Method and apparatus for efficiently sorting magnetic ore

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of equipment and method for efficiently sorting magnetic ore, it is related to the technical field of ore dressing machine design and control.The equipment includes ore conveying mechanism, ore feeding mechanism, magnetic induction sensor assembly, ore sorting device, ore collection box and integrated industrial control box.Integrated air injection valve group and high-precision real-time controller in industrial control box, high-precision real-time controller is responsible for data acquisition and processing.The sorting method is through selecting appropriate sensor spacing, the magnetic signal generated by the ore passing above the sensor is collected in real time and intelligently noise reduction, and whether the ore grade meets the sorting requirement is judged using double threshold algorithm, if it meets, trigger jet sorting, and the ore is sent into the designated collection area.The application detects the magnetic signal of the ore to be sorted above the sensor assembly in real time, judges the magnetite grade, improves the ore dressing efficiency, brings different methods for ore dressing, and promotes the development of ore dressing industry towards digitization and intelligentization.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ore dressing machine mechanical design and control, in particular to the design of an efficient separation method and equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] China is rich in iron ore resources, but there are few rich ores, and many poor ores and refractory ores. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously import foreign iron ore to guarantee domestic iron ore production, which leads to a high dependence on foreign iron ore, affecting the development of China's ore dressing enterprises. For this reason, domestic enterprises have developed various ore dressing equipment, but the degree of intelligence and digitization is not high, and the field of intelligent ore dressing has not been reached. Although there are currently related patents, the methods and equipment proposed by them have the disadvantage that they cannot quickly and accurately separate ore in the case of multiple ores and small particle size, resulting in missed detection of many effective ores. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a method and equipment for efficiently separating magnetic ore, in order to make up for the shortcomings of current equipment, such as small separation speed, few separated ores, and low accuracy, in order to improve the utilization rate of ore.

[0004] In one aspect, the present application provides a method for efficiently separating magnetic ore, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step S1, the ore is spread on the conveyor belt by the vibrating feeder, the magnetic field of the detection area is detected by the Hall sensor using a permanent magnet, and the magnetic ore is magnetized, the magnetic ore including all ores with a higher magnetization coefficient, easier to magnetize and easier to detect a magnetic signal;

[0006] Step S2, the Hall sensor detects the magnetic signal of the magnetized ore and transmits it to the data acquisition chip of the industrial control board, and the waveform data is transmitted to the control chip after digital-to-analog conversion;

[0007] Step S3, the received waveform data is real-time de-noised using a filtering algorithm, and a double-threshold algorithm is used to determine whether the waveform is generated by magnetic ore;

[0008] Step S4, if the result is magnetic ore, the ore is marked and delayed for spraying, and the delay time is determined by the conveyor belt speed and the length of the sensor distance from the air jet opening;

[0009] Step S5, the magnetic ore leaves the conveyor belt and passes through the air jet opening, if the delay time ends, the air jet opening sprays the magnetic ore, thereby realizing the separation of the magnetic ore.

[0010] Further, the step S1 specifically comprises:

[0011] Step S11, the target ore is directly poured into the hopper, so that the ore can continuously fall into the tray of the vibrating feeder;

[0012] Step S12, the target ore is vibrated by a vibrating feeder, so that the ore can be evenly laid on the top of the conveyor belt to pass under the magnet for magnetization in sequence;

[0013] Step S13, immediately after magnetization, the magnetized ore is transported by the conveyor belt over the sensor and detected.

[0014] Further, the step S2 specifically comprises:

[0015] Step S21, after the Hall sensor detects the magnetic signal of the magnetized ore, the magnetic signal is transmitted to the data acquisition chip of the industrial control board;

[0016] Step S22, the data acquisition chip directly converts the magnetic signal from analog data to digital waveform data and transmits it to the control chip for further processing.

[0017] Further, the step S3 specifically comprises:

[0018] Step S31, after the data acquisition chip transmits the waveform data to the control chip, an intelligent denoising algorithm is used for noise reduction, and the denoised data is transmitted to the control program;

[0019] Step S32, the control program obtains the denoised waveform data, uses a double-threshold algorithm to determine whether the passing ore meets the blowing condition, if yes, it is a magnetic ore, if not, it is a waste ore.

[0020] Further, the step S5 specifically comprises:

[0021] Step S51, after the delay time, the control chip controls the action of the air valve;

[0022] Step S52, if the ore particle size is greater than 10mm and occupies multiple channels, and multiple channels are detected as magnetic ore, the air valve corresponding to the channel will act at the same time to realize blowing;

[0023] Step S53, the magnetic ore will change the motion trajectory under force, while the waste ore will not change the motion trajectory without force, based on which, the magnetic ore will be completely separated from the waste ore and fall into the corresponding collection box.

[0024] Further, the step S31 specifically comprises:

[0025] Step S311, an intelligent denoising algorithm is used, including but not limited to grey wolf optimization algorithm to optimize the parameters of variational mode decomposition algorithm, to obtain the optimal parameter combination under the specified conditions: decomposition layer number k and penalty factor a;

[0026] Step S312: Use the variational mode decomposition algorithm under optimal parameters to decompose the original signal into multiple intrinsic mode function (IMF) signals;

[0027] Step S313: Use the sample entropy method to screen out the IMF signals containing effective magnetic signal features;

[0028] Step S314: Use the wavelet threshold denoising algorithm or other denoising algorithms with better effects to denoise the screened IMF signals to obtain the denoised IMF signals;

[0029] Step S315: Reconstruct the denoised IMF signals to obtain the final denoised signal.

[0030] Further, the specific steps of step S32 include:

[0031] Step S321: Take multiple denoised waveform data when no ore passes through and calculate their average value as the baseline of the double-threshold algorithm;

[0032] Step S322: Establish threshold lines R1 and R2, where R1 < R2, which represents the difference from the baseline;

[0033] Step S323: Take out the non-baseline value data after denoising and record it as B1, subtract it from the baseline value, and judge the size of the difference from the baseline value R1;

[0034] Step S324: If the difference is less than R1, it is determined that the data is noise; if the difference is greater than R1, it means that the data is caused by ore and is determined as a waveform. Continue to obtain the next data B2, subtract it from the baseline value to obtain the difference C1, temporarily store this data, continue to obtain the next round of data B3, subtract it from the baseline value to obtain the difference C2;

[0035] Step S325: Compare the sizes of C! and C2. If C1 > C2, it is determined that B2 is the peak point of the wave crest, C! is the peak value of the wave crest, and this peak value is set as the amplitude and temporarily stored in the next step. If C1 < C2, continue to obtain the next data B4, obtain the difference C3 between it and the baseline value, and compare the sizes of C! and C2. Repeat this step until the amplitude Cn is obtained and the amplitude is temporarily stored in the next step;

[0036] Step 326: Assume the stored amplitude is M, compare M with R2. If M >= R2, it means that the ore meets the injection conditions and is determined as a magnetic ore.

[0037] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a device for efficiently sorting magnetic ores, which uses the above-mentioned method for efficiently sorting magnetic ores to sort magnetic ores, including an ore feeding mechanism, an ore conveying mechanism, a magnetic induction sensor assembly, an integrated industrial control box, an ore sorting device, and an ore collection box arranged in sequence;

[0038] The ore feeding mechanism comprises a vibrating feeder support, a hopper and a vibrating feeder. The vibrating feeder support is placed near one end of the conveyor belt mechanism, so that the ore can fall onto the conveyor belt through vibration. The large end of the hopper is placed on the upper end of the vibrating feeder support, and the small end of the hopper is placed near the feeding tray of the vibrating feeder. The vibrating feeder is placed in the middle of the vibrating feeder support, and the discharge end of the feeding tray is placed directly above the conveyor belt mechanism.

[0039] The ore conveying mechanism comprises a conveyor belt mechanism and conveyor belt side baffles. The ore conveying mechanism is placed on the ground, and the distance between the conveying plane and the ground and the width of the conveyor belt can be adjusted according to actual conditions. Conveyor belt side baffles are provided on both sides of the conveyor belt width to prevent ore from falling to the ground and missing detection.

[0040] The magnetic induction sensor assembly comprises a magnetization magnet and a sensor assembly. The magnetization magnet is a magnet with a width equal to that of the conveyor belt and is placed above the conveyor belt. The sensor assembly is a circuit board with a dense array of multiple Hall sensors and is placed below the conveyor belt in a sensor support, with a perpendicular distance to the conveyor belt of less than 5 mm to obtain more signals. The transverse distance between the magnetization magnet and the Hall sensor is not more than 1 cm to achieve better magnetization effect. The magnetization magnet is located near one end of the vibrating feeder.

[0041] The integrated industrial control box comprises a power supply, a splitter, an industrial control board, an industrial control box, a jet valve and a valve island. The industrial control box is placed below the conveyor belt and has a jet valve hole on one side, facing the side of the conveyor belt conveying direction. The industrial control board is placed in the upper part of the industrial control box. The input end collects Hall sensor data, and the output end controls the blowing action of the valve island and the jet valve. The valve island and the jet valve are placed in the lower part of the industrial control box, and the jet valve is embedded in the valve island. An external air pump provides gas for the valve island and receives the control signal from the output end of the industrial control board to realize the jetting action of the jet valve. The output end of the jet valve is connected to the side jet valve hole through an air pipe.

[0042] The ore sorting device comprises a nozzle mechanism placed at the end of the conveying direction of the conveyor belt, and the internal hole is connected to the side hole of the industrial control box through an air pipe.

[0043] The ore collection box comprises an L-shaped plate baffle, a waste ore collection box, a magnetic ore collection box and a collection box side baffle. The distance between the ore collection box and the end of the conveyor belt mechanism should not be too far, and it is placed on the ground with a height similar to that of the ore conveying mechanism. It is divided into two parts, the front part is the waste ore collection box, and the rear part is the magnetic ore collection box. The front and rear parts are separated by an L-shaped baffle, and the bottom is provided with a collection box side baffle to separate the sprayed magnetic ore and the unsprayed waste ore.

[0044] Further, the side of the conveyor belt mechanism is provided with a baffle plate, the length of which can be determined according to the stability of the belt, and one of the action points is to stabilize the ore so that it does not fall; the baffle plate and the conveyor belt can form any angle, but it must be noted that it cannot occupy the detection area of the sensor to prevent the ore detection area from being reduced.

[0045] Further, the circuit board integrated with multiple Hall sensors adopts an array arrangement, and the array distance is determined by the ore granularity; the circuit design between the multiple Hall sensors has a certain signal shielding function, making the sensor signal more stable; the number of Hall sensors is determined by the array distance and the width of the conveyor belt, and each Hall sensor represents a channel; the signal output end of the Hall sensor has integration, greatly reducing the operation difficulty, and the output is more stable.

[0046] Further, in the integrated industrial control box, the number of industrial control boards is determined by the number of sensors and the number of input ends of the industrial control board, but the data acquisition rate must not be lower than 1000HZ to prevent the ore data detection from being incomplete; the data acquisition chip and the control chip in the industrial control board are integrated, realizing high-speed acquisition, processing and control; the output end is connected with the input end of the air injection valve, and the number of air injection valves is determined by the number of Hall sensors, and the relationship between them is one-to-one, so that one Hall sensor can control one air injection valve, improving the separation efficiency; the action frequency of the air injection valve is determined by the ore granularity and the conveyor belt speed, and in order to prevent the special case of ore missing injection from occurring, the action frequency can be appropriately increased. Special cases refer to: when the distance between two pieces of ore with high magnetic susceptibility is less than 1 cm, and the conveyor belt speed is greater than 1 meter per second, the air injection valve does not achieve accurate separation of the other piece of ore due to the slow action frequency.

[0047] Further, the number of through holes in the nozzle mechanism is determined by the number of air injection valves, and the relationship between the holes and the air injection valves is one-to-one, and the relationship between the holes and the Hall sensor positions is a straight line along the direction of the conveyor belt, so that one Hall sensor can control its corresponding air injection valve, and the hole can blow on the ore to achieve separation; the angle at which the gas is injected from the hole is determined by the conveyor belt speed and the distance between the hole and the upper surface of the conveyor belt, so that when the gas is injected onto the ore, the ore receives the maximum force and changes the trajectory the most, greatly improving the separation efficiency.

[0048] Further, the angle and height of the L-shaped baffle in the ore collection box relative to the ground are determined by the movement trajectory of the ore when it leaves the conveyor belt, which can perfectly separate the blown ore from the unblown ore, achieving efficient separation.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the present application has the following advantages:

[0050] 1, the filtering algorithm greatly reduces the influence of noise on the magnetic ore waveform data in real time, and basically realizes no influence, and the double threshold algorithm is combined to realize more rapid and accurate separation of the magnetic ore;

[0051] 2, magnetization enhances the signal of the magnetic ore with a higher specific magnetization coefficient, expands the separation grade range of the magnetic ore, and stabilizes the detected regional magnetic field;

[0052] 3, the range of the separation grade of the magnetic ore is expanded, and the particle size of the detected ore is reduced, so that the detection and separation efficiency of the magnetic ore is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 A flowchart of a high-speed high-precision intelligent separation control method for magnetic ore provided in the present application is provided;

[0054] Figure 2 A comparison chart before and after magnetization of the magnet on the magnetic ore in the present application is provided;

[0055] Figure 3 An algorithm flowchart for noise reduction of collected data in the present application is provided;

[0056] Figure 4 A comparison chart before and after noise reduction of collected data in the present application is provided;

[0057] Figure 5 A double threshold algorithm flowchart for judging the waveform provided in the present application is provided;

[0058] Figure 6 An equipment structure diagram in the present application is provided;

[0059] Figure 7 A sensor assembly installation diagram in the present application is provided;

[0060] Figure 8 An installation diagram of the Hall sensor in the bracket in the present application is provided;

[0061] Figure 9 An industrial control box system structure diagram in the present application is provided;

[0062] Figure 10 An ore collection box structure diagram in the present application is provided.

[0063] Main component symbol explanation:

[0064]

[0065] The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the present application in conjunction with the above drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] For the purpose of promoting an understanding of the application, the application will now be described in greater detail with reference to the figures. Several embodiments of the application are depicted in the drawings. However, the application can be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete. It will fully convey the scope of the application to those skilled in the art, and that the application will fully meet the objects and advantages sought.

[0067] It should be noted that when an element as a "fixed" to another element, it can be directly on another element or there can be a middle element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to another element or there can be a middle element. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0068] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0069] Referring to Figure 1 The application provides a method for efficiently sorting magnetic ores, which comprises the following steps:

[0070] Step S1, the ores are evenly laid on the conveying belt by the vibrating feeder, the magnetic field of the detection area is detected by the Hall sensor stabilized by the permanent magnet, and the magnetic ores are magnetized, wherein the magnetic ores include all ores with higher magnetic susceptibility, easier magnetization and easier detection of magnetic signals;

[0071] It should be noted that in the application, the step S1 specifically comprises:

[0072] Step S11, the target ores are directly poured into the funnel, so that the ores can continuously fall into the tray of the vibrating feeder;

[0073] Step S12, the target ores are vibrated and fed by the vibrating feeder, so that the ores can be evenly laid above the conveying belt to be magnetized in turn below the magnet;

[0074] Step S13, after magnetization, the ores are immediately transported above the sensor by the conveying belt and detected.

[0075] Referring to Figure 1Specifically, when the ore falls on the conveying belt, the conveying belt transports the ore to below the magnet to magnetize the ore and improve the magnetism of the ore, but the magnetization effect lasts for a short time, and immediate detection is required to highlight the magnetization effect, so the Hall sensor is arranged immediately right to the magnet to detect the magnetic signal.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 2 It should be noted that the No. 1 graph is a waveform graph before magnetization, and the No. 2 graph is a waveform graph after magnetization, and the magnetization effect generated by the magnet placed 5 cm above the conveying belt is very obvious, that is, the peak value of the waveform is increased, and the magnetic ore signal can be stably detected.

[0077] In step S2, the Hall sensor detects the magnetic signal of the magnetized ore and transmits the magnetic signal to the data acquisition chip of the industrial control board, and the waveform data is transmitted to the control chip through digital-analog conversion.

[0078] It should be noted that in the present application, the step S2 specifically comprises:

[0079] In step S21, after the Hall sensor detects the magnetic signal of the magnetized ore, the magnetic signal is transmitted to the data acquisition chip of the industrial control board.

[0080] In step S22, the data acquisition chip directly converts the magnetic signal from analog data to digital waveform data and transmits the digital waveform data to the control chip for further processing.

[0081] In step S3, a filtering algorithm is used to perform real-time noise reduction on the received waveform data, and a double-threshold algorithm is used to determine whether the waveform is generated by the magnetic ore.

[0082] It should be noted that in the present application, the step S3 specifically comprises:

[0083] In step S31, after the data acquisition chip transmits the waveform data to the control chip, an intelligent denoising algorithm is used to reduce noise, and the denoised data is transmitted to the control program.

[0084] In step S32, the control program obtains the denoised waveform data, uses a double-threshold algorithm to determine whether the passing ore meets the blasting condition, and if so, it is a magnetic ore, and if not, it is a waste ore.

[0085] Please refer to Figure 3 It should be noted that in the present application, the step S31 specifically comprises:

[0086] In step S311, an intelligent denoising algorithm is used, including but not limited to grey wolf optimization algorithm to optimize the parameters of variational mode decomposition algorithm, to obtain the optimal parameter combination under the specified conditions: decomposition layer number k and penalty factor a.

[0087] Step S312, using the variational mode decomposition algorithm under the optimal parameter, the original signal is decomposed into a plurality of intrinsic mode function (IMF) signals;

[0088] Step S313, using the sample entropy method to screen out the IMF signal containing the effective magnetic signal feature;

[0089] Step S314, using the wavelet threshold denoising algorithm or other better denoising algorithm to denoise the screened IMF signal, and obtaining the denoised IMF signal;

[0090] Step S315, the denoised IMF signal is reconstructed to obtain the final required denoised signal.

[0091] Please refer to Figure 4 It should be noted that the intelligent algorithm used in the platform is the grey wolf optimization algorithm, the first graph is the unfiltered waveform graph, and the second graph is the filtered waveform graph, obviously, the noise reduction amplitude is large, but the wave peak reduction amplitude is low, so that the waveform is more easily detected.

[0092] Please refer to Figure 5 It should be noted that in the present application, the step S32 specifically comprises:

[0093] Step S321, taking a plurality of non-ore passing and denoised waveform data and calculating the average value thereof as the baseline of the double threshold algorithm;

[0094] Step S322, establishing threshold lines R1 and R2, and R1 < R2, which represents the difference from the baseline;

[0095] Step S323, taking out the non-baseline value data after denoising as B1, subtracting the baseline value, and judging the size of the difference value and the baseline R1;

[0096] Step S324, if the difference value is less than R1, it is determined that the data is noise; if the difference value is greater than R1, it is determined that the data is caused by ore, and is determined as a waveform, the next data B2 is continuously obtained, and the difference value C1 is obtained by subtracting the baseline value, the data is temporarily stored, the next round of data B3 is continuously obtained, and the difference value C2 is obtained by subtracting the baseline value;

[0097] Step S325, comparing C1 and C2, if C1 > C2, then B2 is determined as the peak point of the wave peak, C1 is the peak value of the wave peak, the peak value is determined as the amplitude and temporarily stored in the next step, if C1 < C2, then the next data B4 is continuously obtained, the difference value C3 is obtained by subtracting the baseline value, and C3 and C2 are compared, and the step is cycled until the amplitude Cn is obtained, and the amplitude is temporarily stored in the next step;

[0098] Step 326, set the amplitude of deposit M, compare M and R2 size, if M >= R2, the ore meets the conditions of blowing, and it is determined as a magnetic ore.

[0099] Step S4, if the result is a magnetic ore, the ore is marked and the blowing is delayed, and the delay time is determined by the speed of the conveying belt and the length of the distance between the sensor and the air jet opening;

[0100] Step S5, the magnetic ore leaves the conveying belt and passes through the air jet opening, and if the delay time ends, the air jet valve is actuated to blow, thereby realizing the separation of the magnetic ore.

[0101] Step S5, the magnetic ore leaves the conveying belt and passes through the air jet opening, and if the delay time ends, the air jet valve is actuated to blow, thereby realizing the separation of the magnetic ore.

[0102] It should be noted that in the present application, the step S5 specifically comprises:

[0103] Step S51, after the delay time, the control chip controls the air jet valve to actuate;

[0104] Step S52, if the ore particle size is greater than 10mm, and occupies multiple channels at the same time, and the multiple channels are all detected as magnetic ore, the air jet valves corresponding to the channels will actuate at the same time to realize blowing;

[0105] Step S53, the magnetic ore will change the motion trajectory under the force, and the waste ore will not change the motion trajectory without force, based on which, the magnetic ore will be completely separated from the waste ore and fall into the corresponding collection box.

[0106] Please refer to Figure 6 , on the other hand, the present application also provides a kind of efficient separation of magnetic ore equipment, using the above-mentioned efficient separation of magnetic ore method to separate magnetic ore, including sequentially arranged ore feeding mechanism 10, ore conveying mechanism 11, magnetic induction sensor assembly 12, integrated industrial control box 13, ore sorting device 14 and ore collection box 15;

[0107] The ore feeding mechanism includes a vibrating feeder support 101, a hopper 102 and a vibrating feeder 103, the vibrating feeder support 101 is placed near one end of the conveying belt mechanism 111, so that the ore can fall onto the conveying belt through vibration, the large end of the hopper 102 is placed on the upper end of the vibrating feeder support 101, the small end of the hopper 102 is placed near the feeding tray of the vibrating feeder 103, and the vibrating feeder 103 is placed in the middle of the vibrating feeder support 101, and the discharge end of the feeding tray is placed directly above the conveying belt mechanism 111.

[0108] The ore conveying mechanism includes a conveying belt mechanism 111 and a conveying belt side baffle 112. The ore conveying mechanism is placed on the ground. The distance between the conveying material plane and the ground and the width of the conveying belt can be adjusted according to actual conditions. The conveying belt side baffle 112 is arranged on both sides of the conveying belt width to prevent ore from falling to the ground and causing missed detection.

[0109] The magnetic induction sensor assembly includes a magnetization magnet 121 and a sensor assembly 122. The magnetization magnet 121 is a magnet with a width equal to the width of the conveying belt and is placed above the conveying belt. The sensor assembly 122 is a circuit board 1222 of a plurality of Hall sensors 1221 arranged in a dense array and is placed below the conveying belt in a sensor bracket 1223. The vertical distance between the conveying belt and the sensor bracket 1223 is less than 5 mm to obtain more signals. The transverse distance between the magnetization magnet 121 and the Hall sensor 1221 is not more than 1 cm to obtain a better magnetization effect. The magnetization magnet 121 is located close to one end of the vibrating feeder 103.

[0110] The integrated industrial control box includes a power supply 131, a line splitter 132, an industrial control board 133, an industrial control box 134, a jet valve 135, and a valve island 136. The industrial control box 134 is placed below the conveying belt and has a jet valve hole on one side, which faces one side of the conveying direction of the conveying belt. The industrial control board 133 is placed in the upper part of the industrial control box 134. The input end collects Hall sensor data, and the output end controls the blowing action of the valve island 136 and the jet valve 135. The valve island 136 and the jet valve 135 are placed in the lower part of the industrial control box 134, and the jet valve 135 is embedded in the valve island 136. An external air pump provides gas for the valve island 136 and receives the control signal from the output end of the industrial control board 133 to realize the jetting action of the jet valve 135. The output end of the jet valve 135 is connected to the side jet valve hole through an air pipe.

[0111] The ore sorting device includes a nozzle mechanism 141 placed at the end of the conveying belt in the running direction. The internal hole is connected to the side hole of the industrial control box 134 through an air pipe.

[0112] The ore collection box includes an L-shaped baffle 151, a waste ore collection box 152, a magnetic ore collection box 153, and a collection box side baffle 154. The distance between the ore conveying mechanism and the end of the conveying belt mechanism 111 should not be too far. The ore collection box is placed on the ground and has a height similar to that of the ore conveying mechanism. The ore collection box is divided into two parts: the front part is the waste ore collection box 152, and the rear part is the magnetic ore collection box 153. The front and rear parts are separated by an L-shaped baffle 151. The bottom is provided with a collection box side baffle 154, which can separate the sprayed magnetic ore and the unsprayed waste ore.

[0113] It should be noted that, in the present application, when the ore to be sorted is fully loaded in the hopper 102, the ore uniformly falls from the tray due to the vibration of the vibrating feeder 111, and is laid on the top of the running conveyor belt, and then the ore moves with the conveyor belt to below the magnet 121 for magnetization, and then the Hall sensor 1221 immediately collects data of the ore, and the industrial control board 133 immediately collects the data collected by the Hall sensor 1221, reduces noise, and detects the waveform at the same time, detects the generated waveform, and locates the channel where the waveform is generated, and then controls the delay of the corresponding air jet valve 135 of the channel, when the ore runs above the nozzle mechanism 141, the corresponding air jet valve 135 ends the delay control time countdown, and then sprays, and the magnetic ore falls into the magnetic ore collecting box 153 in the magnetic ore collecting box.

[0114] Further, the side of the conveyor belt mechanism 111 is provided with a baffle, the length of which can be determined according to the stability of the belt, and one of the functions is to stabilize the ore so that it does not fall off; the baffle and the conveyor belt can be at any angle, but it must be noted that it cannot occupy the detection area of the sensor to prevent the ore detection area from being reduced.

[0115] Further, the circuit board 1222 integrated with a plurality of Hall sensors adopts an array arrangement, and the array distance is determined by the particle size of the ore; the circuit design between the plurality of Hall sensors 1221 has a certain signal shielding function, so that the sensor signal is more stable; the number of Hall sensors 1221 is determined by the array distance and the width of the conveyor belt, and each Hall sensor 1221 represents a channel; the signal output end of the Hall sensor has integration, which greatly reduces the operation difficulty and the output is more stable.

[0116] Further, in the integrated industrial control box, the number of industrial control boards 133 is determined by the number of sensors and the number of input ends of the industrial control board 133, but the data acquisition rate should not be lower than 1000HZ to prevent the ore data detection from being incomplete; the data acquisition chip and the control chip in the industrial control board 133 are integrated, realizing high-speed acquisition, processing and control; the output end is connected with the input end of the air jet valve 135, and the number of air jet valves 135 is determined by the number of Hall sensors 1221, and the relationship between them is one-to-one correspondence, so that one Hall sensor 1221 can control one air jet valve 135, improving the sorting efficiency; the action frequency of the air jet valve 135 is determined by the particle size of the ore and the speed of the conveyor belt, in order to prevent the special case of missing spraying of the ore, the action frequency can be appropriately increased, the special case refers to: when the distance between two pieces of ore with high magnetization coefficient is not more than 1cm, and the speed of the conveyor belt is greater than 1m / s, the air jet valve does not realize accurate sorting due to the slow action frequency of the other piece of ore.

[0117] Further, the number of through holes in the nozzle mechanism 141 is determined by the number of air injection valves 135, and the hole and the air injection valve 135 have a one-to-one correspondence relationship, and the hole and the Hall sensor 1221 have a straight line relationship along the conveying belt direction, so that one Hall sensor 1221 can control the corresponding air injection valve 135 and the hole to spray and blow the ore, so as to realize separation; the angle of the gas sprayed from the hole is determined by the conveying belt speed and the distance between the hole and the upper surface of the conveying belt, so that when the gas is sprayed to the ore, the ore receives the maximum force and changes the trajectory most, thereby greatly improving the separation efficiency.

[0118] Further, the angle and height of the L-shaped baffle 151 in the ore collecting box relative to the ground are determined by the movement trajectory of the ore when it leaves the conveying belt, so that the sprayed ore and the unsprayed ore can be perfectly separated, and high-efficiency separation is realized.

[0119] It should be noted that in the present application, each wave shape is positioned by the industrial control board 133, and the delay time required for each ore to move from the detection point of the Hall sensor 1221 to the position of the nozzle in the nozzle mechanism 141 is calculated, and the corresponding air injection valve 135 is controlled in delay, so that the corresponding channel of the nozzle mechanism 141 blows air, and the detected magnetic ore is separated into the corresponding magnetic ore collecting box 153 in the ore collecting box.

[0120] It should be further clarified that the specific operation steps of using the above-mentioned high-speed and high-precision intelligent separation equipment for magnetic ore are as follows:

[0121] Step 1: Adjust the distance between the magnetizing magnet and the upper surface of the conveying belt according to the particle size range of the magnetic ore to be separated;

[0122] Step 2: Take out the air compressor suitable for use and connect it with the air injection valve part to provide high-pressure gas;

[0123] Step 3: Power on the equipment and start, the industrial control board program is successfully downloaded and reset, and the separation of the magnetic ore is prepared;

[0124] Step 4: Continuously pour the magnetic ore to be separated into the hopper, and evenly lay the magnetic ore on the upper side of the conveying belt through the vibrating feeder;

[0125] Step 5: The magnetic ore moves to the lower side of the magnetizing magnet along with the conveying belt and is magnetized, and the Hall sensor immediately collects data and transmits it to the industrial control box system;

[0126] Step 6: The industrial control board in the industrial control box system receives the data immediately and performs noise reduction and waveform detection, marks the detected waveform, locates the corresponding channel, calculates the delay blowing time, and then controls the delay action of the air injection valve corresponding to the channel;

[0127] Seventh step, when the detected magnetic ore moves to the nozzle mechanism, the delay action time is counted down, and the corresponding jet valve is actuated, the corresponding nozzle blows high-pressure gas, and the magnetic ore is forced to fall into the magnetic ore collection box;

[0128] Eighth step, cycle the fourth step to the seventh step.

[0129] In summary, the technical scheme of the present application has the following advantages:

[0130] 1, Real-time noise can greatly reduce the influence of magnetic ore signal, basically realize no influence, and combine double threshold algorithm, so that the Hall sensor can detect the magnetic ore more accurately and quickly, and realize separation;

[0131] 2, Magnetization makes the magnetic ore signal detected by the Hall sensor stronger, so that the sensor can detect weak ore signal, thereby expanding the separation grade of the magnetic ore, and stabilizing the magnetic field.

[0132] 3, The Hall sensor is arranged closely, small particle size ore can also be detected, and the industrial control board has high data acquisition and processing rate and high jet valve blowing frequency, so that the ore separation rate is also greatly improved, and rapid separation is realized.

[0133] The above-described embodiments only express one embodiment of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present patent. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for efficiently separating magnetic ores, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: The ore is spread on the conveyor belt by a vibrating feeder, and the magnetic field of the Hall sensor detection area is stabilized by a permanent magnet and the magnetic ore is magnetized. The magnetic ore includes all ores that have a calculated specific magnetization coefficient, are easy to magnetize, and have a detectable magnetic signal. Step S1 specifically includes: Step S11: Pour the target ore directly into the funnel so that the ore can fall continuously into the material tray of the vibrating feeder. Step S12: The target ore is fed by a vibrating feeder so that the ore can be evenly spread above the conveyor belt and pass under the magnet in sequence for magnetization, so as to achieve better detection. Step S13: After being magnetized, the ore is immediately transported by conveyor belt over the sensor and detected. In step S2, the Hall sensor detects the magnetic signal after the ore is magnetized and transmits it to the data acquisition chip of the industrial control board. After digital-to-analog conversion, the waveform data is transmitted to the control chip. Step S2 specifically includes: Step S21: After the Hall sensor detects the magnetic signal of the magnetized ore, it transmits the magnetic signal to the data acquisition chip of the industrial control board. In step S22, the data acquisition chip directly converts the magnetic signal from analog data into digital waveform data and then transmits it to the control chip for further processing. Step S3: Use a filtering algorithm to perform real-time noise reduction on the received waveform data, and use a double threshold algorithm to determine whether the waveform data is generated by magnetic ore; Step S3 specifically includes: Step S31: After the data acquisition chip transmits the waveform data to the control chip, it will use an intelligent noise reduction algorithm to reduce noise, and then transmit the noise-reduced data to the control program. Step S32: The control program obtains the waveform data after noise reduction and uses a double threshold algorithm to determine whether the ore passing through meets the injection conditions. If it does, it is magnetic ore passing through; otherwise, it is waste ore passing through. Step S4: If the judgment result is magnetic ore, then mark the ore and delay the blowing. The delay time is determined by the conveyor belt speed and the distance between the sensor and the air nozzle. In step S5, the magnetic ore leaves the conveyor belt and passes through the jet nozzle. If the delay time ends, the jet nozzle blows the magnetic ore to achieve the sorting of the magnetic ore.

2. The method for efficiently separating magnetic ores according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S5 specifically includes: Step S51: After the delay time expires, the control chip will control the jet valve to operate. Step S52: If the ore particle size is greater than 10mm and occupies multiple channels, and all channels are detected as magnetic ore, then the jet valves corresponding to the channels will operate simultaneously to achieve jet blowing. In step S53, the magnetic ore will change its trajectory due to the force applied, while the waste ore will not be subjected to any force and its trajectory will remain unchanged. Based on this, the magnetic ore will be completely separated from the waste ore and fall into the corresponding collection box.

3. The method for efficiently separating magnetic ores according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S31 specifically includes: Step S311: Use an intelligent denoising algorithm to optimize the parameters of the variational mode decomposition algorithm and obtain the optimal parameter combination under specified conditions: the number of decomposition layers k and the penalty factor a. Step S312: Using the variational mode decomposition algorithm with optimal parameters, the original signal is decomposed into multiple intrinsic mode function (IMF) signals; Step S313: Use the sample entropy method to screen out the IMF signals containing effective magnetic signal features; Step S314: Use the wavelet threshold denoising algorithm to denoise the screened IMF signals to obtain the denoised IMF signals; Step S315: Reconstruct the denoised IMF signals to obtain the final denoised signals.

4. The method for efficiently separating magnetic ores according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S32 are as follows: Step S321: Take multiple waveform data after denoising when no ore passes through and calculate the average value as the baseline of the double-threshold algorithm; [[ID= ​ ​ ​ ​ 5. A device for efficiently separating magnetic ores, comprising using the method for efficiently separating magnetic ores according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, ​ ​ ​ The magnetic induction sensor assembly includes a magnetizing magnet and a sensor assembly. The magnetizing magnet is a magnet with the same width as the conveyor belt and is placed above the conveyor belt. The sensor assembly is a circuit board with a dense array of multiple Hall sensors, placed below the conveyor belt and in a sensor bracket. The vertical distance between the magnetizing magnet and the Hall sensor is less than 5mm to obtain more signals. The lateral distance between the magnetizing magnet and the Hall sensor is no more than 1cm to obtain a better magnetization effect. The magnetizing magnet is located close to one end of the vibrating feeder. The integrated industrial control box includes a power supply, a splitter, an industrial control board, an industrial control box, an air jet valve, and a valve island. The industrial control box is located below the conveyor belt and has an air jet valve opening on one side, facing the conveyor belt's conveying direction. The industrial control board is located in the upper part of the industrial control box. Its input end acquires data from Hall sensors, and its output end controls the blowing action of the valve island and the air jet valve. The valve island and the air jet valve are located in the lower part of the industrial control box, with the air jet valve embedded in the valve island. An external air pump provides gas to the valve island and receives control signals from the industrial control board's output end to realize the air jet valve's blowing action. The air jet valve's output end is connected to the side air jet valve opening via an air pipe. The ore sorting device includes a nozzle mechanism, which is placed at the end of the conveyor belt along the running direction, and the internal hole is connected to the side hole of the industrial control box through an air pipe; The ore collection box includes an L-shaped baffle, a waste ore collection box, a magnetic ore collection box, and side baffles of the collection box. It is placed on the ground at a distance not too far from the end of the conveyor belt mechanism, with a height similar to that of the ore conveying mechanism. It is divided into two parts: the front part is the waste ore collection box, and the rear part is the magnetic ore collection box. The front and rear parts are separated by an L-shaped baffle. The bottom of the collection box has side baffles to separate the sprayed magnetic ore and the unsprayed waste ore.

6. The equipment for efficiently separating magnetic ores according to claim 5, characterized in that, The conveyor belt mechanism is equipped with baffles on its side, the length of which is determined by the stability of the belt.

7. The equipment for efficiently separating magnetic ores according to claim 6, characterized in that, The circuit board integrating multiple Hall sensors is arranged in an array, with the array distance determined by the ore particle size; the circuit design between the multiple Hall sensors has a certain signal shielding function; the number of Hall sensors is determined by the array distance and the width of the conveyor belt, and each Hall sensor represents a channel.

8. The equipment for efficiently separating magnetic ores according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the integrated industrial control box, the number of industrial control boards is determined by the number of sensors and the number of input terminals on the industrial control board, but the data acquisition rate must not be lower than 1000Hz; the data acquisition chip and control chip are integrated into one unit in the industrial control board; the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the jet valve, and the number of jet valves is determined by the number of Hall sensors. The relationship between the two is one-to-one, so that one Hall sensor controls one jet valve; the operating frequency of the jet valve is determined by the ore particle size and the conveyor belt speed, and the operating frequency can be appropriately increased.

9. The equipment for efficiently separating magnetic ores according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of through holes in the nozzle mechanism is determined by the number of air jet valves, and there is a one-to-one correspondence between the holes and the air jet valves. The positional relationship between the holes and the Hall sensors is a straight line along the conveyor belt direction, so that one Hall sensor controls the corresponding air jet valve and hole to blow gas onto the ore to achieve sorting. The angle at which the gas is ejected from the hole is determined by the speed of the conveyor belt and the distance between the hole and the upper surface of the conveyor belt, so that when the gas is sprayed onto the ore, the ore is subjected to the greatest force and the trajectory is changed the most, thus greatly improving the sorting efficiency.

10. The equipment for efficiently sorting magnetic ores according to claim 5, characterized in that, The angle and height of the L-shaped baffle in the ore collection box relative to the ground are determined by the trajectory of the ore as it leaves the conveyor belt, perfectly separating the ejected ore from the un-ejected ore to achieve efficient sorting.

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