Green technology for preventing and treating root-knot nematode harm

Abstract

The invention provides a green technology for preventing and treating the harm of meloidogyne incognita. According to the specific scheme, the method comprises the steps that 1, in the crop leisure period, root vegetables are planted; 2) after growing for a period of time, crushing the brassica napobrassica, turning the crushed brassica napobrassica into soil, covering the soil with a film, and fumigating; 3) after fumigating for a period of time, plowing and airing; and 4) planting conventional crops. The root-knot nematodes can attract second-stage larvae of the root-knot nematodes to invade the root systems of the root-knot nematodes through the trapping capacity and can kill the second-stage larvae and eggs of the root-knot nematodes in the soil through the biological fumigation capacity of overground fresh tissues of the root-knot nematodes, so that the density of the root-knot nematodes in the soil is greatly reduced, and the harm of the root-knot nematodes to next-stubble cultivated crops is reduced. Besides, the root-knot nematodes are highly sensitive crops, so that the root-knot nematodes can be planted for a short time to take away part of nematodes in the soil, and the root-knot nematodes can be used for indicating the crops to detect the earlier-stage treatment effect to a greater extent. The technology can be used as one of green root-knot nematode prevention and control technologies, and provides green food guarantee for environment protection and life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a green technology for preventing and controlling root-knot nematode damage. Background Art

[0002] The root-knot nematodes that cause serious harm in agricultural production mainly include southern root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita), northern root-knot nematodes (M. hapla), peanut root-knot nematodes (M. arenaria), Java root-knot nematodes (M. javanica) and elephant-ear bean root-knot nematodes (M. enterolobii). In recent years, with the adjustment of my country's agricultural industrial structure and the reform of the planting system, the technology of greenhouse vegetable cultivation has been promoted, and the area of ​​greenhouse vegetable cultivation has developed rapidly. Continuous cropping, closed environment of facilities, high temperature and high humidity have also provided a suitable environment for the occurrence and development of root-knot nematodes, making the root-knot nematode disease that has long been mainly harmful in the southern region a prominent problem in the current greenhouse cultivation in the north, seriously restricting the sustainable development and stable production of the greenhouse vegetable industry. Especially in the old vegetable producing areas, with the continuous planting of crops year after year, the incidence of nematode diseases has increased year by year, resulting in a 30% to 50% reduction in vegetable production, and even a total loss of production in severe cases. Vegetable root-knot nematode disease is a devastating infectious pest that mainly harms more than 30 kinds of vegetables, including tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, kudzu, beans, celery, peppers, cabbages, and Chinese cabbages. At the same time, the infection and damage of root-knot nematodes will also aggravate the occurrence of soil-borne diseases such as wilt and root rot.

[0003] At present, the methods for preventing and controlling root-knot nematode disease include chemical control, agricultural measures, physical methods, planting disease-resistant and disease-tolerant varieties, and biological control. However, there is a lack of varieties that are resistant and disease-tolerant to root-knot nematodes in production, and control mainly relies on chemical methods, which not only reduces the quality of vegetables, but also seriously damages the soil ecosystem and causes serious environmental pollution. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a technology for green control of at least one nematode damage in the genus Meloidogyne, which comprises the following steps:

[0005] 1) Planting gendar during the fallow period of crops;

[0006] 2) After the root vegetable has grown for a period of time, it is crushed and turned into the soil, covered with film and fumigated;

[0007] 3) After fumigation for a period of time, turn the soil over and air dry;

[0008] 4) Planting conventional crops.

[0009] In a specific embodiment, the root-knot nematode is Meloidogyne incognita.

[0010] In one embodiment, in step 1), the transplanting density of the Radix Gendae is 16 plants / m 2 Up to 20 plants / m 2 The planting density for direct sowing is 40 plants / m 2 Up to 60 plants / m 2 .

[0011] In a specific embodiment, in step 2), the growth time of the Radix Gendae is 35 days to 42 days.

[0012] In a specific embodiment, in step 2), the amount of the added radish is 2.5 kg / m2 to 7 kg / m2.

[0013] In a specific embodiment, in step 3), the fumigation time is 12 to 18 days.

[0014] In a specific embodiment, in step 3), the drying time is 3 days.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0016] The present invention discovers for the first time that the root knot vegetable can not only attract the second-instar larvae of the root-knot nematode to invade its own root system through the trapping ability, and remove the nematodes that have invaded the root system within 37 days to 42 days of growth, but also kill the second-instar larvae and eggs of the root-knot nematode in the soil through the biological fumigation ability of its fresh aboveground tissue, greatly reduce the density of the root-knot nematodes in the soil, and thus reduce the harm of the root-knot nematodes to the next crop cultivated; in addition, the root knot vegetable is also a crop that is highly sensitive to the root-knot nematode, that is, it can be used to remove some nematodes in the soil by planting it in a short time, and it can also be used as an indicator crop to detect the effect of pre-treatment to a greater extent. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The above contents of the present invention are further described in detail below in the form of preferred implementation cases, but they do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0018] Unless otherwise specified, the reagents in the embodiments of the present invention can be purchased through commercial channels.

[0019] Test nematode: Southern root-knot nematode (M. incognita).

[0020] The Genda vegetable variety is Baifengyuan Genda, a high-quality leafy vegetable breeding base in Shandong Province.

[0021] The tomato variety is Shuoyuan Jiali.

[0022] The small pot used for planting Genda vegetable has 12 small round holes in two circles at the bottom, 8 in the outer circle and 4 in the inner circle. The diameter of each small round hole is about 0.8 cm. The size of the flower pot is Φ11cm×10cm. The bottom of the flower pot is placed on a tray. The stem on the tray is Φ11cm and the height is about 2cm.

[0023] The small bowl used for biological fumigation is a glass canning jar of Φ6.5cm×11cm in size.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] Effects of different planting times on the ability to attract root-knot nematodes

[0026] 1) Seedling cultivation: Soak the seeds of Radish and Tomato in hot water at 50°C to 55°C for 20 minutes, stirring them constantly during the soaking process to avoid scalding the seeds. After that, wash them with clean water and soak them in clean water for about 6 hours. Then pour out most of the liquid, transfer the seeds to a sterilized culture dish covered with two layers of sterilized filter paper, and place them in a constant temperature incubator at 28°C for germination. The seeds begin to turn white in about 2 to 3 days. When about 70% of the seeds turn white, sow them on a seedling tray with seedling soil in advance, place them in greenhouse conditions for cultivation, and transplant them into flower pots when the seedlings grow to 5 leaves and one core in 35 to 45 days.

[0027] 2) Obtaining the root-knot nematodes used in the experiment: Transplant the grown tomato seedlings into pots, plant one plant in each pot, and plant them in sterilized (121°C, 30min) sandy soil ((fine sand: loam ratio is 3:1)). After planting, place them in a greenhouse (22°C to 27°C). After acclimatization for 5 days, inoculate with southern root-knot nematodes. The total number of eggs and second-instar larvae inoculated per plant is 1,000. When inoculating, use a glass rod to poke three holes in a triangle at a distance of 2cm to 3cm from the base of the tomato seedling stem. Use a 1mL pipette to suck up a nematode suspension of 1,000 eggs and second-instar larvae, and drip it vertically and evenly into the three small holes, and then cover the small holes with nearby soil. 70 days after inoculation, southern root-knot nematodes were obtained from the tomato roots.

[0028] Among them, the method of harvesting nematodes from tomato roots is to first wash the tomato roots, then cut them into small sections of 1 cm in length with scissors, add 1wt% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution to submerge the roots for 4 minutes, stir continuously with a glass rod, and then pour them onto a 60-mesh and 700-mesh nested sieves, rinse the 60-mesh sieve with running water, and then rinse the 700-mesh sieve until there is no smell of sodium hypochlorite, then rinse with sterile water 3 times, and collect the eggs and larvae on the 700-mesh sieve into a beaker. Then, a portion of the obtained mixed solution of root-knot nematode eggs and larvae (generally, eggs are mainly present in the solution just washed, and larvae are few) is poured into a 500 mL beaker, and the obtained suspension of nematode eggs is suspended with sterile water (configured to 1000 eggs and second-instar larvae / mL); the other portion is poured into a Φ15 cm sterilized culture dish, placed in a 28° C. constant temperature incubator for one week, then transferred to a shallow dish and still placed in a 28° C. incubator for one week, the hatched second-instar larvae (J2) are collected, the second-instar larvae are washed clean, and the obtained nematode suspension is suspended with sterile water, then an aqueous solution of streptomycin sulfate is added so that the concentration of streptomycin sulfate in the nematode suspension is 2000 ppm, the solution is disinfected for 10 hours, and then washed with sterile water for 5 times, the nematode solution is configured to have a concentration of 1000 second-instar larvae / mL with sterile water, and the solution is placed under 8 to 10° C. for inoculation of root knot vegetables and tomatoes.

[0029] 3) Nematode soil preparation and transplanting: After washing the root-knot nematode eggs, mix the eggs with sterile water to make a nematode solution with a concentration of 1,000 nematodes / mL, then use a pipette to draw 4 mL of the nematode solution containing about 4,000 nematodes. Mix it into 600 mL of sterilized sandy soil, and then put the mixed nematode soil into the flower pot, and transplant a 5-leaf, one-heart root vegetable seedling at the same time.

[0030] 4) Effect of different growth time of root-knot nematode attracting ability: The root-knot nematodes transplanted in step 2) were placed in a greenhouse at 20℃ to 30℃ together with the flower pots, and sampling surveys were conducted at 20d, 25d, 31d, 37d, and 42d after cultivation, with 3 plants randomly surveyed each time. The number of root knots in each root system and the number of new small egg capsules that had just begun to form were investigated. The results are shown in Table 1. Among them, the egg capsules were very small when they first formed, and the color was close to the color of the root system (light white). Slowly, the egg capsules gradually grew larger, and the color gradually changed from a color close to the root to milky white, light yellow, beige, and then brown. Moreover, when the egg capsules turned yellow, a large number of mature eggs and a small number of larvae had already appeared in them, while when they were just formed, there were almost no mature eggs in the egg capsules.

[0031] Table 1 Effects of different growth periods of Radix Glechomae on the ability to attract root-knot nematodes

[0032]

[0033]

[0034] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard error. Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences at the P < 0.05 level tested by Duncan's new multiple range method.

[0035] From the data in Table 1, we can see that small egg sacs have begun to appear on the roots of Radix Glehniae 37 days after transplantation, and by 42 days, 5.3 small egg sacs have been formed per plant. Therefore, when used as a trap crop, it should be pulled out before a small number of small egg sacs are formed on the roots after transplanting, that is, between 37 and 42 days, so as to bring the root-knot nematodes that have invaded the root system out of the soil, thereby reducing the density of soil nematodes and reducing the damage of root-knot nematodes to the next crop.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] Effects of different biological fumigation times on the survival of root-knot nematodes in Radix Glehniae

[0038] A) Preparation of soil with 10% moisture content: First sterilize the loam and fine sand (121℃, 30min), dry them separately, then mix them in the ratio of 1 part loam: 3 parts fine sand, and then use sterile water and the prepared sand to prepare the soil moisture content to 10% by weight.

[0039] B) Biological fumigation: Cut fresh root knot nematodes into pieces of about 1 cm in size with a kitchen knife, and then weigh 30 grams of fresh root knot nematode tissue with an electronic balance and mix it into 200 mL of prepared sand. After washing the second-instar larvae of the root-knot nematode, use sterile water to prepare a nematode solution with a concentration of 1000 nematodes / mL, then use a pipette to draw 4 mL of the nematode solution containing about 4000 nematodes and drop it into the mixed sterilized sand and root knot nematode tissue. After mixing evenly, put it into a 500 ml sterilized canned bottle, cover the bottle mouth with a layer of plastic wrap, and then cover the bottle cap (pierce a few small holes on the bottle cap first). C) Effect of fumigation time on the survival ability of root knot nematodes: Place the canned bottles treated in step B) in a constant temperature incubator at 25°C. Store them for 6d, 9d, 12d, 15d, and 18d respectively, and repeat 3 canned bottles for each treatment. After mixing the soil, take 50 mL of soil sample and pour it into a 500 mL centrifuge tube, add 100 mL of water, stir thoroughly with a glass rod for 30 seconds, centrifuge at 3000 rpm for 3 minutes, pour the supernatant into a set of 80 mesh and 700 mesh sieves, add 100 mL of sucrose solution with a density of 1.18 to the sediment (sucrose solution: 612 g sucrose, 1000 mL water), centrifuge at 3000 rpm for 3 minutes, pass the supernatant through a 700 mesh sieve, and collect the nematodes above 700 mesh. Check and record the number of dead nematodes and the number of live nematodes under a stereo microscope, and calculate the mortality rate and corrected mortality rate.

[0040] Table 2 Effects of different fumigation times on the survival of root-knot nematodes

[0041]

[0042] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard error. Different lowercase letters after the same line indicate significant differences at the P < 0.05 level tested by Duncan's new multiple range method.

[0043] From the data in Table 2, we can see that as the fumigation time increases, the lethality to root-knot nematodes increases, and the fumigation effect becomes better and better. The best effect was achieved at 18 days of fumigation, with a corrected mortality rate of 86.7%. However, the control mortality rate at 18 days was higher, reaching 18.1%, followed by fumigation at 12 days and 15 days, with a corrected mortality rate of 67.6% to 72.8%.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] Effects of different planting densities on the attracting capacity of root-knot nematodes

[0046] 3.1 The first crop is trapped by raising seedlings first and then transplanting

[0047] In step 3), 1, 2, or 3 genda seedlings were transplanted into each pot and placed in a greenhouse. After culturing for 38 days, the number of root knots of all plants in each pot was investigated, and then another genda seedling was transplanted. After 55 days of transplanting, the number of root knots formed on the root system was checked, and the root knot formation inhibition rate was calculated. When transplanting after induction, 4000 eggs / plant were inoculated as a control. Each treatment was repeated 3 pots.

[0048] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0049] The results are shown in Table 3.

[0050] Table 3 Effects of different planting densities on the ability to attract root-knot nematodes

[0051]

[0052] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard error. Different lowercase letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences at the P < 0.05 level tested by Duncan's new multiple range method.

[0053] The data in Table 3 show that if the radish is used as an attractant plant and pulled out before the egg capsules are formed on the root system, the damage of soil nematodes to the next crop can be reduced. Planting two radish seedlings within a range of about Φ11 cm can inhibit the formation of root knots by 54.9%.

[0054] 3.2 The first crop is attracted by direct sowing and then fumigated

[0055] In step 3), 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 seeds of Radix Glechomae are directly sown in each pot. When there are more than 1 seed, the seeds are scattered and sown at a depth of about 1.5 cm to 2 cm. The plants are placed in a greenhouse and cultured for 40 days. The number of root knots of all plants in each pot is investigated, and then one Radix Glechomae seedling is transplanted. The number of root knots formed on the root system is checked 55 days after transplanting, and the inhibition rate of root knot formation is calculated. When transplanting after induction, 4000 eggs / plant are inoculated as a control. Three pots are repeated for each treatment.

[0056] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0057] The results are shown in Table 4.

[0058] Table 4 Effect of direct sowing on root-knot nematodes in the first crop

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard error. Different lowercase letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences at the P < 0.05 level tested by Duncan's new multiple range method.

[0062] The data in Table 4 show that direct sowing of seeds can also play a good attracting role. Planting 3 seeds of Radix Glehniae within a range of about Φ11 cm can inhibit the formation of the second root knot by 57.6%.

[0063] Example 4

[0064] Effects of trapping followed by fumigation at different planting densities on root-knot nematode damage

[0065] 4.1 The first crop is lured by raising seedlings first, then transplanting and then fumigating

[0066] In step 3), 1, 2, and 3 root knots were transplanted into each pot, placed in a greenhouse, and cultured for 38 days. The number of root knots of all plants in each pot was investigated, and then the above-ground part was chopped with a kitchen knife and mixed into the pot soil. After fumigation for 14 days, the film was removed and placed for 3 days, and then another root knot was transplanted. After 55 days of transplantation, the number of root knots formed on the root system was checked, and the root knot formation inhibition rate was calculated. When transplanting again after fumigation, 4000 eggs / plant were inoculated as a control. Three pots were repeated for each treatment.

[0067] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0068] Table 5 Effects of trapping and fumigation at different planting densities on root-knot nematode damage

[0069]

[0070] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard error. Different lowercase letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences at the P < 0.05 level tested by Duncan's new multiple range method.

[0071] The data in Table 5 show that if the root vegetable is first used as a trapping plant, and the small egg capsules on the root system are pulled out before they are formed, and then the aboveground fresh tissue is used for fumigation, the damage of soil nematodes to the next crop can be greatly reduced, and the inhibition rate of root knot formation in the next crop can reach more than 69.6%. Because when 1, 2, and 3 root vegetables are planted within the range of Φ11cm, the fresh weight of the aboveground part grows within 38 days, and the ones with fewer plants grow larger, while the ones with more plants grow smaller, but the total weight difference is not obvious (the fresh weight of the aboveground part of each pot is between 25g and 33g).

[0072] 4.2 The first crop is attracted by direct sowing and then fumigated

[0073] In step 3), 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 seeds of Radix Glechomae are directly sown in each pot. When there are more than 1 seed, the seeds are scattered and sown at a depth of about 1.5 cm to 2 cm. The plants are placed in a greenhouse and cultured for 40 days. The number of root knots of all plants in each pot is investigated, and then the above-ground parts are chopped with a kitchen knife and mixed into the pot soil. After fumigation for 14 days, the film is removed and placed for 3 days, and then a Radix Glechomae seedling is transplanted. After 55 days of transplantation, the number of root knots formed on the root system is checked, and the inhibition rate of root knot formation is calculated. When transplanting again after fumigation, 4000 eggs / plant are inoculated as a control. Three pots are repeated for each treatment.

[0074] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0075] Table 6 Effects of direct sowing followed by fumigation on root-knot nematodes in the first crop

[0076]

[0077] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard error. Different lowercase letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences at the P < 0.05 level tested by Duncan's new multiple range method.

[0078] The data in Table 6 show that the damage of soil nematodes to the next crop can be greatly reduced by first attracting the Radix Glehniae by directly sowing seeds and then fumigating the fresh above-ground tissues, so that the inhibition rate of root knot formation in the next crop can reach more than 64.7%.

[0079] Comparing Table 5 and Table 6, there is no difference in the inhibition rate of root knot formation after fumigation with different numbers of plants per pot, indicating that among the two control effects of Radix Glechomae against root-knot nematodes, the fumigation effect is better than the trapping effect.

[0080] Example 5

[0081] Effects of different doses of fumigation on fresh tissues of Radix Glehniae on root-knot nematode damage

[0082] Ⅰ) Biofumigation and transplanting of different doses of Radix Glechomae: Cut fresh Radix Glechomae into pieces of about 1 cm in size with a kitchen knife, and then use an electronic balance to weigh 0g, 20g, 40g, 60g, 80g, and 100g of fresh Radix Glechomae tissues and mix them into 600mL of prepared sand. After the eggs of the root-knot nematode are washed clean, the eggs are mixed with sterile water to form a nematode solution with a concentration of 1000 nematodes / mL, and then 4mL of the nematode solution containing about 4000 nematodes is taken with a pipette and dropped into the mixed sterilized sand and Radix Glechomae tissues, and then mixed evenly and placed in a flower pot (the surface area of ​​the flower pot is 0.01m 2 ), cover the pot with 2 layers of mulch, and then fix the mulch around the pot with rubber bands. Place it in a climate room at 25℃±2℃. After fumigation for 14 days, uncover the film and use a small shovel to turn the soil in the pot. After leaving it for 3 days, transplant the root seedlings. When transplanting after fumigation, inoculate 4000 eggs / plant as a control. Repeat 6 pots for each treatment.

[0083] II) Investigation: Conduct an investigation 55 days after transplanting. Investigate the number of root knots formed on the root system and the disease level, and calculate the disease index and control effect.

[0084] The disease level is divided into: Level 0, no root knots on the root system; Level 1, the roots with root knots account for 0.1-10.0% of the entire root system; Level 2, the roots with root knots account for 10.1-25.0% of the entire root system; Level 3, the roots with root knots account for 25.1-50.0% of the entire root system; Level 4, the roots with root knots account for 50.1-75.0% of the entire root system; Level 5, the roots with root knots account for 75.1-100.0% of the entire root system.

[0085] Disease index = the sum of the product of the values ​​of each disease level and the number of plants at each disease level / (total number of plants surveyed ╳ the highest disease level value) ╳ 100

[0086] Control effect = (control disease index - treatment disease index) / control disease index * 100

[0087] Table 7 Effects of different doses of fumigation of fresh tissues of Radix Glechomae for 14 days on root-knot nematode damage

[0088]

[0089] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard error. Different lowercase letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences at the P < 0.05 level tested by Duncan's new multiple range method.

[0090] The potted method was used to verify the effect of different doses of fumigation on the root knot of Radix Glehniae for 14 days. The data in Table 7 show that after different doses of fumigation on the fresh tissue of Radix Glehniae for 14 days, there is a certain control effect. 2 The control effect was low when 20g of fresh tissue of Radix Glechomae was used in a flower pot containing 600mL of soil. With the increase of dosage, the control effect also increased. When 40g was used, the control effect reached 60.0%, and the dosage per square meter was 4.2kg; when 60g was used, the control effect reached 80%, and the dosage per square meter was 6.3kg.

[0091] Example 6

[0092] Field trials

[0093] 7.1 Effects of different densities on the yield of Radix Gleditsiae in two cultivation methods: raising seedlings first and then transplanting and direct sowing

[0094] (1) Raising seedlings of Radix Glehniae: Same as 1) in Example 1.

[0095] (2) Planting by raising seedlings first and then transplanting: In the plots where root-knot nematodes are seriously infested in the vegetable greenhouse, three 16m 2 The transplanting density was 16 plants / m 2 , 20 plants / m 2 and 24 plants / m 2 , and normal management was performed during the period. At 38 days after transplanting, three 1-square-meter radishes were selected from each plot for harvest, and the aboveground parts of the radishes were put together for weighing. The results are shown in Table 8.

[0096] (3) Direct sowing: Planting is carried out in the same plot as (2). 2 The sowing was carried out in the plots, and the sowing density was calculated according to the germination rate. The density of the retained seedlings after sowing was 16 plants / m 2 , 20 plants / m 2 and 24 plants / m 2 , and normal management was performed during the period. At 40 days after sowing, three 1-square-meter radishes were selected from each plot for harvest, and the aboveground parts of the radishes were put together for weighing. The results are shown in Table 8.

[0097] Table 8 Effects of different densities of raising seedlings first and then transplanting or direct sowing on the yield of Radix Glehniae

[0098]

[0099] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard error. Different lowercase letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences at the P < 0.05 level tested by Duncan's new multiple range method.

[0100] 7.2 Effects of different doses of fumigation on the damage of root-knot nematodes in the next crop of Radix Glehniae

[0101] a) Biological fumigation: Take the Radix Gendae prepared in 7.1 at 0kg / m 2 , 2.5kg / m 2 , 5kg / m 2 , 7kg / m 2 Weigh 16m 2 Weigh 3 portions of each amount and divide 12 16m2 plots on the other side of the same plot as 7.1 where the radish was not planted. 2 The plots are randomly arranged. Chop the radish into small pieces and spread evenly in each plot, then till the ground in time to a depth of 20cm to 25cm. Use a rake to level the ground surface. Cover each plot with a plastic film and compact the surrounding area with soil. The soil moisture should be between 10% and 15% before fumigation.

[0102] b) Film removal, airing and transplanting: After 14 days of fumigation, remove the film, turn the soil over and air dry for 3 days. After airing, transplant the roots to seedlings.

[0103] c) Investigation: Same as Example 5.

[0104] Table 9 Effects of different doses of fumigation on the next crop of root-knot nematodes

[0105]

[0106] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard error. Different lowercase letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences at the P < 0.05 level tested by Duncan's new multiple range method.

[0107] The data in Table 9 show that after 14 days of fumigation with different doses of fresh tissue of Radix Glechomae in the field, there is a certain control effect. With the increase of the dose, the control effect also increases. 2 The control effect is 47.6% when 5kg / m 2 The control effect is 55%, and there is no difference in the control effect when the usage is 5kg to 7kg per square meter.

[0108] Comparison between Table 8 and Table 9 shows that both the method of raising seedlings first and then transplanting and the method of directly sowing seeds can achieve the fumigation dosage. The transplanting density is 16 plants / m 2 Up to 20 plants / m 2 , after direct sowing, the seedling density is 40 plants / m 2 Up to 60 plants / m 2 .

Claims

1. A green method for controlling root-knot nematodes ( Meloidogyne ) A technique for preventing and controlling nematode damage, comprising the following steps: 1) Planting gendar during the fallow period of crops; 2) After the genda leaves have grown for a period of time, they are crushed and turned into the soil, covered with film and fumigated; 3) After fumigation for a period of time, turn the soil over and air dry; 4) Planting conventional crops.

2. The method according to claim 1, in a specific embodiment, the root-knot nematode is Meloidogyne incognita ( Meloidogyne incognita ); In one embodiment, in step 1), the transplanting density of the Radix Gendae is 16 plants / m 2 Up to 20 plants / m 2 The planting density for direct sowing is 40 plants / m 2 Up to 60 plants / m 2 ; In one specific embodiment, in step 2), the growth time of the Radix Gendae is 35 to 42 days; In one embodiment, in step 2), the amount of the added radish is 2.5 kg / m 2 Up to 7 kg / m 2 ; In one specific embodiment, in step 3), the fumigation time is 12 to 18 days; In a specific embodiment, in step 3), the drying time is 3 days.

Images