An exhaust gas filtration device and method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of tail gas purification equipment, and specifically relates to a tail gas filtration device and method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides, including an exhaust main pipe, a three-way catalytic converter, and a pressurization and reflux mechanism; the three-way catalytic converter is installed inside the exhaust main pipe, the pressurization and reflux mechanism is installed on the exhaust main pipe, and the pressurization and reflux mechanism cooperates with the three-way catalytic converter; by setting a plurality of compression pipes and pistons, during the process of heating up the three-way catalytic converter, the tail gas in the three-way catalytic converter and the exhaust main pipe is continuously extracted until the air pressure in the three-way catalytic converter and the exhaust main pipe is always less than the air pressure in the engine, thereby preventing problems such as an increase in exhaust backpressure. At the same time, after the tail gas is compressed, it is more convenient to store. Cooperating with the storage tank, the storage capacity of the tail gas can be effectively increased. Moreover, the heat generated during the tail gas compression process can also prompt the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter to rise rapidly, thus playing a complementary role.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tail gas purification equipment, and specifically relates to a tail gas filtration device and method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides. Background Art

[0002] Automobile exhaust is the waste gas discharged from the automobile exhaust pipe, which contains a large amount of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and solid particles. As a major factor affecting air pollution, automobile exhaust treatment has always been highly regarded.

[0003] As a tail gas catalytic filtration device, a three-way catalytic converter attaches a three-way catalyst with catalytic function in the form of a coating on a honeycomb carrier to achieve the catalytic filtration effect of tail gas. When it works, it catalyzes the harmful gases in the automobile exhaust through the precious metal coating on the surface, and can catalytically convert harmful carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides into harmless gases such as carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen at high temperature, thereby achieving the tail gas purification effect. According to research data, when the three-way catalyst is in normal use, it can only have a catalytic effect at a minimum temperature of 350 degrees Celsius. When the temperature rises to 400 to 800 degrees Celsius, it is its optimal active temperature. After the automobile starts, its tail gas is continuously discharged. Although the three-way catalytic converter starts to heat up after the automobile starts, it usually takes a certain heating time for the three-way catalytic converter to be heated from room temperature to the optimal active temperature. During this period, the purification effect of the discharged automobile tail gas is usually poor.

[0004] A related technology discloses a three-way catalytic converter tail gas emission treatment device with an application number of CN2019105005485. In this solution, a gas storage tank is provided, which can collect the gas discharged from the three-way catalytic converter body during the starting stage of the automobile, and then discharge it back into the three-way catalytic converter body through the suction pipe and the discharge pipe until the normal working temperature of the catalyst is reached, effectively avoiding the discharge of untreated tail gas into the atmosphere. However, it is found in actual application that due to the setting of the gas storage tank, the tail gas cannot be discharged to the outside. Therefore, as the tail gas concentration in the discharge pipe and the exhaust pipe increases, problems such as increased exhaust back pressure and incomplete combustion of the air-fuel mixture will occur, and in severe cases, it may even lead to vehicle failures.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a tail gas filtration device and method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a tail gas filtration device and method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: A tail gas filtration device for effectively removing nitrogen oxides according to the present invention includes an exhaust main pipe, a three-way catalytic converter, and a pressurization and reflux mechanism;

[0008] The three-way catalytic converter is installed inside the exhaust main pipe, the pressurization and reflux mechanism is installed on the exhaust main pipe, and the pressurization and reflux mechanism cooperates with the three-way catalytic converter;

[0009] The pressurization and reflux mechanism includes a compression pipe, a piston, a storage tank, and a reflux pipe;

[0010] The compression pipe is installed inside the exhaust main pipe, the compression pipe is in direct contact with the three-way catalytic converter, the compression pipe is made of a high thermal conductivity metal material, a one-way intake pipe and a one-way outlet pipe are installed on the compression pipe, the one-way intake pipe is conductively connected to the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter, the one-way outlet pipe is conductively connected to the storage tank, and an overflow valve is installed in the one-way outlet pipe;

[0011] A piston is slidably and sealingly installed in the compression pipe, a crankshaft connecting rod is installed on the piston, and the crankshaft connecting rod is externally connected to a driving motor;

[0012] The storage tank is installed with a reflux pipe, the reflux pipe is conductively connected to the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter, an electromagnetic conduction valve is installed in the reflux pipe, a temperature sensor is installed in the three-way catalytic converter, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to both the electromagnetic conduction valve and the driving motor.

[0013] Preferably, the compression pipes are designed in plural, and the air extraction efficiency of multiple compression pipes is greater than the exhaust efficiency of the three-way catalytic converter.

[0014] Preferably, a heat exchange ring is inlaid and installed on the exhaust main pipe, the heat exchange ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the three-way catalytic converter, uniformly distributed installation grooves are provided on the heat exchange ring, the compression pipes are installed in the installation grooves, and a heat insulation shell is sleeved on the heat exchange ring.

[0015] Preferably, a transfer pipe is fixedly installed in the heat insulation shell, a filter element is installed in the transfer pipe, the transfer pipe extends into the exhaust main pipe and is open at the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter, and the one-way intake pipes all extend into the filter element.

[0016] Preferably, the reflux pipe extends into the filter element, both ends of the transfer pipe are open at both ends of the three-way catalytic converter, one-way plugs are fixedly installed at both ends of the transfer pipe, the one-way plugs are all made of conical rubber sheets, and the one-way plugs are all closed in the initial state.

[0017] Preferably, a through groove is provided on the transfer pipe, a mounting plate is installed in the through groove, and the filter element is fixedly installed on the mounting plate.

[0018] Preferably, an assembly plate is installed in the transfer pipe. The assembly plate is connected to the inner wall of the transfer pipe through an electric telescopic rod. The assembly plate and the mounting plate are fixedly connected by bolts. The one-way intake pipe is fixedly installed on the assembly plate. Jacks are provided on the assembly plate. The jacks match the return pipes. The return pipes are provided with openings on the side walls. Two groups of symmetrical sealing plates are fixedly installed in the transfer pipe. The two groups of sealing plates match the assembly plate.

[0019] Preferably, both sides of the two groups of sealing plates facing the assembly plate are made of elastic materials.

[0020] Preferably, a moving groove is provided in the transfer pipe. A switching plate is slidably installed in the moving groove. The switching plate is fixedly connected to the assembly plate. The one-way exhaust pipe is composed of a diversion section, a direct current section, and a compression section equipped with an overflow valve. The diversion section is fixedly installed on the switching plate. The compression section and the direct current section are both fixedly installed on the compression pipe. In the initial state, the compression section is aligned with the diversion section.

[0021] An exhaust gas filtration method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides, the method comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1: After the vehicle is started, the exhaust gas flows along the exhaust main pipe into the three-way catalytic converter and flows from the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter to the outlet end.

[0023] S2: The driving motor is synchronously started. After being transmitted by the crankshaft connecting rod, the piston is driven to reciprocate in the compression pipe, so that a negative pressure is formed in the one-way intake pipe.

[0024] S3: Under the traction of the negative pressure, the exhaust gas discharged from the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter flows into the compression pipe through the transfer pipe, the filter element, and the one-way intake pipe, and is compressed in the compression pipe.

[0025] S4: The heat released during the compression of the exhaust gas is transferred to the three-way catalytic converter through the heat exchange ring, promoting the rapid heating of the three-way catalytic converter. At the same time, the compressed gas is discharged into the storage tank through the overflow valve.

[0026] S5: After the three-way catalytic converter reaches the set temperature, the driving motor stops moving, and the electromagnetic conduction valve is opened. The compressed exhaust gas in the storage tank flows into the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter again through the return pipe and the transfer pipe.

[0027] S6: After the compressed exhaust gas is mixed with the newly generated exhaust gas, it enters the three-way catalytic converter and is discharged after catalytic filtration.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] 1. An exhaust gas filtration device and method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides according to the present invention, by arranging a plurality of compression tubes and pistons, during the heating process of the three-way catalytic converter, continuously extracting the exhaust gas in the three-way catalytic converter and the exhaust manifold until the air pressure in the three-way catalytic converter and the exhaust manifold is always less than the air pressure in the engine, thereby preventing problems such as an increase in exhaust backpressure. At the same time, after the exhaust gas is compressed, it is more convenient to store. Cooperating with the storage tank, the storage capacity of the exhaust gas can be effectively increased. Moreover, the heat generated during the exhaust gas compression process can also prompt the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter to rise rapidly, thus playing a complementary role and reducing the emission rate of untreated exhaust gas.

[0030] 2. An exhaust gas filtration device and method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides according to the present invention, by arranging a filter element, during the process of collecting, compressing, and storing the exhaust gas, physical filtration of the exhaust gas is achieved, thereby intercepting solid particles in the exhaust gas, reducing blockage of the compression tubes and pistons, and extending the service life of the device. Then, during the process of releasing the compressed exhaust gas in the storage tank, a backwash is caused in the filter element, thereby cleaning the filter element and extending the service life of the filter element. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is an internal structure diagram of the exhaust manifold in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 is an assembled perspective view of the heat exchange ring and the compression tube in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 is a partial structure diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 is an assembled perspective view of the transfer pipe and the storage tank;

[0037] Figure 6 is an assembled perspective view of the mounting plate and the filter element;

[0038] Figure 7 is an assembled perspective view of the compression tube and the assembly plate;

[0039] Figure 8 is an assembled perspective view of the assembly plate and two groups of sealing plates;

[0040] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the transfer pipe;

[0041] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the transfer pipe from another angle;

[0042] Figure 11 is the process flow diagram of the present invention;

[0043] In the figure: 1. Exhaust manifold; 11. Three-way catalytic converter; 2. Compression pipe; 21. One-way intake pipe; 22. Overflow valve; 23. Piston; 24. Crank connecting rod; 25. Driving motor; 26. Storage tank; 27. Return pipe; 3. Heat exchange ring; 31. Installation groove; 32. Heat insulation shell; 4. Transfer pipe; 41. Filter element; 42. One-way plug; 43. Penetrating groove; 44. Installation plate; 5. Assembly plate; 51. Electric telescopic rod; 52. Jack; 53. Sealing plate; 6. Moving groove; 61. Switching plate; 62. Diversion section; 63. DC section; 64. Compression section. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and functions of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementation manners.

[0045] As Figures 1 to 10 shown, a tail gas filtration device for effectively removing nitrogen oxides according to the present invention includes an exhaust manifold 1, a three-way catalytic converter 11 and a supercharging and reflux mechanism;

[0046] The three-way catalytic converter 11 is installed inside the exhaust manifold 1, the supercharging and reflux mechanism is installed on the exhaust manifold 1, and the supercharging and reflux mechanism cooperates with the three-way catalytic converter 11;

[0047] The supercharging and reflux mechanism includes a compression pipe 2, a piston 23, a storage tank 26 and a return pipe 27;

[0048] The compression pipe 2 is installed inside the exhaust manifold 1, the compression pipe 2 is in direct contact with the three-way catalytic converter 11, the compression pipe 2 is made of a high thermal conductivity metal material, a one-way intake pipe 21 and a one-way outlet pipe are installed on the compression pipe 2, the one-way intake pipe 21 is conductively connected to the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter 11, the one-way outlet pipe is conductively connected to the storage tank 26, and an overflow valve 22 is installed in the one-way outlet pipe;

[0049] The piston 23 is slidably and sealingly installed inside the compression pipe 2, a crank connecting rod 24 is installed on the piston 23, and the crank connecting rod 24 is externally connected to a driving motor 25;

[0050] The storage tank 26 is installed with a return pipe 27, the return pipe 27 is conductively connected to the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter 11, an electromagnetic conduction valve is installed in the return pipe 27, a temperature sensor is installed inside the three-way catalytic converter 11, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the electromagnetic conduction valve and the driving motor 25.

[0051] The compression tubes 2 are designed in plurality, and the air extraction efficiency of the plurality of compression tubes 2 is greater than the exhaust efficiency of the three-way catalytic converter 11.

[0052] When catalytically filtering automobile exhaust gas, in order to prevent unprocessed exhaust gas from being discharged to the outside during the temperature rise of the three-way catalytic converter 11, a supercharging and reflux assembly is provided in the present invention. By supercharging and compressing the exhaust gas, the heat utilization rate of the exhaust gas is improved while the storage effect of the exhaust gas is increased, and the air pressure in the exhaust main pipe 1 is prevented from being affected by the stored exhaust gas.

[0053] Specifically, in actual application, after the automobile starts, exhaust gas is generated. At the same time, the drive motor 25 is synchronously started under the control of a pre-set program. The drive motor 25 drives the crankshaft connecting rod 24 to rotate, and then the crankshaft connecting rod 24 drives the piston 23 to move in the compression tube 2. Since the compression tube 2 is connected to the exhaust main pipe 1 and the storage tank 26 through the one-way intake pipe 21 and the one-way outlet pipe, when the piston 23 moves towards the direction close to the crankshaft connecting rod 24, a negative pressure is formed in the compression cavity. The negative pressure acts on the exhaust main pipe 1 through the one-way intake pipe 21. Since the one-way intake pipe 21 is directly connected to the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter 11 and the air extraction efficiency of the plurality of compression tubes 2 is greater than the exhaust efficiency of the three-way catalytic converter 11, after the exhaust gas flows out of the three-way catalytic converter 11, it can be extracted into the compression tube 2. Subsequently, when the piston 23 moves away from the direction of the crankshaft connecting rod 24, the exhaust gas in the compression tube 2 is compressed, resulting in an increase in the air pressure in the compression tube 2 until the air pressure intensity is the same as the opening pressure of the overflow valve 22. During this process, the exhaust gas is continuously compressed, resulting in a continuous increase in the temperature of the exhaust gas. Since the compression tube 2 is in contact with the three-way catalytic converter 11, heat exchange occurs between the compression tube 2 and the three-way catalytic converter 11. During the continuous compression process of the exhaust gas, the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter 11 is rapidly increased. After the overflow valve 22 is opened, the compressed exhaust gas enters the storage tank 26 through the one-way outlet pipe. As the exhaust gas is continuously extracted, compressed and stored, the temperature sensor measures the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter 11 in real time. When the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter 11 is equal to the preset temperature, at this time, under the control of the pre-set program, the drive motor 25 is turned off and the electromagnetic conduction valve is opened. At this time, the compressed exhaust gas in the storage tank 26 flows along the return pipe 27 into the exhaust main pipe 1 under the action of the air pressure and is discharged to the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter 11, mixed with the newly generated exhaust gas, and flows into the three-way catalytic converter 11. After being catalyzed and filtered by the catalyst on the inner wall of the three-way catalytic converter 11, it is output.

[0054] The present invention sets a plurality of compression pipes 2 and pistons 23. During the heating process of the three-way catalytic converter 11, the exhaust gas in the three-way catalytic converter 11 and the exhaust manifold 1 is continuously extracted until the air pressure in the three-way catalytic converter 11 and the exhaust manifold 1 is always lower than the air pressure in the engine, thereby preventing the exhaust gas from being compressed and other problems from occurring. At the same time, after the exhaust gas is compressed, it is more convenient to store it. In conjunction with the storage tank 26, the storage capacity of the exhaust gas can be effectively increased. The heat generated during the compression of the exhaust gas can also cause the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter 11 to rise rapidly, thereby playing a complementary role and reducing the emission rate of untreated exhaust gas.

[0055] It should also be noted that compared to the related art, the present invention does not block the exhaust manifold 1 when collecting and storing exhaust gas. During the long-term use of the exhaust gas filtering device, even if the boost reflux mechanism fails, the impact on the automobile exhaust manifold 1 and the three-way catalytic converter 11 is relatively small, and the boost reflux mechanism will not cause blockage of the exhaust manifold 1. At the same time, the exhaust efficiency of the multiple compression pipes 2 at rated power in the present invention is greater than the exhaust efficiency of the three-way catalytic converter 11. Therefore, even if the tail end of the exhaust manifold 1 is not blocked, the exhaust gas discharged through the three-way catalytic converter 11 will also be completely extracted, compressed, and stored in the storage tank 26.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a heat exchange ring 3 is embedded in the exhaust manifold 1, and the heat exchange ring 3 is sleeved on the outer wall of the three-way catalytic converter 11. The heat exchange ring 3 is provided with evenly distributed installation grooves 31, and the compression tube 2 is installed in the installation grooves 31. A heat-resistant shell 32 is sleeved on the heat exchange ring 3.

[0057] In order to further enhance the uniformity of heating the three-way catalytic converter 11, a heat exchange ring 3 is provided in the present invention. The heat exchange ring 3 is directly sleeved on the outer wall of the three-way catalytic converter 11, and the compression tube 2 is installed in the installation groove 31 on the heat exchange ring 3. When the device is assembled, in order to further improve the efficiency of heat conduction, thermal conductive silicone grease is also coated on the inner wall of the heat exchange ring 3 and the inner wall of the installation groove 31. Therefore, the heat conduction efficiency between the compression tube 2, the heat exchange ring 3 and the three-way catalytic converter 11 is improved. In the process of exhaust gas compression and heat release, the heat can be quickly transferred to the three-way catalytic converter 11. The setting of the heat-resistant shell 32 is to isolate the heat exchange ring 3 from the outside world, thereby preventing the heat exchange ring 3 from dissipating heat into the air, and further accelerating the temperature increase rate of the three-way catalytic converter 11.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a transfer pipe 4 is fixedly installed in the heat-resistant shell 32, and a filter element 41 is installed in the transfer pipe 4. The transfer pipe 4 extends into the exhaust manifold 1 and is opened at the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter 11. The one-way air intake pipe 21 extends to the inside of the filter element 41.

[0059] The reflux pipe 27 extends into the interior of the filter element 41. Both ends of the transfer pipe 4 are provided with openings at both ends of the three-way catalytic converter 11. One-way plugs 42 are fixedly installed at both ends of the transfer pipe 4. The one-way plugs 42 are both made of tapered rubber sheets and are closed in the initial state.

[0060] A through groove 43 is formed in the transfer pipe 4, and a mounting plate 44 is installed in the through groove 43. The filter element 41 is fixedly installed on the mounting plate 44.

[0061] Since the automobile exhaust gas contains a certain amount of solid particles, unburned gasoline, etc., in order to reduce the influence on the sealing performance between the compression pipe 2 and the piston 23, the present invention is provided with a transfer pipe 4, and a filter element 41 is provided in the transfer pipe 4. During the heating process of the three-way catalytic converter 11, since the one-way intake pipe 21 extends into the interior of the filter element 41, when the compression pipe 2 extracts air flow, negative pressure acts through the one-way intake pipe 21, the filter element 41, and the transfer pipe 4. The setting of the one-way plugs 42 at both ends of the transfer pipe 4 makes the negative pressure act on the position where the exhaust manifold 1 is communicated with the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter 11 through the transfer pipe 4. Therefore, after the automobile exhaust gas flows out through the three-way catalytic converter 11, it is extracted into the transfer pipe 4, filtered through the filter element 41, and then enters the compression pipe 2 and the storage tank 26. Then, when the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter 11 reaches the set value, the drive motor 25 stops and the electromagnetic conduction valve opens. The compressed exhaust gas enters the interior of the filter element 41 again through the reflux pipe 27, and after generating a reverse impact on the filter element 41, the pressure in the transfer pipe 4 increases, and finally the exhaust gas enters the position where the exhaust manifold 1 is communicated with the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter 11 through the other end of the transfer pipe 4.

[0062] The setting of the through groove 43 and the mounting plate 44 is convenient for replacing the filter element 41 when the filter element 41 is blocked during long-term use.

[0063] By setting the filter element 41, the present invention realizes physical filtration of the exhaust gas during the process of collecting, compressing, and storing the exhaust gas, thereby intercepting solid particles in the exhaust gas, reducing the blockage of the compression pipe 2 and the piston 23, and extending the service life of the device. Then, during the process of releasing the compressed exhaust gas in the storage tank 26, a reverse flushing is formed in the filter element 41 for the exhaust gas, thereby cleaning the filter element 41 and extending the service life of the filter element 41.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an assembly plate 5 is installed in the transfer pipe 4. The assembly plate 5 is connected to the inner wall of the transfer pipe 4 through an electric telescopic rod 51. The assembly plate 5 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 44 by bolts. The one-way intake pipe 21 is fixedly installed on the assembly plate 5. A jack 52 is formed on the assembly plate 5. The jack 52 is matched with the return pipe 27. The return pipe 27 is provided with an opening on the side wall. Two symmetrically arranged sealing plates 53 are fixedly installed in the transfer pipe 4. The two sealing plates 53 are both matched with the assembly plate 5.

[0065] Both sides of the two sealing plates 53 facing the assembly plate 5 are made of elastic materials.

[0066] A moving groove 6 is formed in the transfer pipe 4. A switching plate 61 is slidably installed in the moving groove 6. The switching plate 61 is fixedly connected to the assembly plate 5. The one-way outlet pipe is composed of a diversion section 62, a direct current section 63, and a compression section 64 equipped with an overflow valve 22. The diversion section 62 is fixedly installed on the switching plate 61. The compression section 64 and the direct current section 63 are both fixedly installed on the compression pipe 2. In the initial state, the compression section 64 is aligned with the diversion section 62.

[0067] In the actual application process, an assembly plate 5 is provided in the transfer pipe 4. When the mounting plate 44 and the filter element 41 are installed on the transfer pipe 4, as the filter element 41 extends into the transfer pipe 4, the filter element 41 contacts the assembly plate 5. Subsequently, the mounting plate 44 and the assembly plate 5 are bolted together with bolts. Under the action of pressure, the gap between the filter element 41 and the assembly plate 5 is reduced. The one-way intake pipe 21 is fixedly installed on the assembly plate 5. Therefore, the filter element 41 is combined with the one-way intake pipe 21. In the initial state, the assembly plate 5 is supported by the electric telescopic rod 51 and contacts the sealing plate 53 away from the through groove 43. At this time, both the one-way intake pipe 21 and the return pipe 27 extend into the inner cavity of the filter element 41. When collecting, compressing, storing or releasing the tail gas, the tail gas all flows through the filter element 41. When the tail gas stored in the storage tank 26 is released completely, at this time, the air pressure in the storage tank 26 is the same as the external air pressure, and since the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter 11 is within the set temperature range, the electromagnetic conduction valve is in a continuously open state. During this process, when the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter 11 is too high during the long-term catalytic and filtering of the tail gas, at this time, under the real-time measurement of the temperature sensor, when the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter 11 is higher than the preset threshold, under the control of the preset program, the drive motor 25 starts again, and at the same time the electric telescopic rod 51 starts synchronously. The electric telescopic rod 51 pushes the assembly plate 5 to move, causing the assembly plate 5 to contact the sealing plate 53 on the side close to the through groove 43. At this time, relative movement occurs between the assembly plate 5 and the return pipe 27, causing the one-way intake pipe 21 and the return pipe 27 to open on both sides of the assembly plate 5 respectively. And the assembly plate 5 cooperates with the sealing plate 53 to divide the transfer pipe 4 into two non-connecting chambers. The chamber where the one-way intake pipe 21 is located is directly connected to the outside through the through groove 43. Therefore, when the one-way intake pipe 21 extracts air flow, it will directly extract external air. The air enters the compression pipe 2 after being filtered by the filter element 41. When the assembly plate 5 moves, the switching plate 61 is pulled to move synchronously. As a result, the diversion section 62 that is aligned with the compression section 64 in the initial state is now aligned with the direct current section 63. Therefore, when the piston 23 moves in the direction away from the crank connecting rod 24, the air is directly discharged into the storage tank 26 without being compressed and enters another chamber of the transfer pipe 4 along the return pipe 27. Finally, with the cooperation of the one-way plugs 42 at both ends of the transfer pipe 4, it is discharged to the connection point between the exhaust manifold 1 and the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter 11, and enters the three-way catalytic converter 11 together with the tail gas and is discharged to the outside along the exhaust manifold 1. The introduction of fresh air not only increases the air flow intensity in the three-way catalytic converter 11, uses the air flow to discharge the impurities inside the three-way catalytic converter 11, but also the external air temperature is relatively low, which can also play a role in cooling the three-way catalytic converter 11, thereby reducing the probability of overheating damage of the three-way catalytic converter 11.

[0068] As Figure 11 shown, a method for filtering tail gas to effectively remove nitrogen oxides, the method comprising the following steps:

[0069] S1: After the vehicle starts, the exhaust gas flows into the three-way catalytic converter 11 along the exhaust main pipe 1, and flows from the intake end to the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter 11;

[0070] S2: The drive motor 25 is started synchronously. After being transmitted by the crankshaft connecting rod 24, the piston 23 is driven to reciprocate in the compression pipe 2, thereby creating a negative pressure in the one-way intake pipe 21;

[0071] S3: Under the traction of the negative pressure, the exhaust gas discharged from the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter 11 flows into the compression pipe 2 through the transfer pipe 4, the filter element 41, and the one-way intake pipe 21, and is compressed in the compression pipe 2;

[0072] S4: The heat released during the compression of the exhaust gas is transmitted to the three-way catalytic converter 11 through the heat exchange ring 3, prompting the three-way catalytic converter 11 to quickly heat up. At the same time, the compressed gas is discharged into the storage tank 26 through the overflow valve 22;

[0073] S5: After the three-way catalytic converter 11 reaches the set temperature, the drive motor 25 stops moving, the electromagnetic conduction valve opens, and the compressed exhaust gas in the storage tank 26 flows into the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter 11 again through the return pipe 27 and the transfer pipe 4;

[0074] S6: After the compressed exhaust gas is mixed with the newly generated exhaust gas, it enters the three-way catalytic converter 11 and is discharged after catalytic filtration.

[0075] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An exhaust gas filtration device for effectively removing nitrogen oxides, characterized in that: It includes an exhaust manifold, a three-way catalytic converter, and a supercharging and reflux mechanism; The three-way catalytic converter is installed inside the exhaust manifold, and the supercharging and reflux mechanism is installed on the exhaust manifold. The supercharging and reflux mechanism cooperates with the three-way catalytic converter; The supercharging and reflux mechanism includes a compression pipe, a piston, a storage tank, and a reflux pipe; The compression pipe is installed inside the exhaust manifold. The compression pipe is in direct contact with the three-way catalytic converter. The compression pipe is made of a high thermal conductivity metal material. A one-way intake pipe and a one-way outlet pipe are installed on the compression pipe. The one-way intake pipe is conductively connected to the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter, and the one-way outlet pipe is conductively connected to the storage tank. An overflow valve is installed in the one-way outlet pipe; A piston is slidably and sealingly installed in the compression pipe. A crankshaft connecting rod is installed on the piston, and the crankshaft connecting rod is externally connected to a driving motor; A reflux pipe is installed on the storage tank. The reflux pipe is conductively connected to the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter. An electromagnetic conduction valve is installed in the reflux pipe. A temperature sensor is installed in the three-way catalytic converter. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to both the electromagnetic conduction valve and the driving motor; A heat exchange ring is inlaid and installed on the exhaust manifold. The heat exchange ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the three-way catalytic converter. Uniformly distributed installation grooves are provided on the heat exchange ring. The compression pipe is installed in the installation grooves. A heat insulation shell is sleeved on the heat exchange ring; A transfer pipe is fixedly installed in the heat insulation shell. A filter element is installed in the transfer pipe. The transfer pipe extends into the exhaust manifold and opens at the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter. The one-way intake pipes all extend into the filter element; A through groove is provided on the transfer pipe. A mounting plate is installed in the through groove, and the filter element is fixedly installed on the mounting plate; An assembly plate is installed in the transfer pipe. The assembly plate is connected to the inner wall of the transfer pipe through an electric telescopic rod. The assembly plate and the mounting plate are fixedly connected by bolts. The one-way intake pipe is fixedly installed on the assembly plate. A jack is provided on the assembly plate, and the jack matches the reflux pipe. The reflux pipe is provided with an opening on the side wall. Two sets of symmetric sealing plates are fixedly installed in the transfer pipe, and both the two sets of sealing plates match the assembly plate.

2. The tail gas filtration device for effectively removing nitrogen oxides according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression pipes are designed in plural. The air extraction efficiency of multiple compression pipes is greater than the exhaust efficiency of the three-way catalytic converter.

3. An exhaust gas filtration device for effectively removing nitrogen oxides according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reflux pipe extends into the filter element. The two ends of the transfer pipe are respectively opened at the two ends of the three-way catalytic converter. One-way plugs are fixedly installed at both ends of the transfer pipe. The one-way plugs are all made of conical rubber sheets. In the initial state, the one-way plugs are all closed; 4. An exhaust gas filtration device for effectively removing nitrogen oxides according to claim 3, characterized in that: One side of the two sets of sealing plates facing the assembly plate is made of elastic materials; 5. An exhaust gas filtration device for effectively removing nitrogen oxides according to claim 4, characterized in that: A moving groove is provided in the transfer pipe. A switching plate is slidably installed in the moving groove. The switching plate is fixedly connected to the assembly plate. The one-way outlet pipe is composed of a diversion section, a direct current section, and a compression section with an overflow valve installed. The diversion section is fixedly installed on the switching plate, and the compression section and the direct current section are both fixedly installed on the compression pipe. In the initial state, the compression section is aligned with the diversion section; 6. A tail gas filtration method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides, characterized in that: This method is applicable to the tail gas filtering device of claim 5. This method includes the following steps: S1: After the vehicle is started, the tail gas flows into the three-way catalytic converter along the exhaust manifold, flowing from the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter to the outlet end; S2: Synchronously start the driving motor. After being transmitted by the crankshaft connecting rod, the piston is driven to reciprocate in the compression pipe, so that a negative pressure is formed in the one-way intake pipe; S3: Under negative pressure traction, the exhaust gas discharged from the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter flows through the transfer pipe, filter element, and one-way intake pipe into the compression pipe, and is compressed in the compression pipe; S4: The heat released during the compression of the exhaust gas is transferred to the three-way catalytic converter through the heat exchange ring, prompting the three-way catalytic converter to quickly heat up. At the same time, the compressed gas is discharged into the storage tank through the overflow valve; S5: After the three-way catalytic converter reaches the set temperature, the drive motor stops moving, the electromagnetic conduction valve opens, and the compressed exhaust gas in the storage tank flows through the return pipe and transfer pipe and flows into the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter again; S6: After the compressed exhaust gas is mixed with the newly generated exhaust gas, it enters the three-way catalytic converter and is discharged after catalytic filtration.

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