrogen storage tank also needs to meet the capacity constraint:

[0099]

[0100] where, is the hydrogen storage amount of the hydrogen storage tank at time t; is the hydrogen storage amount of the hydrogen storage tank at time t-1; is the hydrogen input flow rate at time t; is the industrial hydrogen load at time t; η in and η out are the efficiencies of hydrogen storage tank injection and release; and are the hydrogen storage amounts of the hydrogen storage tank at the first and last times of a day; m HS_max is the maximum hydrogen storage amount of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0101] Further, the industrial hydrogen load model is:

[0102] Since the load adjustment capability of the industrial synthesis section is limited, hydrogen as an input raw material needs hydrogen input to ensure that the load is within the allowable range of industrial synthesis:

[0103]

[0104] Because the load adjustment rate of chemical synthesis is slow, the rate change of hydrogen input needs to be constrained:

[0105]

[0106] In order to ensure the safety and stability of industrial synthesis, the load can only be adjusted once within a certain time, therefore, the hydrogen input can only be changed once within a certain time:

[0107]

[0108] In the formula, n H_load_min and n H_load_max are the minimum and maximum values of the industrial hydrogen load; and are the maximum decrease rate and the maximum increase rate of the industrial hydrogen load; d a (t) is a binary variable, when the industrial hydrogen load changes, d a (t) is 1, when the industrial hydrogen load does not change, d a (t) is 0; D is the minimum interval of the industrial hydrogen load adjustment time; T is the entire scheduling period; M is a very large positive number; d a (t) is the industrial hydrogen load variable, indicating whether the industrial hydrogen load changes.

[0109] The present application is different from the traditional planning which only considers the hydrogen production cost, and a hydrogen production-storage-use full-process model of off-grid comprehensive energy considering the hydrogen production section, compression buffer section and industrial synthesis section is constructed, the requirement of hydrogen production for hydrogen production stability is considered, and the cost increase and safety hazards caused by a large number of hydrogen storage tanks are avoided.

[0110] Further, in the bi-level planning model of the hydrogen production system, the upper planning model solves the problem of optimal configuration of hydrogen production equipment capacity, and the lower operation model solves the problem of operation scheduling of the hydrogen production equipment.

[0111] The upper planning model is a multi-objective planning, and the objective functions are respectively the construction and operation cost, carbon emission and total hydrogen production of the system.

[0112] Objective one: construction and operation cost of the hydrogen production system

[0113] The construction and operation cost of the hydrogen production system includes the annualized investment cost, maintenance cost and operation cost of the equipment, specifically:

[0114]

[0115] Due to the limitation of the actual installation site size, the installation capacity of the equipment has an upper limit, specifically:

[0116]

[0117] where, is the construction and operation cost; is the annualized investment cost; is the maintenance cost; is the annual operation cost; is the construction capacity of equipment i; is the construction cost of equipment i; r is the discount rate; τ i is the life cycle of equipment i; is the maintenance coefficient of equipment i; is the upper limit of installation capacity of equipment i, I is the number of equipment types.

[0118] Objective two: carbon emissions

[0119] Carbon emissions are an important indicator of environmental benefits. Carbon emissions of the hydrogen production system mainly come from natural gas combustion and biomass transportation, specifically:

[0120]

[0121] where, C carbon is the carbon emissions; T is the entire scheduling period; is the carbon emission coefficient of biomass transportation; is the consumption of biomass at time t; is the carbon emission coefficient of natural gas; is the consumption of natural gas at time t.

[0122] Objective three: total hydrogen production

[0123] The hydrogen production system needs to produce as much hydrogen as possible to meet industrial demand to obtain higher economic benefits, specifically:

[0124]

[0125] where, is the total hydrogen production; is the production of hydrogen produced by electrolysis of water at time t; is the production of hydrogen produced by natural gas reforming at time t, is the production of hydrogen produced by biomass gasification at time t.

[0126] The lower operation model mainly includes the cost of biomass raw materials and the cost of natural gas raw materials. The lower operation model is:

[0127]

[0128] where, is the unit cost of biomass; is the unit cost of natural gas.

[0129] Further, the optimal planning scheme is obtained by solving the hydrogen production system bi-level programming model, including:

[0130] First, the upper planning model is solved by using the NSGA-2 algorithm, and the lower operation model is solved by using a commercial solver, the solving results of the upper planning model are transmitted to the lower operation model, and the solving results of the lower operation model are transmitted to the upper planning model, and the optimal planning scheme set is solved by iteration between the upper and lower layers, then the weights of the construction and operation cost, carbon emission and total hydrogen production of the three targets are calculated based on the analytic hierarchy process, and then the optimal planning scheme is selected by using the TOPSIS method.

[0131] The solution of the multi-objective optimization problem is a feasible solution set composed of the Pareto front. The multi-objective optimization problem to be solved by the application has the characteristics of nonlinearity and discreteness, and is a multi-objective mixed integer nonlinear programming problem, which cannot be directly solved by using a commercial solver. Therefore, the intelligent algorithm is combined with the solver in the application, the planning variables are decided by using the NSGA-2 algorithm in the upper layer, the operation is solved by using the commercial solver gurobi / Cplex in the lower layer, and the multi-objective optimization problem is solved by iteration between the upper and lower layers.

[0132] The time scale of the upper planning model is one year, and the time scale of the lower operation model is one day, and the scheduling interval is 1 hour. The installed capacity of the planned new energy, hydrogen production equipment, energy storage equipment and the like is transmitted to the lower layer by the upper layer, the results are returned to the upper layer by using the solver for fast solving, the planning schemes are sorted by the upper layer, new planning schemes are generated by cross-over and mutation operations, and the optimal planning scheme set is obtained by iteration between the upper and lower layers.

[0133] In order to ensure the representativeness of the calculation results throughout the year, the lower layer calculates based on the random optimization theory and multiple typical days for the wind and light output curves, and the operation results are weighted and summed based on the appearance probability of the typical days and transmitted to the upper layer.

[0134] The generation and reduction method of the wind and light typical days: 3000 groups of 24-hour wind and light output data are generated based on the scene generation method of the generative adversarial network, the synchronous back substitution method is used to cluster the generated 3000 groups of wind and light data, the clustering number is selected as 4, and the typical scenes and the appearance probability of each typical scene are obtained.

[0135] Optimal planning scheme selection strategy based on AHP+TOPSIS

[0136] Since the multi-objective optimization problem will finally form an optimal Pareto solution set, each solution is a feasible planning scheme, in order to develop an optimal planning scheme, the Pareto solution set needs to be selected again.

[0137] Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a combination of quantitative and qualitative decision analysis method, often used in multi-attribute decision making, such as enterprise selection of investment projects, product design, etc. With the help of AHP method, the weight of three targets can be obtained, and the method is as follows:

[0138] AHP method needs to list the factors to be compared first, compare and analyze each factor, use the comparison results to form a relative importance matrix, and after checking the consistency of the calculation results, the weight of each index is obtained.

[0139] 1) Compare the scores of each index given by experts with each other, and after forming a matrix, the weight of each index evaluated by each expert is obtained.

[0140] 2) Repeat the above step, and form a matrix of the index weight of all experts:

[0141]

[0142] 3) Calculate the correlation coefficient matrix

[0143]

[0144] Correlation coefficient matrix:

[0145]

[0146] 4) Eliminate the scores with large differences from other experts

[0147]

[0148] If d i is larger, it means that the expert is more consistent with other experts, otherwise it means that the expert's opinion is more inconsistent with other experts.

[0149] 5) Calculate the average value of the weight matrix vector after screening is the weight value of the evaluation index, and

[0150] Through the above method, the weight of the construction and operation cost, carbon emission and total hydrogen production of the off-grid hydrogen production system can be obtained.

[0151] TOPSIS method is widely used to select the optimal solution according to the distance between ideal solution and negative ideal solution. In the present application, the weight of each evaluation target is set according to the weight obtained by AHP method, and the optimal ideal solution and negative ideal solution results based on TOPSIS method are obtained by weighted calculation.

[0152] The intelligent algorithm is combined with an optimization solver, a multi-objective mixed integer nonlinear programming problem is solved, the problem that a traditional solver cannot directly solve is overcome, an optimal planning scheme set is obtained, and optimal planning scheme selection is carried out through an AHP+TOPSIS analysis method.

[0153] Referring to Figure 3 The application further provides an off-grid comprehensive energy hydrogen production system planning device for hydrogen demand, which is applied to the off-grid comprehensive energy hydrogen production system planning method.

[0154] A hydrogen production-storage-use whole-process model construction module is configured to construct an off-grid comprehensive energy hydrogen production-storage-use whole-process model comprising an off-grid hydrogen production section model, a compression buffer section model and an industrial synthesis section model, the off-grid hydrogen production section model comprising a water electrolysis hydrogen production model, a biomass gasification hydrogen production model and a natural gas reforming hydrogen production model, the compression buffer section model comprising a compressor model and a hydrogen storage tank model, and the industrial synthesis section model comprising an industrial hydrogen load model.

[0155] A hydrogen production system double-layer planning model construction module is configured to construct a hydrogen production system double-layer planning model comprising an upper-layer planning model and a lower-layer operation model, the upper-layer planning model taking the minimum construction and operation cost, the minimum carbon emission and the maximum total hydrogen production of the hydrogen production system as the target, and the lower-layer operation model taking the minimum operation cost of the hydrogen production system as the target.

[0156] An optimal planning scheme solution module is configured to solve the hydrogen production system double-layer planning model to obtain an optimal planning scheme.

[0157] Referring to Figure 4 The application further provides an off-grid comprehensive energy hydrogen production system planning device for hydrogen demand, which comprises a memory and a processor.

[0158] The memory is configured to store computer program codes and transmit the computer program codes to the processor.

[0159] The processor is configured to execute the off-grid comprehensive energy hydrogen production system planning method for hydrogen demand according to instructions in the computer program codes.

[0160] The application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer programs, and the computer programs are executed by a processor to implement the off-grid comprehensive energy hydrogen production system planning method for hydrogen demand.

[0161] Generally, consistent with the present application, computer instructions to implement the methods can be carried by any combination of one or more computer readable media. Non-transitory computer readable storage media can include any computer readable media, except for a transitory, propagating signal itself.

[0162] The computer readable storage media can be, for example but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the above. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage media include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In the present application, the computer readable storage media can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0163] The computer program code to carry out operations of the present application can be written in one or more programming languages or combinations of languages including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages, and specifically Python language and platform frameworks based on TensorFlow, PyTorch, etc. suitable for neural network computing. The program code can execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection can be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider).

[0164] The above-mentioned devices and non-transitory computer readable storage media can refer to the specific description of the off-grid integrated energy hydrogen production system planning method for hydrogen demand and the beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.

[0165] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be interpreted as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for planning an off-grid integrated energy hydrogen production system for hydrogen demand, characterized in that: include: Constructing an off-grid integrated energy hydrogen production-storage-use full-process model including an off-grid hydrogen production section model, a compression buffer section model, and an industrial synthesis section model. The off-grid hydrogen production section model includes a water electrolysis hydrogen production model, a biomass gasification hydrogen production model, and a natural gas reforming hydrogen production model. The compression buffer section model includes a compressor model and a hydrogen storage tank model. The industrial synthesis section model includes an industrial hydrogen load model. Constructing a two-level planning model for the hydrogen production system, comprising an upper-level planning model and a lower-level operation model. The upper-level planning model aims to minimize the construction and operation costs of the hydrogen production system, minimize carbon emissions, and maximize total hydrogen production. The lower-level operation model aims to minimize the operating costs of the hydrogen production system. Solve the bi-level programming model of hydrogen production system to obtain the optimal planning scheme; The natural gas reforming hydrogen production model is: ； ； ； ； ； Where, for Biomass consumption at any given moment; for Relative molecular mass after complete oxidation; for The relative molecular mass; for time output; for time output; and are the conversion rates of oxygen carriers at the outlets of the steam reactor and the fuel reactor, respectively; is the difference in conversion rate of oxygen carriers at the outlet of the steam reactor and the fuel reactor; for time output; for The production of hydrogen produced by natural gas reforming at any given moment; is the hydrogen production coefficient in the reaction; for Natural gas consumption at any given moment; is the oxygen production coefficient in the reaction; for Oxygen consumption at all times.

2. The off-grid integrated energy hydrogen production system planning method for hydrogen demand according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The compressor model is: ； ； Where, For compressor Power consumption at all times; is the specific heat capacity constant of hydrogen; for Hydrogen input flow rate at each moment; is the input hydrogen temperature; is the hydrogen isentropic index; The working efficiency of the compressor; is the compression ratio; The maximum power consumption of the compressor.

3. The off-grid integrated energy hydrogen production system planning method for hydrogen demand according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hydrogen storage tank model is: ； ； ； Where, For hydrogen storage tanks The amount of hydrogen stored at a given moment; For hydrogen storage tanks The amount of hydrogen stored at a given moment; for Hydrogen input flow rate at each moment; for Industrial hydrogen load at the moment; and efficiency of filling and releasing hydrogen tanks; and The hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank at the first and last moments of the day; is the maximum hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank.

4. The off-grid integrated energy hydrogen production system planning method for hydrogen demand according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The industrial hydrogen load model is: ； ； ； ； Where, and are the minimum and maximum values ​​of industrial hydrogen load; and The maximum rate of decrease and the maximum rate of increase of industrial hydrogen load; is a binary variable. When the industrial hydrogen load changes, =1, when the industrial hydrogen load remains unchanged, is 0; Minimum interval for industrial hydrogen load adjustment; For the entire scheduling cycle; is a positive number; It is the industrial hydrogen load variable, indicating whether the industrial hydrogen load changes.

5. The off-grid integrated energy hydrogen production system planning method for hydrogen demand according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper-level planning model is: ； ； ； ； ； ； The lower layer operation model is: ； Where, For construction and operation costs; is the annualized investment cost; For maintenance costs; The operating cost for the whole year; For devices construction capacity; For equipment construction costs; is the discount rate; For equipment life cycle; For devices Maintenance factor; For devices The upper limit of the installation capacity; is the number of equipment types; is carbon emissions; For the entire scheduling cycle; is the carbon emission coefficient of biomass transportation; for Biomass consumption at any given moment; is the carbon emission coefficient of natural gas; for Natural gas consumption at any given moment; is the total hydrogen production; for The production of hydrogen produced by electrolysis of water at all times; for The production of hydrogen produced by natural gas reforming at any given moment; for The production of hydrogen from biomass gasification at all times; is the unit cost of biomass; is the unit cost of natural gas.

6. The off-grid integrated energy hydrogen production system planning method for hydrogen demand according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Solving the hydrogen production system bi-level programming model to obtain the optimal programming solution includes: First, the upper-level planning model is solved using the NSGA-2 algorithm, and the lower-level operation model is solved using a commercial solver. The solution of the upper-level planning model is passed to the lower-level operation model, and the solution of the lower-level operation model is passed to the upper-level planning model. The upper and lower layers are iterated back and forth to solve the optimal planning scheme set. Then, the weights of the three objectives of construction and operation costs, carbon emissions, and total hydrogen production are calculated based on the hierarchical analysis method, and then the TOPSIS method is used to select the optimal planning scheme.

7. A planning device for an off-grid integrated energy hydrogen production system oriented to hydrogen demand, characterized in that: The device is applied to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the device comprises: A hydrogen production-storage-use full-process model construction module is used to construct an off-grid comprehensive energy hydrogen production-storage-use full-process model including an off-grid hydrogen production section model, a compression buffer section model, and an industrial synthesis section model. The off-grid hydrogen production section model includes a water electrolysis hydrogen production model, a biomass gasification hydrogen production model, and a natural gas reforming hydrogen production model. The compression buffer section model includes a compressor model and a hydrogen storage tank model. The industrial synthesis section model includes an industrial hydrogen load model. The natural gas reforming hydrogen production model is: ； ； ； ； ； Where, for Biomass consumption at any given moment; for Relative molecular mass after complete oxidation; for The relative molecular mass; for time output; for time output; and are the conversion rates of oxygen carriers at the outlets of the steam reactor and the fuel reactor, respectively; is the difference in conversion rate of oxygen carriers at the outlet of the steam reactor and the fuel reactor; for time output; for The production of hydrogen produced by natural gas reforming at any given moment; is the hydrogen production coefficient in the reaction; for Natural gas consumption at any given moment; is the oxygen production coefficient in the reaction; for Oxygen consumption at any given moment; A hydrogen production system two-level planning model construction module is used to construct a two-level planning model for the hydrogen production system, which includes an upper-level planning model and a lower-level operation model. The upper-level planning model aims to minimize the construction and operation costs of the hydrogen production system, minimize carbon emissions, and maximize the total hydrogen production. The lower-level operation model aims to minimize the operation costs of the hydrogen production system. The optimal planning solution module is used to solve the two-level planning model of the hydrogen production system to obtain the optimal planning solution.

8. An off-grid integrated energy hydrogen production system planning device for hydrogen demand, characterized by: including memory and processor; The memory is configured to store computer program code and transmit the computer program code to the processor; The processor is configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 according to instructions in the computer program code.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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