A structure capable of controlling cracks in a large-volume sluice and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention proposes a structure and a construction method for controlling cracks in a large volume of water gates, and belongs to the technical field of water gates. The structure includes a gate bottom plate and a gate pier formed by concrete pouring, and the gate pier is arranged above the gate bottom plate; at least a cavity is provided in the gate pier, and the cavity is reserved and formed during the concrete pouring process; the cavity serves as a self-constrained stress hole; a tough material for stress absorption is filled in the cavity, and the tough material is connected to the inner wall of the cavity. The method includes S1: construction preparation; S2: foundation treatment; S3: gate bottom plate construction; S4: gate pier construction: S41: construction layout; S42: gate pier steel bar binding and installation; S43: erecting a gate pier template above the gate bottom plate; S44: installing a hole maker at the designed position; S45: concrete pouring, vibration and maintenance; S46: after the concrete is initially set, the hole maker is unplugged and the tough material is filled in the formed cavity. The present invention can effectively control cracks in the gate pier and improve the durability and safety of the water gate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water gates, and in particular to a structure capable of controlling cracks in a large-volume water gate and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The sluice gate is composed of the gate bottom plate and the gate pier, which is a large-volume concrete structure. Due to the large volume and complex structure of large-volume concrete, and the fact that concrete is a poor conductor of heat, the heat of cement hydration accumulates inside the structure and is difficult to diffuse. If this heat control problem is not solved well, it is easy to cause cracks in the large-volume concrete; therefore, the main reason for the cracks in the gate pier is that the tensile stress generated by the temperature change after the concrete solidifies is greater than the ultimate tensile strength of the concrete.

[0003] At present, the research on the control of water gate cracks in the relevant technology is mostly focused on the connection between the gate pier and the gate bottom plate. For example, the Chinese invention patent previously applied by the applicant, entitled "A method for controlling cracks in water gate piers and a filling device", with the authorization announcement number CN103882836B, proposed a solution to control the cracks in the gate pier by setting a stress absorption layer between the gate pier and the bottom plate. However, although it plays a relatively good crack control role only by controlling the connection between the gate pier and the gate bottom plate, there are still some crack problems on the gate pier. This is because during the pouring process, the cement releases a large amount of hydration heat during the hardening of the concrete, and the internal temperature continues to rise, generating tensile stress on the surface, which cannot stretch freely, and generating tensile stress inside the concrete. As a brittle material, the tensile strength of concrete is low, and the tensile stress generated is greater than its tensile strength, so cracks will appear.

[0004] In view of this problem, some solutions have also appeared in the prior art, such as using low-heat or medium-heat cement during the construction of the gate pier and arranging cold water pipes for water cooling during the pouring process. For example, the invention patent with application publication number CN107905232A proposes a water cooling construction method and device for large-volume concrete of the tide-blocking gate pier. The use of cooling water technology can indeed play a positive role in controlling the cracks in the gate pier concrete. However, due to the high temperature inside the concrete and the low temperature of the cooling water pipe, the temperature difference between the two is large, resulting in a large temperature gradient. The temperature of the concrete near the water pipe is greatly affected by the change of the cooling water temperature. The large temperature difference between the internal concrete and the pipe wall causes the concrete at the pipe wall to crack early, which will produce a number of tiny cracks. The location of the tiny cracks becomes a weak point. The gate pier will not have problems during the early operation period, but in the later service, under the influence of multiple factors such as the internal stress of the gate pier concrete and the change of ambient temperature during the operation period (especially when encountering a cold wave attack), the concrete deforms. These tiny cracks will induce large cracks, destroying the integrity, stability, durability and waterproofness of the structure, affecting normal use.

[0005] In summary, the use of low-heat or medium-heat cement or cooling water for cooling is mainly to control cracks from two aspects: raw material ratio and construction process. However, how to control cracks in the gate pier after construction has not received effective attention and preventive treatment in advance. The actual engineering measurement data shows that it is very difficult to prevent cracks with the help of steel bars alone. Before the concrete cracks, the stress of the steel bars is very small. Only after the cracks do the stress of the steel bars increase significantly. It can only play a role in limiting the width of the cracks and can only be passive defense.

[0006] Based on this, on the basis of existing technologies, how to further effectively control the cracks in the gate piers, achieve early prevention rather than just passive defense, so as to improve the durability and safety of the water gate, requires further research. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. To this end, the present invention proposes a structure capable of controlling cracks in a large volume of a sluice and a construction method thereof.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

[0009] In the first aspect, the technical solution proposes a structure capable of controlling cracks in a large-volume sluice gate, comprising a sluice bottom plate and a sluice pier formed by pouring concrete, wherein the sluice pier is arranged above the sluice bottom plate, wherein:

[0010] At least one cavity is provided in the gate pier, and the cavity is reserved and formed in the concrete pouring process; the cavity serves as a self-constrained stress hole;

[0011] The tough material used for stress absorption is filled in the cavity, and the tough material is connected with the inner wall of the cavity as a whole.

[0012] Preferably, the tough material includes but is not limited to rubber concrete, acrylic concrete, acrylic rubber concrete, rubber mortar, acrylic rubber mortar.

[0013] Preferably, the tough material comprises at least two tough materials with different strains, and the tough materials with different strains are coaxially sleeved.

[0014] Preferably, the cavity is a fully enclosed structure, both ends of the cavity are closed ends and are completely built into the gate pier.

[0015] Preferably, the cavity is a semi-closed structure; the bottom end of the cavity is built into the gate pier and is a closed end; the top end of the cavity extends to the top of the gate pier and is connected to the outside world to form an open end.

[0016] Preferably, the cavity is an open structure, and the cavity extends upward from the bottom of the gate pier to the top of the gate pier, and the two ends of the cavity are arranged flush with the bottom surface and the top surface of the gate pier.

[0017] Preferably, the bottom end of the cavity passes through the gate pier and extends into the gate bottom plate.

[0018] Preferably, a stress absorbing layer is provided at the connection between the gate bottom plate and the gate pier; and the bottom end of the cavity passes through the stress absorbing layer.

[0019] In the second aspect, the technical solution proposes a construction method for a structure capable of controlling cracks in a large volume of a sluice gate, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1: Construction preparation;

[0021] S2: foundation treatment;

[0022] S3: Gate bottom plate construction: gate bottom plate reinforcement binding and installation-----support gate bottom plate formwork-----concrete pouring-----gate bottom plate forming;

[0023] S4: Pier construction:

[0024] S41: Construction layout;

[0025] S42: Binding and installation of pier reinforcement;

[0026] S43: erect gate pier formwork above the gate bottom plate;

[0027] S44: Pre-embed and install the hole former at the designed position;

[0028] S45: Concrete pouring, vibration and curing;

[0029] S46: After the initial setting of the concrete, the tube of the hole-making device is pulled out to form a hole cavity; the formed hole cavity is filled with a tough material for stress absorption.

[0030] Preferably, in S46, the pore former is filled with a tough material; the tough material is filled synchronously during the pore former tube pulling process; the pore former comprises an outer tube body, the bottom end of the outer tube body is connected to a bottom sealing plate, the bottom sealing plate is provided with at least one feed opening, an inner tube body is also provided in the outer tube body, the bottom of the inner tube body is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom sealing plate; the area between the inner tube body and the outer tube body forms a storage space for storing the tough material; an inflatable and deflable airbag is sleeved on the inner tube body, the airbag is annular; the inner ring side wall of the airbag is connected to the inner tube body; an air pipe is provided in the inner tube body, the bottom end of the air pipe is connected to the airbag, and the top end of the air pipe extends to above the top of the outer tube; the air pipe is provided with a switch; when the airbag is inflated, the airbag can completely block the feed opening; when the airbag is deflated, the feed opening is opened to achieve material leakage.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. Structurally: The present invention reserves a cavity inside the gate pier to form a self-constrained stress hole, and fills the cavity with tough material. The tough material has a strength that is substantially consistent with that of the surrounding concrete, and the tough material can effectively absorb the stress generated inside the gate pier, ensuring that the maximum stress in the gate pier is less than the ultimate tensile strength of the gate pier concrete, thereby effectively controlling the generation of cracks in the gate pier, ensuring construction quality, and improving the durability and safety of the project.

[0033] 2. The pores are filled with at least two tough materials with different strains, thus forming a certain strain gradient, which is beneficial to avoid stress concentration at the interface between the tough material and the surrounding concrete, while improving the integrity of the structure.

[0034] 3. Technologically: The present invention adopts a construction method of reserved holes, which is simple in process and abandons the drilling-filling process, thus saving steps, time and labor, and effectively improving construction efficiency. Whether it is a closed hole, a semi-open hole, or an open hole, it can be constructed using the reserved process, which has a wide range of applications and few limitations, and can meet different sluice construction needs.

[0035] 4. Process: In the present invention, a pore former is used to pre-construct the pore cavity. The pore former has a simple structure, is easy to obtain materials, and is convenient to manufacture. It provides convenient conditions for the rapid construction of the pore cavity and the convenient filling of the tough material.

[0036] 5. Structural and process coordination: Since the piercer has tough material stored inside, it can play a certain supporting role during pouring, improve the overall strength of the piercer, and prevent the piercer from being squeezed and damaged during the pouring process; when the piercer is pulled out, the process of pulling out and filling at the same time is adopted to ensure that the filled tough material forms a complete whole with the surrounding concrete, ensure the overall strength and absorb stress, and effectively realize the control of gate pier cracks.

[0037] 6. Compared with the process of controlling cracks in the sluice gate by passing cold water, the present invention has simple construction and complete structure. Compared with low-heat or medium-heat cement, the cost of building the sluice gate is low. This structural design can absorb the internal restraining stress of the gate pier and reduce the restraining stress of the gate bottom plate on the gate pier. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a front view of the structure proposed by the present invention that can control cracks in a large-volume sluice.

[0040] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A structural cross-sectional view of a first example.

[0041] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A structural cross-sectional view of a second example.

[0042] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A structural sectional view of a third example.

[0043] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A structural sectional view of a fourth example.

[0044] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Example a of the structural section view of the middle gate pier in the top view.

[0045] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 Example b of the structural cross-section view of the middle gate pier in the top view.

[0046] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 Example c of the structural section view of the middle gate pier in the top view.

[0047] Fig. 9 It is a front view of the pore former in the present invention.

[0048] Fig.10 yes Fig. 9Cross-sectional view of the pore former.

[0049] Fig.11 yes Fig.10 Bottom view of the midsole cover.

[0050] Fig.12 yes Fig. 9 Top view of the inner and outer tube bodies.

[0051] Fig.13 This is a construction state diagram of the pore former in the present invention being filled with tough material simultaneously when the pipe is pulled out.

[0052] Fig.14 Example d is a structural cross-sectional view of the gate pier in the top view after filling with ductile material.

[0053] Fig.15 yes Fig.14 Structural cross-sectional view along the HH direction.

[0054] Description of the markings in the figure:

[0055] 1. Outer tube body; 2. Inner tube body; 3. Connecting rod; 4. Air pipe; 5. Switch; 6. Bottom sealing plate; 7. Feeding port; 8. Air bag; 9. Storage space; 10. Gate bottom plate; 11. Gate pier; 12. Hole cavity; 13. Tough material; 131. First tough material; 132. Second tough material; 14. Gate bottom plate steel bar; 15. Gate pier steel bar; 16. Stress absorption layer; b. Hole former. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0058] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0059] Embodiment 1:

[0060] like Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment proposes a structure capable of controlling cracks in a large-volume sluice, comprising a sluice bottom plate 10 and a sluice pier 11 formed by pouring concrete, wherein the sluice pier 11 is arranged above the sluice bottom plate 10 and connected to the sluice bottom plate 10. In addition:

[0061] At least one cavity 12 is provided in the gate pier 11, and the cavity 12 is reserved and formed in the process of concrete pouring; the cavity 12 is used as a self-constrained stress hole; and a tough material 13 for stress absorption is also included, which is filled in the cavity 12, and the tough material 13 is connected to the inner wall of the cavity 12 as a whole, and the strength is basically consistent with the surrounding concrete strength. The tough material 13 used can effectively absorb the temperature deformation energy generated by the hydration of the concrete of the gate pier 11, release the temperature stress, reduce the stress constraint, and effectively control the cracks of the gate pier 11.

[0062] In this embodiment, the tough material 13 has good mechanical and deformation properties. In this embodiment, the tough material 13 includes but is not limited to rubber concrete, acrylic concrete, acrylic rubber concrete, rubber mortar, acrylic rubber mortar, etc.

[0063] Regarding the structural forms of the cavity 12, it can be divided into the following types:

[0064] The first type: the cavity 12 is a fully enclosed structure, both ends of the cavity 12 are closed and completely built into the gate pier 11, see the attached Figure 2 .

[0065] The second type: the cavity 12 is a semi-enclosed structure; the bottom end of the cavity 12 is built into the gate pier 11, which is a closed end; the top end of the cavity 12 extends to the top of the gate pier 11, connected to the outside world, forming an open end, see the attached Figure 3 .

[0066] The third type: the cavity 12 is an open structure, the cavity 12 runs from the bottom of the gate pier 11 to the top of the gate pier 11, and the two ends of the cavity 12 are flush with the bottom and top surfaces of the gate pier 11. See the attached Figure 4 .

[0067] Fourth: Based on any of the above three structural forms, the bottom end of the cavity 12 can also pass through the gate pier 11 and extend into the gate bottom plate 10. See the attached Figure 5In this embodiment, a stress absorbing layer 16 is provided at the connection between the gate bottom plate 10 and the gate pier 11; the bottom end of the cavity 12 passes through the stress absorbing layer 16. Of course, as another feasible embodiment, the stress absorbing layer 16 may not be provided between the gate pier 11 and the gate bottom plate 10, and the stress absorbing layer 16 may be made of acrylic mortar or rubber aggregate mortar or rubber aggregate mixed with acrylic mortar. The applicant's previous authorized patent text, a method for controlling cracks in a sluice gate pier and a filling device, and the authorization announcement number is CN103882836B.

[0068] In this embodiment, one or more holes 12 may be provided, or one or more rows may be provided. Figure 6 - Figure 8 If multiple rows are used, for example two rows, the holes 12 in two adjacent rows are staggered.

[0069] Application results:

[0070] First, structurally: this solution forms a self-constrained stress hole by reserving a cavity 12 inside the gate pier 11, and fills the cavity 12 with a tough material 13. The tough material 13 has substantially the same strength as the surrounding concrete, and can effectively absorb the stress generated inside the gate pier 11, ensuring that the maximum stress in the gate pier 11 is less than the ultimate tensile strength of the concrete of the gate pier 11, thereby effectively controlling the generation of cracks in the gate pier 11, ensuring construction quality, and improving the durability and safety of the project.

[0071] In addition, the tough material 13 cooperates with the steel bars inside the gate pier 11 to form a dual control system of "early prevention + passive defense", which can better control the development of small cracks inside the gate pier 11 into large cracks, which is beneficial to the long-term operation of the gate pier 11 and improves durability and safety.

[0072] Secondly, in terms of technology: the present invention adopts a construction method of reserving the cavity 12, which is simple in technology, abandons the drilling-filling process, saves steps, saves time and effort, and can effectively improve construction efficiency; whether it is a closed cavity 12, a semi-open cavity 12 or an open cavity 12, it can be constructed using the reserved process, which has a wide range of applications and few limitations, and can meet different sluice construction needs.

[0073] In summary: Compared with the process of controlling cracks in the sluice gate by passing cold water, the present invention is simple to construct and can ensure the integrity of the structure. In the process of passing cooling water, the cooling water pipe is pre-buried in the concrete of the gate pier, and the interior of the cooling water pipe is a hollow structure, which makes the internal structure of the gate pier incomplete. However, with the present solution, after filling with tough materials, there is no cavity inside the gate pier, so the structure is complete and the overall strength is guaranteed. Compared with the method of using low-heat or medium-heat cement, the present invention has a low cost for constructing a sluice gate and saves costs. This structural design can absorb the internal constraint stress of the gate pier 11 and reduce the constraint stress of the gate bottom plate 10 on the gate pier 11.

[0074] Embodiment 2:

[0075] Reference Fig. 9 - Fig.13 This embodiment proposes a construction method for a structure capable of controlling cracks in a large volume of a sluice gate, comprising the following steps:

[0076] S1: Construction preparation: prepare construction plan, determine construction materials and equipment, personnel training, etc.

[0077] S2: Foundation treatment: Before the construction of the gate bottom plate 10 and the gate pier 11, the foundation needs to be treated to ensure the bearing capacity and stability of the foundation.

[0078] S3: Construction of the gate bottom plate 10: Binding and installation of the gate bottom plate steel bars 14 ---- Supporting the gate bottom plate formwork ---- Concrete pouring ---- Gate bottom plate 10 forming; Among them:

[0079] S31. Binding of the steel bars 14 of the gate bottom plate: Bind the steel bars according to the requirements of the design drawings to ensure that the spacing of the steel bars, the anchorage length, etc. meet the specifications. S32. Supporting the gate bottom plate formwork: Select a suitable formwork and install the plate support system according to the requirements of the design drawings to ensure the stability of the formwork. S33. Concrete pouring: Use the layered pouring method, and pay attention to vibrating and compacting during the pouring process. S34. Concrete curing: After pouring, carry out concrete curing in time to ensure the strength of the concrete, and finally remove the formwork to obtain the formed gate bottom plate 10.

[0080] S4: Construction of pier 11: mainly includes the following steps:

[0081] S41: Construction layout;

[0082] S42: Binding and installation of gate pier reinforcement 15;

[0083] S43: erecting a gate pier 11 template above the gate bottom plate 10;

[0084] S44: pre-embed and install a hole former b at the designed position; temporarily fix the hole former b to the gate pier steel bar 15;

[0085] S45: Concrete pouring, vibration and curing;

[0086] S46: After the concrete is initially set, the pore former b is pulled out to form a hole cavity 12; the formed hole cavity 12 is filled with a tough material 13 for stress absorption. The pulling out is performed mechanically, and the pulling out speed is controlled.

[0087] In some embodiments, in S46, the pore former b is filled with a tough material 13; the tough material 13 is filled synchronously during the tube removal process of the pore former b.

[0088] In some embodiments, the structure of the pore former b may be designed as follows:

[0089] The pore former b comprises an outer tube body 1, the bottom end of the outer tube body 1 is connected to a bottom sealing plate 6, the bottom sealing plate 6 is provided with at least one material discharge port 7, an inner tube body 2 is also provided inside the outer tube body 1, the bottom of the inner tube body 2 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom sealing plate 6; the area between the inner tube body 2 and the outer tube body 1 forms a storage space 9 for storing tough material 13; an inflatable and deflable airbag 8 is sleeved on the inner tube body 2, and the airbag 8 is annular; the inner ring side wall of the airbag 8 is connected to the inner tube body 2 is connected; an air tube 4 is provided in the inner tube body 2, the bottom end of the air tube 4 is connected to the air bag 8, and the top end of the air tube 4 extends to the top of the outer tube; the air tube 4 is provided with a switch for controlling the inflation and deflation; when the air bag 8 is inflated, the air bag 8 bulges, and the air bag 8 can completely block the feed opening 7, and the material cannot be discharged normally at this time; when the air bag 8 is deflated, the air bag 8 becomes deflated, and the feed opening 7 is opened at this time, so that the material is discharged, and the tough material 13 falls into the cavity 12 through the feed opening 7.

[0090] In this embodiment, the airbag 8 can be made of a rubber dam bag material, which is wear-resistant and not easy to damage.

[0091] In this embodiment, a connecting rod 3 is further connected at the top of the inner tube body 2 and the outer tube body 1, and the connecting rod 3 pulls the inner tube body 2 and the outer tube body 1 into a whole. When pulling out the tube, the connecting rod 3 can be used as a hanging point. The number of connecting rods 3 can be set to 2-5, evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0092] About the use of pore former b:

[0093] An inflating device is used to inflate the airbag 8 until the airbag 8 completely closes the feed opening 7; then, a tough material 13, such as acrylic mortar, is added to the pore former b; the pore former b is then positioned and installed at the designed position, and the gate pier 11 adopts a layered concrete pouring process; when the concrete is initially set, the airbag 8 is deflated and the feed opening 7 is opened; then the pore former b is pulled out, and as the pore former b is pulled out, the tough material 13 falls into the cavity 12 through the feed opening 7 to complete the filling.

[0094] In order to facilitate the removal of the tube, a release agent is applied to the outer wall of the outer tube body 1 .

[0095] Technical effects:

[0096] Since the pore former b has tough material 13 stored inside, it can play a certain supporting role during pouring, improve the overall strength of the pore former b, and prevent the pore former b from being squeezed and damaged during the pouring process; when the pore former b is pulled out, the node after the initial setting of the concrete is selected, and the process of pulling out and filling at the same time is adopted to ensure that the filled tough material 13 is effectively connected with the surrounding concrete to form a complete whole, ensure the overall strength and be able to absorb stress, and effectively realize the crack control of the gate pier 11.

[0097] In the present invention, a pore former b is used to pre-construct the cavity 12 . The pore former b has a simple structure, is easy to obtain materials, and is convenient to manufacture. It provides convenient conditions for the rapid construction of the cavity 12 and the convenient filling of the tough material 13 .

[0098] Application test data:

[0099] Example 1: The flood discharge gate of a reservoir is 28 meters long and has 3 holes. Two rows of holes 12 with a hole diameter of 8 cm are set in the gate pier 11. The bottom of the hole 12 extends 0.7 meters into the gate bottom plate 10. The maximum stress in the gate pier 11 is 0.72MPa, which is less than the ultimate tensile strength of the concrete of the gate pier 11, 1.20MPa.

[0100] Example 2: A flood discharge gate of a reservoir is 21 meters long and has two holes. A row of holes 12 with a hole diameter of 10 cm is set in the gate pier 11. The hole 12 extends 0.5 meters into the gate bottom plate 10. The maximum stress in the gate pier 11 is tested to be 0.86 MPa, which is less than the ultimate tensile strength of the concrete of the gate pier 11, 1.16 MPa.

[0101] Example 3: The flood discharge gate of a reservoir is 36 meters long and has 4 holes. Two rows of holes 12 with a hole diameter of 6 cm are set in the gate pier 11. A stress absorption layer with a thickness of 20 cm is set between the gate bottom plate 10 and the gate pier 11. The maximum stress in the gate pier 11 from the hole 12 to the gate bottom plate 10 is tested to be 0.67 MPa, which is less than the ultimate tensile strength of the concrete of the gate pier 11 1.10 MPa.

[0102] Example 4: The flood discharge gate of a reservoir is 42 meters long and has 4 holes. Three rows of holes are set in the gate pier 11 with a hole diameter of 8 cm. A stress absorption layer is set between the gate bottom plate 10 and the gate pier 11. The thickness of the stress absorption layer is 30 cm. The bottom end of the hole cavity 12 extends into the interior of the gate bottom plate 10 by 0.8 meters. The maximum stress in the gate pier 11 is tested to be 0.74 MPa, which is less than the ultimate tensile strength of the concrete of the gate pier 11 of 1.15 MPa.

[0103] It can be seen from the above test data that the present method can effectively absorb the stress in the gate pier 11, ensuring that the maximum stress in the gate pier 11 is less than the ultimate tensile strength of the concrete of the gate pier 11, thereby effectively controlling the generation of cracks in the gate pier 11, ensuring the construction quality, and improving the durability and safety of the project.

[0104] Note: If necessary, as a feasible embodiment, the above construction process can also be added with a cooling water flow step to reduce the temperature inside the concrete. There are two ways to arrange the cooling water pipe, namely plum blossom and well shape. In terms of cooling effect, the plum blossom arrangement is better than the well shape, because there will be no dead corners that cannot be cooled like the well shape, but the working hours are not easy to control, so the well shape arrangement is often used in engineering. In terms of material, there are mainly two types of cooling water pipes: metal pipes and plastic pipes. Metal pipes have strong thermal conductivity, good cooling effect, and are almost unaffected by the thickness of the water pipe, but the construction is more complicated. The thermal performance of plastic pipes is poor, and the cooling effect is greatly affected by the thickness of the water pipe wall. The thicker the water pipe wall, the worse the cooling effect, but the construction is relatively simple, and it has been used more and more in engineering in recent years. Therefore, whether to arrange cooling water pipes and how to arrange them is determined according to the actual engineering conditions.

[0105] Embodiment three:

[0106] On the basis of the first or second embodiment, the tough material filled in the cavity 12 may also be in the following structural form:

[0107] The cavity 12 is filled with at least two tough materials 13 with different strains, and the tough materials with different strains are coaxially sleeved, and their cross-sectional shape is a concentric circle structure, forming different strain gradients. The strain of the tough material 13 decreases from the inside to the outside, and the strain of the inner tough material is greater than the strain of the outer tough material, that is, from the center to the periphery, the strain of the tough material decreases step by step.

[0108] Taking two tough materials with different strains as an example, the tough material of the inner layer is recorded as the first tough material 131 , and the tough material of the outer layer is recorded as the second tough material 132 . The strain of the first tough material 131 is greater than the strain of the second tough material 132 .

[0109] In this embodiment, two different tough materials are constructed and filled at the same time, but the strain sizes of the two materials are different, the external strain is small, and the internal strain is large. This forms a certain strain gradient, which is beneficial to avoid stress concentration at the interface between the tough material and the surrounding concrete, and at the same time improve the integrity of the structure.

[0110] This embodiment introduces two tough materials with different strains. In practice, the stress gradient can also be composed of three, four or more tough materials. In theory, the more holes there are, the richer the stress gradient changes, and the better the effect.

[0111] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0112] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0113] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" and the like mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

Claims

1. A construction method for a structure capable of controlling cracks in a large volume sluice, wherein: Structures that can control cracks in large-volume sluice gates include: The gate bottom plate and gate piers are formed by pouring concrete, and the gate piers are arranged above the gate bottom plate; At least one cavity is provided in the gate pier, and the cavity is reserved and formed in the process of concrete pouring; the cavity serves as a self-constrained stress hole; A tough material for stress absorption is filled in the cavity, and the tough material is connected to the inner wall of the cavity as a whole; It is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1: Construction preparation; S2: foundation treatment; S3: Gate bottom plate construction: gate bottom plate reinforcement binding and installation-----support gate bottom plate formwork-----concrete pouring-----gate bottom plate forming; S4: Pier construction: S41: Construction layout; S42: Binding and installation of pier reinforcement; S43: erect gate pier formwork above the gate bottom plate; S44: Pre-embed and install the hole former at the designed position; S45: Concrete pouring, vibration and curing; S46: After the concrete is initially set, the pore former is pulled out to form a cavity; a tough material is filled in the formed cavity for stress absorption; The pore former includes an outer tube body, the bottom end of which is connected to a bottom sealing plate, the bottom sealing plate is provided with at least one feed opening, an inner tube body is also provided in the outer tube body, the bottom of the inner tube body is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom sealing plate; the area between the inner tube body and the outer tube body forms a storage space for storing tough materials; an inflatable and deflable airbag is sleeved on the inner tube body, the airbag is annular; the inner circle side wall of the airbag is connected to the inner tube body; an air pipe is provided in the inner tube body, the bottom end of the air pipe is connected to the airbag, and the top end of the air pipe extends to above the top of the outer tube; the air pipe is provided with a switch; when the airbag is inflated, the airbag can completely block the feed opening; when the airbag is deflated, the feed opening is opened to achieve material leakage.

2. A construction method for a structure capable of controlling cracks in a large volume of a sluice gate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tough materials include but are not limited to rubber concrete, acrylic concrete, acrylic rubber concrete, rubber mortar, and acrylic rubber mortar.

3. The construction method of a structure capable of controlling cracks in a large volume of a sluice gate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tough material comprises at least two tough materials with different strains, and the tough materials with different strains are coaxially sleeved.

4. The construction method of a structure capable of controlling cracks in a large volume of a sluice gate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity is a fully enclosed structure, both ends of the cavity are closed ends and are completely built into the gate pier.

5. The construction method of a structure capable of controlling cracks in a large volume of a sluice gate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity is a semi-closed structure; the bottom end of the cavity is built into the gate pier and is a closed end; the top end of the cavity extends to the top of the gate pier and is connected to the outside world to form an open end.

6. The construction method of a structure capable of controlling cracks in a large volume of a sluice gate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hole cavity is an open structure, and the hole cavity runs upward from the bottom of the gate pier to the top of the gate pier, and the two ends of the hole cavity are arranged flush with the bottom surface and the top surface of the gate pier.

7. The construction method of a structure capable of controlling cracks in a large-volume sluice gate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the hole cavity passes through the gate pier and extends into the gate bottom plate.

8. The construction method of a structure capable of controlling cracks in a large-volume sluice gate according to claim 7, characterized in that: A stress absorbing layer is provided at the connection between the gate bottom plate and the gate pier; and the bottom end of the cavity passes through the stress absorbing layer.

9. The construction method of a structure capable of controlling cracks in a large-volume sluice gate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S46, the pore former is filled with tough material; the tough material is filled synchronously during the pore former tube removal process.

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