An excavation device and its application in the construction of large-angle inclined shafts

Abstract

The present invention discloses an excavation device and its application in the construction of large-angle inclined shafts, which relates to the field of excavation technology. It includes a frame, on which a sliding table track is fixed. The upper end of the sliding table track is slidably connected with a drilling arm, and the lower end of the sliding table track is slidably connected with a mucking system. The mucking system includes a boom and a mucking bucket. A bucket seat is fixed on the mucking bucket, a bucket tooth is fixed on the bucket seat, a locknut is fixed on the bucket tooth, a sliding rod is slidably connected to the bucket seat, the lower end of the sliding rod is engaged with the bucket tooth, two symmetrically arranged fixed rods are slidably connected to the bucket seat, the fixed rods are engaged and connected with the bucket tooth, a limit seat is arranged at the upper end of the sliding rod, and the limit seat is connected with the bucket seat through a spring. Two symmetrically distributed lower chambers and two symmetrically distributed upper chambers are arranged inside the bucket seat, and the lower chambers and the upper chambers are in one-to-one correspondence and communication. By screwing the locknut into the bucket seat and the bucket tooth, the separation of the locknut from the bucket seat and the bucket tooth is avoided, and at the same time, it is convenient to replace the bucket tooth, and the operation is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of excavation technology, and specifically to an excavation device and its application in the construction of large-angle inclined shafts. Background Art

[0002] The excavation of inclined shafts currently remains at the stage of manual drilling and blasting. An inclined shaft excavation trolley is used for excavation and transporting materials and equipment to the heading face, and personnel enter the working face through a safety ladder. The rock strata at the heading face are complex, and movable tracks need to be laid during the movement of equipment on the heading face. After drilling, the excavation trolley and equipment are removed, and then the movable tracks are removed. After blasting, the mucking equipment is transported to the heading face by the trolley for mucking operations. When the scraper bucket is mucking, the bucket teeth will wear, and the bucket teeth need to be replaced.

[0003] Chinese Patent Application No. CN202223099886.9 discloses an excavator bucket, which includes a bucket body, a bucket connecting shaft, and a bucket quick-change tooth group. The bucket connecting shaft is welded to the top rear side of the bucket body. A reserved position is provided at the front bottom side of the bucket body. The bucket quick-change tooth group is fixed in the reserved position on the front side of the bucket body through large and small long shaft pins. Neat convex blocks and neat grooves are arranged at the front end of the inner bottom side of the bucket body, and the neat convex blocks and neat grooves are arranged at intervals. The utility model optimizes the structural design of the excavator bucket, changes the traditional integral structure of the excavator bucket, and improves it into a detachable and split structure of the excavator bucket. The structure is designed with a bucket quick-change tooth group that can be quickly disassembled. Not only can the bucket teeth be replaced and disassembled individually, but also the front end plate of the bucket teeth can be replaced, reducing the cost of overall replacement of the bucket and improving the replacement efficiency, which is suitable for popularization and use.

[0004] Chinese Patent Application No. CN202221903834.X discloses a connecting device between a bucket tooth and a bucket tooth seat, which includes a bucket. A bucket tooth seat is provided at the end of the bucket. A first limiting hole extending into the inner side of the bucket tooth seat is arranged along the side surface of the bucket tooth seat. An installation groove is provided on the front surface of the bucket tooth seat, and a bucket tooth is detachably connected in the installation groove. A second limiting hole is provided on the bucket tooth. The installation groove and the first limiting hole have an intersection. The limiting component includes a limiting rod. The limiting rod can be inserted into the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole in sequence to clamp the bucket tooth. The bucket tooth can be installed in the installation groove through the provided installation groove. By inserting the limiting rod into the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole to connect the two, the design can be quickly replaced. Secondly, the second limiting hole is set at different positions of the bucket tooth according to requirements, so that the included angle between the bucket tooth and the bottom surface of the bucket can be adjusted, and thus the above-mentioned specific terrain can be excavated.

[0005] The following problems will occur in the use of the above existing solutions:

[0006] 1. When slag scraping is carried out, the bucket teeth will be worn after long-term work. At this time, they need to be replaced. When connecting, the pin shaft is knocked into the bucket teeth and the tooth seat so that the two can be firmly connected; when removing, the pin shaft is also separated by knocking. The disassembly and assembly process is laborious. During the excavation process of the bucket teeth, when the bucket teeth hit the rock, there will be a small displacement between the bucket teeth and the tooth seat, resulting in the pin shaft being easily stuck, further increasing the difficulty of disassembly and assembly. At the same time, due to the large weight of the bucket teeth, it is difficult to find the alignment accurately and it is even more difficult to carry out docking, making the process of installing the bucket teeth more troublesome.

[0007] 2. The tooth seat and the bucket teeth are also fixedly connected by bolts. Compared with the way of fixed connection by pin shafts, the bolts make it easier to disassemble the tooth seat and the bucket teeth. However, during the slag scraping process, due to the collision of broken rocks, the bolts become loose, making the connection between the tooth seat and the bucket teeth not firm, and wear will also occur between the tooth seat and the bucket teeth. Seriously, the bolts will directly break away, resulting in the separation of the tooth seat and the bucket teeth.

[0008] 3. There is a gap between the existing tooth seat and the bucket teeth, which is convenient for aligning the bucket teeth on the tooth seat and then fixing the bucket teeth. However, the gap left will be filled and blocked by muck during the slag scraping process, making the tooth seat firmly connect the bucket teeth together, resulting in a large amount of force being required to separate the tooth seat and the bucket teeth when replacing the bucket teeth, and it is not convenient to replace the bucket teeth. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an excavation device and its application in the construction of large-angle inclined shafts, which solves the above problems.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an excavation device and its application in the construction of large-angle inclined shafts, including a frame, a sliding table track is fixed on the frame, a drilling arm is slidably connected to the upper end of the sliding table track, a slag scraping system is slidably connected to the lower end of the sliding table track, the slag scraping system includes a boom and a slag bucket, a bucket seat is fixed on the slag bucket, a bucket tooth is fixed on the bucket seat, and a locking bolt is fixed on the bucket tooth;

[0011] A sliding rod is slidably connected to the bucket seat, the lower end of the sliding rod is engaged with the bucket tooth, two symmetrically arranged fixed rods are slidably connected to the bucket seat, the fixed rods are engaged and connected with the bucket tooth, a limit seat is arranged at the upper end of the sliding rod, the limit seat is connected to the bucket seat by a spring, two symmetrically distributed lower chambers and two symmetrically distributed upper chambers are opened inside the bucket seat, the lower chambers and the upper chambers are in one-to-one correspondence and communication, a top column is slidably connected in each upper chamber, the top column is clamped with the bucket tooth, and an anti-slip groove is arranged on the bucket seat;

[0012] The inner wall of the bucket tooth is provided with two symmetrically arranged placement holes, and pressure deformation bodies are arranged in the placement holes. A U-shaped balance deformation body is fixed in the bucket tooth;

[0013] A gasket is fixed on the outer wall of the anti-loosening bolt. A connecting ring fixedly connected to the anti-loosening bolt is arranged at the upper end of the gasket. A plurality of anti-loosening connecting rods are slidably connected to the inside of the anti-loosening bolt along its circumference. A spring piece is arranged between the anti-loosening connecting rod and the anti-loosening bolt. The lower end of the anti-loosening connecting rod is clamped with the bucket seat.

[0014] Preferably, a connecting hole is formed in the bucket seat, which corresponds to the anti-loosening bolt. The cross section of the connecting hole is an inverted convex shape. A plurality of anti-loosening grooves are formed in the lower inner wall of the connecting hole along its circumference. The anti-loosening grooves correspond to the anti-loosening connecting rods one by one. A plurality of anti-loosening blocks distributed in a ring shape are fixed at the upper end of the connecting hole. The upper inner wall of the connecting hole is serrated.

[0015] Preferably, the anti-loosening bolt is threadedly connected to the bucket tooth through the connecting ring. A sliding gap for the anti-loosening connecting rod is arranged inside the anti-loosening bolt. The anti-loosening connecting rod is C-shaped. The upper end of the anti-loosening connecting rod is an extrusion surface. The lower end of the anti-loosening connecting rod is a convex block. The convex block corresponds to the anti-loosening groove. The gasket corresponds to the anti-loosening block. The depth of the anti-loosening groove is greater than the height of the convex block. The number of the anti-loosening grooves is greater than the number of the anti-loosening connecting rods.

[0016] Preferably, a limiting ring is fixed at the lower end of the limiting seat. Two symmetrically arranged piston columns are fixed at the lower end of the limiting seat. The piston columns correspond to the lower chambers one by one. The piston columns slide in the lower chambers. A piston block is slidably connected to the inside of the top column. A spring is fixed at the upper end of the piston block. The upper end of the spring is fixedly connected to the piston block. A hole corresponding to the top column is formed inside the bucket tooth.

[0017] Preferably, a blocking ring is arranged on the outer wall of the sliding rod. The lower end spring of the limiting seat is limited under the combined action of the blocking ring and the limiting ring. The sliding rod includes an extrusion arc surface, which is composed of a conical arc surface. A plurality of guiding blocks along its circumferential direction are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod. A guiding groove corresponding to the guiding block is formed inside the sliding rod.

[0018] Preferably, a plurality of triangular prism-shaped fixing strips are fixed at the upper end of the bucket seat. A groove corresponding to the fixing strip is formed inside the bucket tooth. A cutting head is arranged on the bucket tooth. Cutting edges are arranged on the front and rear sides of the cutting head. A reinforcing rib A corresponding to the cutting edge one by one is fixed at the upper end of the cutting head.

[0019] Preferably, a reinforcing rib B is fixed to the lower end of the bucket tooth, and reinforcing ribs C are fixed to the front and rear ends of the reinforcing rib B. The reinforcing rib C is in a trident shape, and the forked end of the reinforcing rib C faces the cutting head and the cutting edge. The reinforcing rib B is in a "仌" shape, and the forked end of the reinforcing rib B faces the balancing deformer.

[0020] Preferably, a plurality of walking wheels are fixed to the lower end of the frame, a plurality of leg devices are fixed to the upper end of the frame, the upper and lower ends of the slide track are provided with pulley blocks fixedly connected to the frame, the pulley blocks are connected to traction wires, and the traction wires are connected to external winch equipment.

[0021] Preferably, a slewing mechanism is fixed to the telescopic end of the boom, a telescopic hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the lower end of the boom, the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the boom, the telescopic end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the boom, an arm seat is fixed to the front end of the slewing mechanism, a boom is rotatably connected to the arm seat, a dipper arm is rotatably connected to the boom, the dipper arm is rotatably connected to the bucket, and hydraulic devices are provided between the arm seat and the boom, between the boom and the dipper arm, and between the dipper arm and the bucket.

[0022] An excavation device is used in the construction of a large-angle inclined shaft, using the above-mentioned excavation device.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. By screwing the anti-loosening bolt into the bucket seat and bucket teeth, the anti-loosening bolt moves against the sliding rod, and the sliding rod and bucket teeth are clamped together. At the same time, during the movement of the sliding rod, the extruded arc surface moves against the fixed rod, and the fixed rod will be clamped in the placement hole of the bucket teeth, and the limit ring will move in the lower chamber and squeeze to make the top column extend into the corresponding groove in the bucket teeth, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the bucket seat and the bucket teeth. When replacing the bucket teeth, you only need to take out the anti-loosening bolt, and the various parts will automatically restore. At this time, the bucket teeth can be replaced, and the operation is simple.

[0025] 2. When fixing the anti-loosening bolt with a wrench, the wrench is connected to the anti-loosening bolt, and the anti-loosening connecting rod is entered into the gap of the anti-loosening bolt through the action of the extrusion surface. At this time, twist the wrench to engage with the bucket tooth through the connecting ring. During the engagement process, the gasket will resist and deform against the anti-loosening block. After the anti-loosening bolt is fixed, remove the wrench, and the spring piece will push the anti-loosening connecting rod to restore and extend. At the same time, the protrusion is clamped in the anti-loosening groove. At the same time, the gasket is added to resist and engage with the anti-loosening block to prevent the anti-loosening bolt from loosening and reversing, thereby avoiding the anti-loosening bolt from being separated from the bucket seat and bucket tooth.

[0026] 3. By setting a compression deformation body and a balance deformation body, when the sliding rod moves, it drives the fixed rod to move. After the fixed rod enters the placement hole, it will squeeze the compression deformation body. The compression deformation body is connected to the anti-loosening connecting rod, prompting the balance deformation body to bulge and sealing the gap between the bucket seat and the bucket teeth, preventing soil and slag from entering the gap between the bucket seat and the bucket teeth when the device is scraping slag. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall slag scraping system of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the bucket seat and the bucket teeth of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a partial sectional view schematic diagram of the bucket seat and the bucket teeth of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is an enlarged partial sectional view schematic diagram of the bucket seat of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a sectional view schematic diagram of the anti-loosening bolt of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the limit seat of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the sliding rod of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 It is a partial sectional view schematic diagram of the bucket teeth of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 It is a front view schematic diagram of the bucket teeth of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the back of the bucket teeth of the present invention.

[0038] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings: 1. Frame; 2. Boom; 3. Bucket seat; 4. Bucket teeth; 5. Anti-loosening bolt;

[0039] 11. Traveling wheels; 12. Tracks; 13. Slideway track; 14. Pulley block; 15. Towing wire; 16. Leg device; 17. Drilling arm; 18. Slag scraping system;

[0040] 21. Telescopic hydraulic cylinder; 22. Slewing mechanism; 23. Arm seat; 24. Boom; 25. Dipper stick; 26. Scraper bucket;

[0041] 31. Slide bar; 32. Fixed bar; 33. Limit seat; 34. Lower chamber; 35. Upper chamber; 36. Top column; 37. Connecting hole; 38. Anti-slip groove;

[0042] 41. Placing hole; 42. Compression deformation body; 43. Balanced deformation body; 44. Cutting head; 45. Cutting edge; 46. Reinforcing rib A; 47. Reinforcing rib B; 48. Reinforcing rib C;

[0043] 51. Gasket; 52. Connecting ring; 53. Anti-loosening connecting rod; 54. Elastic sheet;

[0044] 311. Barrier ring; 312. Extrusion arc surface; 313. Guide block;

[0045] 331. Piston column; 332. Limit ring;

[0046] 361. Piston block;

[0047] 371. Anti-loosening groove; 372. Anti-loosening block;

[0048] 531. Extrusion surface; 532. Protrusion. Specific embodiments

[0049] The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, An excavation device and its application in the construction of large-angle inclined shafts, including a frame 1. The frame 1 is placed in the inclined shaft under construction. There is a track 12 laid in the inclined shaft. A sliding table track 13 is fixed on the frame 1. A drilling arm 17 is slidably connected to the upper end of the sliding table track 13, and a mucking system 18 is slidably connected to the lower end of the sliding table track 13. The mucking system 18 includes a boom 2 and a mucking bucket 26. The mucking system 18 is used for mucking and cleaning the muck and broken rock. A bucket seat 3 is fixed on the mucking bucket 26, and a bucket tooth 4 is fixed on the bucket seat 3. The bucket tooth 4 is fixed on the mucking bucket 26 through the bucket seat 3. The bucket tooth 4 can stir and break the broken rock to prevent the rock block from being too large, which makes it difficult to operate during mucking. A locknut 5 is fixed on the bucket tooth 4. A plurality of traveling wheels 11 are fixed to the lower end of the frame 1, and a plurality of leg devices 16 are fixed to the upper end of the frame 1. When the device is performing mucking operations, the leg devices 16 extend and abut against the inner wall of the inclined shaft to support and fix the frame 1, preventing the frame 1 from moving when the mucking system 18 is working. Pulley groups 14 fixedly connected to the frame 1 are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the sliding table track 13. A towing wire 15 is connected to the pulley groups 14. The towing wire 15 is connected to an external hoisting device. The pulley groups 14 are used to connect the towing wire 15. By hoisting the towing wire 15 with an external hoisting device, the frame 1 can move up and down in the inclined shaft. The hoisting device is an existing device and will not be elaborated here.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 10, considering that during slag scraping, the bucket teeth will wear out after long-term work, and at this time, they need to be replaced. When connecting, the pin is knocked into the bucket tooth and the tooth seat so that the two can be firmly connected; when removing, the pin is also knocked out. The disassembly and assembly process is laborious. Sometimes the pin is prone to jamming, further increasing the difficulty of disassembly and assembly. At the same time, due to the large weight of the bucket teeth, it is difficult to find the alignment accurately and it is even more difficult to perform docking, making the process of installing the bucket teeth more troublesome. A sliding rod 31 is slidably connected to the bucket seat 3. By screwing the anti-loosening bolt 5 into the bucket seat 3 and the bucket tooth 4, the anti-loosening bolt 5 pushes the sliding rod 31 to move. The sliding rod 31 abuts against the bucket tooth 4 for clamping connection. The lower end of the sliding rod 31 is engaged with the bucket tooth 4. Two symmetrically arranged fixed rods 32 are slidably connected to the bucket seat 3. The fixed rod 32 is engaged with the bucket tooth 4. A barrier ring 311 is provided on the outer wall of the sliding rod 31. Under the cooperative action of the barrier ring 311 and the limit ring 332, the spring at the lower end of the limit seat 33 is limited. The sliding rod 31 includes an extrusion arc surface 312, and the extrusion arc surface 312 is composed of a conical arc surface. During the downward movement of the sliding rod 31, the arc surface of the extrusion arc surface 312 will abut against the fixed rod 32. Then, during the downward movement of the sliding rod 31, the extrusion arc surface 312 pushes the fixed rod 32 to move slowly, and the end of the fixed rod 32 is then slowly engaged in the placement hole 41 of the bucket tooth 4 to complete the clamping and fixing with the placement hole 41. A plurality of guide blocks 313 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod 31 along its circumferential direction. A guide groove corresponding to the guide block 313 is opened in the sliding rod 31. By corresponding the guide block 313 to slide in the guide groove inside the bucket seat 3, the sliding rod 31 can slide up and down smoothly, preventing the sliding rod 31 from rotating or getting stuck. A limit seat 33 is provided at the upper end of the sliding rod 31. The limit seat 33 is connected to the bucket seat 3 by a spring. By setting a spring between the limit seat 33 and the bucket seat 3, when the sliding rod 31 moves downward, the spring will be compressed. After removing the anti-loosening bolt 5, the elastic force of the limit seat 33 will push the sliding rod 31 upward, thereby causing the lower end of the sliding rod 31 to disengage from the bucket tooth 4 and releasing the fixation between the bucket seat 3 and the bucket tooth 4. Two symmetrically distributed lower chambers 34 and two symmetrically distributed upper chambers 35 are opened inside the bucket seat 3. The lower chambers 34 and the upper chambers 35 are connected in one-to-one correspondence. A top column 36 is slidably connected in each upper chamber 35. The top column 36 is engaged with the bucket tooth 4. At the same time, during the movement of the sliding rod 31, the sliding rod 31 abuts against the limit seat 33 to move. The piston column 331 on the limit seat 33 slides and squeezes in the lower chamber 34, thereby causing the top column 36 in the upper chamber 35 to move upward and engage with the groove on the bucket tooth 4 to complete the fixation between the bucket seat 3 and the bucket tooth 4. After removing the anti-loosening bolt 5, the spring pushes the limit seat 33 upward, and the piston column 331 moves upward to extract the gas in the upper chamber 35, causing the top column 36 to return to its original state and releasing the fixation between the bucket seat 3 and the bucket tooth 4. The bucket seat 3 is provided with an anti-slip groove 38,The anti-slip groove 38 is clamped on the scraper bucket 26, and the bucket seat 3 and the scraper bucket 26 are fixed by bolts. Through the engagement of the anti-slip groove 38 and the scraper bucket 26, the anti-slip groove 38 is prevented from sliding relative to the scraper bucket 26 during operation.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 10 , considering that there is a gap between the tooth seat and the bucket tooth to facilitate the alignment of the bucket tooth on the tooth seat and then fix the bucket tooth. However, the gap will be filled and blocked by muck during the mucking process, causing the tooth seat to firmly connect the bucket teeth together. As a result, a relatively large force is required to separate the tooth seat from the bucket tooth when replacing the bucket tooth, which is inconvenient for replacing the bucket tooth. Two symmetrically arranged placement holes 41 are formed in the inner wall of the bucket tooth 4, and pressure-deformable bodies 42 are arranged in the placement holes 41. A U-shaped balance-deformable body 43 is fixed in the bucket tooth 4. By providing the pressure-deformable body 42 and the balance-deformable body 43, when the sliding rod 31 moves, it drives the fixed rod 32 to move. After the fixed rod 32 enters the placement hole 41, it will squeeze the pressure-deformable body 42. The pressure-deformable body 42 is communicated with the anti-loosening connecting rod 53, prompting the balance-deformable body 43 to bulge, sealing the gap between the bucket seat 3 and the bucket tooth 4 to prevent muck from entering the gap between the bucket seat 3 and the bucket tooth 4 when the device is mucking. When the sliding rod 31 moves upward, at this time, the fixed rod 32 loses the squeezing force, and the balance-deformable body 43 and the pressure-deformable body 42 need to recover. The force generated by the recovery of the balance-deformable body 43 and the pressure-deformable body 42 will push the fixed rod 32 to recover and enter the bucket seat 3, thereby releasing the fixation between the bucket seat 3 and the bucket tooth 4.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6, considering that the tooth socket and the bucket tooth are also fixedly connected by bolts. Compared with the pin-fixed connection method, bolts make it easier to disassemble the tooth socket and the bucket tooth. However, during the slag scraping process, due to the collision of broken rocks, the bolts become loose, making the fixation between the tooth socket and the bucket tooth insecure, and wear will also occur between the tooth socket and the bucket tooth. Seriously, the bolts will directly break away, resulting in the separation of the tooth socket and the bucket tooth. A gasket 51 is fixed on the outer wall of the anti-loosening bolt 5. A connection ring 52 fixedly connected to the anti-loosening bolt 5 is provided at the upper end of the gasket 51. A plurality of anti-loosening connecting rods 53 are slidably connected along the circumference inside the anti-loosening bolt 5. A spring piece 54 is provided between the anti-loosening connecting rod 53 and the anti-loosening bolt 5. Through the setting of the spring piece 54, after the anti-loosening connecting rod 53 moves, the spring piece 54 will be compressed, and after the external force is removed, the spring piece 54 will push the anti-loosening connecting rod 53 to restore. The lower end of the anti-loosening connecting rod 53 is clamped with the bucket seat 3. A connection hole 37 is opened on the bucket seat 3. The connection hole 37 corresponds to the anti-loosening bolt 5. The cross-section of the connection hole 37 is an inverted convex shape. A plurality of anti-loosening grooves 371 are opened along the circumference of the lower inner wall of the connection hole 37. The anti-loosening grooves 371 correspond to the anti-loosening connecting rods 53 one by one. A plurality of circles of annularly distributed anti-loosening blocks 372 are fixed at the upper end of the connection hole 37. The upper inner wall of the connection hole 37 is serrated. By setting the connection hole 37 to be serrated and simultaneously setting triangular anti-loosening blocks 372, when the gasket 51 is located in the connection hole 37, after the gasket 51 is squeezed, it will perfectly fit with the serrations and the anti-loosening blocks 372 to prevent the anti-loosening bolt 5 from reversing and loosening. When fixing the anti-loosening bolt 5 with a wrench, the wrench is sleeved on the anti-loosening bolt 5. Through the action of the extrusion surface 531, the anti-loosening connecting rod 53 enters the gap in the anti-loosening bolt 5. At this time, twist the wrench. Through the connection ring 52 meshing with the bucket tooth 4, during the meshing process, the gasket 51 will abut against the anti-loosening block 372 and deform. After the anti-loosening bolt 5 is fixed, remove the wrench. The spring piece 54 pushes the anti-loosening connecting rod 53 to restore and extend. At the same time, the convex block 532 is clamped in the anti-loosening groove 371. At the same time, the gasket 51 abuts and engages with the anti-loosening block 372, preventing the anti-loosening bolt 5 from loosening and reversing, avoiding the separation of the anti-loosening bolt 5 from the bucket seat 3 and the bucket tooth 4. The anti-loosening bolt 5 is threadedly connected to the bucket tooth 4 through the connection ring 52. A gap for the anti-loosening connecting rod 53 to slide is provided inside the anti-loosening bolt 5. By setting a gap inside the anti-loosening bolt 5, space is left for the movement of the anti-loosening connecting rod 53, facilitating the movement of the anti-loosening connecting rod 53. The anti-loosening connecting rod 53 is C-shaped. The upper end of the anti-loosening connecting rod 53 is the extrusion surface 531. When the wrench is sleeved on the anti-loosening bolt 5, the wrench will abut against the extrusion surface 531, and then squeeze the anti-loosening connecting rod 53 into the inside of the anti-loosening bolt 5. The lower end of the anti-loosening connecting rod 53 is the convex block 532. The convex block 532 corresponds to the anti-loosening groove 371. The gasket 51 corresponds to the anti-loosening block 372. The depth of the anti-loosening groove 371 is greater than the height of the convex block 532.The number of the anti-loosening grooves 371 is greater than the number of the anti-loosening connecting rods 53. By setting the depth of the anti-loosening grooves 371 to be greater than the height of the bumps 532 and setting the number of the anti-loosening grooves 371 to be greater than the number of the anti-loosening connecting rods 53, it is convenient for the bumps 532 to engage with the anti-loosening grooves 371 and prevent the bumps 532 from failing to engage with the anti-loosening grooves 371.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 7 Considering that the ejector pin 36 rises and after the ejector pin 36 enters the bucket tooth 4, the ejector pin 36 stops moving. To prevent the piston rod 331 from failing to continue moving downward, a limit ring 332 is fixed to the lower end of the limit seat 33. Two symmetrically arranged piston rods 331 are fixed to the lower end of the limit seat 33. The piston rods 331 correspond to the lower chambers 34 one by one. The piston rods 331 slide in the lower chambers 34. Through the cooperation of the limit seat 33 with the lower chambers 34 and the upper chambers 35, the ejector pin 36 is clamped in the bucket tooth 4. A piston block 361 is slidably connected inside the ejector pin 36. A spring is fixed to the upper end of the piston block 361. The upper end of the spring is fixedly connected to the piston block 361. A hole corresponding to the ejector pin 36 is formed inside the bucket tooth 4. When the piston rod 331 moves downward to squeeze the lower chamber 34, thereby pushing the ejector pin 36 upward, and after the ejector pin 36 enters the bucket tooth 4, the ejector pin 36 stops moving. To prevent the piston rod 331 from failing to continue moving downward, piston blocks 361 and 362 are arranged inside the ejector pin 36. After the ejector pin 36 abuts against the bucket tooth 4 and the piston rod 331 continues to squeeze, the piston block 361 will move inside the ejector pin 36, and the piston block 361 will squeeze 362.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 9 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11, considering that when the bucket tooth 4 is crushing the broken rock, the cutting head 44 and the cutting edge 45 of the bucket tooth 4 need to have greater rigidity to prevent the cutting head 44 and the cutting edge 45 from being deformed, a plurality of triangular prism-shaped fixing bars are fixed to the upper end of the bucket seat 3, a groove corresponding to the fixing bar is opened in the bucket tooth 4, a cutting head 44 is provided on the bucket tooth 4, and cutting edges 45 are provided on the front and rear sides of the cutting head 44, and a reinforcing rib A46 corresponding to the cutting edge 45 is fixed to the upper end of the cutting head 44. When the bucket tooth 4 is inserted into the bucket seat 3, the fixing bar on the bucket seat 3 will first be engaged with the groove on the bucket tooth 4, at this time, the bucket tooth 4 is prevented from sliding off the bucket seat 3 without being fixed. At the same time, the cutting head 44 and the cutting edge 45 provided on the bucket tooth 4 are conducive to crushing the broken rock and preventing the occurrence of a large volume of broken rock. A reinforcing rib A46 is provided between the cutting head 44 and the cutting edge 45, the reinforcing rib A46 supports the position of the cutting head 44 and the cutting edge 45, disperses the resistance to crushing rock, and prevents the cutting head 44 and the cutting edge 45 from being deformed. Meanwhile, a reinforcing rib B47 is fixed to the lower end of the bucket tooth 4, and a reinforcing rib C48 is fixed to the front and rear ends of the reinforcing rib B47, the reinforcing rib C48 is in a trident shape, and the forked end of the reinforcing rib C48 faces the cutting head 44 and the cutting edge 45, the reinforcing rib B47 is in a "仌" shape, and the forked end of the reinforcing rib B47 faces the balancing deformer 43, the reinforcing ribs B47 and the reinforcing ribs C48 support the cutting head 44 and the cutting edge 45, provide rigidity to the cutting head 44 and the cutting edge 45, and prevent the cutting head 44 and the cutting edge 45 from being deformed.

[0056] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2, considering that when the scraper bucket 26 is used for slag scraping, it is necessary to adjust different distances and angles to scrape the crushed rock at different positions. A slewing mechanism 22 is fixed to the telescopic end of the boom 2. A telescopic hydraulic cylinder 21 is fixed to the lower end of the boom 2. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the boom 2, and the telescopic end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the boom 2. By the telescopic movement of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 21, the telescopic end of the boom 2 can be driven to expand and contract, thereby adjusting the slag scraping distance of the slag scraping system 18. A boom seat 23 is fixed to the front end of the slewing mechanism 22. A moving boom 24 is rotatably connected to the boom seat 23. The slewing mechanism 22 is an existing device that can drive itself to rotate, thereby driving the moving boom 24 to rotate. A dipper arm 25 is rotatably connected to the moving boom 24. The dipper arm 25 is rotatably connected to the scraper bucket 26. Hydraulic devices are provided between the boom seat 23 and the moving boom 24, between the moving boom 24 and the dipper arm 25, and between the dipper arm 25 and the scraper bucket 26. By providing hydraulic devices between the boom seat 23 and the moving boom 24, between the moving boom 24 and the dipper arm 25, and between the dipper arm 25 and the scraper bucket 26, it is beneficial to adjust the angle of the scraper bucket 26 to achieve the effect of slag scraping or rock crushing.

[0057] When the present invention is in use:

[0058] First, the frame 1 is placed in the inclined shaft under construction. The traction wire 15 is wound by an external hoisting device. At the same time, through the cooperation of the traveling wheels 11 and the track 12, the frame 1 moves up and down in the inclined shaft. When slag scraping is required, the hoisting device stops working, and the leg device 16 extends and abuts against the inner wall of the inclined shaft to support and fix the frame 1, preventing the frame 1 from moving during the slag scraping operation of the slag scraping system 18. The slag scraping and rock crushing operations are realized through the work of the slag scraping system 18;

[0059] Then, after long-term work, the bucket teeth 4 on the scraper bucket 26 will be worn, and at this time, they need to be replaced;

[0060] Next, when disassembling the bucket teeth 4, the wrench is sleeved on the anti-loosening bolt 5. The wrench squeezes the anti-loosening connecting rod 53, so that the convex block 532 is disengaged from the anti-loosening groove 371. At this time, the anti-loosening bolt 5 is rotated to remove the anti-loosening bolt 5. During the process of removing the anti-loosening bolt 5, the compressed spring will push the sliding rod 31 upward. At this time, the lower end of the sliding rod 31 is disengaged from the bucket tooth 4 to release the limit. The spring pushes the limit seat 33 upward, and the piston column 331 moves upward to extract the gas in the upper chamber 35, so that the ejector pin 36 is restored, and the fixing between the bucket seat 3 and the bucket tooth 4 is released. When the sliding rod 31 moves upward, at this time, the fixing rod 32 loses the squeezing force, and the balance deformable body 43 and the compression deformable body 42 need to be restored. The force generated by the restoration of the balance deformable body 43 and the compression deformable body 42 will push the fixing rod 32 to be restored and enter the bucket seat 3, thereby releasing the fixing between the bucket seat 3 and the bucket tooth 4. At this time, the bucket tooth 4 can be removed;

[0061] Finally, place the new tooth 4 on the tooth socket 3. The fixing strip on the tooth socket 3 will first be engaged with the groove on the tooth 4, preventing the tooth 4 from slipping off the tooth socket 3 without being fixed. Then, put the wrench on the locknut 5 and squeeze the lock link 53 to fix the locknut 5 on the tooth 4. After removing the wrench, the elastic piece 54 pushes the lock link 53 to recover and extend. At the same time, the convex block 532 is engaged in the lock groove 371, and the gasket 51 is also engaged with the lock block 372. After being squeezed, the gasket 51 will perfectly fit with the serrated lock block 372 to prevent the locknut 5 from reversing and loosening. During the fixing process of the locknut 5, the locknut 5 pushes the slide bar 31 to move. The extrusion arc surface 312 on the slide bar 31 will abut against the fixing rod 32. Then, during the downward movement of the slide bar 31, the extrusion arc surface 312 pushes the fixing rod 32 to move slowly. The end of the fixing rod 32 is then slowly engaged in the placement hole 41 of the tooth 4 to complete the engagement and fixation with the placement hole 41. The lower end of the slide bar 31 is re-engaged and fixed with the tooth 4. The slide bar 31 abuts against the limit seat 33 and moves. The piston rod 331 on the limit seat 33 slides and squeezes in the lower chamber 34, causing the ejector pin 36 in the upper chamber 35 to move upward. The ejector pin 36 is fixed corresponding to the groove on the tooth 4, realizing the fixation between the tooth socket 3 and the tooth 4. When the slide bar 31 moves and drives the fixing rod 32 to move, after the fixing rod 32 enters the placement hole 41, it will squeeze the compression deformable body 42. The compression deformable body 42 is connected to the lock link 53, causing the balance deformable body 43 to bulge, sealing the gap between the tooth socket 3 and the tooth 4 to prevent soil from entering the gap between the tooth socket 3 and the tooth 4 when the device removes slag. At the same time, the fixing rod 32 enters the placement hole 41, realizing the engagement between the fixing rod 32 and the placement hole 41, and thus completing the entire fixation of the tooth 4 and the tooth socket 3.

[0062] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An excavation device, characterized in that: The machine comprises a frame (1), a slide rail (13) is fixed on the frame (1), a drill arm (17) is slidably connected to the upper end of the slide rail (13), a slag removal system (18) is slidably connected to the lower end of the slide rail (13), the slag removal system (18) comprises a large arm (2) and a slag removal bucket (26), a bucket seat (3) is fixed on the slag removal bucket (26), a bucket tooth (4) is fixed on the bucket seat (3), and a locking bolt (5) is fixed on the bucket tooth (4); The bucket seat (3) is slidably connected to a slide bar (31), the lower end of the slide bar (31) is engaged with the bucket tooth (4), the bucket seat (3) is symmetrically provided with two slidably connected fixing bars (32), the fixing bars (32) are engaged with the bucket tooth (4), the upper end of the slide bar (31) is provided with a limit seat (33), the limit seat (33) is connected to the bucket seat (3) via a spring, the interior of the bucket seat (3) is provided with two symmetrically distributed lower chambers (34) and two symmetrically distributed upper chambers (35), the lower chambers (34) and the upper chambers (35) are connected in a one-to-one correspondence, the upper chambers (35) are slidably connected with a top column (36), the top column (36) is engaged with the bucket tooth (4), and the bucket seat (3) is provided with an anti-slip groove (38); The inner wall of the bucket tooth (4) is provided with two symmetrically arranged placement holes (41), each of the placement holes (41) is provided with a pressure-bearing deformation body (42), and a U-shaped balancing deformation body (43) is fixed inside the bucket tooth (4); A gasket (51) is fixed to the outer wall of the anti-loosening bolt (5), a connecting ring (52) fixedly connected to the anti-loosening bolt (5) is provided at the upper end of the gasket (51), a plurality of anti-loosening connecting rods (53) are slidably connected to the inside of the anti-loosening bolt (5) along its circumference, a spring sheet (54) is provided between the anti-loosening connecting rod (53) and the anti-loosening bolt (5), and the lower end of the anti-loosening connecting rod (53) is clamped with the bucket seat (3); The bucket seat (3) is provided with a connection hole (37), the connection hole (37) corresponds to the anti-loosening bolt (5), the cross section of the connection hole (37) is an inverted convex shape, the lower inner wall of the connection hole (37) is provided with a plurality of anti-loosening grooves (371) along its circumference, the anti-loosening grooves (371) correspond one-to-one with the anti-loosening connecting rods (53), the upper end of the connection hole (37) is fixed with a plurality of anti-loosening blocks (372) distributed in an annular shape, and the upper inner wall of the connection hole (37) is serrated; The anti-loosening bolt (5) is threadedly connected to the bucket tooth (4) through a connecting ring (52). An internal sliding clearance for an anti-loosening connecting rod (53) is provided inside the anti-loosening bolt (5). The anti-loosening connecting rod (53) is C-shaped. The upper end of the anti-loosening connecting rod (53) is an extrusion surface (531), and the lower end of the anti-loosening connecting rod (53) is a convex block (532). The convex block (532) corresponds to an anti-loosening groove (371). The gasket (51) corresponds to an anti-loosening block (372). The depth of the anti-loosening groove (371) is greater than the height of the convex block (532), and the number of anti-loosening grooves (371) is greater than the number of anti-loosening connecting rods (53).

2. An excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting ring (332) is fixed to the lower end of the limiting seat (33). Two symmetrically arranged piston columns (331) are fixed to the lower end of the limiting seat (33). The piston columns (331) correspond to the lower chambers (34) one by one. The piston columns (331) slide inside the lower chambers (34). A piston block (361) is slidably connected inside the top column (36). A spring is fixed to the upper end of the piston block (361), and the upper end of the spring is fixedly connected to the piston block (361). A hole corresponding to the top column (36) is formed inside the bucket tooth (4).

3. An excavation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A blocking ring (311) is provided on the outer wall of the sliding rod (31). Under the combined action of the blocking ring (311) and the limiting ring (332), the spring at the lower end of the limiting seat (33) is limited. The sliding rod (31) includes an extrusion arc surface (312), and the extrusion arc surface (312) is composed of a conical arc surface. A plurality of guiding blocks (313) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod (31) along its circumferential direction. A guiding groove corresponding to the guiding blocks (313) is formed inside the sliding rod (31).

4. An excavation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of triangular prism-shaped fixing bars are fixed to the upper end of the bucket seat (3). Grooves corresponding to the fixing bars are formed inside the bucket tooth (4). A cutting head (44) is provided on the bucket tooth (4). Cutting edges (45) are provided on the front and rear sides of the cutting head (44). Reinforcing ribs A (46) corresponding to the cutting edges (45) one by one are fixed to the upper end of the cutting head (44).

5. An excavation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Reinforcing ribs B (47) are fixed to the lower end of the bucket tooth (4). Reinforcing ribs C (48) are fixed to both the front and rear ends of the reinforcing ribs B (47). The reinforcing ribs C (48) are trident-shaped, and the bifurcated ends of the reinforcing ribs C (48) face the cutting head (44) and the cutting edges (45). The reinforcing ribs B (47) are in the shape of "仌", and the bifurcated ends of the reinforcing ribs B (47) face the balance deformation body (43).

6. An excavation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of traveling wheels (11) are fixed to the lower end of the frame (1). A plurality of leg devices (16) are fixed to the upper end of the frame (1). Pulley groups (14) fixedly connected to the frame (1) are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the sliding table track (13). A traction steel wire (15) is connected to the pulley groups (14), and the traction steel wire (15) is connected to an external hoisting device.

7. An excavation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A slewing mechanism (22) is fixed to the telescopic end of the boom (2), a telescopic hydraulic cylinder (21) is fixed to the lower end of the boom (2), the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (21) is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the boom (2), the telescopic end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (21) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the boom (2), an arm seat (23) is fixed to the front end of the slewing mechanism (22), a boom (24) is rotatably connected to the arm seat (23), a boom (24) is rotatably connected to a dipper arm (25), the dipper arm (25) is rotatably connected to a grab bucket (26), and hydraulic devices are provided between the arm seat (23) and the boom (24), between the boom (24) and the dipper arm (25), and between the dipper arm (25) and the grab bucket (26).

8. An application of excavation equipment in the construction of a large-angle inclined shaft, characterized in that: Use an excavation device as described in claim 7.

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