System and method for monitoring creep quantity of gasket in electrolytic cell on line

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for monitoring creep quantity of a gasket in an electrolytic bath on line, the system comprises a left end pressing plate and a right end pressing plate, a plurality of small electrolysis chambers are arranged between the left end pressing plate and the right end pressing plate, each small electrolysis chamber comprises two pole frames and a gasket arranged between the two pole frames, and the system comprises an optical detector, the optical detector comprises at least one pair of emitter and receiver, the emitter and the receiver are respectively arranged at preset positions of the electrolytic bath and are used for detecting creep deformation of the gasket, and an optical detection signal between the emitter and the receiver is cut off when the gasket creeps and protrudes; the system for monitoring the creep quantity of the gasket in the electrolytic cell on line has the advantages of being convenient to set, low in cost and fast in response, the tedious operation that in the prior art, shutdown is needed for manual measurement is avoided, and the maintenance cost is effectively reduced. Safety can be remarkably improved, and potential safety hazards can be found in time by monitoring the creep quantity of the gasket in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment, and in particular to a system and method for online monitoring of creep of gaskets in an electrolytic cell. Background Art

[0002] The water electrolysis hydrogen production device is a device that decomposes water into hydrogen and oxygen, and its core component is the electrolyzer. In the electrolyzer, water molecules are decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen under the action of electrical energy. Filter-press water electrolyzer is a special water electrolysis device that uses filter-press technology to achieve an efficient water electrolysis process. This design can effectively improve the separation efficiency of hydrogen and oxygen, reduce the risk of gas mixing, and help improve the energy efficiency of the overall system. Its structure includes a number of electrolyzer chambers stacked and arranged in sequence. The electrolyzer chamber is the core unit in the filter-press water electrolyzer, and each chamber is an independent electrolysis reaction space responsible for decomposing water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. Each chamber is isolated by a diaphragm (i.e., gasket), and a ring gasket is set on the outer ring of the diaphragm to form a partition between the two plates and seal the chamber to maintain the independence of the electrolyte in each chamber and prevent substances of different polarities from directly contacting each other, causing short circuits or other adverse reactions.

[0003] However, under normal working conditions, the gasket is deformed due to the high temperature and pressure inside the electrolytic cell and the internal gas-liquid impact, causing the gasket between the two pole frames to be squeezed and bulged. When the creep of the gasket reaches a certain level, it can cause the seal of the electrolytic cell to fail, causing the electrolyte to leak from the electrolytic cell. This will not only waste electrolyte, but may also pollute surrounding equipment and the environment. Gases (such as hydrogen, oxygen, etc.) generated during the electrolysis process. If the gasket is offset and the seal fails, these gases may leak, posing a risk of explosion and fire.

[0004] Currently, there are two mainstream methods for monitoring the creep of electrolytic cell gaskets. One is to measure the protruding distance manually with a tape measure when the electrolytic cell is shut down, and the other is to dismantle the electrolytic cell to take out the gasket and test its creep with a tensile tester. Both of the above methods require shutting down the equipment to dismantle it. Manual measurement during shutdown delays normal use, and on the other hand, the electrolytic cell is still in a high temperature state after operation, which poses a safety problem. Dismantling the electrolytic cell for sampling and testing increases maintenance costs, and on the other hand, is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0005] In view of the above, it is necessary to propose a system and method for online monitoring of the creep amount of gaskets in an electrolytic cell to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a system and method for online monitoring of the creep amount of gaskets in an electrolytic cell.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a system for online monitoring the creep amount of a gasket in an electrolytic cell, comprising a left-end pressing plate and a right-end pressing plate, a plurality of electrolytic chambers are arranged between the left-end pressing plate and the right-end pressing plate, the electrolytic chambers include two pole frames and a gasket arranged between the two pole frames, and an optical detector, the optical detector includes at least one pair of a transmitter and a receiver, the transmitter and the receiver are respectively arranged at preset positions of the electrolytic cell, and are used to detect the creep of the gasket, and when the gasket creeps and bulges, the optical detection signal between the transmitter and the receiver is cut off; A data acquisition module, connected to the optical detector, for collecting signals from the sensor; A programmable logic controller (PLC), connected to the data acquisition module, for processing the collected signals and performing logic judgment; Human-machine interface (HMI), the PLC is connected to the human-machine interface, and the sensor data and alarm information are displayed in real time through the human-machine interface; An alarm device, connected to the PLC, for sending an alarm signal when creep bulge of the gasket is detected; The wireless communication module is connected to the PLC and is used to remotely transmit alarm information and monitoring data to the central monitoring system.

[0008] Furthermore, the optical detector is a laser beam switch sensor, which includes a transmitter and a receiver arranged in pair.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a support structure, which is respectively arranged on the pressure plates at both sides of the electrolytic cell, so that the transmitter and the receiver are respectively arranged on the support structures on both sides and are oppositely arranged so that the detection light beam parallel to the axis of the electrolytic cell is emitted and received between the two. The support structure also includes an insulating and heat-insulating pad.

[0010] Furthermore, the support structure can adjust the radial distance between the detection light beam and the axis of the electrolytic cell so that the distance between the detection light beam and the edge of the pole frame is ≥0.5 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the support structure includes a base, a reflector, and an adjustment frame. The base is a base body installed on the end pressure plate, so that the length direction of the base is arranged along the radial direction of the electrode plate, a reflector is arranged at one end of the base close to the axis of the electrolytic cell, and an adjustment frame is arranged at the other end, and an optical detector is arranged on the adjustment frame; the reflector forms an angle of 45° with the axis of the electrolytic cell, the direction of the light beam emitted by the transmitter is perpendicular to the axis of the electrolytic cell, the light beam is irradiated on the mirror surface of the reflector and reflected to form a detection light beam parallel to the axis of the electrolytic cell, and the adjustment frame controls the optical detector to adjust the position along the axis direction of the electrolytic cell.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a receiving end frame, on which a convex lens is provided, the convex lens is fixedly arranged on a base, and the receiver is arranged at the intersection position of the convex lens away from the transmitter side.

[0013] Furthermore, the optical detectors are arranged in a plurality of groups at intervals around the electrolytic cell.

[0014] Furthermore, the PLC is provided with a logic judgment program, and when it is detected that the light beam is blocked, it is determined that the gasket creep exceeds the limit, and the PLC also has a self-learning function, which can optimize the judgment threshold according to historical data.

[0015] A method for online monitoring of the creep amount of gaskets in an electrolytic cell comprises the following steps: installing at least one pair of photoelectric opposing switch sensors, including a transmitter and a receiver, at a preset position of an end pressure plate; collecting signals of the photoelectric opposing switch sensors through a data acquisition module; transmitting the collected signals to a programmable logic controller (PLC); setting a logic judgment program in the PLC, and determining that the creep amount of the gasket exceeds a limit when it is detected that the light beam is blocked; displaying sensor data and alarm information in real time through a human-machine interface (HMI); triggering an audible and visual alarm when a gasket deviation is detected, and notifying an operator through a notification system; and remotely transmitting the alarm information and monitoring data to a central monitoring system through a wireless communication module; the alarm device comprises an audible and visual alarm, which is used to send out an audible and visual alarm signal when the creep amount of the gasket exceeds a limit, and the alarm device also has a graded alarm function, and sends out alarms of different levels according to different degrees of deviation.

[0016] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The system for online monitoring creep of gaskets in electrolytic cells of the present invention has the advantages of convenient setting, low cost and fast response, avoiding the tedious operation of stopping the machine for manual measurement in the prior art, and effectively reducing maintenance costs.

[0017] 2. It can significantly improve safety. Through real-time monitoring of the creep of the gasket, potential safety hazards can be discovered in time to avoid electrolyte leakage or gas leakage caused by gasket failure, thereby preventing accidents. And when it is detected that the gasket creep exceeds the limit, the system can automatically trigger the emergency stop procedure to prevent further damage.

[0018] 3. Through the data monitored by the system, the operator is helped to optimize the operating parameters of the electrolyzer, such as current density, temperature, pressure, cooling water flow, etc., so as to achieve preventive and control operations.

[0019] 4. Sensors are set at multiple locations around the electrolytic cell to conduct comprehensive and surrounding gasket status monitoring, which is suitable for complex working conditions and ensures safe operation of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall principle of a system for online monitoring of creep of gaskets in an electrolytic cell according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrolytic chamber in the electrolytic cell; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a detection light beam emitted by an optical detector in the present invention; Figure 4 is a front view of the end pressure plate of the electrolytic cell in the present invention; Figure 5 The present invention Figure 4 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: 1. left end pressure plate; 2. right end pressure plate; 3. electrolytic chamber; 4. pole frame; 5. gasket; 6. pole plate; 7. electrode; 8. diaphragm; 9. optical detector; 10. transmitter; 11. receiver; 12. detection beam; 13. data acquisition module; 14. programmable logic controller; 15. logic judgment program; 16. alarm device; 17. human-machine interface; 18. bracket structure; 19. mounting base; 20. insulating and heat-insulating pad; 21. sensor; 22. base; 23. screw; 24. slider; 25. motor; 26. reflector; 27. adjustment frame; 28. electrolytic cell axis; 29. ​​convex lens; 30. horizontal frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] Embodiment 1: The filter press water electrolyzer comprises a left end pressing plate 1 and a right end pressing plate 2, and a plurality of electrolysis chambers 3 are arranged between the left end pressing plate 1 and the right end pressing plate 2. Figure 2 , 3As shown, the electrolytic chamber 3 includes two pole frames 4 and a gasket 5 arranged between the two pole frames 4. The inner side of the pole frame 4 is a pole plate 6 with concave-convex nipples. Between the two pole plates 6 is a space for accommodating electrolyte. Two electrodes 7 are respectively arranged in the space. A diaphragm 8 is arranged between the two electrodes 7. The outer periphery of the diaphragm 8 is connected to the gasket 5. In actual operation, the gasket 5 plays a role of sealing the electrolytic chamber 3. In actual work, the gasket 5 is deformed due to the high temperature and high pressure inside the electrolytic cell and the impact of the internal gas and liquid, so that the gasket 5 is squeezed and bulged, or the position of the pole frame 4 is shifted. When the above-mentioned creep exceeds a certain range, it is very easy to cause leakage.

[0023] As a system for online monitoring of creep of gasket 5 in electrolytic cell, Figure 1 As shown, it includes an optical detector 9, and the optical detector 9 includes at least one pair of a transmitter 10 and a receiver 11, and the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are respectively arranged at preset positions of the electrolytic cell, and are used to detect the creep of the gasket 5. When the gasket 5 creeps and bulges, the optical detection signal between the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 is cut off; Specifically, the optical detector 9 is a laser beam switch sensor 21, which includes a laser transmitter 10 and a laser signal receiver 11 arranged in pairs. The transmitter 10 emits a detection beam 12 and the corresponding receiver 11 receives the detection beam 12. Figure 3 As shown, the detection light beam 12 is arranged close to the edge of the gasket 5. When the equipment is running, under improper working conditions or due to long-term use, the pole frames 4 on both sides cause excessive extrusion of the gasket 5 or the air pressure in the electrolysis chamber 3 causes the gasket 5 to creep and bulge. The bulging part of the gasket 5 will block the detection light beam 12. The detection light beam 12 is blocked by the gasket 5, and the optical sensor 21 sends a corresponding feedback signal to the data acquisition module 13.

[0024] The data acquisition module 13 is connected to the optical detector 9 and is used to collect signals from the sensor 21. The data acquisition module 13 is connected to the photoelectric switching sensor 21 through an analog input module to transmit the signal to the PLC. The data acquisition module 13 has data filtering and preprocessing functions to reduce interference.

[0025] Programmable logic controller 14 (PLC), such as Figure 1As shown, the PLC is connected to the data acquisition module 13, which is used to process the collected signals and perform logical judgments; the PLC is provided with a logical judgment program 15. When it is detected that the light beam is blocked, it is determined that the gasket 5 has exceeded the creep limit, and the PLC also has a self-learning function, which can optimize the judgment threshold according to historical data. In actual use, the PLC can compare the real-time monitoring value with the preset alarm value. Specifically, the creep value can be set to 0.5mm, 1mm or more than 1mm, that is, when the gasket 5 protrudes more than 0.5mm, the alarm can be triggered. The PLC triggers an alarm when it detects data abnormality, and the alarm device 16 also has a graded alarm function, which issues different levels of alarms according to the different degrees of deformation of the gasket 5. The alarm device 16 corresponds to different alarm forms corresponding to the different degrees of protrusion of the gasket 5.

[0026] Human-machine interface 17 (HMI), the PLC is connected to the human-machine interface 17, and the sensor 21 data and alarm information are displayed in real time through the human-machine interface 17; the alarm value in the logic judgment program 15 in the PLC is set through the human-machine interface 17, and the creep monitoring alarm value of the gasket 5 can be adjusted according to the actual operating conditions of the equipment, and the human-machine interface 17 can intuitively display the operating status and real-time monitoring data of several groups of optical detectors 9 installed around the electrolytic cell.

[0027] The wireless communication module is connected to the PLC and is used to remotely transmit alarm information and monitoring data to the central monitoring system, so that multiple electrolytic cells can be centrally managed and remotely monitored through the central monitoring system.

[0028] Embodiment 2: It also includes a support structure 18, which is respectively arranged on the pressure plates at both sides of the electrolytic cell. Figure 3 As shown, the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are respectively arranged on the support structures 18 on both sides and are arranged opposite to each other so that the detection light beam 12 parallel to the axis 28 of the electrolytic cell is emitted and received therebetween. The electrolytic cell includes a plurality of electrolytic chambers 3 stacked in sequence. The outer sides of the electrolytic chambers 3 at both ends are respectively provided with a left end pressure plate 1 and a right end pressure plate 2. The diameters of the two end pressure plates are larger than the diameter of the pole frame 4. Figure 4 As shown, a mounting base surface 19 for mounting the bracket structure 18 is formed at a portion where the end pressure plate is larger than the pole frame 4, and a laser beam switch sensor 21 is arranged at a relative position between the end pressure plates on both sides.

[0029] In this embodiment, the edge of the end pressure plate may be in the shape of an arc concentric with the electrode plate 6, such as Figure 4As shown, the sensor 21 is arranged on the mounting base 19. It can be understood that an insulating and heat-insulating pad 20 for insulation and heat insulation functions is arranged on the surface of the end pressure plate, and the sensor 21 is fixedly mounted on the heat-insulating pad. The transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are respectively arranged on the end pressure plates on both sides to form a group of detection points for the electrolytic cell gasket 5. It can be understood that in this embodiment, a plurality of detection points can be added around the electrolytic cell, so that the optical detector 9 is arranged at intervals around the circumference of the electrolytic cell, so that each detection point monitors the deformation of the gasket 5 at the corresponding position, thereby achieving detection of all around the electrolytic cell. For example, six groups of laser beam sensors 21 are installed on the electrolytic cell at equal angles of 60°. Figure 4 can also be installed every 30 ° a group of workers can be installed around 12 groups of sensors 21, set the number of groups should be an even number, and ensure that the symmetrical position of the arrangement on the circumference.

[0030] Embodiment three: For example, when the gasket 5 is extruded by 0.5mm, a first-level alarm is issued, which can remind the operator to check the equipment operation status on site. If the equipment is running well and there is no abnormality such as leakage, the power, current density, temperature, pressure, cooling water flow, etc. can be adjusted through process control to continue to observe the operation of the electrolytic cell and observe the changes of the gasket 5 at the alarm position; in order to achieve graded alarms, such as Figure 3 As shown in the three groups of parallel detection beams 12 shown in the lower position, multiple groups of laser beam sensors 21 can be set at each monitoring point, so as to alarm separately for different heights of gasket 5 extrusion, that is, the group closest to the pole frame 4 will alarm for gasket 5 protruding 0.5mm, the middle group will alarm for gasket 5 protruding 1mm, and the outermost group will alarm for gasket 5 protruding 1.5mm; specifically, after the first-level alarm has been issued at the aforementioned gasket 5 extrusion position, after adjusting the equipment operating parameters for a period of time and observing the operation, the second-level alarm will be further issued at this place, that is, the protruding height of gasket 5 on the corresponding side of the electrolytic cell has reached 1mm, then personnel are required to enter the site again for detection and evaluation, and determine whether the electrolytic cell is suitable for continued operation or shutdown and maintenance based on the on-site evaluation results. Similarly, a gasket 5 protruding 1.5mm can be used for emergency interlock alarm, that is, when it is detected that the gasket 5 protrudes 1.5mm, a third-level alarm can be issued, and the equipment interlock emergency stop procedure can be started.

[0031] In the aforementioned setting method, that is, setting multiple groups of laser beam sensors 21 at each monitoring point, it may be hindered by the size limitation of the mounting base surface 19 formed by the edge of the end pressure plate; as a preferred embodiment, a group of laser beam sensors 21 can be selected to be set, and the laser beam sensor 21 has multiple laser channels, and the multiple laser channels are arranged at intervals and at intervals, so that the multiple laser channels can be set to alarm at different protrusion heights of the corresponding gasket 5.

[0032] Embodiment 4: In the aforementioned embodiment, in order to realize a multi-level alarm at one detection point, multiple groups of laser beam sensors 21 are set at each detection point. Although the multi-level alarm is realized, the cost is greatly increased. Another embodiment is to use a laser beam sensor 21 with multiple laser channels, which also increases the cost. As an improvement, the support structure 18 can adjust the radial distance between the detection beam 12 and the electrolytic cell axis 28. Specifically, by controlling the position of the laser beam sensor 21, one device can be used for multiple purposes. At this time, only one laser channel is used. In this embodiment, the support structure 18 includes a base 22 on the end pressure plate. The base 22 is arranged radially, such as Figure 5 As shown, a screw 23 is rotatably provided on the base 22, a slider 24 is slidably provided on the base 22, a sensor 21 is provided on the slider 24, the slider 24 is threadedly connected to the screw 23, and a motor 25 for driving the screw 23 to rotate is provided on one side of the base 22. When the motor 25 drives the screw 23 to rotate, the sensor 21 can be controlled to move radially, thereby changing the monitoring position of the protrusion height of the gasket 5 to achieve multi-level alarm. In actual use, the sensor 21 is driven to be located at the position closest to the pole frame 4 by the rotation of the screw 23. When the protrusion of the gasket 5 causes the detection point to issue a first-level alarm, the PLC controls the motor 25 of the detection point to operate, and controls the sensor 21 to move to the detection position corresponding to the next-level alarm, and so on. In addition, the present embodiment can realize that the sensor 21 stays at any position within the length of the screw 23, thereby realizing more refined monitoring of the gasket 5, not limited to the three alarm positions of the aforementioned embodiment.

[0033] Embodiment five: It can be seen from the above-mentioned embodiments that in order to detect and alarm the creep of the gasket 5 in advance, the first-level alarm is to sound an alarm when the protrusion of the gasket 5 reaches 0.5 mm, so the laser beam sensor 21 is installed close to the pole frame 4. It is understandable that this inevitably makes the installation position of the laser beam sensor 21 extremely narrow, and since the transmitter 10 itself has a certain diameter, it is almost impossible to emit a detection light beam 12 parallel to the axis at 0.5 mm outside the pole frame 4 after installation. Moreover, even if the installation can be carried out, since the electrolytic cell will generate a certain temperature during operation, the long-term high-temperature baking will also accelerate the aging speed of the laser beam sensor 21.

[0034] As an improvement, the support structure 18 of this embodiment includes a base 22, a reflector 26, and an adjustment frame 27. Figure 6As shown, the base 22 is a base installed on the end pressure plate, and an insulating pad 20 can be set at the bottom of the base 22. Similarly, the length direction of the base 22 is set along the radial direction of the pole plate 6. A reflector 26 is set at one end of the base 22 close to the axis 28 of the electrolytic cell, and an adjustment frame 27 is set at the other end. An optical detector 9 is provided on the adjustment frame 27. The edge of the reflector 26 on one side close to the axis can be infinitely close to the pole frame 4 or even be set on the surface of the pole frame 4, and will not be affected by the temperature of the pole frame 4, and the optical detector 9 at the other end can be set at a farther position; in this way, the optical detector 9 can be set at a certain distance away from the pole frame 4 with a higher temperature to avoid high temperature baking.

[0035] Specifically, the reflector 26 forms an angle of 45° with the electrolytic cell axis 28, and the direction of the light beam emitted by the emitter 10 is perpendicular to the electrolytic cell axis 28. Figure 6 As shown, when the transmitter 10 emits a vertical light beam to the reflector 26, the reflector 26 reflects a detection light beam 12 parallel to the electrolytic cell axis 28; in this embodiment, the above-mentioned reflector 26 and adjustment frame 27 can be similarly arranged at one end of the receiver 11, and the receiver 11 is arranged on the adjustment frame 27, and the transmitter 10 or the receiver 11 is controlled to change its position along the axial direction to a corresponding position through the telescopic movement of the adjustment frame 27; as an implementation method, the adjustment frame 27 can be controlled by an electric telescopic rod to achieve precise control of the positions of the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11.

[0036] In actual alarm control logic, the adjustment racks 27 on both sides are extended to the far end, so that the formed detection beam 12 is closest to the first-level alarm position of the pole frame 4, that is, 0.5mm from the edge of the pole frame 4. Once the gasket 5 creeps and bulges out during detection and reaches 0.5mm to block the detection beam 12, the PLC can control the adjustment racks 27 on both sides to retract to the position as shown in the figure. Figure 6 In the middle position, it can correspond to the secondary alarm position at a distance of 1mm in actual use, so that self-learning control can be formed. Of course, other control signals of the PLC, such as issuing an alarm signal and transmitting the signal to the human-machine interface 17, are not affected as described in the above embodiments; when the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 on both sides are changed to be in the secondary alarm position by adjusting the frame 27, secondary monitoring can be performed; similarly, for example, if the creep of the gasket 5 intensifies to 1mm, the secondary alarm can be triggered, and so on; in this embodiment, the number of alarm levels set in actual use can be increased or decreased, and the distance when the alarm is issued can be preset within a certain range on the PLC, so that it is not limited to issuing alarms at positions of 0.5mm, 1mm, and 1.5mm.

[0037] Embodiment six: As an improved implementation of the fifth embodiment, the support structure 18 of the receiving end can be modified, and the transmitting end can still adopt the design of the fifth embodiment, or can also adopt the design of the fourth embodiment. The receiving end frame in this embodiment is provided with a convex lens 29, which is fixedly arranged on the base 22, and the receiver 11 is arranged at the intersection of the convex lens 29 away from the transmitter 10. Figure 7 As shown, the base 22 of the receiving end is provided with a horizontal horizontal frame 30 at the upper end and extends toward the transmitting end, and a convex lens 29 is fixedly suspended at the lower side of the front end of the horizontal frame 30, and the detection light beams 12 at various positions that can be emitted by the transmitting end through the control adjustment frame 27 are all irradiated on the convex lens 29, then the position of the receiver 11 set at the intersection position of the other end of the convex lens 29 can be fixed, and only the position of the adjustment frame 27 of the transmitting end can be adjusted, thereby simplifying the adjustment control. In this embodiment, the position control of the adjustment frame 27 of the transmitting end can be used to realize the alarm setting corresponding to different levels.

[0038] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for online monitoring creep of gaskets in an electrolytic cell, comprising a left-end pressing plate and a right-end pressing plate, wherein a plurality of electrolytic chambers are arranged between the left-end pressing plate and the right-end pressing plate, and the electrolytic chambers include two pole frames and gaskets arranged between the two pole frames, characterized in that: The optical detector includes at least one pair of a transmitter and a receiver, the transmitter and the receiver are respectively arranged at preset positions of the electrolytic cell, and are used to detect the creep of the gasket, and the optical detection signal between the transmitter and the receiver is cut off when the gasket creeps and bulges; A data acquisition module, connected to the optical detector, for collecting signals from the sensor; A programmable logic controller (PLC), connected to the data acquisition module, is used to process the collected signals and perform logic judgment; Human-machine interface HMI, the PLC is connected to the human-machine interface, and the sensor data and alarm information are displayed in real time through the human-machine interface; An alarm device, connected to the PLC, for sending an alarm signal when creep bulge of the gasket is detected; The wireless communication module is connected to the PLC and is used to remotely transmit alarm information and monitoring data to the central monitoring system.

2. A system for online monitoring creep of gaskets in electrolytic cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical detector is a laser beam switch sensor, which includes a transmitter and a receiver arranged in pair.

3. A system for online monitoring of creep of gaskets in electrolytic cells according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a support structure, which is respectively arranged on the pressure plates at both sides of the electrolytic cell, so that the transmitter and the receiver are respectively arranged on the support structures on both sides and are oppositely arranged so that the detection light beam parallel to the axis of the electrolytic cell is emitted and received between the two. The support structure also includes an insulating and heat-insulating pad.

4. A system for online monitoring of creep of gaskets in electrolytic cells according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support structure can adjust the radial distance between the detection light beam and the axis of the electrolytic cell, so that the distance between the detection light beam and the edge of the pole frame is ≥0.5mm.

5. A system for online monitoring creep of gaskets in electrolytic cells according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support structure includes a base, a reflector, and an adjustment frame. The base is a substrate installed on the end pressure plate, so that the length direction of the base is arranged along the radial direction of the electrode plate. A reflector is arranged at one end of the base close to the axis of the electrolytic cell, and an adjustment frame is arranged at the other end. An optical detector is arranged on the adjustment frame; the reflector forms an angle of 45° with the axis of the electrolytic cell, and the direction of the light beam emitted by the transmitter is perpendicular to the axis of the electrolytic cell. The light beam is irradiated on the mirror surface of the reflector and reflected to form a detection light beam parallel to the axis of the electrolytic cell. The adjustment frame controls the optical detector to adjust its position along the axis of the electrolytic cell.

6. A system for online monitoring creep of gaskets in electrolytic cells according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a receiving end frame, on which a convex lens is provided, the convex lens is fixedly arranged on a base, and the receiver is arranged at the intersection position of the convex lens away from the transmitter side.

7. The system for online monitoring creep of gaskets in electrolytic cells according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical detectors are arranged in a plurality of groups at intervals around the electrolytic cell.

8. The system for online monitoring creep of gaskets in electrolytic cells according to claim 6, characterized in that: The PLC is provided with a logic judgment program, and when it is detected that the light beam is blocked, it is judged that the gasket creep exceeds the limit, and the PLC also has a self-learning function, which can optimize the judgment threshold according to historical data.

9. A method for online monitoring of creep of gaskets in an electrolytic cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: At least one pair of photoelectric switch sensors including a transmitter and a receiver are installed at a preset position of the end pressure plate; the signals of the photoelectric switch sensors are collected by a data acquisition module; and the collected signals are transmitted to a programmable logic controller (PLC); A logic judgment program is set in the PLC, and when it is detected that the light beam is blocked, it is determined that the gasket creep amount exceeds the limit; the sensor data and alarm information are displayed in real time through the human-machine interface HMI; when the gasket deviation is detected, the sound and light alarm is triggered, and the operator is notified through the notification system; the alarm information and monitoring data are remotely transmitted to the central monitoring system through the wireless communication module; the alarm device includes an sound and light alarm, which is used to send out an sound and light alarm signal when the gasket creep amount exceeds the limit, and the alarm device also has a graded alarm function, which sends out different levels of alarms according to different degrees of deviation.

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